1
|
Piñuela Y, Alday JG, Oliach D, Castaño C, Büntgen U, Egli S, Martínez Peña F, Dashevskaya S, Colinas C, Peter M, Bonet JA. Habitat is more important than climate for structuring soil fungal communities associated in truffle sites. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1724-1734. [PMID: 38575246 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The ectomycorrhizal fungi Tuber melanosporum Vittad. and Tuber aestivum Vittad. produce highly valuable truffles, but little is known about the soil fungal communities associated with these truffle species in places where they co-occur. Here, we compared soil fungal communities present in wild and planted truffle sites, in which T. melanosporum and T. aestivum coexist, in Mediterranean and temperate regions over three sampling seasons spanning from 2018 to 2019. We showed that soil fungal community composition and ectomycorrhizal species composition are driven by habitat type rather than climate regions. Also, we observed the influence of soil pH, organic matter content and C:N ratio structuring total and ectomycorrhizal fungal assemblages. Soil fungal communities in wild sites revealed more compositional variability than those of plantations. Greater soil fungal diversity was found in temperate compared to Mediterranean sites when considering all fungal guilds. Ectomycorrhizal diversity was significantly higher in wild sites compared to plantations. Greater mould abundance at wild sites than those on plantation was observed while tree species and seasonal effects were not significant predictors in fungal community structure. Our results suggested a strong influence of both ecosystem age and management on the fungal taxa composition in truffle habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Piñuela
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Crta. Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
| | - Josu G Alday
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Daniel Oliach
- Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Crta. Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain
| | - Carles Castaño
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SE-750 07, Sweden
| | - Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Czech Globe Research Institute CAS and Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Egli
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Martínez Peña
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon CITA, Montañana 930, E-50059, Zaragoza, Spain; European Mycological Institute EGTC-EMI, E-42003, Soria, Spain
| | - Svetlana Dashevskaya
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Carlos Colinas
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Crta. Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain
| | - Martina Peter
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - José Antonio Bonet
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Giorgi V, Amicucci A, Landi L, Castelli I, Romanazzi G, Peroni C, Ranocchi B, Zambonelli A, Neri D. Effect of Bacteria Inoculation on Colonization of Roots by Tuber melanosporum and Growth of Quercus ilex Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:224. [PMID: 38256777 PMCID: PMC10819665 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Tuber melanosporum is an ascomycete that forms ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbioses with a wide range of host plants, producing edible fruiting bodies with high economic value. The quality of seedlings in the early symbiotic stage is important for successful truffle cultivation. Numerous bacterial species have been reported to take part in the truffle biological cycle and influence the establishment of roots symbiosis in plant hosts and the development of the carpophore. In this work, three different bacteria formulations were co-inoculated in Quercus ilex L. seedlings two months after T. melanosporum inoculation. At four months of bacterial application, the T. melanosporum ECM root tip rate of colonization and bacterial presence were assessed using both morphological and molecular techniques. A 2.5-fold increase in ECM colonization rate was found in the presence of Pseudomonas sp. compared to the seedlings inoculated only with T. melanosporum. The same treatment caused reduced plant growth either for the aerial and root part. Meanwhile, the ECM colonization combined with Bradyrhizobium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. + Bradyrhizobium sp. reduced the relative density of fibrous roots (nutrient absorption). Our work suggests that the role of bacteria in the early symbiotic stages of ECM colonization involves both the mycorrhizal symbiosis rate and plant root development processes, both essential for improve the quality of truffle-inoculated seedlings produced in commercial nurseries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Giorgi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Antonella Amicucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Lucia Landi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Ivan Castelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Cristiano Peroni
- Agenzia per l’Innovazione nel Settore Agroalimentare e della Pesca “Marche Agricoltura Pesca”, AMAP, 60027 Osimo, Italy;
| | - Bianca Ranocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Zambonelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Davide Neri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| |
Collapse
|