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Verma J, Kumar D. Retraction: Metal-ion batteries for electric vehicles: current state of the technology, issues and future perspectives. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3239. [PMID: 38868833 PMCID: PMC11166114 DOI: 10.1039/d4na90052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1039/D1NA00214G.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Verma
- Centre for Automotive Research and Tribology (CART), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Centre for Automotive Research and Tribology (CART), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016 India
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2
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Zhou T, Gui C, Sun L, Hu Y, Lyu H, Wang Z, Song Z, Yu G. Energy Applications of Ionic Liquids: Recent Developments and Future Prospects. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12170-12253. [PMID: 37879045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) consisting entirely of ions exhibit many fascinating and tunable properties, making them promising functional materials for a large number of energy-related applications. For example, ILs have been employed as electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion, as heat transfer fluids and phase-change materials for thermal energy transfer and storage, as solvents and/or catalysts for CO2 capture, CO2 conversion, biomass treatment and biofuel extraction, and as high-energy propellants for aerospace applications. This paper provides an extensive overview on the various energy applications of ILs and offers some thinking and viewpoints on the current challenges and emerging opportunities in each area. The basic fundamentals (structures and properties) of ILs are first introduced. Then, motivations and successful applications of ILs in the energy field are concisely outlined. Later, a detailed review of recent representative works in each area is provided. For each application, the role of ILs and their associated benefits are elaborated. Research trends and insights into the selection of ILs to achieve improved performance are analyzed as well. Challenges and future opportunities are pointed out before the paper is concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhou
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518048, China
| | - Chengmin Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Longgang Sun
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department for Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstr. 1, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Zhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Gangqiang Yu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
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3
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Kosar M, Taimoory SM, Diesenhaus O, Trant JF. Improvement of electrolytes for aluminum ion batteries: A molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:144503. [PMID: 37823460 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aluminum ion battery (AIB) is a promising technology, but there is a lack of understanding of the desired nature of the batteries' electrolytes. The ionic charge carriers in these batteries are not simply Al3+ ions but the anionic AlCl4- and Al2Cl7-, which form in the electrolyte. Using computational analysis, this study illustrates the effect of mole ratios and organic solvents to improve the AIB electrolytes. To this end, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted on varying ratios forming acidic, neutral, and basic mixtures of the AlCl3 salt with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMImCl) ionic liquid (IL) and an organic solvent electrolyte [dichloromethane (DCM) or toluene]. The data obtained from diffusion calculations indicates that the solvents could improve the transport properties. Both DCM and toluene lead to higher diffusion coefficients, and higher conductivity. Detailed calculations demonstrated solvents can effectively improve the formation of AlCl3⋯Cl (AlCl4-) and AlCl4-···AlCl4- (Al2Cl7-) especially in acidic mixtures. The densities, around 1.25 g/cm3 for electrolyte mixtures of AlCl3-EMImCl, were consistent with experiment. These results, in agreement with experimental findings, strongly suggest that DCM in acidic media with AlCl3 and EMImCl might provide a promising basis for battery development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kosar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - S Maryamdokht Taimoory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Owen Diesenhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - John F Trant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
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4
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Kim D, Kim IJ, Lee JS. Demonstration of the threshold-switching memory devices using EMIm(AlCl 3)Cl and ZnO for neuromorphic applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:015203. [PMID: 37830748 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acf93d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The threshold-switching behaviors of the synapses lead to energy-efficient operation in the neural computing system. Here, we demonstrated the threshold-switching memory devices by inserting the ZnO layer into the ionic synaptic devices. The EMIm(AlCl3)Cl is utilized as the electrolyte because its conductance can be tuned by the charge states of the Al-based ions. The redox reactions of the Al ions in the electrolyte can lead to the analog resistive switching characteristics, such as excitatory postsynaptic current, paired-pulse facilitation, potentiation, and depression. By inserting the ZnO layer into the EMIm(AlCl3)-based ionic synaptic devices, the threshold switching behaviors are demonstrated. Using the resistivity difference between ZnO and EMIm(AlCl3)Cl, the analog resistive switching behaviors are tunned as the threshold-switching behaviors. The threshold-switching behaviors are achieved by applying the spike stimuli to the device. Demonstration of the threshold-switching behaviors of the ionic synaptic devices has a possibility to achieve high energy-efficiency for the ion-based artificial synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Jyae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Sik Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Lucio AJ, Sumarlan I, Bulmer E, Efimov I, Viles S, Hillman AR, Zaleski CJ, Ryder KS. Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:13866-13876. [PMID: 37492190 PMCID: PMC10364082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
At the core of the aluminum (Al) ion battery is the liquid electrolyte, which governs the underlying chemistry. Optimizing the rheological properties of the electrolyte is critical to advance the state of the art. In the present work, the chloroaluminate electrolyte is made by reacting AlCl3 with a recently reported acetamidinium chloride (Acet-Cl) salt in an effort to make a more performant liquid electrolyte. Using AlCl3:Acet-Cl as a model electrolyte, we build on our previous work, which established a new method for extracting the ionic conductivity from fitting voltammetric data, and in this contribution, we validate the method across a range of measurement parameters in addition to highlighting the model electrolytes' conductivity relative to current chloroaluminate liquids. Specifically, our method allows the extraction of both the ionic conductivity and voltammetric data from a single, simple, and routine measurement. To bring these results in the context of current methods, we compare our results to two independent standard conductivity measurement techniques. Several different measurement parameters (potential scan rate, potential excursion, temperature, and composition) are examined. We find that our novel method can resolve similar trends in conductivity to conventional methods, but typically, the values are a factor of two higher. The values from our method, on the other hand, agree closely with literature values reported elsewhere. Importantly, having now established the approach for our new method, we discuss the conductivity of AlCl3:Acet-Cl-based formulations. These electrolytes provide a significant improvement (5-10× higher) over electrolytes made from similar Lewis base salts (e.g., urea or acetamide). The Lewis base salt precursors have a low economic cost compared to state-of-the-art imidazolium-based salts and are non-toxic, which is advantageous for scale-up. Overall, this is a noteworthy step at designing cost-effective and performant liquid electrolytes for Al-ion battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Lucio
- Centre
for Sustainable Materials Processing, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Iwan Sumarlan
- Centre
for Sustainable Materials Processing, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Mataram, Jl. Majapahit. No. 62, Mataram, 83115 Lombok, Indonesia
| | - Elena Bulmer
- Centre
for Sustainable Materials Processing, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Igor Efimov
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - Stephen Viles
- Centre
for Sustainable Materials Processing, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - A. Robert Hillman
- Centre
for Sustainable Materials Processing, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Christopher J. Zaleski
- Biotechnology
Group, School of Chemistry, University of
Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Karl S. Ryder
- Centre
for Sustainable Materials Processing, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
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6
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A high-performance Cu–Al dual-ion battery realized by high-concentration Cl− electrolyte and CuS cathode. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18714. [PMID: 36333515 PMCID: PMC9636194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a new Cu–Al dual-ion battery that aqueous solution composed of LiCl, CuCl and AlCl3 (LiCuAl) is used as the electrolyte, CuS is used as the cathode of aqueous aluminum ion battery for the first time and copper foil is used as the anode. The assembled Cu–Al dual-ion battery yields a reversible capacity of 538 mA h/g at 200 mA/g, and exhibits longterm cycling stability of over 200 cycles with 88.6% capacity retention at 1000 mA/g. Above excellent performance is inseparable from the three components of LiCuAl electrolyte and electrode materials. The Al-storage mechanism of CuS is proposed that the S–S bond in CuS lattice interacts with aluminum ions during the aluminum storage process. In addition, the charging and discharging process does not cause irreversible damage to the S–S bond, thus Cu–Al dual-ion battery with CuS as cathode shows great cycle stability.
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7
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Wang F, Jiang M, Zhao T, Meng P, Ren J, Yang Z, Zhang J, Fu C, Sun B. Atomically Dispersed Iron Active Sites Promoting Reversible Redox Kinetics and Suppressing Shuttle Effect in Aluminum-Sulfur Batteries. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:169. [PMID: 35987834 PMCID: PMC9392677 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable aluminum-sulfur (Al-S) batteries have been considered as a highly potential energy storage system owing to the high theoretical capacity, good safety, abundant natural reserves, and low cost of Al and S. However, the research progress of Al-S batteries is limited by the slow kinetics and shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides intermediates. Herein, an interconnected free-standing interlayer of iron single atoms supported on porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (FeSAs-NCF) on the separator is developed and used as both catalyst and chemical barrier for Al-S batteries. The atomically dispersed iron active sites (Fe-N4) are clearly identified by aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structure. The Al-S battery with the FeSAs-NCF shows an improved specific capacity of 780 mAh g-1 and enhanced cycle stability. As evidenced by experimental and theoretical results, the atomically dispersed iron active centers on the separator can chemically adsorb the polysulfides and accelerate reaction kinetics to inhibit the shuttle effect and promote the reversible conversion between aluminum polysulfides, thus improving the electrochemical performance of the Al-S battery. This work provides a new way that can not only promote the conversion of aluminum sulfides but also suppress the shuttle effect in Al-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianshuo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaopeng Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baode Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
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8
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Tsuda T, Sasaki J, Uemura Y, Kojima T, Senoh H, Kuwabata S. Aluminum metal anode rechargeable batteries with sulfur-carbon composite cathodes and inorganic chloroaluminate ionic liquid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:1518-1521. [PMID: 34935787 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Promising sulfurized polyethylene glycol (SPEG) composite cathodes with a high-rate capability over 3000 mA g-1 at 393 K are fabricated for Al metal anode rechargeable batteries with a 61.0-26.0-13.0 mol% AlCl3-NaCl-KCl inorganic ionic liquid electrolyte. The combination of the SPEG composite cathodes and chloroaluminate inorganic IL can readily enhance the performance of the Al-S batteries, e.g., discharge capacity and cycle stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Junya Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuya Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Toshikatsu Kojima
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Senoh
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuwabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. .,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Lucio AJ, Efimov I, Efimov ON, Zaleski CJ, Viles S, Ignatiuk BB, Abbott AP, Hillman AR, Ryder KS. Amidine-based ionic liquid analogues with AlCl 3: a credible new electrolyte for rechargeable Al batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9834-9837. [PMID: 34581320 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate the generation of novel ionic liquid analogue (ILA) electrolytes for aluminium (Al) electrodeposition that are based on salts of amidine Lewis bases. The electrolytes exhibit reversible voltammetric plating/stripping of Al, good ionic conductivities (10-14 mS cm-1), and relatively low viscosities (50-80 cP). The rheological properties are an improvement on analogous amide-based ILAs and make these liquids credible alternatives to ILAs based on urea or acetamide, or conventional chloroaluminate ionic liquids (IL) for Al battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Lucio
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Igor Efimov
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Oleg N Efimov
- Russian Acad. Sci., Inst. Prob. Chem. Phys., 1 Acad. Semenov Ave, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Christopher J Zaleski
- Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical & Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Stephen Viles
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Beata B Ignatiuk
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Andrew P Abbott
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - A Robert Hillman
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Karl S Ryder
- Materials Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
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11
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Kim J, Raj MR, Lee G. High-Defect-Density Graphite for Superior-Performance Aluminum-Ion Batteries with Ultra-Fast Charging and Stable Long Life. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:171. [PMID: 34370082 PMCID: PMC8353050 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) are a new generation of low-cost and large-scale electrical energy storage systems. However, AIBs suffer from a lack of reliable cathode materials with insufficient intercalation sites, poor ion-conducting channels, and poor diffusion dynamics of large chloroaluminate anions (AlCl4- and Al2Cl7-). To address these issues, surface-modified graphitic carbon materials [i.e., acid-treated expanded graphite (AEG) and base-etched graphite (BEG)] are developed as novel cathode materials for ultra-fast chargeable AIBs. AEG has more turbostratically ordered structure covered with abundant micro- to nano-sized pores on the surface structure and expanded interlayer distance (d002 = 0.3371 nm) realized by surface treatment of pristine graphite with acidic media, which can be accelerated the diffusion dynamics and efficient AlCl4- ions (de)-intercalation kinetics. The AIB system employing AEG exhibits a specific capacity of 88.6 mAh g-1 (4 A g-1) and ~ 80 mAh g-1 at an ultra-high current rate of 10 A g-1 (~ 99.1% over 10,000 cycles). BEG treated with KOH solution possesses the turbostratically disordered structure with high density of defective sites and largely expanded d-spacing (d002 = 0.3384 nm) for attracting and uptaking more AlCl4- ions with relatively shorter penetration depth. Impressively, the AIB system based on the BEG cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 110 mAh g-1 (4 A g-1) and ~ 91 mAh g-1 (~ 99.9% over 10,000 cycles at 10 A g-1). Moreover, the BEG cell has high energy and power densities of 247 Wh kg-1 and 44.5 kW kg-1. This performance is one of the best among the AIB graphitic carbon materials reported for chloroaluminate anions storage performance. This finding provides great significance for the further development of rechargeable AIBs with high energy, high power density, and exceptionally long life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Kim
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Ruby Raj
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibaek Lee
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Verma J, Kumar D. Metal-ion batteries for electric vehicles: current state of the technology, issues and future perspectives. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3384-3394. [PMID: 36133732 PMCID: PMC9417317 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00214g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The batteries based on metals-ions have the potential to meet the future needs of electric vehicle (EV) applications. This article reviews the key technological developments and scientific challenges of a broad range of Li-ion, Mg-ion and Al-ion batteries for electric vehicles. The fundamental configurations and corresponding reaction mechanisms of metal-ion strategies are tangibly discussed in this review article. After a brief revision of the fundamentals, the performance is analysed among Li-ion, Mg-ion and Al-ion battery technologies. The key parameters for the present compilation are the abundance, the volumetric capacity, the gravimetric capacity, the cycling life, cost and safety. Further, it summarizes the recycling methodologies, strengths and limitations of these batteries. Finally, future directions of all these batteries are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Verma
- Centre for Automotive Research and Tribology (CART), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi-110016 India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Centre for Automotive Research and Tribology (CART), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi-110016 India
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13
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Jach F, Wassner M, Bamberg M, Brendler E, Frisch G, Wunderwald U, Friedrich J. A Low‐Cost Al‐Graphite Battery with Urea and Acetamide‐Based Electrolytes. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Jach
- Abteilung Materialien Fraunhofer IISB Schottkystrasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Maximilian Wassner
- Abteilung Materialien Fraunhofer IISB Schottkystrasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Max Bamberg
- Abteilung Materialien Fraunhofer IISB Schottkystrasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Erica Brendler
- Institut für Analytische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Gero Frisch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Ulrike Wunderwald
- Abteilung Materialien Fraunhofer IISB Schottkystrasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jochen Friedrich
- Abteilung Materialien Fraunhofer IISB Schottkystrasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
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14
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Huo X, Zhang B, Li J, Wang X, Qin T, Zhang Y, Kang F. Two-Dimensional F-Ti 3C 2T x@Ag Composite for an Extraordinary Long Cycle Lifetime with High Specific Capacity in an Aluminum Battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:11822-11832. [PMID: 33662208 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
According to the current research, the graphene-like two-dimensional materials present excellent electrochemical performance in aluminum batteries. However, there is less research on emerging two-dimensional materials in aluminum batteries, and the energy storage mechanism is ambiguous. Herein, we modified the two-dimensional few layered Ti3C2Tx (F-Ti3C2Tx) with Ag+ and prepared a composite material F-Ti3C2Tx@Ag. The results of physical characterization show that Ag+ is reduced to Ag by Ti ions and is in situ grown on the surface and interlayer of F-Ti3C2Tx. More importantly, the electrochemical performance of the two-dimensional material F-Ti3C2Tx@Ag is studied in an aluminum battery and shows extraordinary long cycle lifetime with high specific capacity. The discharge specific capacity is about 150 mA h g-1 after 2000 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g-1. Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism of F-Ti3C2Tx@Ag in aluminum batteries is studied, which shows that it is mainly the intercalation/de-intercalation of [AlCl4]-, accompanied by a small amount of Al3+ intercalating/de-intercalating. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are carried out to study the interaction between MXene@Ag and [AlCl4]- and between MXene and [AlCl4]-. The results show that [AlCl4]- anions are easier to intercalate/de-intercalate between the layers of Ti3C2O2-Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogeng Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- Beijing Computing Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Te Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Chen CY, Tsuda T, Kuwabata S. Inorganic AlCl 3-alkali metal thiocyanate ionic liquids as electrolytes for electrochemical Al technologies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15297-15300. [PMID: 33188372 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of inorganic AlCl3-alkali metal thiocyanate (AMSCN: AM = Li, Na, K) ionic liquids (ILs) are demonstrated as electrolytes for Al electrodeposition and Al-anion rechargeable batteries (AARBs) at 303-363 K. Al deposits with a unique flake nanostructure are obtained in these electrolytes. The assembled AARBs show a stable cyclability over 250 cycles with a reversible capacity of ca. 70 mA h (g-graphite)-1 at 363 K. These inorganic ILs inherit the advantages of conventional chloroaluminate ILs (applicability at near-ambient temperature) and molten salts (cost effectiveness), making them promising electrolyte candidates for industrializable electrochemical Al technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yao Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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