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Retraction Note to: Epigenetic regulation of HGF/Met receptor axis is critical for the outgrowth of bone metastasis from breast carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:542. [PMID: 35680840 PMCID: PMC9184600 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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2
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Nagel A, Popeda M, Muchlinska A, Sadej R, Szade J, Zielinski J, Skokowski J, Niemira M, Kretowski A, Markiewicz A, Zaczek AJ. ERα36-High Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as an Unfavorable Factor in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082005. [PMID: 35454913 PMCID: PMC9024776 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant cell type in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ERα36), the alternatively spliced variant of ERα, is described as an unfavorable factor when expressed in cancer cells. ERα can be expressed also in CAFs; however, the role of ERα36 in CAFs is unknown. Methods: Four CAF cultures were isolated from chemotherapy-naïve BC patients and characterized for ERα36 expression and the NanoString gene expression panel using isolated RNA. Conditioned media from CAF cultures were used to assess the influence of CAFs on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells using a matrigel 3D culture assay. Results: We found that ERα36high CAFs significantly induced the branching of TNBC cells in vitro (p < 0.001). They also produced a set of pro-tumorigenic cytokines compared to ERα36low CAFs, among which hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was the main inducer of TNBC cell invasive phenotype in vitro (p < 0.001). Tumor stroma rich in ERα36high CAFs was correlated with high Ki67 expression (p = 0.041) and tumor-associated macrophages markers (CD68 and CD163, p = 0.041 for both). HGF was found to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in TCGA database analysis (p = 0.03 for DFS and p = 0.04 for OS). Conclusions: Breast cancer-associated fibroblasts represent distinct subtypes based on ERα36 expression. We propose that ERα36high CAFs could account for an unfavorable prognosis for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nagel
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Marta Popeda
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Muchlinska
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Szade
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jacek Zielinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jaroslaw Skokowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.S.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics-Biobank Fahrenheit BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki Street 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15–276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15–276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna J. Zaczek
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48–58-349–14-38
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Xiao Y, Wang J, Zhao LY, Chen X, Zheng G, Zhang X, Liao D. Discovery of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-specific PROTACs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9866-9869. [PMID: 32840532 PMCID: PMC7654701 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03243c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are validated drug targets for cancer treatment. Increased HDAC isozyme selectivity and novel strategies to inhibit HDAC activity could lead to safer and more effective drug candidates. Nonetheless, it is quite challenging to develop isozyme-specific HDACi due to the highly conserved catalytic domain. We discovered XZ9002, a first-in-class HDAC3-specific PROTAC that potently degraded HDAC3. Importantly, XZ9002 is more effective to inhibit cancer cell proliferation than its proteolysis-inactive counterpart, suggesting HDAC3 degradation is a novel and promising anticancer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. and Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinses Medicine, Beijing, China and Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lisa Y Zhao
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinses Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Daiqing Liao
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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4
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Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Desiderio MA. Retraction Note: HGF and TGFβ1 differently influenced Wwox regulatory function on Twist program for mesenchymal-epithelial transition in bone metastatic versus parental breast carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:126. [PMID: 32799870 PMCID: PMC7429703 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Nguyen KTP, Druhan LJ, Avalos BR, Zhai L, Rauova L, Nesmelova IV, Dréau D. CXCL12-CXCL4 heterodimerization prevents CXCL12-driven breast cancer cell migration. Cell Signal 2019; 66:109488. [PMID: 31785332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in cancer early detection and treatment, metastatic breast cancer remains deadly. Current therapeutic approaches have very limited efficacy in patients with triple negative breast cancer. Among the many mechanisms associated that contribute to cancer progression, signaling through the CXCL12-CXCR4 is an essential step in cancer cell migration. We previously demonstrated the formation of CXCL12-CXCL4 heterodimers (Carlson et al., 2013). Here, we investigated whether CXCL12-CXCL4 heterodimers alter tumor cell migration. CXCL12 alone dose-dependently promoted the MDA-MB 231 cell migration (p < .05), which could be prevented by blocking the CXCR4 receptor. The addition of CXCL4 inhibited the CXCL12-induced cell migration (p < .05). Using NMR spectroscopy, we identified the CXCL4-CXCL12 binding interface. Moreover, we generated a CXCL4-derived peptide homolog of the binding interface that mimicked the activity of native CXCL4 protein. These results confirm the formation of CXCL12-CXCL4 heterodimers and their inhibitory effects on the migration of breast tumors cells. These findings suggest that specific peptides mimicking heterodimerization of CXCL12 might prevent breast cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh T P Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Lawrence J Druhan
- Department of Hematologic Oncology & Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, United States of America; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Belinda R Avalos
- Department of Hematologic Oncology & Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, United States of America; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Lubica Rauova
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Irina V Nesmelova
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America; Department of Physics and Optical Science, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Didier Dréau
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States of America.
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Zhou W, Guo S, Liu M, Burow ME, Wang G. Targeting CXCL12/CXCR4 Axis in Tumor Immunotherapy. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3026-3041. [PMID: 28875842 PMCID: PMC5949083 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170830111531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines, which have chemotactic abilities, are comprised of a family of small cytokines with 8-10 kilodaltons. Chemokines work in immune cells by trafficking and regulating cell proliferation, migration, activation, differentiation, and homing. CXCR-4 is an alpha-chemokine receptor specific for stromal-derived-factor-1 (SDF-1, also known as CXCL12), which has been found to be expressed in more than 23 different types of cancers. Recently, the SDF-1/CXCR-4 signaling pathway has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for human tumor because of its critical role in tumor initiation and progression by activating multiple signaling pathways, such as ERK1/2, ras, p38 MAPK, PLC/ MAPK, and SAPK/ JNK, as well as regulating cancer stem cells. CXCL12/CXCR4 antagonists have been produced, which have shown encouraging results in anti-cancer activity. Here, we provide a brief overview of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis as a molecular target for cancer treatment. We also review the potential utility of targeting CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in combination of immunotherapy and/or chemotherapy based on up-to-date literature and ongoing research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No.146 North Huanghe St, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110034, P. R. China
| | - Shanchun Guo
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Mingli Liu
- Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Matthew E. Burow
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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Matteucci E, Maroni P, Nicassio F, Ghini F, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. Microenvironment Stimuli HGF and Hypoxia Differently Affected miR-125b and Ets-1 Function with Opposite Effects on the Invasiveness of Bone Metastatic Cells: A Comparison with Breast Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010258. [PMID: 29337876 PMCID: PMC5796204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the influence of microenvironment stimuli on molecular events relevant to the biological functions of 1833-bone metastatic clone and the parental MDA-MB231 cells. (i) In both the cell lines, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the osteoblasts' biological products down regulated nuclear Ets-1-protein level in concomitance with endogenous miR-125b accumulation. In contrast, under hypoxia nuclear Ets-1 was unchanged, notwithstanding the miR-125b increase. (ii) Also, the 1833-cell invasiveness and the expression of Endothelin-1, the target gene of Ets-1/HIF-1, showed opposite patterns under HGF and hypoxia. We clarified the molecular mechanism(s) reproducing the high miR-125b levels with the mimic in 1833 cells. Under hypoxia, the miR-125b mimic maintained a basal level and functional Ets-1 protein, as testified by the elevated cell invasiveness. However, under HGF ectopic miR-125b downregulated Ets-1 protein and cell motility, likely involving an Ets-1-dominant negative form sensible to serum conditions; Ets-1-activity inhibition by HGF implicated HIF-1α accumulation, which drugged Ets-1 in the complex bound to the Endothelin-1 promoter. Altogether, 1833-cell exposure to HGF would decrease Endothelin-1 transactivation and protein expression, with the possible impairment of Endothelin-1-dependent induction of E-cadherin, and the reversion towards an invasive phenotype: this was favoured by Ets-1 overexpression, which inhibited HIF-1α expression and HIF-1 activity. (iii) In MDA-MB231 cells, HGF strongly and rapidly decreased Ets-1, hampering invasiveness and reducing Ets-1-binding to Endothelin-1 promoter; HIF-1α did not form a complex with Ets-1 and Endothelin-1-luciferase activity was unchanged. Overall, depending on the microenvironment conditions and endogenous miR-125b levels, bone-metastatic cells might switch from Ets-1-dependent motility towards colonization/growth, regulated by the balance between Ets-1 and HIF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy.
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS), Milano 20161, Italy.
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milano 20139, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ghini
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milano 20139, Italy.
| | - Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy.
| | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy.
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8
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Maroni P, Puglisi R, Mattia G, Carè A, Matteucci E, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. In bone metastasis miR-34a-5p absence inversely correlates with Met expression, while Met oncogene is unaffected by miR-34a-5p in non-metastatic and metastatic breast carcinomas. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:492-503. [PMID: 28334277 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The highlight of the molecular basis and therapeutic targets of the bone-metastatic process requires the identification of biomarkers of metastasis colonization. Here, we studied miR-34a-5p expression, and Met-receptor expression and localization in bone metastases from ductal breast carcinomas, and in ductal carcinomas without history of metastasis (20 cases). miR-34a-5p was elevated in non-metastatic breast carcinoma, intermediate in the adjacent tissue and practically absent in bone metastases, opposite to pair-matched carcinoma. Met-receptor biomarker was highly expressed and inversely correlated with miR-34a-5p using the same set of bone-metastasis tissues. The miR-34a-5p silencing might depend on aberrant-epigenetic mechanisms of plastic-bone metastases, since in 1833 cells under methyltransferase blockade miR-34a-5p augmented. In fact, 1833 cells showed very low endogenous miR-34a-5p, in respect to parental MDA-MB231 breast carcinoma cells, and the restoration of miR-34a-5p with the mimic reduced Met and invasiveness. Notably, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-dependent Met stabilization was observed in bone-metastatic 1833 cells, consistent with Met co-distribution with the ligand HGF at plasma membrane and at nuclear levels in bone metastases. Met-protein level was higher in non-metastatic (low grade) than in metastatic (high grade) breast carcinomas, notwithstanding miR-34a-5p-elevated expression in both the specimens. Thus, mostly in non-metastatic carcinomas the elevated miR-34a-5p unaffected Met, important for invasive/mesenchymal phenotype, while possibly targeting some stemness biomarkers related to metastatic phenotype. In personalized therapies against bone metastasis, we suggest miR-34a-5p as a suitable target of epigenetic reprogramming leading to the accumulation of miR-34a-5p and the down-regulation of Met-tyrosine kinase, a key player of the bone-metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano 20161, Italy
| | - Rossella Puglisi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma 00161, Italy and
| | - Gianfranco Mattia
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma 00161, Italy and
| | - Alessandra Carè
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma 00161, Italy and
| | - Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
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Oncogenic roles and drug target of CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in lung cancer and cancer stem cell. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8515-28. [PMID: 27079871 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the great progress has been made in diagnosis and therapeutic in lung cancer, it induces the most cancer death worldwide in both males and females. Chemokines, which have chemotactic abilities, contain up to 50 family members. By binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), holding seven-transmembrane domain, they function in immune cell trafficking and regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, activation, and migration, homing under both physiologic and pathologic conditions. The alpha-chemokine receptor CXCR4 for the alpha-chemokine stromal cell-derived-factor-1 (SDF-1) is most widely expressed by tumors. In addition to human tissues of the bone marrow, liver, adrenal glands, and brain, the CXC chemokine SDF-1 or CXCL12 is also highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and is associated with lung metastasis. Lung cancer cells have the capabilities to utilize and manipulate the CXCL12/CXCR system to benefit growth and distant spread. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is a major culprit for lung cancer and has a crucial role in lung cancer initiation and progression by activating cancer stem cell. This review provides an evaluation of CXCL12/CXCR4 as the potential therapeutic target for lung cancers; it also focuses on the synergistic effects of inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and immunotherapy as well as chemotherapy. Together, CXCL12/CXCR4 axis can be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancers and has additive effects with immunotherapy.
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Matteucci E, Maroni P, Disanza A, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. Coordinate regulation of microenvironmental stimuli and role of methylation in bone metastasis from breast carcinoma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:64-76. [PMID: 26481505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of bone metastasis is unclear, and much focus in metastatic biology and therapy relays on epigenetic alterations. Since DNA-methyltransferase blockade with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (dAza) counteracts tumour growth, here we utilized dAza to clarify whether molecular events undergoing epigenetic control were critical for bone metastatization. In particular, we investigated the patterns of secreted-protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and of Endothelin 1, affected by DNA methyltransferases in tumours, with the hypothesis that in bone metastasis a coordinate function of SPARC and Endothelin 1, if any occurs, was orchestrated by DNA methylation. To this purpose, we prepared a xenograft model with the clone 1833, derived from human-MDA-MB231 cells, and dAza administration slowed-down metastasis outgrowth. This seemed consequent to the reductions of SPARC and Endothelin 1 at invasive front and in the bone marrow, mostly due to loss of Twist. In the metastasis bulk Snail, partly reduced by dAza, might sustain Endothelin 1-SPARC cooperativity. Both SPARC and Endothelin 1 underwent post-translational control by miRNAs, a molecular mechanism that might explain the in vivo data. Ectopic miR29a reduced SPARC expression also under long-term dAza exposure, while Endothelin 1 down-regulation occurred in the presence of endogenous-miR98 expression. Notably, dAza effects differed depending on in vivo and in vitro conditions. In 1833 cells exposed to 30-days dAza, SPARC-protein level was practically unaffected, while Endothelin 1 induction depended on the 3'-UTR functionality. The blockade of methyltransferases leading to SPARC reduction in vivo, might represent a promising strategy to hamper early steps of the metastatic process affecting the osteogenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Disanza
- IFOM (FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology), Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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Xu C, Zhao H, Chen H, Yao Q. CXCR4 in breast cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic targeting. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:4953-64. [PMID: 26356032 PMCID: PMC4560524 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s84932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are 8–12 kDa peptides that function as chemoattractant cytokines and are involved in cell activation, differentiation, and trafficking. Chemokines bind to specific G-protein-coupled seven-span transmembrane receptors. Chemokines play a fundamental role in the regulation of a variety of cellular, physiological, and developmental processes. Their aberrant expression can lead to a variety of human diseases including cancer. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), also known as fusin or CD184, is an alpha-chemokine receptor specific for stromal-derived-factor-1 (SDF-1 also called CXCL12). CXCR4 belongs to the superfamily of the seven transmembrane domain heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors and is functionally expressed on the cell surface of various types of cancer cells. CXCR4 also plays a role in the cell proliferation and migration of these cells. Recently, CXCR4 has been reported to play an important role in cell survival, proliferation, migration, as well as metastasis of several cancers including breast cancer. This review is mainly focused on the current knowledge of the oncogenic role and potential drugs that target CXCR4 in breast cancer. Additionally, CXCR4 proangiogenic molecular mechanisms will be reviewed. Strict biunivocal binding affinity and activation of CXCR4/CXCL12 complex make CXCR4 a unique molecular target for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhao
- First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Chen
- First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Desiderio MA. HGF and TGFβ1 differently influenced Wwox regulatory function on Twist program for mesenchymal-epithelial transition in bone metastatic versus parental breast carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:112. [PMID: 26041563 PMCID: PMC4453100 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Much effort has been devoted to determining how metastatic cells and microenvironment reciprocally interact. However, the role of biological stimuli of microenvironment in controlling molecular events in bone metastasis from breast carcinoma for mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) is largely unknown. The purpose of the present paper was to clarify (1) the influence of hepatocyte-growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factorβ1 (TGFβ1) on the phenotype of bone-metastatic 1833 and parental MDA-MB231 cells; (2) the hierarchic response of Twist and Snail controlled by Wwox co-factor, that might be critical for the control of 1833-adhesive properties via E-cadherin. Methods We studied under HGF and TGFβ1 the gene profiles—responsible for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), versus the revertant MET phenotype—making the correspondence with 1833 morphology and the relation to HGF-dependent control of TGFβ1 signalling. In particular, the activation of Twist program and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated, considering the role of endogenous and exogenous Wwox with siRNAWWOX and the expression vector transfection, to clarify whether Twist affected E-cadherin transactivation through a network of transcription factors and regulators. Results HGF and TGFβ1 oppositely affected the expression of Wwox in 1833 cells. Under HGF, endogenous Wwox decreased concomitant with Twist access to nuclei and its phosphorylation via PI3K/Akt pathway. Twist activated by HGF did not influence the gene profile through an E-box mechanism, but participated in the interplay of PPARγ/Ets1/NF-kB-transcription factors, triggering E-cadherin transactivation. Altogether, HGF conferred MET phenotype to 1833 cells, even if this was transient since followed by TGFβ1-signalling activation. TGFβ1 induced Snail in both the cell lines, with E-cadherin down-regulation only in 1833 cells because in MDA-MB231 cells E-cadherin was practically absent. Exogenous Wwox activated metastatic HIF-1, with Twist as co-factor. Conclusions HGF and TGFβ1 of bone-metastasis microenvironment acted co-ordinately, influencing non redundant pathways regulated by Twist program or Snail-transcription factor, with reversible MET switch. This process implicated different roles for Wwox in the various steps of the metastatic process including colonization, with microenvironmental/exogenous Wwox that activated HIF-1, important for E-cadherin expression. Interfering with the Twist program by targeting the pre-metastatic niche stimuli could be an effective anti-bone metastasis therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0389-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Luzzati A, Perrucchini G, Desiderio MA. Microenvironmental stimuli affect Endothelin-1 signaling responsible for invasiveness and osteomimicry of bone metastasis from breast cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1843:815-26. [PMID: 24373848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to clarify the function(s) of Endothelin-1 and its receptors ETAR and ETBR in osteolytic-bone metastasis from breast cancer, and their regulation by hepatocyte and transforming growth factors (HGF, TGF-β) and hypoxia. The aim was to evaluate the adaptability of bone metastasis to microenvironmental stimuli through Endothelin-1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), or the reverse process MET, and through osteomimicry possible key features for bone colonization. We compared low (MCF-7) and high (MDA-MB231) invasive-breast carcinoma cells, and 1833-bone metastatic clone, with human pair-matched primary breast-carcinomas and bone metastases. Parental MDA-MB231 and the derived 1833-clone responded oppositely to the stimuli. In 1833 cells, TGF-β and hypoxia increased Endothelin-1 release, altogether reducing invasiveness important for engraftment, while Endothelin-1 enhanced MDA-MB231 cell invasiveness. The Endothelin-1-autocrine loop contributed to the cooperation of intracellular-signaling pathways and extracellular stimuli triggering MET in 1833 cells, and EMT in MDA-MB231 cells. Only in 1833 cells, HGF negatively influenced transactivation and release of Endothelin-1, suggesting a temporal sequence of these stimuli with an initial role of HGF-triggered Wnt/β-catenin pathway in metastatization. Then, Endothelin-1/ETAR conferred MET and osteomimetic phenotypes, with Runt-related transcription factor 2 activation and metalloproteinase 9 expression, contributing to colonization and osteolysis. Findings with human pair-matched primary ductal carcinomas and bone metastases gave a translational significance to the molecular study. Endothelin-1, ETAR and ETBR correlated with the acquisition of malignant potential, because of high expression already in the in situ carcinoma. These molecular markers might be used as predictive index of aggressive behavior and invasive/metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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Arora H, Qureshi R, Park WY. miR-506 regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64273. [PMID: 23717581 PMCID: PMC3661463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important parameter related to breast cancer survival. Among several microRNAs predicted to target EMT-related genes, miR-506 is a novel miRNA found to be significantly related to breast cancer patient survival in a meta-analysis. miR-506 suppressed the expression of mesenchymal genes such as Vimentin, Snai2, and CD151 in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Moreover, NF-κB bound to the upstream promoter region of miR-506 to suppress transcription. Overexpression of miR-506 inhibited TGFβ-induced EMT and suppressed adhesion, invasion, and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. From these results, we concluded that miR-506 plays a key role in the process of EMT through posttranslational control of EMT-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Arora
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rehana Qureshi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Matteucci E, Maroni P, Bendinelli P, Locatelli A, Desiderio MA. Epigenetic control of endothelin-1 axis affects invasiveness of breast carcinoma cells with bone tropism. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:1865-1874. [PMID: 23660387 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a complex regulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) axis driven by epigenetic reactions in 1833-bone metastatic cells, emphasizing the importance in skeletal metastasis from breast carcinoma. Inhibitors of histone deacetylases, trichostatin A (TSA), and of DNA methylases, 5'-Azacytidine (Aza), caused, respectively, reduction and increase in 1833 cell invasiveness, without affecting the basal migration of parental MDA-MB231 cells. Of note, in the two cell lines exposed to Aza the blockade of the ET-1 receptor ETAR with BQ-123 oppositely changed invasive properties. Even if in MDA-MB231 cells the ET-1 axis was scarcely influenced by epigenetic reactions, ETAR remarkably decreased after Aza. In contrast, in 1833 cells Aza exposure enhanced ET-1 coupled to ETAR wild type, being also ETAR truncated form increased, and invasiveness was stimulated. Under demethylation, the increase in ET-1 steady state protein level in 1833 clone seemed regulated at transcriptional level principally via Ets1 transcription factor. In fact, actinomycin D almost completely prevented ET-1 mRNA induction due to Aza. Only in 1833 cells, TSA exposure inactivated ET-1 axis, with reduction of the expression of ET-1 and ETAR mutated form, in agreement with Matrigel invasion decrease. This treatment favoured the ET-1 repressional control, taking place at the level of mRNA stability due to the 3'-untranslated region in the ET-1 gene, and also decreased transcription via NF-kB. Environmental conditions that alter the balance between epigenetic reactions might, therefore, affect metastasis migratory mode influencing ET-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli, 31, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Maroni
- Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli, 31, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessia Locatelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli, 31, 20133 Milano, Italy; Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Alfonsina Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Luigi Mangiagalli, 31, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Huang S, Ouyang N, Lin L, Chen L, Wu W, Su F, Yao Y, Yao H. HGF-induced PKCζ activation increases functional CXCR4 expression in human breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29124. [PMID: 22242160 PMCID: PMC3252308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 have been shown to mediate the metastasis of many malignant tumors including breast carcinoma. Interaction between hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the Met receptor tyrosine kinase mediates development and progression of cancers. HGF is able to induce CXCR4 expression and contributes to tumor cell invasiveness in breast carcinoma. However, the mechanism of the CXCR4 expression modulated by c-Met-HGF axis to enhance the metastatic behavior of breast cancer cells is still unclear. In this study, we found that HGF induced functional CXCR4 receptor expression in breast cancer cells. The effect of HGF was specifically mediated by PKCζ activity. After transfection with PKCζ-siRNA, the phosphorylation of PKCζ and CXCR4 was abrogated in breast cancer cells. Interference with the activation of Rac1, a downstream target of HGF, prevented the HGF-induced increase in PKCζ activity and CXCR4 levels. The HGF-induced, LY294002-sensitive translocation of PKCζ from cytosol to plasma membrane indicated that HGF was capable of activating PKCζ, probably via phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinases. HGF treatment also increased MT1-MMP secretion. Inhibition of PKCζ, Rac-1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase may attenuate MT1-MMP expression in cells exposed to HGF. Functional manifestation of the effects of HGF revealed an increased ability for migration, chemotaxis and metastasis in MDA-MB-436 cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings thus provided evidence that the process of HGF-induced functional CXCR4 expression may involve PI 3-kinase and atypical PKCζ. Moreover, HGF may promote the invasiveness and metastasis of breast tumor xenografts in BALB/c-nu mice via the PKCζ-mediated pathway, while suppression of PKCζ by RNA interference may abrogate cancer cell spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyin Huang
- Department of Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nengyong Ouyang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou City, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxi Su
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yandan Yao
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Herui Yao
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Desiderio MA. Comparative role of acetylation along c-SRC/ETS1 signaling pathway in bone metastatic and invasive mammary cell phenotypes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:1767-76. [PMID: 21741415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cells switch between different modes of migration through supramolecular plasticity mechanism(s) still largely unknown. The aim of the present paper was to clarify some molecular aspects of the epigenetic control of migration of 1833-bone metastatic cells compared to MDA-MB231-parental mammary carcinoma cells. Active c-Src overexpression enhanced 1833-cell spontaneous migration and CXCR4-mediated chemoinvasion toward CXCL12 ligand. Only in metastatic cells, in fact, c-Src seemed to stabilize nuclear CXCR4-protein receptor possibly due to tyrosine phosphorylation, by impairing protein-degradative smear and causing instead an electrophoretic-mobility shift; the cytosolic steady-state level of CXCR4 was enhanced, and the protein appeared also phosphorylated. These findings suggested the triggering of unique signaling pathways in metastasis for homing of breast-cancer cells to congenial environment of specific organs. Microenvironmental stimuli activating c-Src might influence Ets1 binding to CXCR4 promoter and consequent transactivation, as well as CXCR4 post-translational regulatory mechanisms such as phosphorylation. Enhancement of Ets1 activity and CXCR4 induction by c-Src overexpression were prevented by histone deacetylase (HDAC) blockade. In contrast, HDAC inhibition with trichostatin A increased cytosolic phosphorylated CXCR4 expression in MDA-MB231 cells, but Ets1 involvement was practically unneeded. c-Src might be suggested as a bio-marker predicting metastasis sensitivity patterns to HDAC inhibitors. Rationally designed and individualized therapy may become possible as more is learned about the target molecules of HDAC's inhibitory agents and their roles, as undertaken for CXCR4 that is likely to be crucial for homing, angiogenesis and survival in a c-Src-dependent manner in bone-metastatic mammary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Morfologia Umana e Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Wedel S, Hudak L, Seibel JM, Makarević J, Juengel E, Tsaur I, Wiesner C, Haferkamp A, Blaheta RA. Impact of combined HDAC and mTOR inhibition on adhesion, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2011; 28:479-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-011-9386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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HDAC6 is required for invadopodia activity and invasion by breast tumor cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2011; 90:128-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Nuclear co-localization and functional interaction of COX-2 and HIF-1α characterize bone metastasis of human breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 129:433-50. [PMID: 21069452 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-1240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to identify nuclear co-localization of COX-2 and HIF-1α in human-bone metastasis of breast cancer, index of transcriptionally activated cells and functional for gene expression. In particular, we verified whether hypoxia exerted a direct role on metastasis-gene expression or through COX-2 signaling, due to the relevance for clinical implications to individuate molecular targets for diagnosis and therapy. The experiments were performed in vitro with two metastatic clones, 1833 and MDA-231BO, and the parental MDA-MB231 cells, in vivo (1833-xenograft model), and in human-bone metastasis specimens. In 1833 cells in vitro, COX-2 signaling pathway was critical for nuclear HIF-1α-protein expression/translocation, mechanisms determining HIF-1 activity and gene expression. The data were corroborated by immunohistochemistry in human-bone metastasis specimens. COX-2 and HIF-1α showed wide co-localization in the nucleus, indicative of COX-2-nuclear import in transcriptionally activated metastatic cells and consistent with COX-2-HIF-1α functional interaction. A network of microenvironmental signals controlled COX-2 induction and HIF-1 activation downstream. In fact, hypoxia through HGF and TGF-β1 autoregulatory loops triggered a specific array of transcription factors responsible for COX-2 transactivation. The novelty was that HGF and TGF-β1 biological signals were produced by hypoxic metastatic cells and, therefore, the microenvironment seemed to be modified by metastatic-cell engraftment in the bone. In agreement, HIF-1α expression in bone marrow supportive cells occurred in metastasis-bearing animals. Altogether, the data supported the pre-metastatic-niche theory. Our observations might be useful to design therapies against bone metastasis, by affecting the phenotype changes of metastatic cells occurring at the secondary growth site through COX-2-HIF-1 interaction.
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Previdi S, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Broggini M, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. Interaction between human-breast cancer metastasis and bone microenvironment through activated hepatocyte growth factor/Met and β-catenin/Wnt pathways. Eur J Cancer 2010; 46:1679-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2010.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bendinelli P, Matteucci E, Maroni P, Desiderio MA. NF-kappaB activation, dependent on acetylation/deacetylation, contributes to HIF-1 activity and migration of bone metastatic breast carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:1328-41. [PMID: 19671685 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we show that NF-kappaB-HIF-1 interaction contributed to breast cancer metastatic capacity by means of an incomplete epithelial/mesenchymal transition and influencing migration, as shown in 1833 (human) and 4T1 (mouse) metastatic cells after different stimuli. The 1833 and the transforming growth factor-beta1-exposed 4T1 cells showed both epithelial (E-cadherins) and mesenchymal (N-cadherins and vimentin) markers, and common mechanisms contributed to the retention of certain epithelial characteristics and the control of migration. The complex NF-kappaB-HIF-1 reciprocal regulation and the enhanced c-Jun expression played a functional role in exacerbating the invasiveness of 1833 cells after p50/p65 transfection and of 4T1 cells exposed to transforming growth factor-beta1. Twist expression seemed to exert a permissive role also regulating epithelial/mesenchymal transition markers. After c-Src wild-type (Srcwt) transfection, c-Src-signal transducer overexpression in 1833 cells increased HIF-1 transactivating activity and invasiveness, and changed E-cadherin/N-cadherin ratio versus mesenchymal phenotype. The transcription factor pattern and the motile phenotype of metastatic 1833 cells were influenced by p65-lysine acetylation and HDAC-dependent epigenetic mechanisms, which positively regulated basal NF-kappaB and HIF-1 activities. However, HDAC3 acted as a corepressor of NF-kappaB activity in parental MDA-MB231 cells, thus explaining many differences from the derived 1833 clone, including reduced HIF-1alpha and c-Jun expression. Invasiveness was differently affected by HDAC knockdown in 1833 and MDA-MB231 cells. We suggest that acetylation/deacetylation are critical in establishing the bone-metastatic gene signature of 1833 cells by regulating the activity of NF-kappaB and HIF-1, and further clarify the epigenetic control of transcription factor network in the motile phenotype of 1833 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Morfologia Umana e Scienze Biomediche Città Studi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Matteucci E, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. Nuclear localization of active HGF receptor Met in aggressive MDA-MB231 breast carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis 2009; 30:937-45. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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