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Palm A, Talaslahti T, Vataja R, Ginters M, Kautiainen H, Elonheimo H, Suvisaari J, Lindberg N, Koponen H. Criminal behavior in alcohol-related dementia and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a Nationwide Register Study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01804-0. [PMID: 38613687 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heavy alcohol use may lead to permanent brain damage, cognitive impairment, and dementia. While the link between alcohol use and crime is strong, virtually no research exists on the criminal behavior of patients with the alcohol-related neurocognitive disorders of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) and alcohol-related dementia (ARD). METHODS The study population included all persons diagnosed with WKS (n = 1149) or ARD (n = 2432) in Finland in 1998-2015. Data on diagnoses, mortality, and crime were obtained from Finnish nationwide registers. Crime incidences were calculated 4 years before and after diagnosis. Crime types, incidences, and mortality were compared between disorders and with the general population. RESULTS Altogether 35.6% of WKS patients and 23.6% of ARD patients had committed crimes in the 4 years preceding diagnosis, most commonly property and traffic crimes, followed by violent crimes. The incidence of criminal behavior decreased significantly after diagnosis; in WKS patients, the standardized criminality ratio (SCR), the ratio of observed to expected number of crimes (95% CI), was 3.91 (3.72-4.10) in 4 years before and 2.80 (2.61-3.00) in 4 years after diagnosis. Likewise, in ARD patients, the SCRs were 2.63 (2.51-2.75) before and 0.84 (0.75-0.92) after diagnosis. No significant difference emerged in mortality between persons with and without a criminal history. CONCLUSIONS Persons with alcohol-related neurocognitive disorders frequently engage in criminal behavior prior to diagnosis, especially multiple offending. In the 4 years before and after diagnosis, crime rates declined in a linear fashion, with a marked reduction after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina Palm
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 590, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tiina Talaslahti
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 590, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Vataja
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 590, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milena Ginters
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 590, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Lindberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 590, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Koponen
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 590, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Dawson WD, Booi L, Pintado-Caipa M, Okada de Oliveira M, Kornhuber A, Spoden N, Golonka O, Shallcross L, Davidziuk A, Cominetti MR, Vergara-Manríquez M, Kochhann R, Robertson I, Eyre HA, Ibáñez A. The Brain Health Diplomat's Toolkit: supporting brain health diplomacy leaders in Latin America and the Caribbean. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 28:100627. [PMID: 38046464 PMCID: PMC10689283 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining and improving brain health, one of the most critical global challenges of this century, necessitates innovative, interdisciplinary, and collaborative strategies to address the growing challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean. This paper introduces Brain Health Diplomacy (BHD) as a pioneering approach to bridge disciplinary and geographic boundaries and mobilize resources to promote equitable brain health outcomes in the region. Our framework provides a toolkit for emerging brain health leaders, equipping them with essential concepts and practical resources to apply in their professional work and collaborations. By providing case studies, we highlight the importance of culturally sensitive, region-specific interventions to address unique needs of vulnerable populations. By encouraging dialogue, ideation, and cross-sector discussions, we aspire to develop new research, policy, and programmatic avenues. The novel BHD approach has the potential to revolutionize brain health across the region and beyond, ultimately contributing to a more equitable global cognitive health landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter D. Dawson
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, CR131, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Institute on Aging, Portland State University, 1825 SW Broadway, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Laura Booi
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- Centre for Dementia Research, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, Leeds, LS1 3HE, United Kingdom
| | - Maritza Pintado-Caipa
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- Department of Neurology, Peruvian Institute of Neurosciences, Bartolomé Herrera 161, Lince, 15046, Lima, Peru
| | - Maira Okada de Oliveira
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Cognitive Neurology and Behavioral Unit (GNCC), University of São Paulo, Butanta, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Kornhuber
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
| | - Natasha Spoden
- Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, CR131, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Ona Golonka
- Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, CR131, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Lenny Shallcross
- World Dementia Council, World Dementia Council Executive Team, Floor 2, 33 Cavendish Square, London, W1G 0PW, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandra Davidziuk
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
| | - Márcia Regina Cominetti
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Mayte Vergara-Manríquez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- University of Udine, Via Monsignor Pasquale Margreth, 3, 33100, Udine UD, Italy
- Center of Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
| | - Renata Kochhann
- Research Projects Office, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Ramiro Barcelos 610, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-000, Brazil
| | - Ian Robertson
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
| | - Harris A. Eyre
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- Baker Center for Public Policy, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Health and Education Research Building (HERB) at Barwon Health Deakin University School of Medicine, PO Box 281, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
- Euro-Mediterranean Economists Association, C/ de St. Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
- Meadows Mental Health Policy Institute, 2800 Swiss Ave, Dallas, TX, 75204, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd Suite E4.400, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Agustin Ibáñez
- Global Brain Health Institute at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), GBHI Memory and Aging Center, MC: 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA and Trinity College Dublin, Room 0.60, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, RM, 7941169, Chile
- Universidad San Andres, Vito Dumas 284, B1644BID, Victoria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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