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Liang Z, Han Y, Chen T, Wang J, Lin K, Yuan L, Li X, Xu H, Wang T, Liu Y, Xiao L, Liang Q. Application of 3D bioprinting technology apply to assessing Dangguiniantongtang (DGNT) decoctions in arthritis. Chin Med 2024; 19:96. [PMID: 38978120 PMCID: PMC11229348 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) cell model in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a traditional Chinese medicine decoction in the treatment of arthritis. Chondrocytes (ATDC5) and osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were 3D printed separately using methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel bioinks to mimic the natural 3D cell environment. Both cell types showed good biocompatibility in GelMA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added to the cell models to create inflammation models, which resulted in increased expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6, and decreased expression of cell functional genes such as Collagen II (COLII), transcription factor SOX-9 (Sox9), Aggrecan, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), RUNX family transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Collagen I (COLI), Osteopontin (OPN), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The created inflammation model was then used to evaluate the effectiveness of Dangguiniantongtang (DGNT) decoctions. The results showed that DGNT reduced the expression of inflammatory factors and increased the expression of functional genes in the cell model. In summary, this study established a 3D cell model to assess the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoctions, characterized the gene expression profile of the inflammatory state model, and provided a practical reference for future research on TCM efficacy evaluation for arthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 540 Xinhua Road, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yunxi Han
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Luying Yuan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tengteng Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 540 Xinhua Road, Shanghai, 200052, China.
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 540 Xinhua Road, Shanghai, 200052, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Hussain MT, Austin-Williams S, Wright TD, Dhawan UK, Pinto AL, Cooper D, Norling LV. β1-Integrin-Mediated Uptake of Chondrocyte Extracellular Vesicles Regulates Chondrocyte Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4756. [PMID: 38731975 PMCID: PMC11083596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent age-related degenerative disorder, which severely reduces the quality of life of those affected. Whilst management strategies exist, no cures are currently available. Virtually all joint resident cells generate extracellular vesicles (EVs), and alterations in chondrocyte EVs during OA have previously been reported. Herein, we investigated factors influencing chondrocyte EV release and the functional role that these EVs exhibit. Both 2D and 3D models of culturing C28I/2 chondrocytes were used for generating chondrocyte EVs. We assessed the effect of these EVs on chondrogenic gene expression as well as their uptake by chondrocytes. Collectively, the data demonstrated that chondrocyte EVs are sequestered within the cartilage ECM and that a bi-directional relationship exists between chondrocyte EV release and changes in chondrogenic differentiation. Finally, we demonstrated that the uptake of chondrocyte EVs is at least partially dependent on β1-integrin. These results indicate that chondrocyte EVs have an autocrine homeostatic role that maintains chondrocyte phenotype. How this role is perturbed under OA conditions remains the subject of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Tayab Hussain
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (M.T.H.); (T.D.W.); (U.K.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Shani Austin-Williams
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (M.T.H.); (T.D.W.); (U.K.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Thomas Dudley Wright
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (M.T.H.); (T.D.W.); (U.K.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Umesh Kumar Dhawan
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (M.T.H.); (T.D.W.); (U.K.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Andreia L. Pinto
- Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6PY, UK;
| | - Dianne Cooper
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (M.T.H.); (T.D.W.); (U.K.D.); (D.C.)
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lucy V. Norling
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (M.T.H.); (T.D.W.); (U.K.D.); (D.C.)
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Esmaeili A, Hosseini S, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Co-culture engineering: a promising strategy for production of engineered extracellular vesicle for osteoarthritis treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:29. [PMID: 38200606 PMCID: PMC10782541 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as a significant factor in intercellular communication in different disease treatments, including osteoarthritis (OA). Compared to the conventional approaches in treating OA, EV therapy is a non-invasive and cell-free method. However, improving the yield of EVs and their therapeutic effects are the main challenges for clinical applications. In this regard, researchers are using the EV engineering potential to overcome these challenges. New findings suggest that the co-culture strategy as an indirect EV engineering method efficiently increases EV production and quality. The co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes has improved their chondrogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and regenerative properties which are mediated by EVs. Hence, co-culture engineering by considerable systems could be useful in producing engineered EVs for different therapeutic applications. Here, we review various co-culture approaches, including diverse direct and indirect, 2D and 3D cell cultures, as well as static and dynamic systems. Meanwhile, we suggest and discuss the advantages of combined strategies to achieve engineered EVs for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Esmaeili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Ejma-Multański A, Wajda A, Paradowska-Gorycka A. Cell Cultures as a Versatile Tool in the Research and Treatment of Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2489. [PMID: 37887333 PMCID: PMC10605903 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cultures are an important part of the research and treatment of autoimmune connective tissue diseases. By culturing the various cell types involved in ACTDs, researchers are able to broaden the knowledge about these diseases that, in the near future, may lead to finding cures. Fibroblast cultures and chondrocyte cultures allow scientists to study the behavior, physiology and intracellular interactions of these cells. This helps in understanding the underlying mechanisms of ACTDs, including inflammation, immune dysregulation and tissue damage. Through the analysis of gene expression patterns, surface proteins and cytokine profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures and endothelial cell cultures researchers can identify potential biomarkers that can help in diagnosing, monitoring disease activity and predicting patient's response to treatment. Moreover, cell culturing of mesenchymal stem cells and skin modelling in ACTD research and treatment help to evaluate the effects of potential drugs or therapeutics on specific cell types relevant to the disease. Culturing cells in 3D allows us to assess safety, efficacy and the mechanisms of action, thereby aiding in the screening of potential drug candidates and the development of novel therapies. Nowadays, personalized medicine is increasingly mentioned as a future way of dealing with complex diseases such as ACTD. By culturing cells from individual patients and studying patient-specific cells, researchers can gain insights into the unique characteristics of the patient's disease, identify personalized treatment targets, and develop tailored therapeutic strategies for better outcomes. Cell culturing can help in the evaluation of the effects of these therapies on patient-specific cell populations, as well as in predicting overall treatment response. By analyzing changes in response or behavior of patient-derived cells to a treatment, researchers can assess the response effectiveness to specific therapies, thus enabling more informed treatment decisions. This literature review was created as a form of guidance for researchers and clinicians, and it was written with the use of the NCBI database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ejma-Multański
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (A.P.-G.)
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Yeboah RL, Pira CU, Shankel M, Cooper AM, Haro E, Ly VD, Wysong K, Zhang M, Sandoval N, Oberg KC. Sox, Fox, and Lmx1b binding sites differentially regulate a Gdf5-Associated regulatory region during elbow development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1215406. [PMID: 37492222 PMCID: PMC10364121 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1215406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The articulating ends of limb bones have precise morphology and asymmetry that ensures proper joint function. Growth differentiation factor 5 (Gdf5) is a secreted morphogen involved in cartilage and bone development that contributes to the architecture of developing joints. Dysregulation of Gdf5 results in joint dysmorphogenesis often leading to progressive joint degeneration or osteoarthritis (OA). The transcription factors and cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) that regulate Gdf5 expression are not well characterized. We previously identified a Gdf5-associated regulatory region (GARR) that contains predicted binding sites for Lmx1b, Osr2, Fox, and the Sox transcription factors. These transcription factors are recognized factors involved in joint morphogenesis and skeletal development. Methods: We used in situ hybridization to Gdf5, Col2A1, and the transcription factors of interest in developing chicken limbs to determine potential overlap in expression. We further analyzed scRNA-seq data derived from limbs and knees in published mouse and chicken datasets, identifying cells with coexpression of Gdf5 and the transcription factors of interest. We also performed site-directed mutatgenesis of the predicted transcription factor binding sites in a GARR-reporter construct and determined any change in activity using targeted regional electroporation (TREP) in micromass and embryonic chicken wing bioassays. Results: Gdf5 expression overlapped the expression of these transcription factors during joint development both by in situ hybridization (ISH) and scRNA-seq analyses. Within the GARR CRM, mutation of two binding sites common to Fox and Sox transcripstion factors reduced enhancer activity to background levels in micromass cultures and in ovo embryonic chicken wing bioassays, whereas mutation of two Sox-only binding sites caused a significant increase in activity. These results indicate that the Fox/Sox binding sites are required for activity, while the Sox-only sites are involved in repression of activity. Mutation of Lmx1b binding sites in GARR caused an overall reduction in enhancer activity in vitro and a dorsal reduction in ovo. Despite a recognized role for Osr2 in joint development, disruption of the predicted Osr2 site did not alter GARR activity. Conclusion: Taken together, our data indicates that GARR integrates positive, repressive, and asymmetrical inputs to fine-tune the expression of Gdf5 during elbow joint development.
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Yuan S, Li G, Zhang J, Chen X, Su J, Zhou F. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Treatments for Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1814. [PMID: 37514001 PMCID: PMC10385170 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joints characterized by cartilage damage and severe pain. Despite various pharmacological and surgical interventions, current therapies fail to halt OA progression, leading to high morbidity and an economic burden. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches that can effectively address the underlying pathophysiology of OA. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a new paradigm in OA treatment. MSC-EVs are small membranous particles released by MSCs during culture, both in vitro and in vivo. They possess regenerative properties and can attenuate inflammation, thereby promoting cartilage healing. Importantly, MSC-EVs have several advantages over MSCs as cell-based therapies, including lower risks of immune reactions and ethical issues. Researchers have recently explored different strategies, such as modifying EVs to enhance their delivery, targeting efficiency, and security, with promising results. This article reviews how MSC-EVs can help treat OA and how they might work. It also briefly discusses the benefits and challenges of using MSC-EVs and talks about the possibility of allogeneic and autologous MSC-EVs for medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunling Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guangfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200941, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Rehabilitation Center of Joint Logistics Support Force, Tianjin 300110, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710000, China
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Sobieh BH, El-Mesallamy HO, Kassem DH. Beyond mechanical loading: The metabolic contribution of obesity in osteoarthritis unveils novel therapeutic targets. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15700. [PMID: 37180899 PMCID: PMC10172930 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent progressive disease that frequently coexists with obesity. For several decades, OA was thought to be the result of ageing and mechanical stress on cartilage. Researchers' perspective has been greatly transformed when cumulative findings emphasized the role of adipose tissue in the diseases. Nowadays, the metabolic effect of obesity on cartilage tissue has become an integral part of obesity research; hoping to discover a disease-modifying drug for OA. Recently, several adipokines have been reported to be associated with OA. Particularly, metrnl (meteorin-like) and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) have been recognized as emerging adipokines that can mediate OA pathogenesis. Accordingly, in this review, we will summarize the latest findings concerned with the metabolic contribution of obesity in OA pathogenesis, with particular emphasis on dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and adipokines. Additionally, we will discuss the most recent adipokines that have been reported to play a role in this context. Careful consideration of these molecular mechanisms interrelated with obesity and OA will undoubtedly unveil new avenues for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma H. Sobieh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O. El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Sinai, Egypt
| | - Dina H. Kassem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author. Associate Professor of Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, street of African Union Organization, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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