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Bordanaba-Florit G, Royo F, Albóniga OE, Clayton A, Falcón-Pérez JM, Webber J. Integration of proteomic and metabolomic analysis reveal distinct metabolic alterations of prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts compared to normal fibroblasts from patient's stroma samples. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167229. [PMID: 38734319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The prostate gland is a complex and heterogeneous organ composed of epithelium and stroma. Whilst many studies into prostate cancer focus on epithelium, the stroma is known to play a key role in disease with the emergence of a cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) phenotype associated upon disease progression. In this work, we studied the metabolic rewiring of stromal fibroblasts following differentiation to a cancer-associated, myofibroblast-like, phenotype. We determined that CAFs were metabolically more active compared to normal fibroblasts. This corresponded with a heightened lipogenic metabolism, as both reservoir species and building block compounds. Interestingly, lipid metabolism affects mitochondria functioning yet the mechanisms of lipid-mediated functions are unclear. Data showing oxidised fatty acids and glutathione system are elevated in CAFs, compared to normal fibroblasts, strengthens the hypothesis that increased metabolic activity is related to mitochondrial activity. This manuscript describes mechanisms responsible for the altered metabolic flux and shows that prostate cancer-derived extracellular vesicles can increase basal respiration in normal fibroblasts, mirroring that of the disease-like phenotype. This indicates that extracellular vesicles derived from prostate cancer cells may drive an altered oxygen-dependent metabolism associated to mitochondria in CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Félix Royo
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oihane E Albóniga
- Metabolomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain
| | - Aled Clayton
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Juan Manuel Falcón-Pérez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Metabolomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain
| | - Jason Webber
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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Yuan N, Xiao L, Chen J, Liu B, Ren S, Sheng X, Qi X, Wang Y, Chen C, Guo K, Yang X, Yang L, Wang X. CREG1 promotes bovine placental trophoblast cells exosome release by targeting IGF2R and participates in regulating organoid differentiation via exosomes transport. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133298. [PMID: 38917918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental exosomes are a kind of intercellular communication media secreted by placental cells during pregnancy, exosomogenesis and release are regulated by many secretory glycoproteins. CREG1 is a kind of secreted glycoprotein widely expressed in various organs and tissues of the body, which inhibits cell proliferation and enhances cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to explore the role of CREG1 in regulating exosomogenesis during the proliferation and differentiation of placental trophoblast cells in early pregnant dairy cows by targeting IGF2R and participating in regulating organoid differentiation via exosomes transport. METHODS Molecular biological methods were firstly used to investigate the expression patterns of CREG1, IGF2R and exosomal marker proteins in early placental development of pregnant dairy cows. Subsequently, the effects of CREG1 on the formation and release of bovine placental trophoblast (BTCs) derived exosomes by targeting IGF2R were investigated. Further, the effects of CREG1 on the change of gene expression patterns along with the transport of exosomes to recipient cells and participate in regulating the differentiation of organoids were explored. RESULTS The expression of CREG1, IGF2R and exosomal marker proteins increased with the increase of pregnancy months during the early evolution of placental trophoblast cells in dairy cows. Overexpression of Creg1 enhanced the genesis and release of exosomes derived from BTCs, while knocking down the expression of Igf2r gene not only inhibited the genesis of exosomes, but also inhibited the genesis and release of exosomes induced by overexpression of CREG1 protein. Interestingly, IGF2R can regulate the expression of CREG1 through reverse secretion. What's more, the occurrence and release of trophoblast-derived exosomes are regulated by CREG1 binding to IGF2R, which subsequently binds to Rab11. CREG1 can not only promote the formation and release of exosomes in donor cells, but also regulate the change of gene expression patterns along with the transport of exosomes to recipient cells and participate in regulating the early development of placenta. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that CREG1 is involved in the exosomogenesis and release of exosomes during the proliferation and differentiation of placental trophoblast cells in early pregnant dairy cows by targeting IGF2R, and is involved in the regulation of organoid differentiation through exosome transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihan Yuan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Bingying Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Siqi Ren
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xihui Sheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yingqiu Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Kaijun Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Animal Epidemic prevention and Quarantine center, Huimin District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010030, China
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
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Restaino AC, Walz A, Barclay SM, Fettig RR, Vermeer PD. Tumor-associated genetic amplifications impact extracellular vesicle miRNA cargo and their recruitment of nerves in head and neck cancer. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23803. [PMID: 38963404 PMCID: PMC11262563 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400625rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer neuroscience is an emerging field of cancer biology focused on defining the interactions and relationships between the nervous system, developing malignancies, and their environments. Our previous work demonstrates that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) released by head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) recruit loco-regional nerves to the tumor. sEVs contain a diverse collection of biological cargo, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we asked whether two genes commonly amplified in HNSCC, CCND1, and PIK3CA, impact the sEV miRNA cargo and, subsequently, sEV-mediated tumor innervation. To test this, we individually overexpressed these genes in a syngeneic murine HNSCC cell line, purified their sEVs, and tested their neurite outgrowth activity on dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons in vitro. sEVs purified from Ccnd1-overexpressing cells significantly increased neurite outgrowth of DRG compared to sEVs from parental or Pik3ca over-expressing cells. When implanted into C57BL/6 mice, Ccnd1 over-expressing tumor cells promoted significantly more tumor innervation in vivo. qPCR analysis of sEVs shows that increased expression of Ccnd1 altered the packaging of miRNAs (miR-15-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-21-5p), many of which target transcripts important in regulating axonogenesis. These data indicate that genetic amplifications harbored by malignancies impose changes in sEV miRNA cargo, which can influence tumorc innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C. Restaino
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60 Street north, Sioux Falls, SD, USA 57104
| | - Austin Walz
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60 Street north, Sioux Falls, SD, USA 57104
| | - Sarah M. Barclay
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60 Street north, Sioux Falls, SD, USA 57104
| | - Robin R. Fettig
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60 Street north, Sioux Falls, SD, USA 57104
| | - Paola D. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60 Street north, Sioux Falls, SD, USA 57104
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Gizzi G, Fiorani F, Cataldi S, Mandarano M, Delvecchio E, Mazzeschi C, Albi E. Exploring the Influence of Fok1/ Apa1 Polymorphic Variants on Adolescent Mental Health and Response to Vitamin D Supplementation in Embryonic Hippocampal Cell Lines. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:913. [PMID: 39062692 PMCID: PMC11276141 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been observed in association with susceptibility to various pathologies, including autism, major depression, age-related changes in cognitive functioning, and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. This study aimed to establish the association between Fok1/Apa1 polymorphic variants and anxious/depressive symptoms in nonclinical adolescents from central Italy, with the goal of identifying the risk of developing both symptoms. We found no significant difference in genotype distribution or dominant/recessive models of Fok1/Apa1 VDR polymorphic variants between subjects with anxious/depressive symptoms and controls. HN9.10e cell lines carrying the AA genotype for Fok1 and the CC genotype for Apa1 responded better to treatment with vitamin D3 than cell lines carrying the AG genotype for Fok1 and CA genotype for Apa1. Cell lines carrying the GG genotype for Fok1 and the AA genotype for Apa1 did not respond at all, suggesting avenues for future studies in both the general population and individuals with mental and/or neuropsychiatric disorders. These studies suggest that the level of response to vitamin D3 administered to prevent and/or treat mental or neurological disorders could depend on the polymorphic variants of the vitamin D receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gizzi
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (E.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Federico Fiorani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.)
| | - Martina Mandarano
- Division of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Elisa Delvecchio
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (E.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudia Mazzeschi
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (E.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.)
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Yang C, Xue Y, Duan Y, Mao C, Wan M. Extracellular vesicles and their engineering strategies, delivery systems, and biomedical applications. J Control Release 2024; 365:1089-1123. [PMID: 38065416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are nanoscale vesicles that can be secreted by all cell types, are intracellular in origin and have the same composition as their parent cells, play a key role in intercellular communication in organismal health and disease, and are now often used as biomarkers of disease and therapeutic agents in biomedical research. When injected locally or systemically, they have the ability to provide a variety of therapeutic effects, for example, regeneration of skin damage or restoration of cardiac function. However, direct injection of extracellular vesicles may result in their rapid clearance from the injection site.In order to maintain the biological activity of extracellular vesicles and to control the release of effective concentrations for better therapeutic efficacy during long-term disease treatment, the design of an optimized drug delivery system is necessary and different systems for the continuous delivery of extracellular vesicles have been developed. This paper first provides an overview of the biogenesis, composition and physiological function of extracellular vesicles, followed by a review of different strategies for extracellular vesicle isolation and methods for engineering extracellular vesicles. In addition, this paper reviews the latest extracellular vesicle delivery platforms such as micro-nanoparticles, injectable hydrogels, microneedles and scaffold patches. At the same time, the research progress and key cases of extracellular vesicle delivery systems in the field of biomedical therapeutics are described. Finally, the challenges and future trends of extracellular vesicle delivery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunxin Xue
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Duan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liao L, Wang H, Wei D, Yi M, Gu Y, Zhang M, Wang L. Exosomal microRNAs: implications in the pathogenesis and clinical applications of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1300864. [PMID: 38143562 PMCID: PMC10748509 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1300864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe acute neurological disorder with a high fatality rate. Early brain injury (EBI) and cerebral vasospasm are two critical complications of SAH that significantly contribute to poor prognosis. Currently, surgical intervention and interventional therapy are the main treatment options for SAH, but their effectiveness is limited. Exosomes, which are a type of extracellular vesicles, play a crucial role in intercellular communication and have been extensively studied in the past decade due to their potential influence on disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment. As one of the most important components of exosomes, miRNA plays both direct and indirect roles in affecting disease progression. Previous research has found that exosomal miRNA is involved in the development of various diseases, such as tumors, chronic hepatitis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and SAH. This review focuses on exploring the impact of exosomal miRNA on SAH, including its influence on neuronal apoptosis, inflammatory response, and immune activation following SAH. Furthermore, this review highlights the potential clinical applications of exosomal miRNA in the treatment of SAH. Although current research on this topic is limited and the clinical application of exosomal miRNA has inherent limitations, we aim to provide a concise summary of existing research progress and offer new insights for future research directions and trends in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishang Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Deli Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of Fushun County, Zigong, China
| | - Mingliang Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of Fushun County, Zigong, China
| | - Yingjiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of Fushun County, Zigong, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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