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Kaur S, Swayamjyoti S, Taneja V, Padhee SS, Nigam V, Jena KC. Molecular dynamics simulation of salt diffusion in constituting phosphazene-based polymer electrolyte. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:445901. [PMID: 39047774 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad6727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A growing demand to visualize polymer models in liquid poses a computational challenge in molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, as this requires emerging models under suitable force fields (FFs) to capture the underlying molecular behaviour accurately. In our present study, we have employed TIP3P potential on water and all atomistic optimized potentials for liquid simulations FFs to study the liquid electrolyte behavior of phosphazene-based polymer by considering its potential use in lithium-ion polymer batteries. We have explored the polymer's local structure, chain packing, wettability, and hydrophobic tendencies against the silicon surface using a combination of a pseudocontinuum model in MD simulation, and surface-sensitive sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. The finding yields invaluable insights into the molecular architecture of phosphazene. This approach identifies the importance of hydrophobic interactions with air and hydrophilic units with water molecules in understanding the behavior and properties of phosphazene-based polymers at interfaces, contributing to its advancements in materials science. The MD study uniquely captures traces of the polymer-ion linkage, which is observed to become more pronounced with the increase in polymer weight fraction. The theoretical observation of this linkage's influence on lithium-ion diffusion motion offers valuable insights into the fundamental physics governing the behavior of atoms and molecules within phosphazene-based polymer electrolytes in aqueous environments. Further these predictions are corroborated in the molecular-level depiction at the air-aqueous interface, as evidenced from the OH-oscillator strength variation measured by the SFG spectroscopy.The fundamental findings from this study open new avenues for utilizing MD simulation as a versatile methodology to gain profound insights into intermolecular interactions of polymer. It could be useful in the application of biomedical and energy-related research, such as polymer lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarabjeet Kaur
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - S Swayamjyoti
- School of Minerals, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Khordha, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Vibhuti Taneja
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Srikant S Padhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Vineeta Nigam
- Defence Materials Stores Research and Development Establishment, Kanpur 208013, India
| | - Kailash C Jena
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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2
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Tanaka M, Kobayashi R, Tsuboi Y, Yuyama KI. Optical trapping of nanoclusters formed in a temperature-responsive ionic liquid aqueous solution under focused near-infrared laser irradiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19083-19087. [PMID: 38978450 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02363c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Confining molecules and ions at a specific position in a solution enables the control of chemical reactions and analysis of tiny amounts of substances. Here, we demonstrate local condensation of a temperature responsive ionic liquid using optical tweezers. Two kinds of microdroplets are prepared through phase separation or nanocluster formation under irradiation of a near-infrared laser beam. The droplet formation mechanism is discussed in view of the evolution of an optical potential well and the local temperature distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Rai Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Tsuboi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichi Yuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
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3
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Forero-Martinez NC, Cortes-Huerto R, Ward L, Ballone P. Water Harvesting by Thermoresponsive Ionic Liquids: A Molecular Dynamics Study of the Water Absorption Kinetics and of the Role of Nanostructuring. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37267503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) whose water solutions are thermoresponsive provide an appealing route to harvest water from the atmosphere at an energy cost that can be accessed by solar heating. IL/water solutions that present a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), i.e., demix upon increasing temperature, represent the most promising choice for this task since they could absorb vapor during the night when its saturation is highest and release liquid water during the day. The kinetics of water absorption at the surface and the role of nanostructuring in this process have been investigated by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations for the ionic liquid tetrabutyl phosphonium 2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate whose LCST in water occurs at Tc = 36 °C for solutions of 50-50 wt % composition. The simulation results show that water molecules are readily adsorbed on the IL and migrate along the surface to form thick three-dimensional islands. On a slightly longer time scale, ions crawl on these islands, covering water and recreating the original surface whose free energy is particularly low. At a high deposition rate, this mechanism allows the fast incorporation of large amounts of water, producing subsurface water pockets that eventually merge into the populations of water-rich and IL-rich domains in the nanostructured bulk. Simulation results suggest that strong nanostructuring could ease the separation of water and water-contaminated IL phases even before macroscopic demixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C Forero-Martinez
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Lainey Ward
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield Campus, D04V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Pietro Ballone
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield Campus, D04V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield Campus, D04V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
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Moon J, Kang H. Effect of cation alkyl chain length on 3-sulfopropylmethacrylate-based draw solutes having lower critical solution temperature. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8291-8298. [PMID: 36926002 PMCID: PMC10011973 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of change in alkyl chain length of cation in tributylalkylphosphonium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate ([P444#][C3S], # = 4, 6, and 8) ionic liquids (ILs) on their osmolality and recovery properties as the draw solute in the forward osmosis (FO) process. The ILs aqueous solutions exhibited a characteristic of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase separation, which allowed for the easy recovery of the draw solute or clean water from the diluted draw solution. The LCSTs of 31, 26, 22, and 18 °C were obtained from 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 wt% aqueous solutions of [P4446][C3S]. When deionized water, 2000 ppm NaCl solution, and 10.0 wt% orange juice aqueous solution were used as feed solution, the water fluxes of the aqueous [P4446][C3S] solutions were approximately 4.49, 3.87, and 1.55 LMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution mode at 7.5 wt% of draw solution. This study demonstrates the applicability of a thermoresponsive ionic structure material as a draw solute for the FO process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Moon
- BK-21 Four Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University 37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-gil, Saha-gu Busan 49315 Republic of Korea +82 51 200 7728 +82 51 200 7720
| | - Hyo Kang
- BK-21 Four Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University 37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-gil, Saha-gu Busan 49315 Republic of Korea +82 51 200 7728 +82 51 200 7720
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Cabriolu R, Pollet BG, Ballone P. Effect of Organic Ions on The Formation and Collapse of Nanometric Bubbles in Ionic Liquid/Water Solutions: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1628-1644. [PMID: 36786732 PMCID: PMC9969518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulation is applied to investigate the effect of two ionic liquids (IL) on the nucleation and growth of (nano)cavities in water under tension and on the cavities' collapse following the release of tension. Simulations of the same phenomena in two pure water samples of different sizes are carried out for comparison. The first IL, i.e., tetra-ethylammonium mesylate ([Tea][Ms]), is relatively hydrophilic and its addition to water at 25 wt % concentration decreases its tendency to nucleate cavities. Apart from quantitative details, cavity formation and collapse are similar to those taking place in water and qualitatively follow the Rayleigh-Plesset (RP) equation. The second IL, i.e., tetrabutyl phosphonium 2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate ([P4444][DMBS]), is amphiphilic and forms nanostructured solutions with water. At 25 wt % concentrations, [P4444][DMBS] favors the nucleation of bubbles that tend to form at the interface between water-rich and IL-rich domains. Cavity collapse in [P4444][DMBS]/water solutions are greatly hindered by a shell of ions decorating the interface between the solution and the vapor phase. A similar effect is observed for the equilibration of a population of bubbles of different sizes. The drastic slowing down of the bubbles' relaxation processes suggests ways to produce long-lived nanometric cavities in the liquid phase that could be useful for nanotechnology and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaela Cabriolu
- Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway,E-mail:
| | - Bruno G. Pollet
- Green
Hydrogen Laboratory, Université du
Québec á Trois-Riviéres, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Riviéres, Quebec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Pietro Ballone
- School
of Physics, University College, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland,Conway
Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
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Moon J, Kang H. Anion Effect on Forward Osmosis Performance of Tetrabutylphosphonium-Based Draw Solute Having a Lower Critical Solution Temperature. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:211. [PMID: 36837713 PMCID: PMC9959785 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) as the draw solute in a forward osmosis (FO) system was investigated through a study on the effect of the structural change of the anion on the FO performance. This study evaluated ILs composed of tetrabutylphosphonium cation ([P4444]+) and benzenesulfonate anion ([BS]-), para-position alkyl-substituted benzenesulfonate anions (p-methylbenzenesulfonate ([MBS]-) and p-ethylbenzenesulfonate ([EBS-]), and methanesulfonate anion ([MS]-). The analysis of the thermo-responsive properties suggested that the [P4444][MBS] and [P4444][EBS] ILs have lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs), which play a beneficial role in terms of the reusability of the draw solute from the diluted draw solutions after the water permeation process. At 20 wt% of an aqueous solution, the LCSTs of [P4444][MBS] and [P4444][EBS] were approximately 36 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The water flux and reverse solute flux of the [P4444][MBS] aqueous solution with higher osmolality than [P4444][EBS] were 7.36 LMH and 5.89 gMH in the active-layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) mode at osmotic pressure of 25 atm (20 wt% solution), respectively. These results indicate that the [P4444]+-based ionic structured materials with LCST are practically advantageous for application as draw solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyo Kang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7720; Fax: +82-51-200-7728
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7
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Solvent-driven aqueous separations for hypersaline brine concentration and resource recovery. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Tanaka M, Tsuboi Y, Yuyama KI. Formation of a core-shell droplet in a thermo-responsive ionic liquid/water mixture by using optical tweezers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11787-11790. [PMID: 36168832 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many chemical and biological processes involve phase separation; however, controlling this is challenging. Here, we demonstrate local phase separation using optical tweezers in a thermo-responsive ionic liquid/water solution. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, a single droplet is formed at the focal spot. The droplet has a core consisting of highly concentrated ionic liquid. The mechanism of the core-shell droplet formation is discussed in view of the spatial distribution of optical and thermal potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Tsuboi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichi Yuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, 558-8585, Japan.
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9
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Gulotty EM, Sanadhya S, Tucker ZD, Moghaddam SS, Ashfeld BL. Controlling phase separation behavior of thermo-responsive ionic liquids through the directed distribution of anionic charge. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Meyer G, Schweins R, Youngs T, Dufrêche JF, Billard I, Plazanet M. How Temperature Rise Can Induce Phase Separation in Aqueous Biphasic Solutions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2731-2736. [PMID: 35312328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ionic-liquid-based acidic aqueous biphasic solutions (AcABSs) recently offered a breakthrough in the field of metal recycling. The particular mixture of tributyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([P4,4,4,14]Cl), acid, and water presents the unusual characteristic of a lower solution critical temperature (LCST), leading to phase separation upon a temperature rise of typically a few tens of degrees. We address here the microscopic mechanisms driving the phase separation. Using small-angle neutron scattering, we characterized the spherical micelle formation in a binary ionic liquid/water solution and the micelle aggregation upon the addition of acid due to the screening of electrostatic repulsion. The increase in both the acid concentration and the temperature eventually leads to micelle flocculation and phase separation. This last step is achieved through chloride ion adsorption at the surface of the micelle. This exothermic adsorption compensates for the entropic cost, leading to a counterintuitive behavior, and may be generalized to a number of molecular systems with an LCST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Meyer
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Tristan Youngs
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-François Dufrêche
- Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule. UMR 5257 CEA/CNRS/ENSCM/Université Montpellier, Site de Marcoule, Bâtiment 426 BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Billard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 1130 rue de la Piscine, 38402 Saint Martin d'Héres, France
| | - Marie Plazanet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France
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11
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Forero-Martinez NC, Cortes-Huerto R, Benedetto A, Ballone P. Thermoresponsive Ionic Liquid/Water Mixtures: From Nanostructuring to Phase Separation. Molecules 2022; 27:1647. [PMID: 35268747 PMCID: PMC8912101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamics, structures, and applications of thermoresponsive systems, consisting primarily of water solutions of organic salts, are reviewed. The focus is on organic salts of low melting temperatures, belonging to the ionic liquid (IL) family. The thermo-responsiveness is represented by a temperature driven transition between a homogeneous liquid state and a biphasic state, comprising an IL-rich phase and a solvent-rich phase, divided by a relatively sharp interface. Demixing occurs either with decreasing temperatures, developing from an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), or, less often, with increasing temperatures, arising from a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In the former case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both positive, and enthalpy prevails at low T. In the latter case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both negative, and entropy drives the demixing with increasing T. Experiments and computer simulations highlight the contiguity of these phase separations with the nanoscale inhomogeneity (nanostructuring), displayed by several ILs and IL solutions. Current applications in extraction, separation, and catalysis are briefly reviewed. Moreover, future applications in forward osmosis desalination, low-enthalpy thermal storage, and water harvesting from the atmosphere are discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C. Forero-Martinez
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Antonio Benedetto
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (P.B.)
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Ballone
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (P.B.)
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland
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Kwon M, Yang J, Kim H, Joo H, Joo SW, Lee YS, Lee HJ, Jeong SY, Han JH, Paik HJ. Controlling Graphene Wrinkles through the Phase Transition of a Polymer with a Low Critical Solution Temperature. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100489. [PMID: 34599783 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for controlling reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrinkles through a phase transition in a solution using a low critical solution temperature (LCST) polymer dispersant has been developed. The polymer dispersant is designed by control of architecture and composition using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Synthesized poly(2-(dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate-block-styrene) (PDbS) can be successfully functionalized on the rGO surface via noncovalent functionalization. PDbS-functionalized rGO (PDbS-rGO) exhibits good dispersibility in an aqueous phase at room temperature and forms wrinkles on the PDbS-rGO surface because of phase transition at the LCST of the polymer dispersant. The formation of PDbS-rGO wrinkles is controlled by varying the aggregation number of the polymer dispersant on the PDbS-rGO surface that strongly depends on temperature. This is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy (ID' /IG ratios are 0.560, 0.579, and 0.684, which correspond to 45, 70, and 95 °C, respectively). In addition, the mechanism of wrinkle control is proved by gold nanoparticles that are grown in polymer dispersant on the PDbS-rGO surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Kwon
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Hanyoung Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Joo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry Soongsil University 369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, Korea
| | - Young Sil Lee
- Industry-Academic Cooperation, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, 39177, Korea
| | - Hye Jung Lee
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Changwon, 641-120, Korea
| | - Seung Yol Jeong
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Changwon, 641-120, Korea.,Department of Electro-Functionality Materials Engineering, University of Science and Technology(UST), Daejon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Jong Hun Han
- School of Applied Chemical Engineering Chonnam National University 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735, Korea
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Ishizaka S, Yamamoto C, Yamagishi H. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Single Optically Levitated Water-Ionic Liquid Droplets in Air. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:7716-7722. [PMID: 34431297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, to investigate the equilibrium morphology of liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets in air, a temperature-responsive ionic liquid (IL) showing lower critical solution temperature behavior was employed. ILs have negligible vapor pressure and do not evaporate from aerosol droplets during dehumidifying processes. We demonstrated that the liquid-liquid phase separation of single optically levitated aqueous droplets containing the temperature-responsive IL can be induced by controlling the air relative humidity. The formation of liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets of partially engulfed morphology was successfully observed under an optical microscope, and their configurations were compared with those calculated by a thermodynamic model based on interfacial tensions and relative volume ratios of two immiscible phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Ishizaka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Himeka Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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15
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Haddad AZ, Menon AK, Kang H, Urban JJ, Prasher RS, Kostecki R. Solar Desalination Using Thermally Responsive Ionic Liquids Regenerated with a Photonic Heater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3260-3269. [PMID: 33596649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Growing global water demand has brought desalination technologies to the forefront for freshwater production from nontraditional water sources. Among these, forward osmosis (FO) is a promising two-step desalination process (draw dilution and regeneration), but it is often overlooked due to the energy requirements associated with draw regeneration. To address this limiting factor, we demonstrate FO desalination using thermally responsive ionic liquids (ILs) that are regenerated using a renewable energy input, that is, solar heat. To efficiently harness sunlight, a simple photonic heater converts incoming irradiation into infrared wavelengths that are directly absorbed by IL-water mixtures, thereby inducing phase separation to yield clean water. This approach is markedly different as it uses radiative heating, a noncontact mode of heat transfer that couples to chemical functional groups within the IL for rapid energy transfer without a heat exchanger or secondary fluid. Overall, a solar-thermal separation efficiency of 50% is achieved under unconcentrated sunlight, which can be increased to 69% with the thermal design. Successful desalination of produced water from oil wells in Southern California highlights the potential of solar-powered IL-FO for energy-efficient and low-cost desalination of complex brines for beneficial water reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Z Haddad
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Akanksha K Menon
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyungmook Kang
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ravi S Prasher
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert Kostecki
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Chu YH, Cheng MF, Chiang YH. Combinatorial discovery of small-molecule 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids exhibiting lower critical solution temperature phase transition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18247. [PMID: 33106575 PMCID: PMC7589527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Both lower and upper critical solution temperature (LCST and UCST) systems are two typical phase behaviors of thermoresponsive materials with solvents, in which LCST is far less common than UCST. Recent studies on ionic liquids carrying LCST phase transitions have predominantly focused on quaternary ammonium- and phosphonium-based ionic salts. Based on the 1,2,3-triazole core structure assemblable by azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reaction, this work reports the combinatorial synthesis of 1,3,4-trialkylated 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids in three libraries with a total of 160 ionic liquids and demonstrates, for the first time, their values in temperature-switchable phase transition with water. In this work, the successful discovery of a new thermoresponsive ionic liquid b26, based on the structure-and-phase separation study of b8 and b9, perfectly exemplified the true value of the tunability of ionic liquid fine structures. For all 160 ionic liquids synthesized, 155 are liquid at room temperature and 22 room-temperature ionic liquids were found to exhibit thermoresponsive phase transitions having low Tc values in water. To the best of our knowledge, this comprehensive study is the first report of small-molecule 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids that exhibit LCST property in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ho Chu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Mou-Fu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Hsin Chiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan, ROC
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Gobbo D, Ballone P, Garabato BD. Coarse-Grained Model of Entropy-Driven Demixing. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9267-9274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Gobbo
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - P. Ballone
- School of Physics, University College, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - B. D. Garabato
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, Italy
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18
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Verpaalen RC, Engels T, Schenning APHJ, Debije MG. Stimuli-Responsive Shape Changing Commodity Polymer Composites and Bilayers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38829-38844. [PMID: 32805900 PMCID: PMC7472435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Commodity polymers are produced in large volumes, providing robust mechanical properties at relatively low costs. The products made from these commodity polymers typically offer only static functionalities. Over the past decade, however, in the scientific literature, stimuli-responsive additives and/or polymer coatings have been introduced to commodity polymers, yielding composites and bilayers that change shape in response to light, temperature, and/or humidity. These stimuli responsive commodity polymers allow the marketing and sales of these otherwise bulk products as "high-end" smart materials for applications spanning from soft actuators to adaptive textiles. This Spotlight on Applications presents an overview of recent intriguing works on how shape changing commodity polymer composite and bilayer actuators based on polyamide 6, poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyethylene, and polypropylene have been fabricated that respond to environmental stimuli and discusses their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob C.
P. Verpaalen
- Laboratory
of Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Engels
- DSM
Material Science Center, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology Institute, Polymer
Technology Group, Eindhoven University of
Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert P. H. J. Schenning
- Laboratory
of Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Laboratory
of Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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