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Arredondo-Zapien R, Verdugo-Molinares MG, Ku Centurion M, Benavides-Diosdado R, Lopez-Rojas JF, Gonzalez-Gonzalez R, Espinoza-Hernandez JA, Gutierrez-Chavez J, Cortes Sanabria L, Melo Z. Urinary concentration of Cathepsin D as a relievable marker of preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2024; 36:101116. [PMID: 38408407 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2024.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early and accurate diagnosis of preeclampsia is crucial to avoid serious complications for both the mother and baby. However, the current diagnostic methods are limited, and there is a need for new diagnostic biomarkers. Previous studies have shown that cathepsin D (CTD) participates in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and is present in urine samples, making it a potential biomarker for the disease. This study aimed to compare urinary and serum levels of CTD in preeclamptic and normotensive women and analyze its potential role as a diagnostic biomarker in preeclampsia. METHODS The study included thirty-nine patients with preeclampsia and twelve normotensive pregnant women as controls. Biomarkers were determined using Multiplex Assay kit, and serum prolactin (Prl) and urinary TNF-α levels were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS We found that urinary and serum CTD levels were significantly higher in the preeclampsia group than in the normotensive group, suggesting that CTD could be a diagnostic biomarker for preeclampsia. No significant differences were found in the levels of serum prolactin or urinary TNF-α between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The study provides evidence that non-invasive biological samples such as urine can be used to improve new therapeutic strategies for the early management of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maritza G Verdugo-Molinares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, México; Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco. Guadalajara, México
| | - Marco Ku Centurion
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, México; Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco. Guadalajara, México
| | | | | | - Ricardo Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, México
| | | | | | - Laura Cortes Sanabria
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara, México
| | - Zesergio Melo
- CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, México.
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Mourão TC, Bezerra SM, de Almeida E Paula F, Rocha MM, Santos VE, Brazão Junior ES, Abreu D, da Costa WH, Zequi SDC. Prognostic role of the immunohistochemical expression of proteins related to the renin-angiotensin system pathway in nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2023:S1078-1439(23)00190-4. [PMID: 37286405 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stage migration has been observed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in recent decades; however, mortality rates have continuously increased in some countries. Tumoral factors have been characterized as major predictors of RCC. Nonetheless, this concept can be improved by combining these tumoral factors with other variables, including biomolecular factors. PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression and prognostic value of renin (REN), erythropoietin (EPO), and cathepsin D (CTSD), and to evaluate whether the concomitant expression of these markers can influence the prognostic outcomes in patients without metastasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 729 patients with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) who underwent surgical treatment between 1985 and 2016 were evaluated. All the cases in the tumor bank were reviewed by dedicated uropathologists. The IHC expression patterns of the markers were assessed using a tissue microarray. REN and EPO were classified as "positive" or "negative" expression. CTSD was grouped into "absent or weak expression" or "strong expression." Associations between clinical and pathological variables and the studied markers, in addition to 10-year overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and recurrence-free survival rates, were described. RESULTS REN and EPO expressions were positive in 70.6% and 86.6% of patients, respectively. Absent or weak and strong expressions of CTSD were observed in 58.2% and 41.3% of the patients, respectively. EPO expression had no impact on survival rates even when assessed concomitantly with REN. Negative REN expression was associated with advanced age, preoperative anemia, larger tumors, perirenal fat, hilum or renal sinus infiltration, microvascular invasion, necrosis, high nuclear grade, and clinical stages III to IV. In contrast, strong CTSD expression was associated with poor prognostic variables. The expression patterns of REN and CTSD were unfavorable predictors of the 10-year OS and CSS. In particular, the combination of negative REN and strong CTSD expression had a negative impact on these rates, including a higher risk of recurrence. CONCLUSION Loss of REN expression and strong CTSD expression were independent prognostic factors in nonmetastatic ccRCC, particularly when the concomitant expression pattern of both markers was present. EPO expression did not influence survival rates in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Camelo Mourão
- Department of Urology, Fundação Antônio Prudente, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Stephania Martins Bezerra
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Fundação Antônio Prudente, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Murce Rocha
- Department of Urology, Fundação Antônio Prudente, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Walter Henriques da Costa
- Department of Urology, Fundação Antônio Prudente, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stênio de Cássio Zequi
- Department of Urology, Fundação Antônio Prudente, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Graduate School, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Characterization of the pVHL Interactome in Human Testis Using High-Throughput Library Screening. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041009. [PMID: 35205757 PMCID: PMC8869832 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The von Hippel–Lindau (pVHL) tumor suppressor is a protein that regulates the normal cell adaptation to low oxygen concentrations. When its function is altered by inherited or acquired mutation pVHL becomes causative of a familiar predisposition to develop different types of cancers. Besides this role, pVHL is also thought to have other relevant cell functions, and studies in mice demonstrated that this protein is crucial for correct testis development and sperm maturation. By scanning the testis-specific library, we identified 55 novel proteins that interact with the human pVHL, with many of them directly participating in metabolic pathways frequently altered in cancer. Furthermore, our results suggest that pVHL may be also important for correct gonad function in men. Abstract Functional impairment of the von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL) is causative of a familiar increased risk of developing cancer. As an E3 substrate recognition particle, pVHL marks the hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) for degradation in normoxic conditions, thus acting as a key regulator of both acute and chronic cell adaptation to hypoxia. The male mice model carrying VHL gene conditional knockout presents significant abnormalities in testis development paired with defects in spermatogenesis and infertility, indicating that pVHL exerts testis-specific roles. Here we aimed to explore whether pVHL could have a similar role in humans by performing a testis-tissue library screening complemented with in-depth bioinformatics analysis. We identified 55 novel pVHL binding proteins directly involved in spermatogenesis, cell differentiation and reproductive metabolism. In addition, computational investigation of these new interactors identified multiple pVHL-specific binding motifs and demonstrated that somatic mutations described in human cancers reside in these binding regions. Collectively, these findings suggest that, in addition to its role in cancer formation, pVHL may also be pivotal in normal gonadal development in humans.
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4
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Vermassen T, Geboes K, De Man M, Laurent S, Decoene E, Lumen N, Delanghe J, Rottey S. Neither creatinine- nor cystatin C-estimated glomerular filtration rate is optimal in oncology patients treated with targeted agents. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 33:402-408. [PMID: 28482048 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decade, there has been an increase in the use of anti-angiogenic drugs as treatment for metastatic malignancies. However, use of these targeted therapies could induce both glomerular and tubular damage. Also during targeted therapy, the lysosomal protease cathepsin D is released from the tumour, which is inhibited by the protease inhibitor cystatin C. The aim of this study is to determine if use of cystatin C-estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is applicable to a patient cohort treated with targeted agents. Methods A cohort of 80 patients with various malignancies were continuously recruited and prospectively analysed. Serum and urinary biochemical analytes for renal toxicities were assessed at different time points during treatment. The association between serum cystatin C and cathepsin D was also determined. Results A decrease in serum cystatin C concentrations (1.03 versus 0.90 mg/L; P < 0.001), together with an increase in cystatin C-eGFR (71 versus 89 mL/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.002) was observed during therapy, compared with baseline. This decrease in cystatin C concentrations was correlated with cathepsin D (r = 0.307; P < 0.001), which was released from the tumour during targeted therapy. Further analysis demonstrated cathepsin D-mediated proteolysis of cystatin C in serum. Conclusions Cystatin C concentrations were decreased during targeted therapy due to cathepsin D-mediated proteolysis. Cystatin C-eGFR is therefore not considered a suitable marker for assessing kidney function in oncology patients, and other techniques to estimate the GFR have to be applied in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijl Vermassen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Geboes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc De Man
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Laurent
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elsie Decoene
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicolaas Lumen
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Rottey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Selby PJ, Banks RE, Gregory W, Hewison J, Rosenberg W, Altman DG, Deeks JJ, McCabe C, Parkes J, Sturgeon C, Thompson D, Twiddy M, Bestall J, Bedlington J, Hale T, Dinnes J, Jones M, Lewington A, Messenger MP, Napp V, Sitch A, Tanwar S, Vasudev NS, Baxter P, Bell S, Cairns DA, Calder N, Corrigan N, Del Galdo F, Heudtlass P, Hornigold N, Hulme C, Hutchinson M, Lippiatt C, Livingstone T, Longo R, Potton M, Roberts S, Sim S, Trainor S, Welberry Smith M, Neuberger J, Thorburn D, Richardson P, Christie J, Sheerin N, McKane W, Gibbs P, Edwards A, Soomro N, Adeyoju A, Stewart GD, Hrouda D. Methods for the evaluation of biomarkers in patients with kidney and liver diseases: multicentre research programme including ELUCIDATE RCT. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar06030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundProtein biomarkers with associations with the activity and outcomes of diseases are being identified by modern proteomic technologies. They may be simple, accessible, cheap and safe tests that can inform diagnosis, prognosis, treatment selection, monitoring of disease activity and therapy and may substitute for complex, invasive and expensive tests. However, their potential is not yet being realised.Design and methodsThe study consisted of three workstreams to create a framework for research: workstream 1, methodology – to define current practice and explore methodology innovations for biomarkers for monitoring disease; workstream 2, clinical translation – to create a framework of research practice, high-quality samples and related clinical data to evaluate the validity and clinical utility of protein biomarkers; and workstream 3, the ELF to Uncover Cirrhosis as an Indication for Diagnosis and Action for Treatable Event (ELUCIDATE) randomised controlled trial (RCT) – an exemplar RCT of an established test, the ADVIA Centaur® Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Ltd, Camberley, UK) [consisting of a panel of three markers – (1) serum hyaluronic acid, (2) amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen and (3) tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1], for liver cirrhosis to determine its impact on diagnostic timing and the management of cirrhosis and the process of care and improving outcomes.ResultsThe methodology workstream evaluated the quality of recommendations for using prostate-specific antigen to monitor patients, systematically reviewed RCTs of monitoring strategies and reviewed the monitoring biomarker literature and how monitoring can have an impact on outcomes. Simulation studies were conducted to evaluate monitoring and improve the merits of health care. The monitoring biomarker literature is modest and robust conclusions are infrequent. We recommend improvements in research practice. Patients strongly endorsed the need for robust and conclusive research in this area. The clinical translation workstream focused on analytical and clinical validity. Cohorts were established for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and renal transplantation (RT), with samples and patient data from multiple centres, as a rapid-access resource to evaluate the validity of biomarkers. Candidate biomarkers for RCC and RT were identified from the literature and their quality was evaluated and selected biomarkers were prioritised. The duration of follow-up was a limitation but biomarkers were identified that may be taken forward for clinical utility. In the third workstream, the ELUCIDATE trial registered 1303 patients and randomised 878 patients out of a target of 1000. The trial started late and recruited slowly initially but ultimately recruited with good statistical power to answer the key questions. ELF monitoring altered the patient process of care and may show benefits from the early introduction of interventions with further follow-up. The ELUCIDATE trial was an ‘exemplar’ trial that has demonstrated the challenges of evaluating biomarker strategies in ‘end-to-end’ RCTs and will inform future study designs.ConclusionsThe limitations in the programme were principally that, during the collection and curation of the cohorts of patients with RCC and RT, the pace of discovery of new biomarkers in commercial and non-commercial research was slower than anticipated and so conclusive evaluations using the cohorts are few; however, access to the cohorts will be sustained for future new biomarkers. The ELUCIDATE trial was slow to start and recruit to, with a late surge of recruitment, and so final conclusions about the impact of the ELF test on long-term outcomes await further follow-up. The findings from the three workstreams were used to synthesise a strategy and framework for future biomarker evaluations incorporating innovations in study design, health economics and health informatics.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN74815110, UKCRN ID 9954 and UKCRN ID 11930.FundingThis project was funded by the NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inProgramme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 6, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Selby
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Rosamonde E Banks
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Walter Gregory
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jenny Hewison
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - William Rosenberg
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Douglas G Altman
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan J Deeks
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher McCabe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Julie Parkes
- Primary Care and Population Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Maureen Twiddy
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Janine Bestall
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Tilly Hale
- LIVErNORTH Liver Patient Support, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dinnes
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marc Jones
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Vicky Napp
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Alice Sitch
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sudeep Tanwar
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Naveen S Vasudev
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Baxter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sue Bell
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David A Cairns
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Neil Corrigan
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Heudtlass
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nick Hornigold
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire Hulme
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michelle Hutchinson
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Carys Lippiatt
- Department of Specialist Laboratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Roberta Longo
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew Potton
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stephanie Roberts
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sheryl Sim
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sebastian Trainor
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew Welberry Smith
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - James Neuberger
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Paul Richardson
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - John Christie
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Neil Sheerin
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William McKane
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul Gibbs
- Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Naeem Soomro
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Grant D Stewart
- NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Academic Urology Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Hrouda
- Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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6
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Liu Y, Tan X, Liu W, Chen X, Hou X, Shen D, Ding Y, Yin J, Wang L, Zhang H, Yu Y, Hou J, Thompson TC, Cao G. Follistatin-like protein 1 plays a tumor suppressor role in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2018; 37:2. [PMID: 29357946 PMCID: PMC5778637 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-018-0267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that the expression of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) was significantly down-regulated in metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of FSTL1 in the development of ccRCC. METHODS The effects of FSTL1 on cell activity and cell cycle were investigated in ccRCC cell lines with altered FSTL1 expression. Gene expression microarray assays were performed to identify the major signaling pathways affected by FSTL1 knockdown. The expression of FSTL1 in ccRCC and its effect on postoperative prognosis were estimated in a cohort with 89 patients. RESULTS FSTL1 knockdown promoted anchorage-independent growth, migration, invasion, and cell cycle of ccRCC cell lines, whereas FSTL1 overexpression attenuated cell migration. FSTL1 knockdown up-regulated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathways, increased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, up-regulated interleukin-6 expression, and promoted tumor necrosis factor-α-induced degradation of NF-κB inhibitor (IκBα) in ccRCC cell lines. FSTL1 immunostaining was selectively positive in epithelial cytoplasm in the loop of Henle, and positive rate of FSTL1 was significantly lower in ccRCC tissues than in adjacent renal tissues (P < 0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the intratumoral FSTL1 expression conferred a favorable independent prognosis with a hazard ratio of 0.325 (95% confidence interval 0.118-0.894). HIF-2α expression was negatively correlated with FSTL1 expression in ccRCC specimens (r = - 0.229, P = 0.044). Intratumoral expression of HIF-2α, rather than HIF-1α, significantly predicted an unfavorable prognosis in ccRCC (log-rank, P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS FSTL1 plays a tumor suppression role possibly via repressing the NF-κB and HIF-2α signaling pathways. To increase FSTL1 expression might be a candidate therapeutic strategy for metastatic ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Dan Shen
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yongwei Yu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Hou
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Timothy C Thompson
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology-Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
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7
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Guo S, Xue Y, He Q, He X, Guo K, Dong P, Yao K, Yang G, Chen D, Li Z, Li X, Qin Z, Liu Z, Cheng W, Guo C, Zhang M, Han H, Zhou F. Preoperative serum cystatin-C as a potential biomarker for prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178823. [PMID: 28586363 PMCID: PMC5460820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognostic value of serum cystatin-C (Cys-C) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to explore the prognostic value of Cys-C for RCC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The levels of preoperative Cys-C, creatinine (CRE) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) were retrospectively collected in 325 RCC patients undergoing surgery. The cutoff values of Cys-C, CRE and e-GFR were determined by the standardized Cutoff Finder algorithm. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and pairwise comparison were performed to compare the three variables. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the prognostic value of serum Cys-C in RCC. RESULTS Based on the analysis of Cutoff Finder algorithm, ROC curve and pairwise comparison, the preoperative Cys-C was superior to CRE and e-GFR as a predictive factor in RCC. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that high preoperative Cys-C (>1.09 mg/L) was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) in all RCC patients (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; P = 0.012), patients at pT1-2 (P<0.001), pN0 (P<0.001) and pM0 stages (P<0.001). Moreover, Multivariate Cox regression analyses also showed that in the 306 patients without metastasis, high preoperative Cys-C was also associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (HR, 3.50; P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS An elevated preoperative Cys-C level was demonstrated to be related with worse survival in patients with RCC. Measuring preoperative serum Cys-C might be a simple way for finding poor prognostic patients and patients with elevated preoperative Cys-C level should be more closely followed up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Guo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Xue
- Medicine school of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuming He
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo He
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kunbin Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangwei Yang
- Medicine school of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaishang Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zike Qin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuowei Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- Department of Urology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chao Guo
- The Jiangcheng Branch of Yangjiang People’s Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Medicine school of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (HH); (FZ)
| | - Fangjian Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (HH); (FZ)
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8
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Arodola OA, Soliman MES. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ligand-Induced Flap Conformational Changes in Cathepsin-D-A Comparative Study. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2643-57. [PMID: 27038253 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The flap region in aspartic proteases is a unique structural feature to this class of enzymes, and found to have a profound impact on protein overall structure, function, and dynamics. Understanding the structure and dynamic behavior of the flap regions is crucial in the design of selective inhibitors against aspartic proteases. Cathepsin-D, an aspartic protease enzyme, has been implicated in a long list of degenerative diseases as well as breast cancer progression. Presented herein, for the first time, is a comprehensive description of the conformational flap dynamics of cathepsin-D using a comparative 50 ns "multiple" molecular dynamics simulations. Diverse collective metrics were proposed to accurately define flap dynamics. These are distance d1 between the flap tips residues (Gly79 and Met301); dihedral angle ϕ; in addition to TriCα angles Gly79-Asp33-Asp223, θ1 , and Gly79-Asp223-Met301, θ2 . The maximum distance attained throughout the simulation was 17.42 and 11.47 Å for apo and bound cathepsin-D, respectively, while the minimum distance observed was 8.75 and 6.32 Å for apo and bound cathepsin-D, respectively. The movement of the flap as well as the twist of the active pocket can properly be explained by measuring the angle, θ1 , between Gly79-Asp33-Met301 and correlating it with the distance Cα of the flap tip residues. The asymmetrical opening of the binding cavity was best described by the large shift of -6.26° to +20.94° in the dihedral angle, ϕ, corresponding to the full opening of the flap at a range of 31-33 ns. A wide-range of post-dynamic analyses was also applied in this report to supplement our findings. We believe that this report would augment current efforts in designing potent structure-based inhibitors against cathepsin-D in the treatment of breast cancer and other degenerative diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2643-2657, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayide A Arodola
- Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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9
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Li M, Zhao M, Gao Y. Effect of transient blood glucose increases after oral glucose intake on the human urinary proteome. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:618-22. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medicine; Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Mindi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medicine; Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Youhe Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medicine; Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory; Beijing Normal University; Beijing China
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10
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Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma. KIDNEY CANCER 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17903-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Raimondo F, Corbetta S, Chinello C, Pitto M, Magni F. The urinary proteome and peptidome of renal cell carcinoma patients: a comparison of different techniques. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:503-14. [PMID: 24890767 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.926222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinomas, originating from the renal cortex, account for about 80% of kidney primary malignancies. Small localized tumors rarely produce symptoms and diagnosis is often delayed until the disease is advanced. In contrast to other urological cancers, renal cell carcinomas are associated with a high degree of metastases and a low 5-year survival rate. The identification of diagnostic and prognostic markers, especially in the urine, remains an area of intense investigation. Different proteomic strategies have been applied so far to biomarker discovery in urine at the proteome or the peptidome level. Gel-based and gel-free strategies combined with mass spectrometry are the most-used strategies, have different success rates, and will be depicted here. We also prefigure a scenario in which the limitations of a single approach are overcome by applying new and complementary research strategies, relying on the excellent availability coupled to the intrinsic richness typical of urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Raimondo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
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12
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Craven RA, Vasudev NS, Banks RE. Proteomics and the search for biomarkers for renal cancer. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:456-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Dong X, Wang G, Zhang G, Ni Z, Suo J, Cui J, Cui A, Yang Q, Xu Y, Li F. The endothelial lipase protein is promising urinary biomarker for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:45. [PMID: 23510199 PMCID: PMC3621381 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Finding effective diagnostic biomarkers in urine or serum would represent the most ideal solution to detecting gastric cancer during annual physical examination. This study was to evaluate the potential of endothelial lipase (EL) as a urinary biomarker for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Methods The expression levels of EL was measured using Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining experiments on (tissue, serum, and urine) samples of gastric cancer patients versus healthy people. We also checked the EL levels in the urine samples of other cancer types (lung, colon and rectum cancers) and benign lesions (gastritis and gastric leiomyoma) to check if EL was specific to gastric cancer. Result We observed a clear separation between the EL expression levels in the urine samples of 90 gastric cancer patients and of 57 healthy volunteers. It was approximately 9.9 fold average decrease of the EL expression levels in the urine samples of gastric cancer compared to the healthy controls (P <0.0001), achieving a 0.967 AUC value for the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve, demonstrating it’s highly accurate as a diagnostic marker for gastric cancer. Interestingly, the expression levels of EL in tissue and serum samples were not nearly as discriminative as in urine samples (P = 0.90 and P = 0.79). In immunohistochemical experiments, positive expression of the EL protein was found in 67% (8/12) of gastric adjacent noncancerous and in 58% (7/12) of gastric cancer samples. There was no significant statistical in the expression levels of this protein between the gastric cancer and the matching noncancerous tissues (P =0.67). Conclusions The urinary EL as a highly accurate gastric cancer biomarker that is potentially applicable to the general screening with high sensitivity and specificity. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/4527331618757552
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Dong
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, Norman Bethune Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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14
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Wood SL, Knowles MA, Thompson D, Selby PJ, Banks RE. Proteomic studies of urinary biomarkers for prostate, bladder and kidney cancers. Nat Rev Urol 2013; 10:206-18. [PMID: 23443013 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2013.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Urine is an ideal body fluid for the detection of protein markers produced by urological cancers as it can be sampled noninvasively and contains secreted and directly shed proteins from the prostate, bladder and kidney. Major challenges of working with urine include high inter-individual and intra-individual variability, low protein concentration, the presence of salts and the dynamic range of protein expression. Despite these challenges, significant progress is being made using modern proteomic methods to identify and characterize protein-based markers for urological cancers. The development of robust, easy-to-use clinical tests based on novel biomarkers has the potential to impact upon diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring and could revolutionize the treatment and management of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Wood
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, 27 Palatine Road, Withington, Manchester M20 3LJ, UK.
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15
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Lin Q, Tan HT, Lim HSR, Chung MCM. Sieving through the cancer secretome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2360-71. [PMID: 23376431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is among the most prevalent and serious health problems worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for early detection and management of the disease. The cancer secretome, encompassing all the proteins that are secreted by cancer cells, is a promising source of biomarkers as the secreted proteins are most likely to enter the blood circulation. Moreover, since secreted proteins are responsible for signaling and communication with the tumor microenvironment, studying the cancer secretome would further the understanding of cancer biology. Latest developments in proteomics technologies have significantly advanced the study of the cancer secretome. In this review, we will present an overview of the secretome sample preparation process and summarize the data from recent secretome studies of six common cancers with high mortality (breast, colorectal, gastric, liver, lung and prostate cancers). In particular, we will focus on the various platforms that were employed and discuss the clinical applicability of the key findings in these studies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore
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16
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Gianazza E, Chinello C, Mainini V, Cazzaniga M, Squeo V, Albo G, Signorini S, Di Pierro SS, Ferrero S, Nicolardi S, van der Burgt YE, Deelder AM, Magni F. Alterations of the serum peptidome in renal cell carcinoma discriminating benign and malignant kidney tumors. J Proteomics 2012; 76 Spec No.:125-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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He W, Huang C, Luo G, Prà ID, Feng J, Chen W, Ma L, Wang Y, Chen X, Tan J, Zhang X, Armato U, Wu J. A stable panel comprising 18 urinary proteins in the human healthy population. Proteomics 2012; 12:1059-72. [PMID: 22522811 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Chibing Huang
- Department of Urology; Xinqiao Hospital; The Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Ilaria Dal Prà
- Histology & Embryology Section; Department of Life & Reproduction Sciences; University of Verona; Verona; Italy
| | - Jiayu Feng
- Department of Urology; Xinqiao Hospital; The Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Wei Chen
- Agilent Technologies (China); Beijing; China
| | - Li Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Ying Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Xiwei Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Jiangling Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Ubaldo Armato
- Histology & Embryology Section; Department of Life & Reproduction Sciences; University of Verona; Verona; Italy
| | - Jun Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
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Li M, Rathmell WK. Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma. KIDNEY CANCER 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-21858-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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19
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Thompson D, Develter W, Cairns DA, Barrett JH, Perkins DA, Stanley AJ, Mooney A, Selby PJ, Banks RE. A pilot study to investigate the potential of mass spectrometry profiling in the discovery of novel serum markers in chronic renal disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2011; 5:523-31. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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20
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Li X, Tan X, Yu Y, Chen H, Chang W, Hou J, Xu D, Ma L, Cao G. D9S168 microsatellite alteration predicts a poor prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and correlates with the down-regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta. Cancer 2011; 117:4201-11. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Jagdev SPK, Gregory W, Vasudev NS, Harnden P, Sim S, Thompson D, Cartledge J, Selby PJ, Banks RE. Improving the accuracy of pre-operative survival prediction in renal cell carcinoma with C-reactive protein. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:1649-56. [PMID: 21063409 PMCID: PMC2994232 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Validated objective biomarkers are needed for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to guide patient management and define high-risk populations for follow-up or for therapeutic purposes. Methods: Patients undergoing nephrectomy for RCC (n=286 all stages, 84% with conventional clear cell type) were included with a median duration follow-up of 5 years. The prognostic significance of pre-operative haematological and biochemical variables, including C-reactive protein (CRP) values were examined and whether they added additional information to a recently published pre-operative scoring system was determined. Results: C-reactive protein was the most significant predictor of overall survival (OS; χ2=50.9, P<0.001). Five-year OS for patients with CRP⩽15 mg l−1vs >15 mg l−1 was 72% (95% CI 65–78%) and 33% (95% CI 23–44%), respectively. Similar results were seen for cancer-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival. On multivariate analysis, CRP remained highly significant for CSS (χ2=17.3, P<0.0001) and OS (χ2=9.8, P<0.002), in addition to other pre-operative variables including log of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, red blood cell count and white cell count. C-reactive protein was significant in addition to the pre-operative nomogram score (χ2=12.5, P=0.0004 for OS, χ2=16.2, P=0.0001 for CSS and χ2=8.6, P=0.003 for DFS) and was still significant when other pre-operative variables were included. Conclusion: C-reactive protein and other haematological and biochemical variables have independent prognostic significance in RCC and may enhance pre-operative scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P K Jagdev
- St James's Institute of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Masson O, Bach AS, Derocq D, Prébois C, Laurent-Matha V, Pattingre S, Liaudet-Coopman E. Pathophysiological functions of cathepsin D: Targeting its catalytic activity versus its protein binding activity? Biochimie 2010; 92:1635-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
The strong need for the discovery of novel disease markers together with the development of high-throughput techniques that provide highly sensitive analysis of protein content in tissues and bodily fluids, using proteomics, has opened the completely new chapter in biomarker discovery. The detection of biomarkers based on urinary proteome analysis is rapidly advancing and may provide new tools to improve non-invasive diagnostics, prognostics, and therapy enhancement. As a tool for biomarker discovery, urinary proteomics is especially fruitful in the area of early diagnostics and differentiation of renal damage, and it possesses enormous potential for improving and expanding non-invasive cancer diagnostics. An abundance of urinary proteins could provide a wide variety of biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow-up of many systemic diseases as well. This article reviews the utility of urinary proteomics for biomarker discovery from the perspective of clinical application. Despite huge potential and prompt development of urinary proteomics, many challenges are still in front of us. Research effort and financial investment have to be oriented on providing strategies for exceeding current methodological and technical obstacles in a way to ensure the successful validation and implementation of newly discovered urinary biomarkers. The result is expected to be the development of new non-invasive tests and procedures able to guarantee higher efficiency of patient care and provide needed personalized medical approach.
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Thomas CE, Sexton W, Benson K, Sutphen R, Koomen J. Urine collection and processing for protein biomarker discovery and quantification. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:953-9. [PMID: 20332277 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urine is a useful source of protein for biomarker discovery and assessment because it is readily available, can be obtained by noninvasive collection methods, and enables monitoring of a wide range of physiologic processes and diseases. Urine aliquots provide enough protein for multiple analyses, combining current protocols with new techniques. CONCLUSIONS Standardized collection and processing protocols are now being established and new methods for protein detection and quantification are emerging to complement traditional immunoassays. The current state of urine collection, specimen processing, and storage is reviewed with regard to discovery and quantification of protein biomarkers for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Eric Thomas
- Proteomics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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