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Wu L, Liu Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Cao Y, Mao J, Song K. The Role of Gli1 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis of Craniofacial Bone. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1351. [PMID: 37759749 PMCID: PMC10526808 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a transcriptional activator of hedgehog (Hh) signaling that regulates target gene expression and several cellular biological processes. Cell lineage tracing techniques have highlighted Gli1 as an ideal marker for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Gli1+ MSCs are critical for the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone; however, the regulatory mechanism by which Gli1+ MSCs mediate the bone development and tissue regeneration of craniofacial bone has not been systematically outlined. This review comprehensively elucidates the specific roles of Gli1+ MSCs in craniofacial bone osteogenesis. In addition to governing craniofacial bone development, Gli1+ MSCs are associated with the tissue repair of craniofacial bone under pathological conditions. Gli1+ MSCs promote intramembranous and endochondral ossification of the craniofacial bones, and assist the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone by improving angiopoiesis. This review summarizes the novel role of Gli1+ MSCs in bone development and tissue repair in craniofacial bones, which offers new insights into bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
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2
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Du Y, Gupta P, Qin S, Sieber M. The role of metabolism in cellular quiescence. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260787. [PMID: 37589342 PMCID: PMC10445740 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a dormant, non-dividing cell state characterized by significant shifts in physiology and metabolism. Quiescence plays essential roles in a wide variety of biological processes, ranging from microbial sporulation to human reproduction and wound repair. Moreover, when the regulation of quiescence is disrupted, it can drive cancer growth and compromise tissue regeneration after injury. In this Review, we examine the dynamic changes in metabolism that drive and support dormant and transiently quiescent cells, including spores, oocytes and adult stem cells. We begin by defining quiescent cells and discussing their roles in key biological processes. We then examine metabolic factors that influence cellular quiescence in both healthy and disease contexts, and how these could be leveraged in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Du
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Parul Gupta
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shenlu Qin
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matthew Sieber
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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3
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Grande de França NA, Rolland Y, Guyonnet S, de Souto Barreto P. The role of dietary strategies in the modulation of hallmarks of aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101908. [PMID: 36905962 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The hallmarks of aging constitute an interconnected network of basic mechanisms that modulate aging and can be modulated by lifestyle factors, including dietary strategies. This narrative review aimed to summarize the evidence on promoting dietary restriction or adherence to specific dietary patterns on hallmarks of aging. Studies with preclinical models or humans were considered. Dietary restriction (DR), usually operationalized as a reduction in caloric intake, is the main strategy applied to study the axis diet-hallmarks of aging. DR has been shown to modulate mainly genomic instability, loss of proteostasis, deregulating nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, and altered intercellular communication. Much less evidence exists on the role of dietary patterns, with most of the studies evaluating the Mediterranean Diet and other similar plant-based diets, and the ketogenic diet. Potential benefits are described in genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered intercellular communication. Given the predominant place of food in human life, it is imperative to determine the impact of nutritional strategies on the modulation of lifespan and healthspan, considering applicability, long-term adherence, and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha A Grande de França
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France.
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; Maintain Aging Researchteam, CERPOP, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; Maintain Aging Researchteam, CERPOP, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; Maintain Aging Researchteam, CERPOP, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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4
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Hurvitz N, Elkhateeb N, Sigawi T, Rinsky-Halivni L, Ilan Y. Improving the effectiveness of anti-aging modalities by using the constrained disorder principle-based management algorithms. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:1044038. [PMID: 36589143 PMCID: PMC9795077 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.1044038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process with multifactorial nature underlined by genetic, environmental, and social factors. In the present paper, we review several mechanisms of aging and the pre-clinically and clinically studied anti-aging therapies. Variability characterizes biological processes from the genome to cellular organelles, biochemical processes, and whole organs' function. Aging is associated with alterations in the degrees of variability and complexity of systems. The constrained disorder principle defines living organisms based on their inherent disorder within arbitrary boundaries and defines aging as having a lower variability or moving outside the boundaries of variability. We focus on associations between variability and hallmarks of aging and discuss the roles of disorder and variability of systems in the pathogenesis of aging. The paper presents the concept of implementing the constrained disease principle-based second-generation artificial intelligence systems for improving anti-aging modalities. The platform uses constrained noise to enhance systems' efficiency and slow the aging process. Described is the potential use of second-generation artificial intelligence systems in patients with chronic disease and its implications for the aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Hurvitz
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Narmine Elkhateeb
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tal Sigawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lilah Rinsky-Halivni
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yaron Ilan
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel,*Correspondence: Yaron Ilan,
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5
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review available data on the relationship of MDS and aging and to address the question if biological changes of (premature) aging are a prerequisite for the development of MDS. RECENT FINDINGS Whereas the association of MDS with advanced age and some common biologic features of aging and MDS are well established, additional evidence for both, especially on the role of stem cells, the stem cell niche, and inflammation, has been recently described. Biologically, many but not all drivers of aging also play a role in the development and propagation of MDS and vice versa. As a consequence, aging contributes to the development of MDS which can be seen as an interplay of clonal disease and normal and premature aging. The impact of aging may be different in specific MDS subtypes and risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Heibl
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
- Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Reinhard Stauder
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Pfeilstöcker
- 3rd Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, H.Collinstr 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Wu S, Zhu W, Thompson P, Hannun YA. Evaluating intrinsic and non-intrinsic cancer risk factors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3490. [PMID: 30154431 PMCID: PMC6113228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discriminating the contribution of unmodifiable random intrinsic DNA replication errors ('bad luck') to cancer development from those of other factors is critical for understanding cancer in humans and for directing public resources aimed at reducing the burden of cancer. Here, we review and highlight the evidence that demonstrates cancer causation is multifactorial, and provide several important examples where modification of risk factors has achieved cancer prevention. Furthermore, we stress the need and opportunities to advance understanding of cancer aetiology through integration of interaction effects between risk factors when estimating the contribution of individual and joint factors to cancer burden in a population. We posit that non-intrinsic factors drive most cancer risk, and stress the need for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Centre, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Centre, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Patricia Thompson
- Stony Brook Cancer Centre, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Stony Brook Cancer Centre, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
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7
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Perridon BW, Leuvenink HGD, Hillebrands JL, van Goor H, Bos EM. The role of hydrogen sulfide in aging and age-related pathologies. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2264-2289. [PMID: 27683311 PMCID: PMC5115888 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
When humans grow older, they experience inevitable and progressive loss of physiological function, ultimately leading to death. Research on aging largely focuses on the identification of mechanisms involved in the aging process. Several proposed aging theories were recently combined as the 'hallmarks of aging'. These hallmarks describe (patho-)physiological processes that together, when disrupted, determine the aging phenotype. Sustaining evidence shows a potential role for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the regulation of aging. Nowadays, H2S is acknowledged as an endogenously produced signaling molecule with various (patho-) physiological effects. H2S is involved in several diseases including pathologies related to aging. In this review, the known, assumed and hypothetical effects of hydrogen sulfide on the aging process will be discussed by reviewing its actions on the hallmarks of aging and on several age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard W Perridon
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eelke M Bos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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8
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He S, Sharpless NE. Senescence in Health and Disease. Cell 2017; 169:1000-1011. [PMID: 28575665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1082] [Impact Index Per Article: 154.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many cellular stresses activate senescence, a persistent hyporeplicative state characterized in part by expression of the p16INK4a cell-cycle inhibitor. Senescent cell production occurs throughout life and plays beneficial roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes including embryogenesis, wound healing, host immunity, and tumor suppression. Meanwhile, the steady accumulation of senescent cells with age also has adverse consequences. These non-proliferating cells occupy key cellular niches and elaborate pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributing to aging-related diseases and morbidity. This model suggests that the abundance of senescent cells in vivo predicts "molecular," as opposed to chronologic, age and that senescent cell clearance may mitigate aging-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui He
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA; The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA
| | - Norman E Sharpless
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA; The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA.
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9
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Sensitivity of GBM cells to cAMP agonist-mediated apoptosis correlates with CD44 expression and agonist resistance with MAPK signaling. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2494. [PMID: 27906173 PMCID: PMC5261024 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In some cell types, activation of the second messenger cAMP leads to increased expression of proapoptotic Bim and subsequent cell death. We demonstrate that suppression of the cAMP pathway is a common event across many cancers and that pharmacological activation of cAMP in glioblastoma (GBM) cells leads to enhanced BIM expression and apoptosis in specific GBM cell types. We identified the MAPK signaling axis as the determinant of cAMP agonist sensitivity in GBM cells, with high MAPK activity corresponding to cAMP resistance and low activity corresponding to sensitization to cAMP-induced apoptosis. Sensitive cells were efficiently killed by cAMP agonists alone, while targeting both the cAMP and MAPK pathways in resistant GBM cells resulted in efficient apoptosis. We also show that CD44 is differentially expressed in cAMP agonist-sensitive and -resistant cells. We thus propose that CD44 may be a useful biomarker for distinguishing tumors that may be sensitive to cAMP agonists alone or cAMP agonists in combination with other pathway inhibitors. This suggests that using existing chemotherapeutic compounds in combination with existing FDA-approved cAMP agonists may fast track trials toward improved therapies for difficult-to-treat cancers, such as GBM.
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10
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Shea-Donohue T, Fasano A, Zhao A, Notari L, Yan S, Sun R, Bohl JA, Desai N, Tudor G, Morimoto M, Booth C, Bennett A, Farese AM, MacVittie TJ. Mechanisms Involved in the Development of the Chronic Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Nonhuman Primates after Total-Body Irradiation with Bone Marrow Shielding. Radiat Res 2016; 185:591-603. [PMID: 27223826 DOI: 10.1667/rr14024.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, nonhuman primates (NHPs) exposed to lethal doses of total body irradiation (TBI) within the gastrointestinal (GI) acute radiation syndrome range, sparing ∼5% of bone marrow (TBI-BM5), were used to evaluate the mechanisms involved in development of the chronic GI syndrome. TBI increased mucosal permeability in the jejunum (12-14 Gy) and proximal colon (13-14 Gy). TBI-BM5 also impaired mucosal barrier function at doses ranging from 10-12.5 Gy in both small intestine and colon. Timed necropsies of NHPs at 6-180 days after 10 Gy TBI-BM5 showed that changes in small intestine preceded those in the colon. Chronic GI syndrome in NHPs is characterized by continued weight loss and intermittent GI syndrome symptoms. There was a long-lasting decrease in jejunal glucose absorption coincident with reduced expression of the sodium-linked glucose transporter. The small intestine and colon showed a modest upregulation of several different pro-inflammatory mediators such as NOS-2. The persistent inflammation in the post-TBI-BM5 period was associated with a long-lasting impairment of mucosal restitution and a reduced expression of intestinal and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Mucosal healing in the postirradiation period is dependent on sparing of stem cell crypts and maturation of crypt cells into appropriate phenotypes. At 30 days after 10 Gy TBI-BM5, there was a significant downregulation in the gene and protein expression of the stem cell marker Lgr5 but no change in the gene expression of enterocyte or enteroendocrine lineage markers. These data indicate that even a threshold dose of 10 Gy TBI-BM5 induces a persistent impairment of both mucosal barrier function and restitution in the GI tract and that ALP may serve as a biomarker for these events. These findings have important therapeutic implications for the design of medical countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terez Shea-Donohue
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,b Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alessio Fasano
- c Massachusetts General Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aiping Zhao
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,b Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Luigi Notari
- b Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shu Yan
- b Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rex Sun
- b Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer A Bohl
- b Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Neemesh Desai
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Greg Tudor
- d Epistem Ltd., Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Motoko Morimoto
- e School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Studies, Miyagi University, Japan
| | | | - Alexander Bennett
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ann M Farese
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas J MacVittie
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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12
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Abstract
Ageing is the main risk factor for major non-communicable chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, most forms of lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. While the prevalence of these diseases continually increases with age, their respective incidence peaks at different times during the lifespan, suggesting specific effects of ageing on the onset and/or pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Recently, the nine hallmarks of ageing have been defined as cell-autonomous and non-autonomous pathways involved in ageing. Here, we review the available evidence for the involvement of each of these hallmarks in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Importantly, we propose an additional hallmark, “dysregulation of the extracellular matrix”, which we argue acts as a crucial modifier of cell-autonomous changes and functions, and as a key feature of the above-mentioned lung diseases.
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13
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Parfitt GJ, Xie Y, Geyfman M, Brown DJ, Jester JV. Absence of ductal hyper-keratinization in mouse age-related meibomian gland dysfunction (ARMGD). Aging (Albany NY) 2014; 5:825-34. [PMID: 24259272 PMCID: PMC3868725 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is frequent with aging and is the primary cause of dry eye disease, the most prevalent ocular complaint. We used a novel 3-D reconstruction technique, immunofluorescent computed tomography (ICT), to characterize meibomian gland keratinization and cell proliferation in a mouse model of age-related meibomian gland dysfunction (ARMGD). To visualize the changes associated with ARMGD, 5-month and 2-year old mouse eyelids were 3-D reconstructed by ICT using antibodies to cytokeratin (CK) 1, 5 and 6 and the proliferation marker Ki67. We quantified total gland, ductal and lipid volume from the reconstructions, observing a dramatic decrease in old glands. In young glands, proliferative ductules suggest a potential site of acinar progenitors that were found to be largely absent in aged, atrophic glands. In the aged mouse, we observed an anterior migration of the mucocutaneous junction (MCJ) and an absence of hyper-keratinization with meibomian gland atrophy. Thus, we propose that changes in the MCJ and glandular atrophy through a loss of meibocyte progenitors are most likely responsible for ARMGD and not ductal hyper-keratinization and gland obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraint J Parfitt
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4390, USA
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14
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Farrell TL, McGuire TR, Bilek LD, Brusnahan SK, Jackson JD, Lane JT, Garvin KL, O'Kane BJ, Berger AM, Tuljapurkar SR, Kessinger MA, Sharp JG. Changes in the frequencies of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with age and site. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:146-54. [PMID: 24246745 PMCID: PMC3944726 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study enumerated CD45(hi)/CD34(+) and CD45(hi)/CD133(+) human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (GM-CFCs) in blood and trochanteric and femoral bone marrow in 233 individuals. Stem cell frequencies were determined with multiparameter flow cytometry and using an internal control to determine the intrinsic variance of the assays. Progenitor cell frequency was determined using a standard colony assay technique. The frequency of outliers from undetermined methodological causes was highest for blood, but less than 5% for all values. The frequency of CD45(hi)/CD133(+) cells correlated highly with the frequency of CD45(hi)/CD34(+) cells in trochanteric and femoral bone marrow. The frequency of these HSC populations in trochanteric and femoral bone marrow rose significantly with age. In contrast, there was no significant trend of either of these cell populations with age in the blood. Trochanteric marrow progenitor GM-CFCs showed no significant trends with age, but femoral marrow GM-CFCs trended downward with age, potentially because of the reported conversion of red marrow at this site to fat with age. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells exhibited changes in frequencies with age that differed between blood and bone marrow. We previously reported that side population (SP) multipotential HSC, which includes the precursors of CD45(hi)/CD133(+) and CD45(hi)/CD34(+), decline with age. Potentially the increases in stem cell frequencies in the intermediate compartment between SP and GM progenitor cells observed in this study represent a compensatory increase for the loss of more potent members of the HSC hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Farrell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Timothy R McGuire
- Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Laura D Bilek
- School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Susan K Brusnahan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John D Jackson
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Judy T Lane
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kevin L Garvin
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Ann M Berger
- Adult Health and Illness, College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sonal R Tuljapurkar
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - M Anne Kessinger
- Internal Medicine Oncology/Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John Graham Sharp
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Yoshida GJ, Saya H. Inversed relationship between CD44 variant and c-Myc due to oxidative stress-induced canonical Wnt activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 443:622-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Klos KS, Kim S, Alexander CM. Genotoxic exposure during juvenile growth of mammary gland depletes stem cell activity and inhibits Wnt signaling. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185480 PMCID: PMC3503807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Various types of somatic stem cell have been tested for their response to genotoxic exposure, since these cells are likely to be important to regeneration, aging and cancer. In this study, we evaluated the response of mammary stem cells to genotoxic exposure during ductal growth in juveniles. Exposure to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (DMBA; 7,12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene) had no gross effect on outgrowth and morphogenesis of the ductal tree, or upon lobuloalveolar growth during pregnancy. However, by fat pad assay, we found that mammary stem cell activity was reduced by 80% in glands from adults that were exposed to genotoxins as juveniles. The associated basal cell lineage was depleted. Both basal and luminal cells showed a robust response to genotoxic exposure (including γH2AX phosphorylation, pS15p53 and pT68Chk2), with durable hyperproliferation, but little cytotoxicity. Since the phenotype of these glands (low basal cell fraction, low stem cell activity) phenocopies mammary glands with loss of function for Wnt signaling, we measured Wnt signaling in genotoxin-exposed glands, and found a durable reduction in the activation of the canonical signaling Wnt receptors, Lrp5/6. Furthermore, when mammary epithelial cells were treated with Wnt3a, DMBA exposure reduced the basal cell population and Lrp activation was ablated. We conclude that during active ductal growth, Wnt-dependent mammary stem cells are sensitized to cell death by genotoxin exposure. Our conclusion may be important for other tissues, since all solid tumor stem cell activities have been shown to be Wnt-dependent to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine S. Klos
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Soyoung Kim
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Caroline M. Alexander
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Adam AC, Faudou V, Paschen SA, Adam OM, Kahl P, Drebber U, Fischer HP, Büttner R. Hepatocarcinogenesis in non-cirrhotic liver is associated with a reduced number of clonal hepatocellular patches in non-tumorous liver parenchyma. J Pathol 2012; 228:333-40. [PMID: 22685011 DOI: 10.1002/path.4060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated circumscribed cell proliferations in healthy livers in comparison to non-cirrhotic livers bearing hepatocellular carcinoma. Using histochemical staining for cytochrome c oxidase, the fourth complex of the respiratory chain, we visualized patch-forming descendents of regeneratively active liver cells. The clonal nature of these patches was verified by laser-capture microdissection and Sanger sequencing of the enzyme's core subunits in patches carrying marker mutations on the mtDNA. We demonstrate a highly significant increase of the patch size and also a highly significant increase in the number of patches carrying marker mutations between hepatocellular carcinoma-free and -bearing livers. Thus, the carcinoma-bearing livers accumulated more genetic damage on mtDNA than the control group. Furthermore, for the first time, we present evidence in hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing non-cirrhotic livers of a significantly reduced pool of regeneratively active liver cells that are genetically and functionally altered. The analogy to ageing-related changes is suggestive of premature ageing of stem cells in non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing liver as an early step to hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Price NL, Gomes AP, Ling AJ, Duarte FV, Martin-Montalvo A, North BJ, Agarwal B, Ye L, Ramadori G, Teodoro JS, Hubbard BP, Varela AT, Davis JG, Varamini B, Hafner A, Moaddel R, Rolo AP, Coppari R, Palmeira CM, de Cabo R, Baur JA, Sinclair DA. SIRT1 is required for AMPK activation and the beneficial effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial function. Cell Metab 2012; 15:675-90. [PMID: 22560220 PMCID: PMC3545644 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1155] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol induces mitochondrial biogenesis and protects against metabolic decline, but whether SIRT1 mediates these benefits is the subject of debate. To circumvent the developmental defects of germline SIRT1 knockouts, we have developed an inducible system that permits whole-body deletion of SIRT1 in adult mice. Mice treated with a moderate dose of resveratrol showed increased mitochondrial biogenesis and function, AMPK activation, and increased NAD(+) levels in skeletal muscle, whereas SIRT1 knockouts displayed none of these benefits. A mouse overexpressing SIRT1 mimicked these effects. A high dose of resveratrol activated AMPK in a SIRT1-independent manner, demonstrating that resveratrol dosage is a critical factor. Importantly, at both doses of resveratrol no improvements in mitochondrial function were observed in animals lacking SIRT1. Together these data indicate that SIRT1 plays an essential role in the ability of moderate doses of resveratrol to stimulate AMPK and improve mitochondrial function both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L. Price
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Ana P. Gomes
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alvin J.Y. Ling
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Filipe V. Duarte
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alejandro Martin-Montalvo
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Brian J. North
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Beamon Agarwal
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lan Ye
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Giorgio Ramadori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joao S. Teodoro
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Basil P. Hubbard
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Ana T. Varela
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - James G. Davis
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Behzad Varamini
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Angela Hafner
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Anabela P. Rolo
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro Portugal
| | - Roberto Coppari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Universita’ Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Carlos M. Palmeira
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Joseph A. Baur
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Glenn Labs for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
- Corresponding author: David A. Sinclair ()
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Galle J, Hoffmann M, Krinner A. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Heterogeneity and Ageing In Vitro: A Model Approach. COMPUTATIONAL MODELING IN TISSUE ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/8415_2012_116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Alt EU, Senst C, Murthy SN, Slakey DP, Dupin CL, Chaffin AE, Kadowitz PJ, Izadpanah R. Aging alters tissue resident mesenchymal stem cell properties. Stem Cell Res 2011; 8:215-25. [PMID: 22265741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to participate in tissue regeneration that follows cell turnover, apoptosis, or necrosis. It has been long known that aging impedes an organism's repair/regeneration capabilities. In order to study the age associated changes, the molecular characteristics of adipose tissue derived MSCs (ASCs) from three age groups of healthy volunteers, i.e., young, middle aged, and aged were investigated. The number and multilineage differentiation potential of ASCs declined with age. Aging reduces the proliferative capacity along with increases in cellular senescence. A significant increase in quiescence of G2 and S phase was observed in ASCs from aged donors. The expression of genes related to senescence such as CHEK1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(ink4a) was increased with age, however genes of apoptosis were downregulated. Further, an age-dependent abnormality in the expression of DNA break repair genes was observed. Global microRNA analysis revealed an abnormal expression of mir-27b, mir-106a, mir-199a, and let-7. In ubiquitously distributed adipose tissue (and ASCs), aging brings about important alterations, which might be critical for tissue regeneration and homeostasis. Our findings therefore provide a better understanding of the mechanism(s) involved in stem cell aging and regenerative potential, and this in turn may affect tissue repair that declines with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eckhard U Alt
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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21
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Bebee TW, Gladman JT, Chandler DS. Generation of a tamoxifen inducible SMN mouse for temporal SMN replacement. Genesis 2011; 49:927-34. [PMID: 21538807 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by low levels of the SMN protein, encoded by the Survival Motor Neuron genes (SMN1 and SMN2). Mouse models of SMA can be rescued by increased SMN expression, but the timing of SMN replacement for complete rescue is unknown. Studies in zebrafish predict restoration of SMN function during embryogenesis may be important for axonal pathfinding, while the mouse models and normal human disease progression suggest that post-natal treatment may be sufficient for amelioration of disease. To evaluate the timing for SMN replacement, we have generated a stably integrated Cre-inducible SMN mouse in which expression of full-length SMN2 occurs after tamoxifen administration. Our temporally inducible SMN transgene is able to express SMN in embryonic, neonatal, and weanling mice and as such can be utilized in severe and mild SMA mouse models to identify the therapeutic window for SMN replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Bebee
- The Center for Childhood Cancer, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
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22
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BMI1 confers radioresistance to normal and cancerous neural stem cells through recruitment of the DNA damage response machinery. J Neurosci 2010; 30:10096-111. [PMID: 20668194 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1634-10.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that is resistant to all known therapies. Within these tumors, a CD133-positive cancer-initiating neural stem cell (NSC) population was shown to be resistant to gamma radiation through preferential activation of the DNA double-strand break (DSB) response machinery, including the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase. The polycomb group protein BMI1 is enriched in CD133-positive GBM cells and required for their self-renewal in an INK4A/ARF-independent manner through transcriptional repression of alternate tumor suppressor pathways. We report here that BMI1 copurifies with DNA DSB response and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair proteins in GBM cells. BMI1 was enriched at the chromatin after irradiation and colocalized and copurified with ATM and the histone gammaH2AX. BMI1 also preferentially copurified with NHEJ proteins DNA-PK, PARP-1, hnRNP U, and histone H1 in CD133-positive GBM cells. BMI1 deficiency in GBM cells severely impaired DNA DSB response, resulting in increased sensitivity to radiation. In turn, BMI1 overexpression in normal NSCs enhanced ATM recruitment to the chromatin, the rate of gammaH2AX foci resolution, and resistance to radiation. BMI1 thus displays a previously uncharacterized function in controlling DNA DSB response and repair. Pharmacological inhibition of BMI1 combined with radiation therapy may provide an effective mean to target GBM stem cells.
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Badders NM, Goel S, Clark RJ, Klos KS, Kim S, Bafico A, Lindvall C, Williams BO, Alexander CM. The Wnt receptor, Lrp5, is expressed by mouse mammary stem cells and is required to maintain the basal lineage. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6594. [PMID: 19672307 PMCID: PMC2720450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic Wnt signaling induces increased stem/progenitor cell activity in the mouse mammary gland, followed by tumor development. The Wnt signaling receptors, Lrp5/6, are uniquely required for canonical Wnt activity. Previous data has shown that the absence of Lrp5 confers resistance to Wnt1-induced tumor development. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we show that all basal mammary cells express Lrp5, and co-express Lrp6 in a similar fashion. Though Wnt dependent transcription of key target genes is relatively unchanged in mammary epithelial cell cultures, the absence of Lrp5 specifically depletes adult regenerative stem cell activity (to less than 1%). Stem cell activity can be enriched by >200 fold (over 80% of activity), based on high Lrp5 expression alone. Though Lrp5 null glands have apparent normal function, the basal lineage is relatively reduced (from 42% basal/total epithelial cells to 22%) and Lrp5-/- mammary epithelial cells show enhanced expression of senescence-associated markers in vitro, as measured by expression of p16(Ink4a) and TA-p63. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This is the first single biomarker that has been demonstrated to be functionally involved in stem cell maintenance. Together, these results demonstrate that Wnt signaling through Lrp5 is an important component of normal mammary stem cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha M. Badders
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shruti Goel
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Rod J. Clark
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kristine S. Klos
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Soyoung Kim
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Anna Bafico
- Department of Pathology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotta Lindvall
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Carcinogenesis, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bart O. Williams
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Carcinogenesis, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Caroline M. Alexander
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Burton DGA. Cellular senescence, ageing and disease. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2009; 31:1-9. [PMID: 19234764 PMCID: PMC2645988 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-008-9075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the irreversible growth arrest of individual mitotic cells, which as a consequence display a radically altered phenotype that is thought to impair tissue function and predispose tissues to disease development and/or progression as they gradually accumulate. However, in the past, research into mechanisms of ageing has commonly been researched and treated separately from disease development. This may partly be due to the lack of understanding concerning mechanisms of ageing and the difficulty in implementing what was known into models of disease development. Only in the last 10 years, with increasing knowledge of the senescent phenotype and the ability to detect senescent cells in human tissues, have biologists been able to investigate the relationship between cellular senescence and disease. This review therefore brings together and discusses recent findings which suggest that cellular senescence does contribute to ageing and the development/progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G A Burton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Cockcroft Building, University of Brighton, Brighton, East Sussex, BN2 4GJ, UK.
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25
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Nehlin JO, Barington T. Strategies for future histocompatible stem cell therapy. Biogerontology 2009; 10:339-76. [PMID: 19219637 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-009-9213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy based on the safe and unlimited self-renewal of human pluripotent stem cells is envisioned for future use in tissue or organ replacement after injury or disease. A gradual decline of regenerative capacity has been documented among the adult stem cell population in some body organs during the aging process. Recent progress in human somatic cell nuclear transfer and inducible pluripotent stem cell technologies has shown that patient-derived nuclei or somatic cells can be reprogrammed in vitro to become pluripotent stem cells, from which the three germ layer lineages can be generated, genetically identical to the recipient. Once differentiation protocols and culture conditions can be defined and optimized, patient-histocompatible pluripotent stem cells could be directed towards virtually every cell type in the human body. Harnessing this capability to enrich for given cells within a developmental lineage, would facilitate the transplantation of organ/tissue-specific adult stem cells or terminally differentiated somatic cells to improve the function of diseased organs or tissues in an individual. Here, we present an overview of various experimental cell therapy technologies based on the use of patient-histocompatible stem cells, the pending issues needed to be dealt with before clinical trials can be initiated, evidence for the loss and/or aging of the stem cell pool and some of the possible uses of human pluripotent stem cell-derivatives aimed at curing disease and improving health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan O Nehlin
- Center for Stem Cell Treatment, Department of Clinical Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
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26
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Kretlow JD, Jin YQ, Liu W, Zhang WJ, Hong TH, Zhou G, Baggett LS, Mikos AG, Cao Y. Donor age and cell passage affects differentiation potential of murine bone marrow-derived stem cells. BMC Cell Biol 2008; 9:60. [PMID: 18957087 PMCID: PMC2584028 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-9-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a widely researched adult stem cell population capable of differentiation into various lineages. Because many promising applications of tissue engineering require cell expansion following harvest and involve the treatment of diseases and conditions found in an aging population, the effect of donor age and ex vivo handling must be understood in order to develop clinical techniques and therapeutics based on these cells. Furthermore, there currently exists little understanding as to how these two factors may be influenced by one another. RESULTS Differences in the adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation capacity of murine MSCs harvested from donor animals of different age and number of passages of these cells were observed. Cells from younger donors adhered to tissue culture polystyrene better and proliferated in greater number than those from older animals. Chondrogenic and osteogenic potential decreased with age for each group, and adipogenic differentiation decreased only in cells from the oldest donors. Significant decreases in differentiation potentials due to passage were observed as well for osteogenesis of BMSCs from the youngest donors and chondrogenesis of the cells from the oldest donors. CONCLUSION Both increasing age and the number of passages have lineage dependent effects on BMSC differentiation potential. Furthermore, there is an obvious interplay between donor age and cell passage that in the future must be accounted for when developing cell-based therapies for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Kretlow
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, PO Box 1892, MS-142, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA.
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Ward KN, Coleman JL, Clinnin K, Fahrbach S, Rueppell O. Age, caste, and behavior determine the replicative activity of intestinal stem cells in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). Exp Gerontol 2008; 43:530-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Revised: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pereira S, Bourgeois P, Navarro C, Esteves-Vieira V, Cau P, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Lévy N. HGPS and related premature aging disorders: from genomic identification to the first therapeutic approaches. Mech Ageing Dev 2008; 129:449-59. [PMID: 18513784 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Revised: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 04/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Progeroid syndromes are heritable human disorders displaying features that recall premature ageing. In these syndromes, premature aging is defined as "segmental" since only some of its features are accelerated. A number of cellular biological pathways have been linked to aging, including regulation of the insulin/growth hormone axis, pathways involving ROS metabolism, caloric restriction, and DNA repair. The number of identified genes associated with progeroid syndromes has increased in recent years, possibly shedding light as well on mechanisms underlying ageing in general. Among these, premature aging syndromes related to alterations of the LMNA gene have recently been identified. This review focuses on Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome and Restrictive Dermopathy, two well-characterized Lamin-associated premature aging syndromes, pointing out the current knowledge concerning their pathophysiology and the development of possible therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Pereira
- INSERM U910, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, France
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Vijg J. The role of DNA damage and repair in aging: new approaches to an old problem. Mech Ageing Dev 2008; 129:498-502. [PMID: 18394680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage and mutations have been implicated as key causal events in the biological process of aging. In this context, it has been hypothesized that the complex of genome maintenance systems acts as a longevity assurance system by signaling and repairing damage or removing cells that are beyond repair. In the past, various approaches have been taken to clarify the importance of preserving genome integrity for healthy aging. Here I will briefly review these approaches in the context of the progress made in improving our understanding of the interrelationship between DNA damage, genome maintenance and mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vijg
- Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA.
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