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Oh CK, Cho YS. Pathogenesis and biomarkers of colorectal cancer by epigenetic alteration. Intest Res 2024; 22:131-151. [PMID: 38295766 PMCID: PMC11079515 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2023.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in cancer incidence and stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. CRC tumorigenesis results from a cumulative set of genetic and epigenetic alterations, disrupting cancer-regulatory processes like cell proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, cell death, invasion, and metastasis. Key epigenetic modifications observed in cancers encompass abnormal DNA methylation, atypical histone modifications, and irregularities in noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs. The advancement in genomic technologies has positioned these genetic and epigenetic shifts as potential clinical biomarkers for CRC patients. This review concisely covers the fundamental principles of CRC-associated epigenetic changes, and examines in detail their emerging role as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and treatment response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyo Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Coleman D, Kuwada S. miRNA as a Biomarker for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:338. [PMID: 38540397 PMCID: PMC10969835 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA segments that can be detected in a variety of clinical samples, including serum, stool, and urine. While miRNAs were initially known for their effect on post-translational gene expression, the last decade of research has shown them to be promising biomarkers for the detection of many types of cancer. This paper explores the use of miRNA detection as a tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We discuss the current state of miRNA detection, compare it to the existing CRC screening tools, and highlight the advantages and drawbacks of this approach from a clinical and logistical perspective. Our research finds that miRNA-based tests for CRC show great potential, but that widespread clinical adoption will be conditional on future research overcoming key hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coleman
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Scott Kuwada
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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3
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Wang L, Liu J, Zhu M, Shen Q, Liu Y, Chen H, Dong Y, Yang M, Yan C, Yang Z, Liu Y, Ma H, Hu Z, Shen H, Qian Y, Jin G. Cohort Profile: The Taihu Biobank of Tumour Biomarkers (TBTB) study in Wuxi, China. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyad173. [PMID: 38110622 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Yunqiu Dong
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Caiwang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Wang Y, Li X, Wei X, Li L, Bai H, Yan X, Zhang H, Zhao L, Zhou W, Zhao L. Identification of combinatorial miRNA panels derived from extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e377. [PMID: 37731947 PMCID: PMC10507283 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are relatively stable in blood, emerging as one of the most promising biomarkers in tumor liquid biopsy. Both total and extracellular vesicles (EVs) encapsulated miRNA have been studied for prognostic potential in a variety of cancers. Here, we systematically compared and verified the total and vesicle-derived miRNA expression profiles from plasma samples in healthy controls and patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the present study, four miRNA species miR-636, miR-7641, miR-28-3p, and miR-1246 that were differentially expressed in ESCC patients were chosen for further study. We first elucidated their essential function in ESCC progression and further explored their preliminary mechanism by identifying target proteins and involving signal pathways. Subsequently, the prognostic miRNA panels including miR-636, miR-7641, miR-1246, and miR-28-3p for ESCC diagnosis were constructed and validated using different cohort. Our results showed that the panel including the above four miRNAs derived from plasma EVs was most effective in distinguishing tumor patients from normal subjects, while integrated plasma EVs-derived miR-1246, miR-28-3p and total plasma miRNAs miR-636, miR-7641 showed the best capability in predicting lymph node metastasis. In summary, our studies revealed that plasma EVs-derived miRNAs could be emerged as promising biomarkers for ESCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Wang
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xiaojian Wei
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Lei Li
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Hanyu Bai
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Libo Zhao
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
| | - Wei Zhou
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Lianmei Zhao
- Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangChina
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