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Zhao Q, Chen L, Zhang X, Yang H, Li Y, Li P. β-elemene promotes microglial M2-like polarization against ischemic stroke via AKT/mTOR signaling axis-mediated autophagy. Chin Med 2024; 19:86. [PMID: 38879549 PMCID: PMC11179363 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resident microglia- and peripheric macrophage-mediated neuroinflammation plays a predominant role in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. Microglia undergo polarization to M1/M2-like phenotype under stress stimulation, which mediates intracellular inflammatory response. β-elemene is a natural sesquiterpene and possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory efficacy and mechanism of β-elemene in ischemic stroke from the perspective of balancing microglia M1/M2-like polarization. METHODS The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and photothrombotic stroke model were established to explore the regulation effect of β-elemene on the cerebral ischemic injury. The LPS and IFN-γ stimulated BV-2 cells were used to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects and potential mechanism of β-elemene regulating M1/M2-like polarization in vitro. RESULTS In C57BL/6 J mice subjected to MCAO model and photothrombotic stroke model, β-elemene attenuated neurological deficit, reduced the infarction volume and neuroinflammation, thus improving ischemic stroke injury. β-elemene promoted the phenotype transformation of microglia from M1-like to M2-like, which prevented neurons from oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury by inhibiting inflammatory factor release, thereby reducing neuronal apoptosis. Mechanically, β-elemene prevented the activation of TLR4/NF-κΒ and MAPK signaling pathway and increased AKT/mTOR mediated-autophagy, thereby promoting M2-like polarization of microglia. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that β-elemene improved cerebral ischemic injury and promoted the transformation of microglia phenotype from M1-like to M2-like, at least in part, through AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy. This study demonstrated that β-elemene might serve as a promising drug for alleviating ischemic stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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2
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Huang R, Kang T, Chen S. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:238. [PMID: 38713256 PMCID: PMC11076352 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor growth is closely linked to the activities of various cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly immune cells. During tumor progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are recruited, altering the TME and accelerating growth. These macrophages adjust their functions in response to signals from tumor and stromal cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), similar to M2 macrophages, are key regulators in the TME. METHODS We review the origins, characteristics, and functions of TAMs within the TME. This analysis includes the mechanisms through which TAMs facilitate immune evasion and promote tumor metastasis. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies that target TAMs. RESULTS TAMs are instrumental in mediating tumor immune evasion and malignant behaviors. They release cytokines that inhibit effector immune cells and attract additional immunosuppressive cells to the TME. TAMs primarily target effector T cells, inducing exhaustion directly, influencing activity indirectly through cellular interactions, or suppressing through immune checkpoints. Additionally, TAMs are directly involved in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Developing innovative tumor-targeted therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies is currently a promising focus in oncology. Given the pivotal role of TAMs in immune evasion, several therapeutic approaches have been devised to target them. These include leveraging epigenetics, metabolic reprogramming, and cellular engineering to repolarize TAMs, inhibiting their recruitment and activity, and using TAMs as drug delivery vehicles. Although some of these strategies remain distant from clinical application, we believe that future therapies targeting TAMs will offer significant benefits to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zheng W, Zhou H, Fu Z, Feng L, Wen D, Liang X, Cao L. Integration of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, metabonomics and metagenome analysis to investigate the mechanism of Sparganium stoloniferum-Curcuma phaeocaulis in treating of endometriosis in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 241:115970. [PMID: 38277707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.115970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a gynecological disease that causes severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility in women. The therapeutic efficacy of the traditional herbal combination of Sparganium stoloniferum-Curcuma phaeocaulis (Sangleng-Ezhu, SL-EZ) in the treatment of endometriosis has been established. However, the precise mechanism by which this treatment exerts its effects remains elusive. METHODS To gain further insights, UPLC-MS/MS was employed to identify the primary chemical constituents of SL-EZ in serum. Additionally, network pharmacology was utilized to analyze the active ingredients and their corresponding targets. Furthermore, the impact of SL-EZ on ectopic endometrial growth in endometrial implants was assessed using a rat model. The therapeutic mechanism of SL-EZ in rats with endometriosis was further investigated through the application of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and metabolomics. RESULTS The primary compounds in serum were zederone, p-coumaric acid, dehydrocostus lactone, curdione, curcumol. The growth of ectopic lesions in a rat model was effectively inhibited by SL-EZ. In comparison to the control group, the endometriotic rats exhibited a decrease in α-diversity of the gut microbiota, an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and a reduction in the abundance of Ruminococcaceae. Following SL-EZ intervention, the potential probiotic strains Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus johnsonii were able to restore the intestinal microenvironment at the species level. The altered metabolites were significantly correlated with Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The metabolomic analysis demonstrated significant alterations in intestinal metabolites. And SL-EZ intervention also exerted regulatory effects on various metabolic pathways in gut microbiota, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, monobactam biosynthesis, cyanoamino acid metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and amino acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The identification of novel treatment formulations for endometriosis was achieved through the utilization of network pharmacology and gut microbiota analyses. Our findings revealed simultaneous alterations in the microbiota within the rat model of endometriosis. The therapeutic efficacy of SL-EZ in treating endometriosis is attributed to its ability to restore the gut microbiota and regulate metabolism. This investigation offers valuable insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zheng
- Department of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Fu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510000, China
| | - Luyao Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Danting Wen
- Department of gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefang Liang
- Department of gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lixing Cao
- Department of gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Maryam B, Smith ME, Miller SJ, Natarajan H, Zimmerman KA. Macrophage Ontogeny, Phenotype, and Function in Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Injury and Repair. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:459-470. [PMID: 38297436 PMCID: PMC11000738 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AKI is characterized by a sudden, and usually reversible, decline in kidney function. In mice, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is commonly used to model the pathophysiologic features of clinical AKI. Macrophages are a unifying feature of IRI as they regulate both the initial injury response as well as the long-term outcome following resolution of injury. Initially, macrophages in the kidney take on a proinflammatory phenotype characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1), IL-6, IL-1 β , and TNF- α . Release of these proinflammatory cytokines leads to tissue damage. After resolution of the initial injury, macrophages take on a reparative role, aiding in tissue repair and restoration of kidney function. By contrast, failure to resolve the initial injury results in prolonged inflammatory macrophage accumulation and increased kidney damage, fibrosis, and the eventual development of CKD. Despite the extensive amount of literature that has ascribed these functions to M1/M2 macrophages, a recent paradigm shift in the macrophage field now defines macrophages on the basis of their ontological origin, namely monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophages. In this review, we focus on macrophage phenotype and function during IRI-induced injury, repair, and transition to CKD using both the classic (M1/M2) and novel (ontological origin) definition of kidney macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Maryam
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Morgan E. Smith
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sarah J. Miller
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Hariharasudan Natarajan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kurt A. Zimmerman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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Hyun JH, Woo IK, Kim KT, Park YS, Kang DK, Lee NK, Paik HD. Heat-Treated Paraprobiotic Latilactobacillus sakei KU15041 and Latilactobacillus curvatus KU15003 Show an Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Effect. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:358-366. [PMID: 37997261 PMCID: PMC10940752 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The lactic acid bacteria, including Latilactobacillus sakei and Latilactobacillus curvatus, have been widely studied for their preventive and therapeutic effects. In this study, the underlying mechanism of action for the antioxidant and immunostimulatory effects of two strains of heat-treated paraprobiotics was examined. Heat-treated L. sakei KU15041 and L. curvatus KU15003 showed higher radical scavenging activity in both the 2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assays than the commercial probiotic strain LGG. In addition, treatment with these two strains exhibited immunostimulatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with L. curvatus KU15003 showing a slightly higher effect. Additionally, they promoted phagocytosis and NO production in RAW 264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity. Moreover, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 was upregulated. These strains resulted in an increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Moreover, the nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways were stimulated by these strains. These findings suggest the potential of using L. sakei KU15041 and L. curvatus KU15003 in food or by themselves as probiotics with antioxidant and immune-enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyun Hyun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Im-Kyung Woo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Tae Kim
- Research Institute, WithBio Inc., Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seo Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Nascimento Júnior JXD, Sola-Penna M, Zancan P. Clotrimazole reverses macrophage M2 polarization by disrupting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149455. [PMID: 38176247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages switch among different activation phenotypes according to distinct environmental stimuli, varying from pro-inflammatory (M1) to alternative (also named resolutive; M2) activation forms. M1-and M2-activated macrophages represent the two extremes of the activation spectrum involving multiple species, which vary in terms of function and the cytokines secreted. The consensus is that molecular characterization of the distinct macrophage population and the signals driving their activation will help in explaining disease etiology and formulating therapies. For instance, myeloid cells residing in the tumor microenvironment are key players in tumor progression and usually display an M2-like phenotype, which help tumor cells to evade local inflammatory processes. Therefore, these specific cells have been proposed as targets for tumor therapies by changing their activation profile. Furthermore, M2 polarized macrophages are phagocytic cells promoting tissue repair and wound healing and are therefore potential targets to treat different diseases. We have already shown that clotrimazole (CTZ) decreases tumor cell viability and thus tumor growth. The mechanism by which CTZ exerts its effects remains to be determined, but this drug is an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In this study, we show that CTZ downregulated M2-activation markers in macrophages polarized to the M2 profile. This effect occurred without interfering with the expression of M1-polarized markers or pro-inflammatory cytokines and signaling. Moreover, CTZ suppressed NFkB pathway intermediates and disrupted PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. We concluded that CTZ reverses macrophage M2 polarization by disrupting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which results in the suppression of NFkB induction of M2 polarization. In addition, we find that CTZ represents a promising therapeutic tool as an antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Xavier do Nascimento Júnior
- The MetaboliZSm GrouP, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- The MetaboliZSm GrouP, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- The MetaboliZSm GrouP, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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7
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Xu C, Sarver DC, Lei X, Sahagun A, Zhong J, Na CH, Rudich A, Wong GW. CTRP6 promotes the macrophage inflammatory response, and its deficiency attenuates LPS-induced inflammation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105566. [PMID: 38103643 PMCID: PMC10789631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play critical roles in inflammation and tissue homeostasis, and their functions are regulated by various autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine factors. We have previously shown that CTRP6, a secreted protein of the C1q family, targets both adipocytes and macrophages to promote obesity-linked inflammation. However, the gene programs and signaling pathways directly regulated by CTRP6 in macrophages remain unknown. Here, we combine transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic analyses to show that CTRP6 activates inflammatory gene programs and signaling pathways in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Treatment of BMDMs with CTRP6 upregulated proinflammatory, and suppressed the antiinflammatory, gene expression. We also showed that CTRP6 activates p44/42-MAPK, p38-MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways to promote inflammatory cytokine secretion from BMDMs, and that pharmacologic inhibition of these signaling pathways markedly attenuated the effects of CTRP6. Pretreatment of BMDMs with CTRP6 also sensitized and potentiated the BMDMs response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory signaling and cytokine secretion. Consistent with the metabolic phenotype of proinflammatory macrophages, CTRP6 treatment induced a shift toward aerobic glycolysis and lactate production, reduced oxidative metabolism, and elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in BMDMs. Importantly, in accordance with our in vitro findings, BMDMs from CTRP6-deficient mice were less inflammatory at baseline and showed a marked suppression of LPS-induced inflammatory gene expression and cytokine secretion. Finally, loss of CTRP6 in mice also dampened LPS-induced inflammation and hypothermia. Collectively, our findings suggest that CTRP6 regulates and primes the macrophage response to inflammatory stimuli and thus may have a role in modulating tissue inflammatory tone in different physiological and disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dylan C Sarver
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xia Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Ageline Sahagun
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jun Zhong
- Delta Omics Inc, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chan Hyun Na
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Assaf Rudich
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - G William Wong
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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8
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Zheng G, Zhang Q, Li C, Fan W, Pan Z, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Rong J. ADAMTS13 inhibits H 2O 2-induced human venous endothelial cell injury to attenuate deep-vein thrombosis by blocking the p38/ERK signaling pathway. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:466-473. [PMID: 38149559 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in hematologic malignancies and immunologic disorders. Endothelial cell injury and dysfunction comprise the critical contributor for the development of DVT. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 (ADAMTS13), a plasma metalloprotease that cleaves von Willebrand factor, acts as a critical regulator in normal hemostasis. This study was aimed to explore the role of ADAMTS13 in endothelial cell injury during DVT and the possible mechanism. First, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Then, the mRNA and protein expressions of ADAMTS13 were evaluated with the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. After treatment with recombinant ADAMTS13 (rADAMTS13; rA13), the viability and apoptosis of H2O2-induced HUVECs were assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling staining. In addition, the levels of prostaglandin F1-alpha, endothelin-1, and reactive oxygen species were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay. The expressions of proteins related to p38/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway were estimated with the western blot. Then, p79350 (p38 agonist) was used to pretreat cells to analyze the regulatory effects of rA13 on p38/ERK signaling in H2O2-induced HUVEC injury. The results revealed that ADAMTS13 expression was significantly downregulated in H2O2-induced HUVECs. The reduced viability and increased apoptosis of HUVECs induced by H2O2 were revived by ADAMTS13. ADAMTS13 also suppressed the oxidative stress in HUVECs after H2O2 treatment. Besides, ADAMTS13 was found to block p38/ERK signaling pathway, and p79350 reversed the impacts of ADAMTS13 on the damage of HUVECs induced by H2O2. To sum up, ADAMTS13 could alleviate H2O2-induced HUVEC injury through the inhibition of p38/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfeng Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanyong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijian Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhichang Pan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Operating Room, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianjie Rong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Ji ZZ, Chan MKK, Chan ASW, Leung KT, Jiang X, To KF, Wu Y, Tang PMK. Tumour-associated macrophages: versatile players in the tumour microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1261749. [PMID: 37965573 PMCID: PMC10641386 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1261749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) are one of the pivotal components of the tumour microenvironment. Their roles in the cancer immunity are complicated, both pro-tumour and anti-cancer activities are reported, including not only angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, immunosuppression, drug resistance but also phagocytosis and tumour regression. Interestingly, TAMs are highly dynamic and versatile in solid tumours. They show anti-cancer or pro-tumour activities, and interplay between the tumour microenvironment and cancer stem cells and under specific conditions. In addition to the classic M1/M2 phenotypes, a number of novel dedifferentiation phenomena of TAMs are discovered due to the advanced single-cell technology, e.g., macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) and macrophage-neuron transition (MNT). More importantly, emerging information demonstrated the potential of TAMs on cancer immunotherapy, suggesting by the therapeutic efficiency of the checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor engineered cells based on macrophages. Here, we summarized the latest discoveries of TAMs from basic and translational research and discussed their clinical relevance and therapeutic potential for solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoey Zeyuan Ji
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Max Kam-Kwan Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex Siu-Wing Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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10
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Liao Y, Yan Q, Cheng T, Yao H, Zhao Y, Fu D, Ji Y, Shi B. Sulforaphene Inhibits Periodontitis through Regulating Macrophage Polarization via Upregulating Dendritic Cell Immunoreceptor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15538-15552. [PMID: 37823224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases that may eventually lead to the loss of teeth. Macrophage polarization plays an important role in the development of periodontitis, and several naturally occurring food compounds have recently been reported to regulate macrophage polarization. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of sulforaphene (SFE) in macrophage polarization and its impact on periodontitis. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, our study demonstrated that SFE effectively inhibits M1 polarization while promoting M2 polarization, ultimately leading to the suppression of periodontitis. Transcriptome sequencing showed that SFE significantly upregulated the expression of dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR, also known as CLEC4A2). We further validated the crucial role of DCIR in macrophage polarization through knockdown and overexpression experiments and demonstrated that SFE regulates macrophage polarization by upregulating DCIR expression. In summary, the results of this study suggest that SFE can regulate macrophage polarization and inhibit periodontitis. Moreover, this research identified DCIR (dendritic cell immunoreceptor) as a potential novel target for regulating macrophage polarization. These findings provide new insights into the treatment of periodontitis and other immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tiange Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hantao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dongjie Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Bin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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11
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Cai J, Wang W, Cai P, Cao B. Immune response to foreign materials in spinal fusion surgery. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19950. [PMID: 37810067 PMCID: PMC10559558 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal fusion surgery is a common procedure used to stabilize the spine and treat back pain. The procedure involves the use of foreign materials such as screws, rods, or cages, which can trigger a foreign body reaction, an immune response that involves the activation of immune cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes. The foreign body reaction can impact the success of spinal fusion, as it can interfere with bone growth and fusion. This review article provides an overview of the cellular and molecular events in the foreign body reaction, the impact of the immune response on spinal fusion, and strategies to minimize its impact. By carefully considering the use of foreign materials and optimizing surgical techniques, the impact of the foreign body reaction can be reduced, leading to better outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peng Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital (Chengdu Tumor Hospital), 51 Zhimin Rd, Wuhou District, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital (Chengdu Tumor Hospital), 51 Zhimin Rd, Wuhou District, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Baruah M, Kwon HY, Cho H, Chang YT, Samanta A. A Photoinduced Electron Transfer-Based Hypochlorite-Specific Fluorescent Probe for Selective Imaging of Proinflammatory M1 in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Model. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4147-4154. [PMID: 36800528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of the distinct phenotypes of macrophages is essential for monitoring the stage of inflammatory diseases for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Recent studies revealed that the level of hypochlorite (OCl-) varies from activated M1 macrophages (killing pathogens) to M2 (resolution of inflammation) during inflammation. Thus, we developed a simple and efficient fluorescent probe for discriminating M1 from M0 and M2. Herein, fluorescent-based imaging is applied as an alternative to immunohistochemistry, which is challenging due to the tedious process and high cost. We developed a hypochlorite-specific probe PMS-T to differentiate M1 and M2, employing a metabolism-oriented live-cell distinction. This probe enables the detection of inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis in an ex vivo mouse model. Thus, it can be a potential chemical tool for monitoring inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, that may overcome the existing barriers of immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Baruah
- Molecular Sensors and Therapeutics (MST) Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Haw-Young Kwon
- Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Cho
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Animesh Samanta
- Molecular Sensors and Therapeutics (MST) Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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13
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Deng H, Chen G, Zhang J. β-Elemene regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and inhibits invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022:jcim-2022-0295. [PMID: 36480470 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the inhibitory effect of β-elemene on invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells and its possible mechanism. METHODS Human colon cancer HCT116 cells were treated with different concentrations of β-elemene. The proliferation inhibition rate of the cells was detected by MTT assay, cell migration rate was detected by scratched assay, and cell invasion rate was evaluated by Transwell cell invasion assay. The expressions of Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin were detected by Western blotting. The mRNA expressions of Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the expressions of migration rate, invasion rate, scratch healing rate, N-cadherin, and Vimentin protein of HCT116 cells were decreased after β-elemene treatment, while the expression of E-cadherin protein was increased, and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS β-Elemene may inhibit cell proliferation and invasion and metastasis by inhibiting EMT signaling pathway in human colon cancer cell line HCT116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Deng
- Department of Proctology, Second Hospital Affiliated Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Graduate Department, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Chinese Medicine Teaching and Research Section, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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14
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Soni SS, D'Elia AM, Alsasa A, Cho S, Tylek T, O'Brien EM, Whitaker R, Spiller KL, Rodell CB. Sustained release of drug-loaded nanoparticles from injectable hydrogels enables long-term control of macrophage phenotype. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6951-6967. [PMID: 36341688 PMCID: PMC9724601 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels may be pre-formed through dynamic crosslinks, allowing for injection and subsequent retention in the tissue by shear-thinning and self-healing processes, respectively. These properties enable the site-specific delivery of encapsulated therapeutics; yet, the sustained release of small-molecule drugs and their cell-targeted delivery remains challenging due to their rapid diffusive release and non-specific cellular biodistribution. Herein, we develop an injectable hydrogel system composed of a macrophage-targeted nanoparticle (cyclodextrin nanoparticles, CDNPs) crosslinked by adamantane-modified hyaluronic acid (Ad-HA). The polymer-nanoparticle hydrogel uniquely leverages cyclodextrin's interaction with small molecule drugs to create a spatially discrete drug reservoir and with adamantane to yield dynamic, injectable hydrogels. Through an innovative two-step drug screening approach and examination of 45 immunomodulatory drugs with subsequent in-depth transcriptional profiling of both murine and human macrophages, we identify celastrol as a potent inhibitor of pro-inflammatory (M1-like) behavior that furthermore promotes a reparatory (M2-like) phenotype. Celastrol encapsulation within the polymer-nanoparticle hydrogels permitted shear-thinning injection and sustained release of drug-laden nanoparticles that targeted macrophages to modulate cell behavior for greater than two weeks in vitro. The modular hydrogel system is a promising approach to locally modulate cell-specific phenotype in a range of applications for immunoregenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya S Soni
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Arielle M D'Elia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Abdulrahman Alsasa
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Sylvia Cho
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tina Tylek
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Erin M O'Brien
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Ricardo Whitaker
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Kara L Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Christopher B Rodell
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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15
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Fan G, Li Y, Liu Y, Suo X, Jia Y, Yang X. Gondoic acid alleviates LPS‑induced Kupffer cells inflammation by inhibiting ROS production and PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109171. [PMID: 35998508 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) is the main macrophage in liver, and its inflammation is related to liver diseases. It has been shown that inflammatory macrophages are accompanied by changes in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content. However, the effect of gondoic acid (GA) on inflammation and its underlying mechanism have not been described. In the current study, we demonstrated that GA significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in LPS-exposed KCs. Further research found that GA reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhanced the expression of antioxidant genes. Meanwhile, GA obviously blocked the LPS-stimulated PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathways to alleviate the inflammatory responses. These results demonstrated for the first time that GA improves KCs inflammation through the inhibition of ROS production and PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway, the results assist in the potential development of functional foods or prodrugs based on the GA rich plant oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yanfei Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Suo
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yimin Jia
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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