1
|
Mohammadnejad A, Ryg J, Ewertz M, Jylhävä J, Hjelmborg JVB, Galvin A. Association of cancer with functional decline at old age: a longitudinal study in Danish twins. Scand J Public Health 2024:14034948241240823. [PMID: 38570302 DOI: 10.1177/14034948241240823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is evidence that older adults with cancer have a higher risk of functional decline than cancer-free older adults. However, few studies are longitudinal, and none are twin studies. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between cancer and functional decline in older adult (aged 70+ years) twins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cancer cases in the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins were identified through the Danish Cancer Registry. Functional status was assessed using hand grip strength (6 years follow-up), and self-reported questions on mobility (10 years follow-up), and cut-offs were defined to assess functional decline. Cox regression models were performed for all the individual twins. In addition, we extended the analysis to discordant twin pairs (twin pairs with one having cancer and the other being cancer-free), to control to a certain extent for (unmeasured) shared confounders (genetic and environmental factors). RESULTS The analysis based on individual twins showed that individual twins with cancer are at increased hazard of worsening hand grip strength (hazard ratio (HR) 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04, 1.80) than cancer-free twins. Among the discordant twin pairs, twins with cancer had a higher hazard of worsening hand grip strength (HR 3.50, 95% CI 1.15, 10.63) than cancer-free cotwins. In contrast, there was no evidence of a difference between the hazard of experiencing mobility decline for twins with cancer compared with cancer-free twins, in both individual twins and discordant twin pairs analyses. DISCUSSION Cancer was associated with hand grip strength functional decline in old individual twins and discordant pairs. Our results strengthen the importance of comprehensive geriatric assessment in older adults with cancer, as well as the importance of routine assessment of functional status. Promoting physical activity through exercise training programmes could enable the prevention of functional decline in older adults with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Mohammadnejad
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Jesper Ryg
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Marianne Ewertz
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Juulia Jylhävä
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Jacob vB Hjelmborg
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Angéline Galvin
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Epicene Team, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roth JVS, Guarenghi GG, Ferro RM, Valenga HM, Haas AN, Prates RC, Steffens JP. Gingival bleeding as a predictor of handgrip strength-an observational study and a pilot randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:109. [PMID: 38261106 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to (i) assess the association between self-reported periodontal disease and gingival bleeding as predictors of handgrip strength (HGS) in the elderly and (ii) evaluate the impact of baseline periodontal clinical parameters on the improvement of HGS in trained or non-trained treated periodontitis patients. METHODS For (i), cross-sectional data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging were retrieved and association between HGS (dependent variable) and self-reported gingival bleeding, periodontal disease, and missing teeth was analyzed using multiple linear regressions. For (ii), a pilot study was conducted with 17 patients randomly allocated to two groups-physical training or non-training-and followed for 45 days after subgingival instrumentation. Clinical parameters and HGS were recorded before and after treatment. RESULTS The observational study showed a significant association between HGS and tooth loss, edentulism and gingival bleeding. The clinical trial showed that baseline bleeding on probing, but not other parameters, was associated with delta HGS. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings suggest that gingival bleeding could act as a predictor of handgrip strength and its improvement after non-surgical periodontal therapy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gingival bleeding, either as self-perceived or clinically detected, may impact handgrip strength, an important marker of muscle frailty and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafael Milani Ferro
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Nogueira Haas
- Department of Periodontology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Coelho Prates
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Joao Paulo Steffens
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leitão L, Campos Y, Louro H, Figueira ACC, Figueiredo T, Pereira A, Conceição A, Marinho DA, Neiva HP. Detraining and Retraining Effects from a Multicomponent Training Program on the Functional Capacity and Health Profile of Physically Active Prehypertensive Older Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:271. [PMID: 38275551 PMCID: PMC10815818 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resuming a physical exercise program after a period of cessation is common in older women. Monitoring the responses during this detraining (DT) and retraining (RT) may allow us to analyze how the body reacts to an increase and a reduction in physical inactivity. Therefore, we conducted a follow-up training, DT, and RT in prehypertensive older women to analyze the response to these periods. METHODS Twenty-three prehypertensive older women (EG; 68.3 ± 2.8 years; 1.61 ± 0.44 m) performed 36 weeks of the multicomponent training program (MTP) followed by twelve weeks of DT plus eight weeks of RT. Fifteen prehypertensive older women (CG; 66.3 ± 3.2 years; 1.59 ± 0.37 m) maintained their normal routine. Functional capacity (FC), lipid, and hemodynamic profile were assessed before, during 24 and 36 weeks of the MTP, after 4 and 12 weeks of DT, and after 8 weeks of RT. RESULTS After 24 weeks of the MTP, only SBP did not improve. Four weeks of DT did not affect lower body strength (30-CS), TC, or GL. Eight weeks of RT improved BP (SBP: -2.52%; ES: 0.36; p < 0.00; DBP: -1.45%; ES: 0.44; p < 0.02), handgrip strength (3.77%; ES: 0.51; p < 0.00), and 30-CS (3.17%; ES: 0.38; p < 0.04) compared with 36 weeks of the MTP. CONCLUSIONS Eight weeks of RT allowed patients to recover the benefits lost with detraining, which after only four weeks affected them negatively, and the systematic practice of exercise contributed to greater regulation of BP since 24 weeks of the MTP proved not to be enough to promote positive effects of SBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Leitão
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (D.A.M.); (H.P.N.)
| | - Yuri Campos
- Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil;
- Study Group and Research in Neuromuscular Responses, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Louro
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Santarém, Portugal; (H.L.); (A.C.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Corrêa Figueira
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Teresa Figueiredo
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal; (A.C.C.F.); (T.F.); (A.P.)
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana Conceição
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Santarém, Portugal; (H.L.); (A.C.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniel A. Marinho
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (D.A.M.); (H.P.N.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Henrique P. Neiva
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (D.A.M.); (H.P.N.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Veiga D, Peralta M, Gouveia ÉR, Carvalho L, Encantado J, Teixeira PJ, Marques A. Moderating Effect of Grip Strength in the Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Depressive Symptomatology. Sports (Basel) 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 38275982 PMCID: PMC10819407 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and depression rank among the leading causes of disease burden and are present in the top ten causes of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that both depression and diabetes have a detrimental effect on the quality of life, and when they coexist, the effect is considerably worse. This study aimed to analyse how grip strength moderates the relationship between diabetes and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. In total, 41,701 participants (18,003 men) in wave 8 of the cross-sectional population-based Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2019/2020) data were studied. A dynamometer was used to test grip strength twice on each hand. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 12-item EURO-D scale. The relationship between diabetes and depressive symptoms is negatively moderated by grip strength (male: B = -0.03, 95% CI = -0.04, -0.03; female: B = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.06). Furthermore, the significant zone grip strength moderation values for males and females were less than 48.7 kg and 38.9 kg, respectively. Muscular strength was a moderator of depressive symptoms, attenuating its association with diabetes. This supports the premise that physical activity, namely muscle-strengthening exercises, should be included in diabetes treatment programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Veiga
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Élvio R. Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal;
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Laura Carvalho
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Jorge Encantado
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Pedro J. Teixeira
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (D.V.); (L.C.); (J.E.); (P.J.T.); (A.M.)
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aksu S, Çaman T, Özdemir İ, Bek S, Kutlu G. Lower handgrip strength in short-sleeper individuals with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med 2023; 112:352-358. [PMID: 37977019 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a frequently observed and remarkably incapacitating disorder worldwide. As a multisystem disorder, OSA has been linked to a plethora of clinical parameters though physical parameters like muscle strength have been scantily studied. Hand grip strength (HGS) is a practical marker of physical function that has been associated with mortality and an array of clinical outcomes as well as physiological parameters like sleep duration. A few seminal studies have observed no link between HGS and OSA severity while no studies evaluated the relationship between objectively determined sleep duration and HGS in OSA. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate the HGS indices among both OSA severity groups and objectively determined sleep duration groups in OSA. METHODS 111 treatment-naïve mostly middle-aged individuals with OSA (86 males) were recruited in a tertiary sleep center. Three OSA severity groups were determined by the Apnea-Hypopnea Index while three sleep duration groups were objectively determined by Total Sleep Time (TST). Dominant and non-dominant maximum and average HGS were calculated using a digital hand dynamometer. RESULTS Short-sleeper individuals with OSA were found to have lower HGS indices than intermediate or sufficient sleepers with OSA while no differences in HGS indices among OSA severity groups were observed. All HGS indices correlated with TST. CONCLUSIONS Future insights can be gleaned from the present results regarding the conceivably transdiagnostic relationship between sleep duration and HGS as well as the potential use of HGS as a marker in OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Aksu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Tuğçe Çaman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - İnan Özdemir
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Semai Bek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Gülnihal Kutlu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin WS, Tsai CC, Pan PJ. Effects of Taiwan's COVID-19 alert levels on the physical activity behaviors and psychological distress of community-dwelling older adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:312. [PMID: 37208613 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Taiwanese government implemented stringent preventative health measures to curb the spread of COVID-19. However, these measures negatively affected the physical activity behaviors and psychological distress of individuals. In this study, we investigated the effects of Taiwan's COVID-19 alert-based restrictions on the physical activity behaviors and psychological distress of community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In this longitudinal study, 500 community-dwelling older adults were randomly sampled from a health promotion center in Taiwan. Telephone interviews were conducted between May 11, 2021, and August 17, 2021, which coincided with the Level 3 alert period when group physical activities were prohibited. Telephone interviews were again conducted between June 20, 2022, and July 4, 2022, after the alert level was reduced to Level 2 but group physical activities were prohibited period. Through the telephone interviews, data regarding the participants' physical activity behaviors (type and amount) and 5-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) scores were collected. Moreover, data regarding physical activity behaviors were collected from the records of our previous health promotion programs, which were conducted before the national alert period. The obtained data were analyzed. RESULTS The alert levels influenced physical activity behaviors. Because of strict regulations, physical activity amount decreased during the Level 3 alert period and did not recover rapidly during the Level 2 alert period. Instead of engaging in group exercises (e.g., calisthenics and qigong), the older adults chose to exercise alone (e.g., strolling, brisk walking, and biking). Our findings indicate that the COVID-19 alert level has a significant influence on the amount of physical activity for participants (p < 0.05, partial η2 = 0.256), with pairwise comparisons showing that the physical activity amount decreased significantly across the three time periods (p < 0.05). The psychological distress of the participants did not appear to change during the regulation period. Although the participants' overall BSRS-5 score was slightly lower during the Level 2 alert period compared to the Level 3 alert period, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.264, Cohen's d = 0.08) based on a paired t-test. However, the levels of anxiety (p = 0.003, Cohen's d = 0.23) and inferiority (p = 0.034, Cohen's d = 0.159) were considerably higher during the Level 2 alert period than during the Level 3 alert period. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that Taiwan's COVID-19 alert levels influenced the physical activity behaviors and psychological distress of community-dwelling older adults. Time is required for older adults to regain their prior status after their physical activity behaviors and psychological distress were affected by national regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Sheng Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuan-Shan/Su-Ao Branch, Yilan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Tsai
- Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Pan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Center of Community Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao X, Chen S, Liu N, Hu F, Yu J. Handgrip strength is positively associated with successful aging in older adults: A national cross-sectional study in China. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:30-37. [PMID: 37084959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Muscle strength gradually decreases with advancing age. This study aimed to explore the relationship between handgrip strength and successful aging and its specific dimensions in older adults using a nationally representative sample. METHODS A total of 5269 adults aged 60 and older were included in this study. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer and was organized into quartiles by sex. Successful aging was defined by Rowe and Kahn's conceptual model including the following five dimensions: (a) no major diseases; (b) freedom from disability; (c) high cognitive function; (d) good psychological status; and (e) active social engagement in life. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between handgrip strength and successful aging and its specific dimensions. RESULTS The prevalence of successful aging was found to be 35.1 % in Chinese older adults. Compared to older adults with handgrip strength in the first quartile, those with handgrip strength in the second quartile, third quartile, and fourth quartile had a higher probability of successful aging (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.40 (95 % CI: 1.16, 1.69) to 2.06 (95 % CI: 1.70, 2.50)). We further found that the association between handgrip strength and successful aging was related to different ages. CONCLUSION This study suggested that there is a close association between handgrip strength and successful aging. Older adults who have greater handgrip strength can successfully deal with the challenges of aging. For older people, keeping a high level of muscle strength in late life may be helpful to the constant successful aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Zhao
- Department of Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiabin Yu
- Department of Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|