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Kim J, Heo I, Luu QS, Nguyen QT, Do UT, Whiting N, Yang SH, Huh YM, Min SJ, Shim JH, Yoo WC, Lee Y. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Selectively 29Si-Enriched Core@shell Silica Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2023; 95:907-916. [PMID: 36514301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
29Si silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) are promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes that possess advantageous properties for in vivo applications, including suitable biocompatibility, tailorable properties, and high water dispersibility. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is used to enhance 29Si MR signals via enhanced nuclear spin alignment; to date, there has been limited success employing DNP for SiO2 NPs due to the lack of endogenous electronic defects that are required for the process. To create opportunities for SiO2-based 29Si MRI probes, we synthesized variously featured SiO2 NPs with selective 29Si isotope enrichment on homogeneous and core@shell structures (shell thickness: 10 nm, core size: 40 nm), and identified the critical factors for optimal DNP signal enhancement as well as the effective hyperpolarization depth when using an exogenous radical. Based on the synthetic design, this critical factor is the proportion of 29Si in the shell layer regardless of core enrichment. Furthermore, the effective depth of hyperpolarization is less than 10 nm between the surface and core, which demonstrates an approximately 40% elongated diffusion length for the shell-enriched NPs compared to the natural abundance NPs. This improved regulation of surface properties facilitates the development of isotopically enriched SiO2 NPs as hyperpolarized contrast agents for in vivo MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Incheol Heo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Quy Son Luu
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Quynh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Uyen Thi Do
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Nicholas Whiting
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey08028, United States
| | - Seung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Nanomedical Science and Technology, Nanomedical National Core Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Quantum Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon34113, South Korea.,Department of Applied Measurement Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon34113, South Korea
| | - Won Cheol Yoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
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