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Gao S, Yu W, Tian T, Lu Z, Zhang X, Li Q, Chen Y. A morphological traits dataset of Heteroptera sampled in biodiversity priority areas of Southwest China. Sci Data 2024; 11:694. [PMID: 38926452 PMCID: PMC11208582 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional traits reveal the adaptive strategies of species to their environment, and are relevant to the formation of communities, the function of ecosystems, and the mechanisms underlying biodiversity. However, trait databases have not been established for most biological taxa, especially for insects, which encompass a vast number of species. This study measured the morphological traits of 307 species of Heteroptera insects collected in 2019 from the "Xishuangbanna Priority Conservation Area" in Southwest China using sweep netting and light trapping methods. This study provides a dataset for 307 Heteroptera species, comprising 34 morphometric measurements and 17 morphological traits. The dataset contains information on species sex, abundance, and the average, maximum, and minimum values of traits. This dataset facilitates an enhanced understanding of the functional traits and ecological associations of Heteroptera insects and offers opportunities for exploring a more diverse range of research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Gao
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Yunan Kunming, 650224, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yunnan Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Ting Tian
- Southwest Forestry University, Yunan Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Zhixing Lu
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Yunan Kunming, 650224, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yunnan Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Yunan Kunming, 650224, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yunnan Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Southwest Forestry University, Yunan Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Youqing Chen
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Yunan Kunming, 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yunnan Kunming, 650224, China.
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Strunov A, Schönherr C, Kapun M. Wolbachia effects on thermal preference of natural Drosophila melanogaster are influenced by host genetic background, Wolbachia type, and bacterial titer. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16579. [PMID: 38192184 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Temperature plays a fundamental role in the fitness of all organisms. In particular, it strongly affects metabolism and reproduction in ectotherms that have limited physiological capabilities to regulate their body temperature. The influence of temperature variation on the physiology and behaviour of ectotherms is well studied but we still know little about the influence of symbiotic interactions on thermal preference (Tp ) of the host. A growing number of studies focusing on the Wolbachia-Drosophila host-symbiont system found that Wolbachia can influence Tp in Drosophila laboratory strains. Here, we investigated the effect of Wolbachia on Tp in wild-type D. melanogaster flies recently collected from nature. Consistent with previous data, we found reduced Tp compared to an uninfected control in one of two fly strains infected with the wMelCS Wolbachia type. Additionally, we, for the first time, found that Wolbachia titer variation influences the thermal preference of the host fly. These data indicate that the interaction of Wolbachia and Drosophila resulting in behavioural variation is strongly influenced by the genetic background of the host and symbiont. More studies are needed to better understand the evolutionary significance of Tp variation influenced by Wolbachia in natural Drosophila populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Strunov
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charlotte Schönherr
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Kapun
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Central Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Horváth V, Guirao-Rico S, Salces-Ortiz J, Rech GE, Green L, Aprea E, Rodeghiero M, Anfora G, González J. Gene expression differences consistent with water loss reduction underlie desiccation tolerance of natural Drosophila populations. BMC Biol 2023; 21:35. [PMID: 36797754 PMCID: PMC9933328 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is one of the main factors shaping the distribution and biodiversity of organisms, among others by greatly altering water availability, thus exposing species and ecosystems to harsh desiccation conditions. However, most of the studies so far have focused on the effects of increased temperature. Integrating transcriptomics and physiology is key to advancing our knowledge on how species cope with desiccation stress, and these studies are still best accomplished in model organisms. RESULTS Here, we characterized the natural variation of European D. melanogaster populations across climate zones and found that strains from arid regions were similar or more tolerant to desiccation compared with strains from temperate regions. Tolerant and sensitive strains differed not only in their transcriptomic response to stress but also in their basal expression levels. We further showed that gene expression changes in tolerant strains correlated with their physiological response to desiccation stress and with their cuticular hydrocarbon composition, and functionally validated three of the candidate genes identified. Transposable elements, which are known to influence stress response across organisms, were not found to be enriched nearby differentially expressed genes. Finally, we identified several tRNA-derived small RNA fragments that differentially targeted genes in response to desiccation stress. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results showed that basal gene expression differences across individuals should be analyzed if we are to understand the genetic basis of differential stress survival. Moreover, tRNA-derived small RNA fragments appear to be relevant across stress responses and allow for the identification of stress-response genes not detected at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Horváth
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC, UPF, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Gabriel E Rech
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC, UPF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Llewellyn Green
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC, UPF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Aprea
- Agriculture Food Environment Centre (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele All'adige (TN), Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'adige (TN), Italy
| | - Mirco Rodeghiero
- Agriculture Food Environment Centre (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele All'adige (TN), Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'adige (TN), Italy
| | - Gianfranco Anfora
- Agriculture Food Environment Centre (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele All'adige (TN), Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'adige (TN), Italy
| | - Josefa González
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC, UPF, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mayekar HV, Ramkumar DK, Garg D, Nair A, Khandelwal A, Joshi K, Rajpurohit S. Clinal variation as a tool to understand climate change. Front Physiol 2022; 13:880728. [PMID: 36304576 PMCID: PMC9593049 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.880728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clines are observable gradients that reflect continuous change in biological traits of species across geographical ranges. Clinal gradients could vary at geographic scales (latitude and altitude). Since clinal variations represent active genomic responses at the population level they (clines) provide an immense power to address questions related to climatic change. With the fast pace of climate change i.e. warming, populations are also likely to exhibit rapid responses; at both the phenotypic and genotypic levels. We seek to understand how clinal variation could be used to anticipate climatic responses using Drosophila, a pervasively used inter-disciplinary model system owing to its molecular repertoire. The genomic information coupled with the phenotypic variation greatly facilitates our understanding of the Drosophilidae response to climate change. We discuss traits associated with clinal variation at the phenotypic level as well as their underlying genetic regulators. Given prevailing climatic conditions and future projections for climate change, clines could emerge as monitoring tools to track the cross-talk between climatic variables and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Subhash Rajpurohit
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, GJ, India
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Önder BŞ, Aksoy CF. Seasonal variation in wing size and shape of Drosophila melanogaster reveals rapid adaptation to environmental changes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14622. [PMID: 36028640 PMCID: PMC9418266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations in seasonal fluctuating environments receive multiple environmental cues and must deal with this heterogenic environment to survive and reproduce. An enlarged literature shows that this situation can be resolved through rapid adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster populations. Long-term monitoring of a population in its natural habitat and quantitative measurement of its responses to seasonal environmental changes are important for understanding the adaptive response of D. melanogaster to temporal variable selection. Here, we use inbred lines of a D. melanogaster population collected at monthly intervals between May to October over a temporal scale spanning three consecutive years to understand the variation in wing size and wing shape over these timepoints. The wing size and shape of this population changed significantly between months and a seasonal cycle of this traits is repeated for three years. Our results suggest that the effects of environmental variables that generated variation in body size between populations such as latitudinal clines, are a selective pressure in a different manner in terms of seasonal variation. Temperature related variable have a significant nonlinear relation to this fluctuating pattern in size and shape, whereas precipitation and humidity have a sex-specific effect which is more significant in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Şebnem Önder
- Genetic Variation and Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Cansu Fidan Aksoy
- Genetic Variation and Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Klepsatel P, Girish TN, Dircksen H, Gáliková M. Reproductive fitness of Drosophila is maximised by optimal developmental temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.202184. [PMID: 31064855 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Whether the character of developmental plasticity is adaptive or non-adaptive has often been a matter of controversy. Although thermal developmental plasticity has been studied in Drosophila for several traits, it is not entirely clear how it affects reproductive fitness. We, therefore, investigated how developmental temperature affects reproductive performance (early fecundity and egg-to-adult viability) of wild-caught Drosophila melanogaster We tested competing hypotheses on the character of developmental thermal plasticity using a full-factorial design with three developmental and adulthood temperatures within the natural thermal range of this species. To account for potential intraspecific differences, we examined flies from tropical (India) and temperate (Slovakia) climate zones. Our results show that flies from both populations raised at an intermediate developmental temperature (25°C) have comparable or higher early fecundity and fertility at all tested adulthood temperatures, while lower (17°C) or higher developmental temperatures (29°C) did not entail any advantage under the tested thermal regimes. Importantly, the superior thermal performance of flies raised at 25°C is apparent even after taking two traits positively associated with reproductive output into account: body size and ovariole number. Thus, in D. melanogaster, development at a given temperature does not necessarily provide any advantage in this thermal environment in terms of reproductive fitness. Our findings strongly support the optimal developmental temperature hypothesis, which states that in different thermal environments, the highest fitness is achieved when an organism is raised at its optimal developmental temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Klepsatel
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Heinrich Dircksen
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18B, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Gáliková
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18B, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Rajpurohit S, Gefen E, Bergland AO, Petrov DA, Gibbs AG, Schmidt P. Spatiotemporal dynamics and genome-wide association genome-wide association analysis of desiccation tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:3525-3540. [PMID: 30051644 PMCID: PMC6129450 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Water availability is a major environmental challenge to a variety of terrestrial organisms. In insects, desiccation tolerance varies predictably over spatial and temporal scales and is an important physiological determinant of fitness in natural populations. Here, we examine the dynamics of desiccation tolerance in North American populations of Drosophila melanogaster using: (a) natural populations sampled across latitudes and seasons; (b) experimental evolution in field mesocosms over seasonal time; (c) genome-wide associations to identify SNPs/genes associated with variation for desiccation tolerance; and (d) subsequent analysis of patterns of clinal/seasonal enrichment in existing pooled sequencing data of populations sampled in both North America and Australia. A cline in desiccation tolerance was observed, for which tolerance exhibited a positive association with latitude; tolerance also varied predictably with culture temperature, demonstrating a significant degree of thermal plasticity. Desiccation tolerance evolved rapidly in field mesocosms, although only males showed differences in desiccation tolerance between spring and autumn collections from natural populations. Water loss rates did not vary significantly among latitudinal or seasonal populations; however, changes in metabolic rates during prolonged exposure to dry conditions are consistent with increased tolerance in higher latitude populations. Genome-wide associations in a panel of inbred lines identified twenty-five SNPs in twenty-one loci associated with sex-averaged desiccation tolerance, but there is no robust signal of spatially varying selection on genes associated with desiccation tolerance. Together, our results suggest that desiccation tolerance is a complex and important fitness component that evolves rapidly and predictably in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Rajpurohit
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S. University Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eran Gefen
- Department of Biology, University of Haifa-Oranim, Tivon 36006, Israel
| | - Alan O. Bergland
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Dmitri A. Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Allen G. Gibbs
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Paul Schmidt
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S. University Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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