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Ćwiertnia A, Borzyszkowska D, Golara A, Tuczyńska N, Kozłowski M, Poncyljusz W, Sompolska-Rzechuła A, Kotrych K, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. Ovarian Cancer Staging-How CT Scan Descriptions Differ from Surgical Findings. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4560. [PMID: 39124826 PMCID: PMC11312800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Most often, it is detected in an advanced stage due to its insidious onset and lack of symptoms in stages I and II. That is why imaging diagnostics is so important. Therefore, we assessed the consistency of the image seen on CT with the actual image assessed during surgery. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare preoperative evaluation based on CT reports with those obtained during ovarian cancer surgery to determine whether CT is helpful in assessing the possibility of optimal or complete cytoreduction. Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy with cytoreduction. We compared ovarian cancer lesions described by radiologists on CT scans to those described during laparoscopy or laparotomy; the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired observations was used to compare the variables. Results: We observed that the morphology of the tumor, mesenteric infiltration, and the assessment of the involvement of the abdominal, para-aortic, and iliac lymph nodes may differ in CT examination and during surgery. Conclusions: The site of the tumor exit on a CT scan does not always reflect the original site seen during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Ćwiertnia
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (N.T.); (A.C.-P.)
| | - Dominika Borzyszkowska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (N.T.); (A.C.-P.)
| | - Anna Golara
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (N.T.); (A.C.-P.)
| | - Natalia Tuczyńska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (N.T.); (A.C.-P.)
| | - Mateusz Kozłowski
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (N.T.); (A.C.-P.)
| | - Wojciech Poncyljusz
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Sompolska-Rzechuła
- Department of Applied Mathematics in Economics, Faculty of Economics, West Pomerania University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego 31, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kotrych
- Institute of X-ray Diagnostic and CT, USG and MRI Scanning Workroom, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (N.T.); (A.C.-P.)
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Liu L, Zhang W, Wang Y, Wu J, Fan Q, Chen W, Zhou L, Li J, Li Y. Radiomics combined with clinical and MRI features may provide preoperative evaluation of suboptimal debulking surgery for serous ovarian carcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024:10.1007/s00261-024-04343-3. [PMID: 39003651 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate a model for predicting suboptimal debulking surgery (SDS) of serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) using radiomics method, clinical and MRI features. METHODS 228 patients eligible from institution A (randomly divided into the training and internal validation cohorts) and 45 patients from institution B (external validation cohort) were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent abdominal pelvic enhanced MRI scan, including T2-weighted imaging fat-suppressed fast spin-echo (T2FSE), T1-weighted dual-echo magnetic resonance imaging (T1DEI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and T1 with contrast enhancement (T1CE). We extracted, selected and eliminated highly correlated radiomic features for each sequence. Then, Radiomic models were made by each single sequence, dual-sequence (T1CE + T2FSE), and all-sequence, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to screen the clinical and MRI independent predictors. The radiomic model with the highest area under the curve (AUC) was used to combine the independent predictors as a combined model. RESULTS The optimal radiomic model was based on dual sequences (T2FSE + T1CE) among the five radiomic models (AUC = 0.720, P < 0.05). Serum carbohydrate antigen 125, the relationship between sigmoid colon/rectum and ovarian mass or mass implanted in Douglas' pouch, diaphragm nodules, and peritoneum/mesentery nodules were considered independent predictors. The AUC of the radiomic-clinical-radiological model was higher than either the optimal radiomic model or the clinical-radiological model in the training cohort (AUC = 0.908 vs. 0.720/0.854). CONCLUSIONS The radiomic-clinical-radiological model has an overall algorithm reproducibility and may help create individualized treatment programs and improve the prognosis of patients with SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, No. 23 ZhongyangGongyuanBei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, No. 23 ZhongyangGongyuanBei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Algorithms, InferVision, Ocean International Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jiangfen Wu
- Institute of Clinical Algorithms, InferVision, Ocean International Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Qianrui Fan
- Institute of Clinical Algorithms, InferVision, Ocean International Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Weidao Chen
- Institute of Clinical Algorithms, InferVision, Ocean International Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Linyi Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 40024, China
| | - Juncai Li
- Department of Surgery, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, No. 23 ZhongyangGongyuanBei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, China.
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Si Y, Song N, Ji Y. Construction of a nomogram model for predicting the outcome of debulking surgery for ovarian cancer on the basis of clinical indicators. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1421247. [PMID: 39050577 PMCID: PMC11266020 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1421247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the risk factors affecting satisfaction with debulking surgery for ovarian cancer and establish a preoperative clinical predictive model. Methods Clinical data from 131 patients who underwent ovarian cancer debulking surgery at Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital between 2016 and 2022 were collected. Patients were randomly separated into an experimental group and a control group in a 7:3 ratio. On the basis of intraoperative outcomes, patients were grouped as either surgery-satisfactory or surgery-unsatisfactory. Clinical indicators were compared through single-factor analysis between groups. Significantly different factors (p < 0.1) were further analyzed through multivariate logistic regression. A predictive nomogram model was developed and validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration, and clinical decision curves. Results Single-factor analysis revealed the significance of factors such as albumin levels, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ECOG scores, CA125, HE4, and lymph node metastasis. Multivariate regression analysis identified albumin levels, ALP, ECOG scores, HE4, and lymph node metastasis as independent risk factors for satisfactory surgical outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer undergoing debulking surgery as (p < 0.05). A clinical predictive model was successfully constructed. ROC curves showed AUC values of 0.818 and 0.796 for the experimental and validation groups, respectively. Internal validation through the bootstrap method confirmed the model's fit in both groups. Meanwhile, the clinical decision curve demonstrated the model's high utility. Conclusion Independent risk factors associated with satisfactory tumor reduction in patients with ovarian cancer undergoing debulking surgery included decreased albumin levels, ALP > 137 U/L, ECOG = 1 score, HE4 > 140 pmol/L, and lymph node metastasis. Constructing a clinical predictive model through logistic regression analysis enables individualized testing and maximizes clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ningjia Song
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Vizzielli G, Giudice MT, Nardelli F, Costantini B, Salutari V, Inzani FS, Zannoni GF, Chiantera V, Di Giorgio A, Pacelli F, Fagotti A, Scambia G. Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) Applied to Platinum-Resistant Recurrence of Ovarian Tumor: A Single-Institution Experience (ID: PARROT Trial). Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1207-1216. [PMID: 38099993 PMCID: PMC10761392 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) in platinum-resistant recurrence of ovarian cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis, while our secondary endpoint was to establish any changes in quality of life estimated via the EORTC QLQ-30 and QLQ-OV28 questionnaires. METHODS In this monocentric, single-arm, phase II trial, women were prospectively recruited and every 28-42 days underwent courses of PIPAC with doxorubicin 2.1 mg/m2 followed by cisplatin 10.5 mg/m2 via sequential laparoscopy. RESULTS Overall, 98 PIPAC procedures were performed on 43 women from January 2016 to January 2020; three procedures were aborted due to extensive intra-abdominal adhesions. The clinical benefit rate (CBR) was reached in 82% of women. Three cycles of PIPAC were completed in 18 women (45%), and 13 (32.5%) and 9 (22.5%) patients were subjected to one and two cycles, respectively. During two PIPAC procedures, patients experienced an intraoperative intestinal perforation. There were no treatment-related deaths. Nineteen patients showed no response according to the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS) and 8 patients showed minor response according to the PRGS. Median time from ovarian cancer relapse to disease progression was 12 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.483-17.517), while the median overall survival was 27 months (95% CI 20.337-33.663). The EORTC QLQ-28 and EORTC QLQ-30 scores did not worsen during therapy. CONCLUSIONS PIPAC seems a feasible approach for the treatment of this subset of patients, without any impact on their quality of life. Since this study had a small sample size and a single-center design, future research is mandatory, such as its application in addition to systemic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Giudice
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Nardelli
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Costantini
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Vanda Salutari
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Frediano Socrate Inzani
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gian Franco Zannoni
- Gynecopathology and Breast Pathology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Chiantera
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS "Civico - Di Cristina - Benfratelli", Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Giorgio
- Surgical Unit of Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pacelli
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS "Civico - Di Cristina - Benfratelli", Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Surgical Unit of Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Gynecopathology and Breast Pathology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Gynecopathology and Breast Pathology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Kostov S, Selçuk I, Watrowski R, Dineva S, Kornovski Y, Slavchev S, Ivanova Y, Yordanov A. Neglected Anatomical Areas in Ovarian Cancer: Significance for Optimal Debulking Surgery. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:285. [PMID: 38254777 PMCID: PMC10813817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), the most lethal gynecological malignancy, usually presents in advanced stages. Characterized by peritoneal and lymphatic dissemination, OC necessitates a complex surgical approach usually involving the upper abdomen with the aim of achieving optimal cytoreduction without visible macroscopic disease (R0). Failures in optimal cytoreduction, essential for prognosis, often stem from overlooking anatomical neglected sites that harbor residual tumor. Concealed OC metastases may be found in anatomical locations such as the omental bursa; Morison's pouch; the base of the round ligament and hepatic bridge; the splenic hilum; and suprarenal, retrocrural, cardiophrenic and inguinal lymph nodes. Hence, mastery of anatomy is crucial, given the necessity for maneuvers like liver mobilization, diaphragmatic peritonectomy and splenectomy, as well as dissection of suprarenal, celiac, and cardiophrenic lymph nodes in most cases. This article provides a meticulous anatomical description of neglected anatomical areas during OC surgery and describes surgical steps essential for the dissection of these "neglected" areas. This knowledge should equip clinicians with the tools needed for safe and complete cytoreduction in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoyan Kostov
- Research Institute, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University—“Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Ilker Selçuk
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Maternity Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Rafał Watrowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helios Hospital Müllheim, 79379 Müllheim, Germany;
- Faculty Associate, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Svetla Dineva
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- National Cardiology Hospital, 1309 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yavor Kornovski
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University—“Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Stanislav Slavchev
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University—“Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Yonka Ivanova
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University—“Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Angel Yordanov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
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Pinto P, Burgetova A, Cibula D, Haldorsen IS, Indrielle-Kelly T, Fischerova D. Prediction of Surgical Outcome in Advanced Ovarian Cancer by Imaging and Laparoscopy: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061904. [PMID: 36980790 PMCID: PMC10047411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Maximal-effort upfront or interval debulking surgery is the recommended approach for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. The role of diagnostic imaging is to provide a systematic and structured report on tumour dissemination with emphasis on key sites for resectability. Imaging methods, such as pelvic and abdominal ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, yield high diagnostic performance for diagnosing bulky disease, but they are less accurate for depicting small-volume carcinomatosis, which may lead to unnecessary explorative laparotomies. Diagnostic laparoscopy, on the other hand, may directly visualize intraperitoneal involvement but has limitations in detecting tumours beyond the gastrosplenic ligament, in the lesser sac, mesenteric root or in the retroperitoneum. Laparoscopy has its place in combination with imaging in cases where ima-ging results regarding resectability are unclear. Different imaging models predicting tumour resectability have been developed as an adjunctional objective tool. Incorporating results from tumour quantitative analyses (e.g., radiomics), preoperative biopsies and biomarkers into predictive models may allow for more precise selection of patients eligible for extensive surgery. This review will discuss the ability of imaging and laparoscopy to predict non-resectable disease in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pinto
- Department of Gynecology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Burgetova
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Cibula
- Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ingfrid S Haldorsen
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Section of Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Tereza Indrielle-Kelly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Burton and Derby Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby DE13 0RB, UK
| | - Daniela Fischerova
- Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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Development and Validation of 18F-FDG PET/CT-Based Models for Predicting Successful Complete Cytoreduction During Primary Cytoreductive Surgery for Advanced Ovarian cancer. Clin Nucl Med 2023; 48:e51-e59. [PMID: 36607373 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop an 18F-FDG PET/CT-based model to predict complete cytoreduction during primary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for ovarian cancer (OC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively identified patients with stage III-IV OC who underwent primary CRS between June 2013 and February 2020 at 2 tertiary centers. Patients from each hospital were assigned to training and test sets. The abdominal cavity was divided into 3 sections, and data for the PET/CT-derived parameters were collected through image analysis. Various prediction models were constructed by combining clinicopathologic characteristics and PET/CT-derived parameters. The performance of the model with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was externally validated. RESULTS The training and test sets included 159 and 166 patients, respectively. The median age of patients in the test set was 55 years; 72.3% of them had stage III tumors, and 65.4% underwent complete cytoreduction. Metabolic tumor volume, total lesion glycolysis, and the number of metastatic lesions above the upper margin of the renal vein (area A) were selected among the PET/CT parameters. The best predictive multivariable model consisted of CA-125 (<750 or ≥750 IU/mL), number of metastatic lesions (<2 or ≥2), and metabolic tumor volume of area A, predicting complete cytoreduction with an AUC of 0.768. The model was validated using a test set. Its predictive performance yielded an AUC of 0.771. CONCLUSIONS We successfully developed and validated a preoperative model to predict complete cytoreduction in advanced OC. This model can facilitate patient selection for primary CRS in clinical practice.
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Di Donna MC, Cucinella G, Zaccaria G, Lo Re G, Crapanzano A, Salerno S, Giallombardo V, Sozzi G, Fagotti A, Scambia G, Laganà AS, Chiantera V. Concordance of Radiological, Laparoscopic and Laparotomic Scoring to Predict Complete Cytoreduction in Women with Advanced Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020500. [PMID: 36672451 PMCID: PMC9856465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the best method among the radiologic, laparoscopic and laparotomic scoring assessment to predict the outcomes of cytoreductive surgery in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). METHODS Patients with AOC who underwent pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan, laparoscopic evaluation, and cytoreductive surgery between August 2016 and February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Predictive Index (PI) score and Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) scores were used to estimate the tumor load and predict the residual disease in the primary debulking surgery (PDS) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) groups. Concordance percentages were calculated between the two scores. RESULTS Among 100 eligible patients, 69 underwent PDS, and 31 underwent NACT and IDS. Complete cytoreduction was achieved in 72.5% of patients in the PDS group and 77.4% in the IDS. In patients undergoing PDS, the laparoscopic PI and the laparotomic PCI had the best accuracies for complete cytoreduction (R0) [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.78 and AUC = 0.83, respectively]. In the IDS group, the laparotomic PI (AUC = 0.75) and the laparoscopic PCI (AUC= 0.87) were associated with the best accuracy in R0 prediction. Furthermore, radiological assessment, through PI and PCI, was associated with the worst accuracy in either PDS or IDS group (PI in PDS: AUC = 0.64; PCI in PDS: AUC = 0.64; PI in IDS: AUC = 0.46; PCI in IDS: AUC = 0.47). CONCLUSION The laparoscopic score assessment had high accuracy for optimal cytoreduction in AOC patients undergoing PDS or IDS. Integrating diagnostic laparoscopy in the decision-making algorithm to accurately triage AOC patients to different treatment strategies seems necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Catello Di Donna
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cucinella
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Zaccaria
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Re
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Agata Crapanzano
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Salerno
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giallombardo
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulio Sozzi
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Vito Chiantera
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Nougaret S, Sadowski E, Lakhman Y, Rousset P, Lahaye M, Worley M, Sgarbura O, Shinagare AB. The BUMPy road of peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer. Diagn Interv Imaging 2022; 103:448-459. [PMID: 36155744 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of death due to gynecologic malignancies, with more than 70% of patients presenting with advanced stage disease at the time of diagnosis. The extent and distribution of tumor guide primary treatment selection and clinical management. While primary cytoreductive surgery with complete tumor resection improves survival, patients with extensive peritoneal disease may benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy first to reduce tumor burden followed by interval cytoreductive surgery. Imaging plays an essential role in triaging patients including selecting patients who may benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cytoreductive surgery. Interestingly, there are no universally established criteria to predict resectability and local practices depend on local guidelines and surgeon preferences. Nevertheless, certain anatomical tumor locations are known to be difficult to resect and are associated with suboptimal cytoreduction or require special surgical considerations. This review discusses the recent advances in the initial management of patients with ovarian cancer, a practical approach to the assessment and communication of peritoneal metastases locations on CT and MRI. It also explores recent advances in genomics profiling and radiomics that may influence the initial management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Nougaret
- Department of Radiology, IRCM, Montpellier Cancer Research Institute, 34090 Montpellier, France; INSERM, U1194, University of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France.
| | - Elizabeth Sadowski
- Departments of Radiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, WI 53726, United States
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Pascal Rousset
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Benite 69495, France
| | - Max Lahaye
- Department of Radiology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Worley
- Department of Surgery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Olivia Sgarbura
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France; Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Montpellier (ICM), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Atul B Shinagare
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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10
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Zheng Y, Wang F, Zhang W, Li Y, Yang B, Yang X, Dong T. Preoperative CT-based deep learning model for predicting overall survival in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:986089. [PMID: 36158664 PMCID: PMC9504666 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.986089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is aggressive and has a high mortality rate. A Vit-based deep learning model was developed to predicting overall survival in HGSOC patients based on preoperative CT images. Methods 734 patients with HGSOC were retrospectively studied at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University with preoperative CT images and clinical information. The whole dataset was randomly split into training cohort (n = 550) and validation cohort (n = 184). A Vit-based deep learning model was built to output an independent prognostic risk score, afterward, a nomogram was then established for predicting overall survival. Results Our Vit-based deep learning model showed promising results in predicting survival in the training cohort (AUC = 0.822) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.823). The multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the image score was an independent prognostic factor in the training (HR = 9.03, 95% CI: 4.38, 18.65) and validation cohorts (HR = 9.59, 95% CI: 4.20, 21.92). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicates that the image score obtained from model yields promising prognostic significance to refine the risk stratification of patients with HGSOC, and the integrative nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.74 in the training cohort and 0.72 in the validation cohort. Conclusions Our model provides a non-invasive, simple, and feasible method to predicting overall survival in patients with HGSOC based on preoperative CT images, which could help predicting the survival prognostication and may facilitate clinical decision making in the era of individualized and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- Operating room, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiology, Qingzhou People’s Hospital, Qingzhou, China
| | - Xingsheng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingsheng Yang, ; Taotao Dong,
| | - Taotao Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingsheng Yang, ; Taotao Dong,
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Integrated Clinical and Genomic Models to Predict Optimal Cytoreduction in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143554. [PMID: 35884615 PMCID: PMC9323510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Approximately 30% of patients with advanced, high-grade serous ovarian cancer who undergo surgery will have a suboptimal result, resulting in decreased overall survival. Improving the ability to predict a successful surgery would improve survival. We aimed to use tumor genomics to create prediction models, which would predict an optimal or complete cytoreduction prior to entering the operating room. We created two sets of models, one for optimal and one for complete cytoreduction. We then validated those models using the TCGA database as well as statistical learning. We developed 21 models for optimal cytoreduction and 37 models for complete cytoreduction, which have the potential to improve our ability to predict these surgical results in patients with ovarian cancer before taking them to the operating room. Improving our pre-operative decision-making will result in more patients having the desired surgical results and, therefore, improved survival. Abstract Advanced high-grade serous (HGSC) ovarian cancer is treated with either primary surgery followed by chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval surgery. The decision to proceed with surgery primarily or after chemotherapy is based on a surgeon’s clinical assessment and prediction of an optimal outcome. Optimal and complete cytoreductive surgery are correlated with improved overall survival. This clinical assessment results in an optimal surgery approximately 70% of the time. We hypothesize that this prediction can be improved by using biological tumor data to predict optimal cytoreduction. With access to a large biobank of ovarian cancer tumors, we obtained genomic data on 83 patients encompassing gene expression, exon expression, long non-coding RNA, micro RNA, single nucleotide variants, copy number variation, DNA methylation, and fusion transcripts. We then used statistical learning methods (lasso regression) to integrate these data with pre-operative clinical information to create predictive models to discriminate which patient would have an optimal or complete cytoreductive outcome. These models were then validated within The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HGSC database and using machine learning methods (TensorFlow). Of the 124 models created and validated for optimal cytoreduction, 21 performed at least equal to, if not better than, our historical clinical rate of optimal debulking in advanced-stage HGSC as a control. Of the 89 models created to predict complete cytoreduction, 37 have the potential to outperform clinical decision-making. Prospective validation of these models could result in improving our ability to objectively predict which patients will undergo optimal cytoreduction and, therefore, improve our ovarian cancer outcomes.
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Tsili AC, Naka C, Argyropoulou MI. Multidetector computed tomography in diagnosing peritoneal metastases in ovarian carcinoma. Acta Radiol 2021; 62:1696-1706. [PMID: 33334121 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120980006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) of the abdomen is currently the imaging examination of choice for the staging and follow-up of ovarian carcinoma (OC). Peritoneal metastases (PMs) represent the most common pathway for the metastatic spread of OC. MDCT scanners, due to several advantages-including increased volume coverage, reduced scanning time, acquisition of thin slices and creation of multiplanar reformations, and three-dimensional reconstructions-provide useful information regarding the early and accurate detection of PMs. Detailed mapping of peritoneal carcinomatosis is feasible, with improved detection of sub-centimeter peritoneal implants and thorough evaluation of curved peritoneal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina C Tsili
- Department of Clinical Radiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christina Naka
- Department of Clinical Radiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria I Argyropoulou
- Department of Clinical Radiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Panagiotopoulou PB, Courcoutsakis N, Tentes A, Prassopoulos P. CT imaging of peritoneal carcinomatosis with surgical correlation: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:168. [PMID: 34767065 PMCID: PMC8589944 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoreductive surgery in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has revolutionized the survival and the quality of life in selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Preoperative CT is important for the selection of patients that may benefit from cytoreductive surgery and is useful for surgical planning. There are several tasks for the radiologist during CT interpretation: to describe cancerous implants on a "site-by-site" basis in the peritoneum, ligaments, mesenteries and visceral surfaces, to analyze patterns of involvement and to estimate the disease burden. Knowledge of the correlation between the CT and the surgical findings enhances the understanding of the disease and facilitates the communication between radiologists and surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikos Courcoutsakis
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Apostolos Tentes
- Department of Surgery, Euromedica "Kyanos Stavros" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panos Prassopoulos
- Department of Radiology, AHEPA UniversityHospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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14
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Nasioudis D, Byrne M, Ko EM, Haggerty AF, Cory L, Giuntoli Ii RL, Kim SH, Latif NA. Ascites volume at the time of primary debulking and overall survival of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2021; 31:1579-1583. [PMID: 34702746 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2021-002978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of malignant ascites volume on the outcomes of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma who undergo primary debulking surgery. METHODS Patients diagnosed with stage III-IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma and bulky intra-abdominal (TIIIC) disease between 2010 and 2015, who underwent primary debulking surgery followed by multi-agent chemotherapy and known status of residual disease, were drawn from the National Cancer Database. Based on available information, the presence and volume of malignant ascites was categorized as absent, low (<980 mL), and high (>980 mL) volume. Median overall survival was determined from Kaplan-Meier curves and compared with the log rank test. A multivariate Cox model was constructed to control for confounders. RESULTS 2493 patients were identified; 31.9% (n=795) had no ascites, 40.2% (n=1001) had low, and 28% (n=697) had high volume malignant ascites. Rate of complete gross resection was higher for patients with no ascites (65.9%) compared with those with low (35.6%) and high (23%) volume ascites (p<0.001). After controlling for stage, histology, grade, age, and comorbidities, compared with those with no ascites, patients with low (odds ratio (OR) 3.49, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.89 to 4.26) and high (OR 6.40, 95% CI 5.07 to 8.06) volume ascites were more likely to have gross residual disease. For patients who achieved complete gross resection after controlling for confounders compared with patients with no ascites, those with low (hazard ratio (HR) 1.37, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.72) and high volume ascites (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.55) had worse overall survival. Similarly, patients with low volume ascites had better survival compared with those with high volume ascites (HR 0.71 95% CI 0.54 to 0.93). CONCLUSIONS The presence and volume of malignant ascites at the time of primary debulking surgery was associated with the likelihood of achieving a complete gross resection and worse overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Nasioudis
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maureen Byrne
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily M Ko
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashley F Haggerty
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lori Cory
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert L Giuntoli Ii
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah H Kim
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nawar A Latif
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Preoperative CT or PET/CT to Assess Pelvic and Para-Aortic Lymph Node Status in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101748. [PMID: 34679446 PMCID: PMC8534764 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the LION trial restricted lymphadenectomy indication to patients with suspect lymph nodes before and during surgery. Preoperative imaging is used to assess lymph node status, and particularly CT and PET/CT. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative CT and PET/CT to detect lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with EOC; Methods: Databases were searched from January 1990 to May 2019 for studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative CT and PET/CT to detect LNM in patients with EOC with histology as the gold standard. Pooled diagnostic accuracy was calculated using bivariate random-effects models and hierarchical summary receiver operating curve (HSROC). This study is registered with PROSPERO number CRD42020179214; Results: A total of five studies were included in the meta-analysis: four articles concerned preoperative CT and four articles concerned preoperative PET/CT, involving 106 and 138 patients, respectively. For preoperative CT, pooled sensitivity was 0.47 95% CI [0.20–0.76], pooled specificity was 0.99 95% CI [0.75–1.00] and area under the curve (AUC) of the HSROC was 0.91 95% CI [0.88–0.93]. For preoperative PET/CT, pooled sensitivity was 0.81 95% CI [0.61–0.92], pooled specificity was 0.96 95% CI [0.91–0.99] and AUC of the HSROC was 0.97 95% CI [0.95–0.98]; Conclusions: PET/CT has a very high diagnostic accuracy, especially for specificity, to detect LNM in EOC and should be realized systematically, additionally to CT recommended to evaluate peritoneal spread, in the preoperative staging of patients with an advanced disease.
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Albright BB, Monuszko KA, Kaplan SJ, Davidson BA, Moss HA, Huang AB, Melamed A, Wright JD, Havrilesky LJ, Previs RA. Primary cytoreductive surgery for advanced stage endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 225:237.e1-237.e24. [PMID: 33957111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometrial cancer uncommonly presents at an advanced stage and little prospective evidence exists to guide the management thereof. We aimed to summarize the evidence about primary cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of advanced stage endometrial cancer. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to September 11, 2020, using search terms representing the themes "endometrial cancer," "advanced stage," and "primary cytoreductive surgery." STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included full-text, English reports that included ≥10 patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery for advanced stage endometrial cancer and that reported on the outcomes of primary cytoreductive surgery and survival rates based on the residual disease burden. METHODS Two reviewers independently screened the studies and with disagreements between the reviewers resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted using a standardized form. The percentage of cases reaching maximal (no gross residual disease) and optimal (<1 cm or <2 cm residual disease) cytoreduction were assessed by summing binomials proportions, and the association with survival was assessed using an inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis of logarithmic hazard ratios. RESULTS From 1219 unique records identified, 34 studies were selected for inclusion. Studies consisted of single or multi-institutional cohorts of patients collected over a period of 6 to 24 years and included various mixes of histologies (endometrioid, serous, clear cell, and carcinosarcoma) and disease stages (III or IV). In a meta-analysis of the extent of residual disease after primary cytoreductive surgery, we found that 52.1% of cases reached no gross residual disease status (n=18 studies; 1329 patients) and 75% reached <1 cm residual disease status (n=27 studies; 2343 patients). The proportion of cytoreduction for both thresholds was lower for studies of stage IV vs stage III to IV disease (41.4% vs 69.8% for no gross residual disease; 63.2% vs 82.2% for <1 cm residual disease) but did not vary notably by histology. In a meta-analysis of the reported hazard ratios, submaximal (any gross residual disease vs no gross residual disease) and suboptimal (≥1 cm vs <1 cm) cytoreduction thresholds were associated with worse progression-free survival (submaximal hazard ratio, 2.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-3.21; I2=68%; suboptimal hazard ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.93-3.37; I2=63%) and overall survival rates (submaximal hazard ratio, 2.57; 95% confidence interval, 2.13-3.10; I2=1%; suboptimal hazard ratio, 2.62; 95% confidence interval, 2.20-3.11; I2=15%). Sensitivity analyses limited to high-quality studies demonstrated consistent results. CONCLUSION Among cases of advanced stage endometrial cancer undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery, a significant proportion of patients are left with residual disease, which is associated with worse survival outcomes. Further investigations about the roles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and primary cytoreductive surgery in prospective trials is warranted in this population.
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Fleming ND, Westin SN, Rauh-Hain JA, Soliman PT, Fellman BM, Coleman RL, Meyer LA, Shafer A, Cobb LP, Jazaeri A, Lu KH, Sood AK. Factors associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced stage ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 162:65-71. [PMID: 33838925 PMCID: PMC8287765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the factors associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and the ability to undergo interval tumor reductive surgery (iTRS) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS We performed a retrospective review from April 2013 to March 2019 of patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer triaged to NACT based on our standard triage algorithm. Clinicopathologic and treatment data were analyzed for factors associated with response to NACT, outcomes at iTRS, and their impact on progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS 562 patients met inclusion criteria and triaged to NACT following laparoscopy (n = 132) or without laparoscopy (n = 430). 413 patients underwent iTRS (74%). Factors that correlated with a patient reaching iTRS included increasing age (p < 0.001), higher Charlson comorbidity index (p < 0.001), ECOG status 2 or 3 (<0.001), and laparoscopic assessment (<0.001). Patients with CA-125 ≤ 35 U/mL at iTRS had higher rates of complete gross resection (88% vs. 65%, p < 0.001) and improved PFS (16.8 vs. 12.7 months, p < 0.001). Patients receiving dose-dense paclitaxel (76% vs. 60%, p = 0.004) and CA-125 ≤ 35 U/mL at iTRS (85% vs. 66%, p < 0.001) had higher rates of complete radiographic response. On multivariate analysis, germline BRCA 1/2 mutation (p = 0.001), iTRS vs. no surgery (R0, p < 0.001; ≤1 cm, p < 0.001; >1 cm, p < 0.001), dose-dense chemotherapy (p = 0.01), and CA-125 ≤ 35 U/mL at iTRS (p = 0.001) were independent significant factors affecting PFS. CONCLUSIONS Normalization of CA-125 at the time of iTRS following NACT may serve as a surrogate marker for prognosis in this high-risk population. Our NACT cohort experienced improved response rates and PFS with dose-dense therapy compared to conventional dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Fleming
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - J Alejandro Rauh-Hain
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Pamela T Soliman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Bryan M Fellman
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Robert L Coleman
- US Oncology Research, The Woodlands, TX. 77380, United States of America
| | - Larissa A Meyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Aaron Shafer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Lauren P Cobb
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Amir Jazaeri
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Karen H Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
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Benoit L, Zerbib J, Koual M, Nguyen-Xuan HT, Delanoy N, Le Frère-Belda MA, Bentivegna E, Bats AS, Fournier L, Azaïs H. What can we learn from the 10 mm lymph node size cut-off on the CT in advanced ovarian cancer at the time of interval debulking surgery? Gynecol Oncol 2021; 162:667-673. [PMID: 34217542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benefit of a systematic lymphadenectomy is still debated in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) in ovarian cancer (OC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the pre-NACT and post-NACT CT in predicting definitive histological lymph node involvement. The prognostic value of a positive node on the CT was also assessed. MATERIEL AND METHODS A retrospective, unicentric cohort study was performed including all patients with ovarian cancer who underwent NACT and IDS with a lymphadenectomy between 2005 and 2018. CT were analyzed blinded to pathology, and nodes with small axis ≥ 10 mm on CT were considered positive. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and negative (NPV) and positive predictive values (PPV) and their CI95% were calculated. The 2-year recurrence free survival (RFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) was compared. RESULTS 158 patients were included, among which 92 (58%) had histologically positive lymph nodes. CT had a Se, Sp, NPV and PPV of 35%, 82%, 47% and 73% before NACT and 20%, 97%, 47% and 91% after NACT, respectively. Patients with nodes considered positive had a non-significant lower 2-year RFS and 5-year OS on the pre-NACT and post-NACT CT. Patients at 'high risk' (nodes stayed positive on the CT or became positive after NACT) also had a non-significant lower 2-year RFS and 5-year OS. CONCLUSION Presence of enlarged lymph nodes on CT is a weak indicator of lymph node involvement in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing NACT. However, it could be used to assess prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Benoit
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France; Paris University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM UMR-S 1124, Université de Paris, Centre Universitaire des Saint-Père, Paris, France.
| | - Jonathan Zerbib
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Department of Radiology, PARCC UMRS 970, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Meriem Koual
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France; Paris University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM UMR-S 1124, Université de Paris, Centre Universitaire des Saint-Père, Paris, France
| | - Huyen-Thu Nguyen-Xuan
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Delanoy
- Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP. Centre, Paris, France
| | | | - Enrica Bentivegna
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bats
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France; Paris University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM UMR-S 1147, Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Laure Fournier
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Department of Radiology, PARCC UMRS 970, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Henri Azaïs
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France; Paris University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM UMR-S 1147, Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
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Kim NY, Jung DC, Lee JY, Han KH, Oh YT. CT-Based Fagotti Scoring System for Non-Invasive Prediction of Cytoreduction Surgery Outcome in Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer. Korean J Radiol 2021; 22:1481-1489. [PMID: 34132077 PMCID: PMC8390820 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To construct a CT-based Fagotti scoring system by analyzing the correlations between laparoscopic findings and CT features in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with stage III/IV ovarian cancer who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and debulking surgery between January 2010 and June 2018. Two radiologists independently reviewed preoperative CT scans and assessed ten CT features known as predictors of suboptimal cytoreduction. Correlation analysis between ten CT features and seven laparoscopic parameters based on the Fagotti scoring system was performed using Spearman's correlation. Variable selection and model construction were performed by logistic regression with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method using a predictive index value (PIV) ≥ 8 as an indicator of suboptimal cytoreduction. The final CT-based scoring system was internally validated using 5-fold cross-validation. Results A total of 157 patients (median age, 56 years; range, 27–79 years) were evaluated. Among 120 (76.4%) patients with a PIV ≥ 8, 105 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery, and the optimal cytoreduction rate was 90.5% (95 of 105). Among 37 (23.6%) patients with PIV < 8, 29 patients underwent primary debulking surgery, and the optimal cytoreduction rate was 93.1% (27 of 29). CT features showing significant correlations with PIV ≥ 8 were mesenteric involvement, gastro-transverse mesocolon-splenic space involvement, diaphragmatic involvement, and para-aortic lymphadenopathy. The area under the receiver operating curve of the final model for prediction of PIV ≥ 8 was 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.62–0.82). Conclusion Central tumor burden and upper abdominal spread features on preoperative CT were identified as distinct predictive factors for high PIV on diagnostic laparoscopy. The CT-based PIV prediction model might be useful for patient stratification before cytoreduction surgery for advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Chul Jung
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jung Yun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Han
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Taik Oh
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tozzi R, Traill Z, Valenti G, Ferrari F, Gubbala K, Campanile RG. A prospective study on the diagnostic pathway of patients with stage IIIC-IV ovarian cancer: Exploratory laparoscopy (EXL) + CT scan VS. CT scan. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 161:188-193. [PMID: 33514484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the diagnostic power of CT scan to a combination of exploratory laparoscopy (EXL) and CT scan in patients with stage IIIC-IV Ovarian Cancer (OC) by anatomic areas. To investigate if adding EXL to CT can reduce unnecessary laparotomy. METHODS In the period 2009-2017, 350 consecutive patients with FIGO Stage IIIC-IV OC underwent CT and EXL prior to Visceral-Peritoneal debulking (VPD) and were included in the study. Radiologist and surgeons filled an ad-hoc form to report CT scan and EXL of eleven key anatomic areas. The decision to proceed to EXL was based on the CT scan and the decision to proceed to laparotomy (LPT) on CT and EXL. Setting LPT findings as the gold standard, positive and negative predictive value (PPV/NPV), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT, EXL and CT + EXL were calculated. We broke down the diagnostic outcomes by anatomic areas and determined the rate of unnecessary laparotomy avoided with the findings of EXL. RESULTS Median time for the EXL was 14 min (SD +/- 3). No complication related to EXL occurred. At EXL, 325 out of 350 patients (93%) proceeded to LPT and 25 patients (7.1%) did not because of exclusion criteria. In 307 patients out of 325 (94.4%) EXL was followed by VPD. Eighteen patients had exclusion criteria found at LPT and had no VPD. EXL reduced the rate of unnecessary/futile laparotomy from 12.2% to 5.1%. CT + EXL showed a significantly higher sensitivity for all anatomic areas except for the lymph nodes. Specificity was not significantly improved. PPV was significantly improved for small bowel, porta hepatis and stomach. NPV displayed a statistical improvement in all anatomic areas except lymph nodes, stomach, and liver. CONCLUSION The combination CT + EXL has a higher diagnostic power than CT alone, particularly on diaphragm, small bowel serosa and mesentery. The rate of unnecessary laparotomy decreased by almost 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Tozzi
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - Zoe Traill
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Gaetano Valenti
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Federico Ferrari
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Kumar Gubbala
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Gu Y, Qin M, Jin Y, Zuo J, Li N, Bian C, Zhang Y, Li R, Wu YM, Wang CY, Zhang KQ, Yue Y, Wu LY, Pan LY. A Prediction Model for Optimal Primary Debulking Surgery Based on Preoperative Computed Tomography Scans and Clinical Factors in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Oncol 2021; 10:611617. [PMID: 33489921 PMCID: PMC7819136 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.611617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the predictive value of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans and clinical factors for optimal debulking surgery (ODS) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). METHODS Patients with AOC in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III-IV who underwent primary debulking surgery (PDS) between 2016 and 2019 from nine tertiary Chinese hospitals were included. Large-volume ascites, diffuse peritoneal thickening, omental cake, retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement (RLNE) below and above the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), and suspected pelvic bowel, abdominal bowel, liver surface, liver parenchyma and portal, spleen, diaphragm and pleural lesions were evaluated on CT. Preoperative factors included age, platelet count, and albumin and CA125 levels. RESULTS Overall, 296 patients were included, and 250 (84.5%) underwent ODS. The prediction model included age >60 years (P=0.016; prediction index value, PIV=1), a CA125 level >800 U/ml (P=0.033, PIV=1), abdominal bowel metastasis (P=0.034, PIV=1), spleen metastasis (P<0.001, PIV=2), diaphragmatic metastasis (P=0.014, PIV=2), and an RLNE above the IMA (P<0.001, PIV=2). This model had superior discrimination (AUC=0.788>0.750), and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated its stable calibration (P=0.600>0.050). With the aim of maximizing the accuracy of prediction and minimizing the rate of inappropriate explorations, a total PIV ≥5 achieved the highest accuracy of 85.47% and identified patients who underwent suboptimal PDS with a specificity of 100%. CONCLUSIONS We developed a prediction model based on two preoperative clinical factors and four radiological criteria to predict unsatisfactory debulking surgery in patients with AOC. The accuracy of this prediction model needs to be validated and adjusted in further multicenter prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-mei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke-qiang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Ling-ying Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-ya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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A novel laparoscopy-based model for the prediction of optimal cytoreduction and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in a Chinese population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 256:256-262. [PMID: 33259994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of laparoscopy for the prediction of optimal cytoreduction and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in a Chinese population. STUDY DESIGN This study enrolled 162 EOC patients in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2015 to December 2016. All patients underwent preoperative CT scans and laparoscopic assessments. Each patient was scored according to the CT-based predictive model by Bristow and laparoscopy-based predictive model by Fagotti. The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the curve (AUC) of each model were calculated. The predictive scores and clinicopathologic factors were all analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox analysis. A prognostic predictive nomogram was formulated in R software. RESULTS The AUCs of the laparoscopy-based predictive model and CT-based predictive model was 0.955 and 0.755 respectively. At a laparoscopic score ≥ 10, the possibility of optimal cytoreduction was 0, and the risk of unnecessary explorative attempts was 6%. Additionally, laparoscopic score, independent of residual tumor size and FIGO stage, was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in EOC. Notably, the predictive nomogram that we established further confirmed the prognostic value of laparoscopy for prognostic predictions in EOC. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopy has a better discriminating performance than CT in the prediction of optimal cytoreduction in EOC. Moreover, the laparoscopic score is directly correlated with the survival of EOC patients. The laparoscopic score-based nomogram we established showed good potential to predict the prognosis of EOC patients.
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23
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Fleming ND, Westin SN, Meyer LA, Shafer A, Rauh-Hain JA, Onstad M, Cobb L, Bevers M, Fellman BM, Burzawa J, Bhosale P, Zand B, Jazaeri A, Levenback C, Coleman RL, Soliman PT, Sood AK. Correlation of surgeon radiology assessment with laparoscopic disease site scoring in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 31:92-97. [PMID: 33154095 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-001718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiographic triage measures in patients with new advanced ovarian cancer have yielded inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE To determine the correlation between surgeon radiology assessment and laparoscopic scoring by disease sites in patients with newly diagnosed advanced stage ovarian cancer. METHODS Fourteen gynecologic oncology surgeons from a single institution performed a blinded review of pre-operative contrast-enhanced CT imaging from patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer. Each of the patients had also undergone laparoscopic scoring assessment, between April 2013 and December 2017, to determine primary resectability using the validated Fagotti scoring method, and assigned a predictive index value score. Surgeons were asked to provide expected predictive index value scores based on their blinded review of the antecedent CT imaging. Linear mixed models were conducted to calculate the correlation between radiologic and laparoscopic score for surgeons individually, and as a group. Once the model was fit, the inter-class correlation and 95% CI were calculated. RESULTS Radiology review was performed on 20 patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer who underwent laparoscopic scoring assessment. Surgeon faculty rank included assistant professor (n=5), associate professor (p=4), and professor (n=5). The kappa inter-rater agreement was -0.017 (95% CI -0.023 to -0.005), indicating low inter-rater agreement between radiology review and actual laparoscopic score. The inter-class correlation in this model was 0.06 (0.02-0.21), indicating that surgeons do not score the same across all the images. When using a clinical cut-off point for the predictive index value of 8, the probability of agreement between radiology and actual laparoscopic score was 0.56 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.73). Examination of disease site sub-scales showed that the probability of agreement was as follows: peritoneum 0.57 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.62), diaphragm 0.54 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.60), mesentery 0.51 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.57), omentum 0.61 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.67), bowel 0.54 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.64), stomach 0.71 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.76), and liver 0.36 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.42). The number of laparoscopic scoring cases, tumor reductive surgery cases, or faculty rank was not significantly associated with overall or sub-scale agreement. CONCLUSIONS Surgeon radiology review did not correlate highly with actual laparoscopic scoring assessment findings in patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer. Our study highlights the limited accuracy of surgeon radiographic assessment to determine resectability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Fleming
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Larissa A Meyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron Shafer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jose Alejandro Rauh-Hain
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michaela Onstad
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren Cobb
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Bevers
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bryan M Fellman
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Burzawa
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Priya Bhosale
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Behrouz Zand
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amir Jazaeri
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Charles Levenback
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pamela T Soliman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Stachs A, Engel K, Stubert J, Reimer T, Gerber B, Dieterich M. The Significance of Preoperative Computed Tomography for Predicting Optimal Cytoreduction in Advanced Ovarian Cancer. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020; 80:915-923. [PMID: 32905205 PMCID: PMC7467804 DOI: 10.1055/a-1226-6505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Optimal cytoreduction is the most important prognostic factor in advanced ovarian cancer. Although staging and assessment of operability are made by exploratory surgery, preoperative computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen is regarded as standard. The aim of this study was to examine various CT parameters with regard to prediction of optimal cytoreduction. Patients and Methods The retrospective study included 131 patients with ovarian cancer newly diagnosed between 2010 and 2014. Of these, n = 36 with FIGO stage I to IIB were excluded from the study. A preoperative abdominal CT was available for n = 75 of the 95 patients with FIGO stage IIC to IV. The CT scans underwent blinded review. The 11 evaluated CT parameters were examined by means of χ 2 test and logistic regression analysis with regard to the endpoints of macroscopic residual tumour and residual tumour > 1 cm. Survival analyses used the Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test. Results Of 75 patients, 28 (37.3%) had complete tumour resection and 26 (34.7%) had residual tumour ≤ 1 cm. Residual tumours > 1 cm were found in 21 (28%) patients, five of which were not resectable. Overall survival with residual tumour > 1 cm differed significantly from the group with no macroscopic residual tumour (p = 0.003) and with residual tumour ≤ 1 cm (p = 0.04). The CT parameters tumour foci in the diaphragm, mesocolon, greater omentum and peritoneum as well as ascites correlated with macroscopic residual tumour. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis only the CT parameter intraparenchymal liver metastasis was statistically significant with regard to prediction of suboptimal tumour resection (> 1 cm) (OR 8.04; 95% CI 1.57 - 42.4; p = 0.0134). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 37.5, 89.7, 66.7 and 72.2%. Conclusion Although risk parameters for suboptimal tumour reduction can be identified by CT of the abdomen, surgical exploration with histological confirmation of the diagnosis is essential because of the poor diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angrit Stachs
- Gynäkologische Radiologie, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Stubert
- Universitätsfrauenklinik, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Toralf Reimer
- Universitätsfrauenklinik, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernd Gerber
- Universitätsfrauenklinik, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Max Dieterich
- Universitätsfrauenklinik, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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CA-125 Levels Predict Optimal Surgery in Carcinoma Ovary: A Retrospective Analysis with Prospective Validation. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-020-00398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Widschwendter P, Blersch A, Friedl TWP, Janni W, Kloth C, de Gregorio A, de Gregorio N. CT Scan in the Prediction of Lymph Node Involvement in Ovarian Cancer - a Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Gyneco-Oncological Unit. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020; 80:518-525. [PMID: 32435068 PMCID: PMC7234823 DOI: 10.1055/a-1079-5158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The prognostic value of lymph node removal in ovarian cancer varies depending on the tumor stage. While in the advanced stage the removal of clinically normal lymph nodes does not improve the prognosis, this is still unclear in the early stages. Evaluation of the lymph nodes based on preoperative imaging influences the surgical procedure.
Methods
This retrospective analysis was performed by analyzing data from 114 patients with ovarian cancer, treated in our university hospital in the years 2000 – 2012. Diagnostic performance of imaging by computer tomography with respect to the correct prediction of lymph node status was analyzed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
Results
Imaging by computer tomography showed a rather limited diagnostic performance with regard to the detection of lymph node metastases in ovarian cancer, with a sensitivity of 40.7%, a specificity of 89.1%, a positive predictive value of 80.0%, and a negative predictive value of 58.3%. A separate analysis for pelvic and paraaortic lymph node involvement showed a better diagnostic performance of computer tomography for the detection of positive paraaortic lymph nodes (41.2, 93.1, 84.0, and 64.3% for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, respectively) as compared to the detection of positive pelvic lymph nodes (25.6, 91.8, 62.5, and 69.8%).
Conclusion
The preoperative prediction of lymph node status by computer tomography is limited. A decision for or against lymphadenectomy should not be made solely on the basis of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Blersch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas W P Friedl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christopher Kloth
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Amelie de Gregorio
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Niko de Gregorio
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Roseland ME, Maturen KE. Preoperative Evaluation of Peritoneal Disease in Ovarian Cancer: Balancing Accuracy and Clinical Utility. Acad Radiol 2019; 26:1659-1660. [PMID: 31521465 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Roseland
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Katherine E Maturen
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive UH B1D530, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
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Laparoscopic Surgical Algorithm to Triage the Timing of Tumor Reductive Surgery in Advanced Ovarian Cancer. Obstet Gynecol 2019; 132:545-554. [PMID: 30095787 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000002796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the effects of a laparoscopic scoring algorithm to triage patients with advanced ovarian cancer to immediate or delayed debulking to improve complete gross surgical resection rates and determine the resulting clinical outcomes. METHODS We prospectively performed laparoscopic assessment on patients with suspected advanced-stage ovarian cancer from April 2013 to December 2016 to determine primary resectability at tumor reductive surgery. Patients with medically inoperable or distant metastatic disease received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Two-surgeon scoring was performed in a blinded fashion using a validated scoring method. Patients with predictive index value scores less than 8 were offered primary surgery and those with scores 8 or greater received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed for effects on progression-free survival. RESULTS Six hundred twenty-one patients presenting with presumed advanced ovarian cancer were evaluated during the study period and 488 patients met inclusion criteria. Two hundred fifteen patients underwent laparoscopic scoring, of whom 125 had predictive index value scores less than 8 and 84 had predictive index value scores 8 or greater. Blinded two-surgeon predictive index value scoring resulted in bivariate discordance in only 2% of patients. Tumor cytoreduction led to no gross residual disease (R0 resection) in 88% of patients in the primary surgery group and 74% in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group. Patients triaged to primary surgery had an improved progression-free survival of 21.4 months versus 12.9 months in those patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P<.001). Median progression-free survival by treatment group and residual disease status was as follows: primary surgery-R0 23.5 months; primary surgery-R1 (any gross residual disease) 17.6 months; neoadjuvant chemotherapy-R0 15.5 months; and neoadjuvant chemotherapy-R1 12.9 months (P<.001). On multivariate analysis for progression-free survival, baseline CA 125 (P=.001) and gross residual disease at tumor reductive surgery (P=.01) were significantly associated with progression-free survival. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic triage assessment allowed for a personalized approach to the management of patients with advanced ovarian cancer and resulted in high complete surgical resection rates at tumor reductive surgery.
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Lof P, van de Vrie R, Korse CM, van Driel WJ, van Gent MDJM, Karlsen MA, Amant F, Lok CAR. Pre-operative prediction of residual disease after interval cytoreduction for epithelial ovarian cancer using HE4. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 29:1304-1310. [PMID: 31515411 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2019-000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of residual disease after cytoreductive surgery is an important negative prognostic factor for patients with advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Surgery is of limited benefit when the diameter of residual disease is >1 cm. Residual disease is difficult to predict before surgery. The multivariate model Cancer Ovarii Non-invasive Assessment of Treatment Strategy (CONATS) index, based on serum biomarker HE4, age, and World Health Organization performance status, predicted no visible residual disease in patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. The AUC of predicting residual disease >1 cm was not reported, although this can be of importance for pre-operative decision making, especially in fragile patients. We tested this model for predicting residual disease >1 cm in patients undergoing interval cytoreduction. METHODS We retrospectively included patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent interval cytoreduction between January 2010 and December 2017 in two tertiary centers in the Netherlands. HE4 was measured with electrochemiluminescence in pre-operative samples. The CONATS index was used to predict residual disease. AUCs were calculated to predict residual disease >1 cm. RESULTS A total of 273 patients were included. Mean (SD) age was 64 (11) years. Median number of cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 3 (range 3-6) and the most common regimen used consisted of carboplatin and paclitaxel. Before interval cytoreduction, 19 patients (7%) showed complete response to chemotherapy, 251 patients (92%) showed partial response, and 3 patients (1%) showed stable disease at imaging. Following surgery, 232 patients (85%) had residual disease ≤1 cm and 41 patients (15%) had residual disease >1 cm. The AUC was 0.80 for predicting residual disease >1 cm. In patients ≥70 years of age the AUC was 0.82. CONCLUSION The CONATS index predicts surgical outcome after interval cytoreduction and is useful in counseling patients about the chance of whether an optimal interval cytoreduction can be achieved. This could be especially helpful in counseling elderly patients in whom surgery has a high risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pien Lof
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roelien van de Vrie
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina M Korse
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willemien J van Driel
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mignon D J M van Gent
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mona A Karlsen
- Department of Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Frederic Amant
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne A R Lok
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lago V, Gimenez L, Matute L, Padilla-Iserte P, Cárdenas-Rebollo JM, Gurrea M, Montero B, Montoliu G, Domingo S. Port site resection after laparoscopy in advance ovarian cancer surgery: Time to abandon? Surg Oncol 2019; 29:1-6. [PMID: 31196470 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of laparoscopy in the treatment and management of advanced ovarian cancer is increasing among the gynaecologic oncologists. The development of port site metastases after laparoscopy is a concern and a matter of debate due to theoretical iatrogenic disease spread. Port site resection (PSR) has been proposed as an option to avoid this scenario. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-three patients with advanced ovarian cancer (FIGO III-IV) and with diagnostic laparoscopy were included and after cytoreductive surgery were classified into two groups: no port site resection (No-PSR) and port site resection (PSR). Based on the pathological results of all port site specimens, PSR was classified as positive port site metastasis (PSM+) and negative port site metastasis (PSM-). RESULTS In 82 cases, the laparoscopic port site access was resected in the debulking surgery. At the final specimen examination, 49% presented as PSM+. No statistical differences regarding survival were found, either between the No-PSR and PSR groups (p = 0.28) or between the PSM+ and PSM - groups (p = 0.92). A higher wound complication rate was found in the PSR group (17% vs. 34%; p = 0.047). The RR (Relative Risk) of wound events for PSR was 2.42 (95% CI 1.09-5.35; p = 0.0296). CONCLUSIONS To date, not only there is no data supporting PSR after laparoscopy in advanced ovarian cancer, but the role of PSM+ in prognosis also remains unclear. In patients in which laparoscopy is performed prior to the debulking procedure, the PSR may not be recommended in those cases of no macroscopic port site metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Lago
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura Gimenez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Matute
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Marta Gurrea
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Montero
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Domingo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Optimization of surgical treatment of advanced ovarian cancer: a Spanish expert perspective. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:656-664. [PMID: 30377941 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal upfront treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer is complex and requires the adequate function of a multidisciplinary team. Specific standard of quality of care needs to be taken into consideration. METHODS A literature search in PubMed was performed using the following criteria: ("ovarian neoplasms"[MeSH Terms] OR ("ovarian"[All Fields] AND "neoplasms"[All Fields]) OR "ovarian neoplasms"[All Fields] OR ("ovarian"[All Fields] AND "cancer"[All Fields]) OR "ovarian cancer"[All Fields])"[Date - Publication]: "2018/01/14"[Date - Publication]). RESULTS This article describes how to optimize the surgical management of advanced ovarian cancer, to achieve the best results in terms of survival and quality of life. For this purpose, this document will cover aspects related to pre-, intra- and postoperative care of newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSION Optimizing upfront treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer is complex and requires a structured quality management program including the wise judgment of a multidisciplinary team. Surgeries performed by gynecologic oncologists with formal training in cytoreductive techniques at referral centers are crucial factors to obtain better clinical and oncological outcomes. However, other factors such as the patient's clinical status, the hospital infrastructure and equipment, as well as the tumor biology of each individual patient should also be taken into account before deciding on an initial therapeutic strategy for advanced-stage ovarian cancer to offer patients the best quality of care.
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Concordance of a laparoscopic scoring algorithm with primary surgery findings in advanced stage ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 151:428-432. [PMID: 30366647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the concordance between the laparoscopic scoring assessment and extent of disease identified at primary tumor reductive surgery (TRS) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS From April 2013 to June 2017, we prospectively triaged patients with stage IIA to IVB ovarian cancer to laparoscopic scoring assessment. A validated predictive index value (PIV) score (range: 0-14) was assigned. Patients with PIV scores <8 were offered primary surgery and those with score ≥8 received NACT. Patients who underwent primary TRS had a second PIV score based on laparotomy findings. Concordance percentages were calculated between the two scores. Positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated to reflect the performance of the laparoscopic PIV score to predict R0 (complete gross resection) at TRS. RESULTS 226 patients underwent laparoscopic scoring assessment, of which 139 (61.5%) had a PIV score <8 and 81 (35.8%) had a PIV score ≥8. 6 patients (2.7%) were unscoreable. There was 96% overall concordance between PIV scores at laparoscopy and primary TRS. Concordance scores by location were: bowel infiltration 74.7%, mesenteric disease 84.6%, liver surface involvement 86.5%, omental disease 89.7%, diaphragm disease 92.9%, stomach infiltration 94.7%, peritoneal carcinomatosis 94.8%. A laparoscopic PIV score of <8 had a PPV of 85.4% at predicting R0 at primary TRS. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic assessment of tumor burden is a feasible tool to predict R0 cytoreduction in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Concordance between PIV scores at laparoscopy and primary TRS varied by anatomic location, with the lowest concordance seen in predicting bowel infiltration.
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Radiological and Surgical Correlation of Disease Burden in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Using Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-018-0175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Batista TP, Carneiro VCG, Tancredi R, Teles ALB, Badiglian-Filho L, Leão CS. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by fast-track cytoreductive surgery plus short-course hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in advanced ovarian cancer: preliminary results of a promising all-in-one approach. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:869-878. [PMID: 29263704 PMCID: PMC5732565 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s153327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been considered a promising treatment option for advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer, but there is no clear evidence based on randomized controlled trials to advocate this approach as a standard therapy. In this study, we aim to present the early outcomes and insights after an interim analysis of a pioneering clinical trial in Brazil. Methods This study was a cross-sectional analysis of early data from our ongoing clinical trial – an open-label, double-center, single-arm trial on the safety and efficacy of using HIPEC for advanced ovarian cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02249013). A fast-track recovery strategy was also applied to improve patient outcomes. Results Nine patients with stage IIIB (n=1) or IIIC (n=8) epithelial malignancies were enrolled until February 2017. The median (range) serum CA125 level at diagnosis was 692 (223.7–6550) U/mL. The median number of preoperative cycles of intravenous (i.v.) chemotherapy was 3 (2–4), resulting in peritoneal cancer index scores of 9 (3–18) at the time of HIPEC. Time of restarting i.v. chemotherapy was 37 (33–50) days with all patients completing 6 cycles as planned. The median operation time was 395 (235–760) minutes, the length of hospital stay was 4 (3–10) days, and all the patients left the ICU on the morning after the procedure. Two patients experienced no postoperative complications, whereas 91% of the complications were minor G1/G2 events. Preliminary assessment also suggested no impairment of the patient’s quality of life. Conclusion Our comprehensive protocol might represent a promising all-in-one approach for advanced ovarian cancer. The patient recruitment for this trial is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Paulo Batista
- Department of Surgery/Oncology, IMIP - Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira.,Department of Surgery, UFPE - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
| | - Vandré Cabral G Carneiro
- Department of Surgery/Oncology, IMIP - Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira.,Department of Gynecology, HCP - Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco
| | - Rodrigo Tancredi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, IMIP - Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira.,Department of Clinical Oncology, HCP - Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco
| | - Ana Ligia Bezerra Teles
- Department of Anaesthesiology, IMIP - Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, Recife
| | | | - Cristiano Souza Leão
- Department of Surgery, IMIP - Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil
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Predictive modeling for determination of microscopic residual disease at primary cytoreduction: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group 182 Study. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 148:49-55. [PMID: 29174555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microscopic residual disease following complete cytoreduction (R0) is associated with a significant survival benefit for patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Our objective was to develop a prediction model for R0 to support surgeons in their clinical care decisions. METHODS Demographic, pathologic, surgical, and CA125 data were collected from GOG 182 records. Patients enrolled prior to September 1, 2003 were used for the training model while those enrolled after constituted the validation data set. Univariate analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of R0 and these variables were subsequently analyzed using multivariable regression. The regression model was reduced using backward selection and predictive accuracy was quantified using area under the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) in both the training and the validation data sets. RESULTS Of the 3882 patients enrolled in GOG 182, 1480 had complete clinical data available for the analysis. The training data set consisted of 1007 patients (234 with R0) while the validation set was comprised of 473 patients (122 with R0). The reduced multivariable regression model demonstrated several variables predictive of R0 at cytoreduction: Disease Score (DS) (p<0.001), stage (p=0.009), CA125 (p<0.001), ascites (p<0.001), and stage-age interaction (p=0.01). Applying the prediction model to the validation data resulted in an AUC of 0.73 (0.67 to 0.78, 95% CI). Inclusion of DS enhanced the model performance to an AUC of 0.83 (0.79 to 0.88, 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a prediction model for R0 that offers improved performance over previously reported models for prediction of residual disease. The performance of the prediction model suggests additional factors (i.e. imaging, molecular profiling, etc.) should be explored in the future for a more clinically actionable tool.
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Nougaret S, Lakhman Y, Gönen M, Goldman DA, Miccò M, D'Anastasi M, Johnson SA, Juluru K, Arnold AG, Sosa RE, Soslow RA, Vargas HA, Hricak H, Kauff ND, Sala E. High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Associations between BRCA Mutation Status, CT Imaging Phenotypes, and Clinical Outcomes. Radiology 2017. [PMID: 28628421 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017161697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the associations between BRCA mutation status and computed tomography (CT) phenotypes of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and to evaluate CT indicators of cytoreductive outcome and survival in patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC and those with BRCA wild-type HGSOC. Materials and Methods This HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board-approved retrospective study included 108 patients (33 with BRCA mutant and 75 with BRCA wild-type HGSOC) who underwent CT before primary debulking. Two radiologists independently reviewed the CT findings for various qualitative CT features. Associations between CT features, BRCA mutation status, cytoreductive outcome, and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively. Results Peritoneal disease (PD) pattern, presence of PD in gastrohepatic ligament, mesenteric involvement, and supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy at CT were associated with BRCA mutation status (multiple regression: P < .001 for each CT feature). While clinical and CT features were not associated with cytoreductive outcome for patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC, presence of PD in lesser sac (odds ratio [OR] = 2.40) and left upper quadrant (OR = 1.19), mesenteric involvement (OR = 7.10), and lymphadenopathy in supradiaphragmatic (OR = 2.83) and suprarenal para-aortic (OR = 4.79) regions were associated with higher odds of incomplete cytoreduction in BRCA wild-type HGSOC (multiple regression: P < .001 each CT feature). Mesenteric involvement at CT was associated with significantly shorter PFS for both patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC (multiple regression: hazard ratio [HR] = 26.7 P < .001) and those with BRCA wild-type HGSOC (univariate analysis: reader 1, HR = 2.42, P < .001; reader 2, HR = 2.61; P < .001). Conclusion Qualitative CT features differed between patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC and patients with BRCA wild-type HGSOC. CT indicators of cytoreductive outcome varied according to BRCA mutation status. Mesenteric involvement at CT was an indicator of significantly shorter PFS for both patients with BRCA-mutant HGSOC and those with BRCA wild-type HGSOC. © RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Nougaret
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mithat Gönen
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Debra A Goldman
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Maura Miccò
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Melvin D'Anastasi
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sarah A Johnson
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Krishna Juluru
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Angela G Arnold
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ramon E Sosa
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert A Soslow
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Hebert Alberto Vargas
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Hedvig Hricak
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Noah D Kauff
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Evis Sala
- From the Department of Radiology (S.N., Y.L., M.M., M.D., S.A.J., K.J., R.E.S., H.A.V., H.H., E.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.G., D.A.G.), Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine (A.G.A., N.D.K.), and Department of Pathology (R.A.S.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Bagul K, Vijaykumar DK, Rajanbabu A, Antony MA, Ranganathan V. Advanced Primary Epithelial Ovarian and Peritoneal Carcinoma-Does Diagnostic Accuracy of Preoperative CT Scan for Detection of Peritoneal Metastatic Sites Reflect into Prediction of Suboptimal Debulking? A Prospective Study. Indian J Surg Oncol 2017; 8:98-104. [PMID: 28546700 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-016-0601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in females worldwide. Optimal debulking is the standard treatment but possible only in 30-85% of advanced stages. Knowing exactly the disease extent preoperatively may predict suboptimal debulking. We analyzed diagnostic accuracy of preoperative CT scan in disease mapping and prediction of suboptimal debulking in a prospective observational study from March 2013 to May 2015 in a tertiary hospital. Adults below the age of 75 years with ECOG PS-0, 1, 2, clinically/radiologically newly diagnosed stage IIIc epithelial ovarian (EOC), and primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) were included. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy recipients were excluded. Preoperative multidetector CT (MDCT) scan showing deposits at 19 predetermined abdominopelvic sites were compared with the same sites seen at laparotomy and corresponding accuracies of CT scan calculated. Primary debulking surgery was done to achieve debulking to nil or less than 1-cm residual disease. Stepwise logistic regression models were used to determine the frequent suboptimal debulking sites and the predictive performance of the clinical and CT scan findings. A total of 36 patients were enrolled. The optimal debulking rate was 50%. The CT scan could detect the disease-bearing sites with overall sensitivity of 68.29%, specificity of 89%, accuracy of 78.07%, and positive and negative predictive values of 99 and 50.1%, respectively. Upon multivariate analysis, bowel mesentery (p 0.011) and omental extension (p 0.025) were associated with suboptimal debulking. CT scan accuracy at these sites (predictive performance) was 86.1%. We identified small bowel mesentery and omental extension (to spleen/stomach/colon) as sites associated with suboptimal debulking. MDCT accurately depicts peritoneal metastases, although sensitivity is reduced in certain areas of significance for optimal debulking. Further validation with more number of patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bagul
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala 682 041 India
| | - D K Vijaykumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala 682 041 India
| | - Anupama Rajanbabu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala 682 041 India
| | - Mitchelle Aline Antony
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala 682 041 India
| | - Venkatesan Ranganathan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara PO, Kochi, Kerala 682 041 India
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Serum HE4 superior to CA125 in predicting poorer surgical outcome of epithelial ovarian cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14765-14772. [PMID: 27629144 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains the deadliest form of gynecological cancers. Optimal tumor debulking, no matter the primary or the interval, is the most important prognostic factor for EOC, so there is an urgent demand for biomarkers to predict surgical outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) could predict surgical outcome of EOC. The levels of preoperative serum HE4 and CA125 were determined by electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) in 82 EOC patients, comprising 39 subjected to primary debulking surgery (PDS) and 43 with extensive stage III or IV disease to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (NACT-IDS). Among 39 patients subjected to primary debulking surgery, HE4 was superior to CA125 in predicting surgical outcome (area under curve [AUC] 0.758 vs. 0.633). At a cutoff of 353.22 pmol/L, HE4 reached 77.4 % in sensitivity and 75 % in specificity. The prediction of surgical outcome of interval debulking surgery based on preoperative HE4 and CA125 values was performed in 43 patients who received NACT-IDS. The difference of AUC between HE4 and CA125 (0.793 vs. 0.663) indicating that HE4 was the better biomarker to predict surgical outcome of IDS. A pre-IDS HE4 value of 154.3 pmol/L is the optimal cutoff to identify patients who would not benefit from IDS with a sensitivity of 92.9 % and a specificity of 69 %. The change (>70 %) of HE4 before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy could predict optimal interval debulking surgery. Serum HE4 was superior to CA125 in predicting surgical outcome of primary debulking surgery and interval debulking surgery. The change (absolute value or percentage) of HE4 in neoadjuvant chemotherapy could predict the outcome of interval debulking surgery.
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Karlsen MA, Fagö-Olsen C, Høgdall E, Schnack TH, Christensen IJ, Nedergaard L, Lundvall L, Lydolph MC, Engelholm SA, Høgdall C. A novel index for preoperative, non-invasive prediction of macro-radical primary surgery in patients with stage IIIC-IV ovarian cancer-a part of the Danish prospective pelvic mass study. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12619-12626. [PMID: 27440204 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel index for preoperative, non-invasive prediction of complete primary cytoreduction in patients with FIGO stage IIIC-IV epithelial ovarian cancer. Prospectively collected clinical data was registered in the Danish Gynecologic Cancer Database. Blood samples were collected within 14 days of surgery and stored by the Danish CancerBiobank. Serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), age, performance status, and presence/absence of ascites at ultrasonography were evaluated individually and combined to predict complete tumor removal. One hundred fifty patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with primary debulking surgery (PDS). Complete PDS was achieved in 41 cases (27 %). The receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.785 for HE4, 0.678 for CA125, and 0.688 for age. The multivariate model (Cancer Ovarii Non-invasive Assessment of Treatment Strategy (CONATS) index), consisting of HE4, age, and performance status, demonstrated an AUC of 0.853. According to the Danish indicator level, macro-radical PDS should be achieved in 60 % of patients admitted to primary surgery (positive predictive value of 60 %), resulting in a negative predictive value of 87.5 %, sensitivity of 68.3 %, specificity of 83.5 %, and cutoff of 0.63 for the CONATS index. Non-invasive prediction of complete PDS is possible with the CONATS index. The CONATS index is meant as a supplement to the standard preoperative evaluation of each patient. Evaluation of the CONATS index combined with radiological and/or laparoscopic findings may improve the assessment of the optimal treatment strategy in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Aarenstrup Karlsen
- Gynecologic Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Carsten Fagö-Olsen
- Gynecologic Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tine Henrichsen Schnack
- Gynecologic Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ib Jarle Christensen
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lotte Nedergaard
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Lundvall
- Gynecologic Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magnus Christian Lydolph
- Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svend Aage Engelholm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Høgdall
- Gynecologic Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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A laparoscopic risk-adjusted model to predict major complications after primary debulking surgery in ovarian cancer: A single-institution assessment. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 142:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
Dynamic-contrast enhanced (DCE) and diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging are invaluable in the detection, staging, and characterization of uterine and ovarian malignancies, for monitoring treatment response, and for identifying disease recurrence. When used as adjuncts to morphologic T2-weighted (T2-W) MR imaging, these techniques improve accuracy of disease detection and staging. DW-MR imaging is preferred because of its ease of implementation and lack of need for an extrinsic contrast agent. MR spectroscopy is difficult to implement in the clinical workflow and lacks both sensitivity and specificity. If used quantitatively in multicenter clinical trials, standardization of DCE- and DW-MR imaging techniques and rigorous quality assurance is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita M deSouza
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK.
| | - Andrea Rockall
- Department of Radiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, DuCane Road, London W12 0HS, UK; Department of Radiology, Imperial College, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Susan Freeman
- Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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Predicting surgical outcome in patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III or IV ovarian cancer using computed tomography: a systematic review of prediction models. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015; 25:407-15. [PMID: 25695545 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maximal cytoreduction to no residual disease is an important predictor of prognosis in patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Preoperative prediction of outcome of surgery should guide treatment decisions, for example, primary debulking or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery. The objective of this study was to systematically review studies evaluating computed tomography imaging based models predicting the amount of residual tumor after cytoreductive surgery for advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS We systematically searched the literature for studies investigating multivariable models that predicted the amount of residual disease after cytoreductive surgery in advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer using computed tomography imaging. Detected studies were scored for quality and classified as model derivation or validation studies. We summarized their performance in terms of discrimination when possible. RESULTS We identified 11 studies that described 13 models. The 4 models that were externally validated all had a poor discriminative capacity (sensitivity, 15%-79%; specificity, 32%-64%). The only internal validated model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.67. Peritoneal thickening, mesenterial and diaphragm disease, and ascites were most often used as predictors in the final models. We did not find studies that assessed the impact of prediction model on outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Currently, there are no external validated studies with a good predictive performance for residual disease. Studies of better quality are needed, especially studies that focus on predicting any residual disease after surgery.
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Rutten IJG, van de Laar R, Kruitwagen RFPM, Bakers FCH, Ploegmakers MJM, Pappot TWF, Beets-Tan RGH, Massuger LFAG, Zusterzeel PLM, Van Gorp T. Prediction of incomplete primary debulking surgery in patients with advanced ovarian cancer: An external validation study of three models using computed tomography. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 140:22-8. [PMID: 26607779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the ability of three prospectively developed computed tomography (CT) models to predict incomplete primary debulking surgery in patients with advanced (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages III-IV) ovarian cancer. METHODS Three prediction models to predict incomplete surgery (any tumor residual >1cm in diameter) previously published by Ferrandina (models A and B) and by Gerestein were applied to a validation cohort consisting of 151 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. All patients were treated with primary debulking surgery in the Eastern part of the Netherlands between 2000 and 2009 and data were retrospectively collected. Three individual readers evaluated the radiographic parameters and gave a subjective assessment. Using the predicted probabilities from the models, the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated which represents the discriminative ability of the model. RESULTS The AUC of the Ferrandina models was 0.56, 0.59 and 0.59 in model A, and 0.55, 0.60 and 0.59 in model B for readers 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The AUC of Gerestein's model was 0.69, 0.61 and 0.69 for readers 1, 2 and 3, respectively. AUC values of 0.69 and 0.63 for reader 1 and 3 were found for subjective assessment. CONCLUSIONS Models to predict incomplete surgery in advanced ovarian cancer have limited predictive ability and their reproducibility is questionable. Subjective assessment seems as successful as applying predictive models. Present prediction models are not reliable enough to be used in clinical decision-making and should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris J G Rutten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Rafli van de Laar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roy F P M Kruitwagen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans C H Bakers
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J M Ploegmakers
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Teun W F Pappot
- Department of Radiology, Rijnstate Hospital, P.O. Box 9555, 6800 TA Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Regina G H Beets-Tan
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leon F A G Massuger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Petra L M Zusterzeel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toon Van Gorp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Liu Z, Beach JA, Agadjanian H, Jia D, Aspuria PJ, Karlan BY, Orsulic S. Suboptimal cytoreduction in ovarian carcinoma is associated with molecular pathways characteristic of increased stromal activation. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 139:394-400. [PMID: 26348314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suboptimal cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is associated with poor survival but it is unknown if poor outcome is due to the intrinsic biology of unresectable tumors or insufficient surgical effort resulting in residual tumor-sustaining clones. Our objective was to identify the potential molecular pathway(s) and cell type(s) that may be responsible for suboptimal surgical resection. METHODS By comparing gene expression in optimally and suboptimally cytoreduced patients, we identified a gene network associated with suboptimal cytoreduction and explored the biological processes and cell types associated with this gene network. RESULTS We show that primary tumors from suboptimally cytoreduced patients express molecular signatures that are typically present in a distinct molecular subtype of EOC characterized by increased stromal activation and lymphovascular invasion. Similar molecular pathways are present in EOC metastases, suggesting that primary tumors in suboptimally cytoreduced patients are biologically similar to metastatic tumors. We demonstrate that the suboptimal cytoreduction network genes are enriched in reactive tumor stroma cells rather than malignant tumor cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the success of cytoreductive surgery is dictated by tumor biology, such as extensive stromal reaction and increased invasiveness, which may hinder surgical resection and ultimately lead to poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiu Liu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A Beach
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hasmik Agadjanian
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dongyu Jia
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul-Joseph Aspuria
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Chang SJ, Bristow RE, Chi DS, Cliby WA. Role of aggressive surgical cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26197773 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2015.26.4.336] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth most frequent cancer in women and is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide. The majority of ovarian cancer patients are newly diagnosed presenting with advanced-stage disease. Primary cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant taxane- and platinum-based combination chemotherapy are the standard treatment for advanced ovarian cancer. A number of studies have consistently shown that successful cytoreductive surgery and the resultant minimal residual disease are significantly associated with survival in patients with this disease. Much has been written and even more debated regarding the competing perspectives of biology of ovarian cancer versus the value of aggressive surgical resection. This review will focus on the current evidences and outcomes supporting the positive impact of aggressive surgical effort on survival in the primary management of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Joon Chang
- Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
| | - Robert E Bristow
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Dennis S Chi
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - William A Cliby
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Chang SJ, Bristow RE, Chi DS, Cliby WA. Role of aggressive surgical cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26197773 PMCID: PMC4620371 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2015.26.4.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth most frequent cancer in women and is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide. The majority of ovarian cancer patients are newly diagnosed presenting with advanced-stage disease. Primary cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant taxane- and platinum-based combination chemotherapy are the standard treatment for advanced ovarian cancer. A number of studies have consistently shown that successful cytoreductive surgery and the resultant minimal residual disease are significantly associated with survival in patients with this disease. Much has been written and even more debated regarding the competing perspectives of biology of ovarian cancer versus the value of aggressive surgical resection. This review will focus on the current evidences and outcomes supporting the positive impact of aggressive surgical effort on survival in the primary management of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Joon Chang
- Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
| | - Robert E Bristow
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Dennis S Chi
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - William A Cliby
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Tang Z, Chang X, Ye X, Li Y, Cheng H, Cui H. Usefulness of human epididymis protein 4 in predicting cytoreductive surgical outcomes for advanced ovarian tubal and peritoneal carcinoma. Chin J Cancer Res 2015; 27:309-17. [PMID: 26157328 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2015.06.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a promising biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). But its role in assessing the primary optimal debulking (OD) of EOC remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the ability of preoperative HE4 in predicting the primary cytoreductive outcomes in advanced EOC, tubal or peritoneal carcinoma. METHODS We reviewed the records of 90 patients with advanced ovarian, tubal or peritoneal carcinoma who underwent primary cytoreduction at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University People's Hospital between November 2005 and October 2010. Preoperative serum HE4 and CA125 levels were detected with EIA kit. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the most useful HE4 cut-off value. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant preoperative clinical characteristics to predict optimal primary cytoreduction. RESULTS OD was achieved in 47.7% (43/48) of patients. The median preoperative HE4 level for patients with OD vs. suboptimal debulking was 423 and 820 pmol/L, respectively (P<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve for HE4 and CA125 were 0.716 and 0.599, respectively (P=0.080). The most useful HE4 cut-off value was 473 pmol/L. Suboptimal cytoreduction was obtained in 66.7% (38/57) of cases with HE4 ≥473 pmol/L compared with only 27.3% (9/33) of cases with HE4 <473 pmol/L. At this threshold, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosing suboptimal debulking were 81%, 56%, 67%, and 73%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the patients with HE4 ≥473 pmol/L were less likely to achieve OD (odds ratio =5.044, P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative serum HE4 may be helpful to predict whether optimal cytoreductive surgery could be obtained or whether extended cytoreduction would be needed by an interdisciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Tang
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiaohong Chang
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xue Ye
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yi Li
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Heng Cui
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Differences in regional diagnostic strategies and in intended versus actual first-line treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer in Denmark. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015; 24:1195-205. [PMID: 25101855 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triage of patients with ovarian cancer to primary debulking surgery (PDS) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is challenging. In Denmark, the use of NACT has increased, but substantial differences in the use of NACT or PDS exist among centers. We aimed to characterize the differences between intended and actual first-line treatments in addition to the differences in the triage process among the centers and to evaluate the different diagnostic modalities and the clinical aspects' influence in the triage process. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 4 centers, forms containing data about the diagnostic process and intended treatment were prospectively collected and merged with data from the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database and medical records. RESULTS Of the 671 completed forms, 540 patients had stage IIIC or IV epithelial ovarian cancer. Of the 238 (44%) referred to PDS, 91% received PDS and 4% never had debulking surgery. Of the 288 patients (53%) referred to NACT, 44% were never debulked. Fourteen patients (3%) were referred to palliative treatment. The use of different imaging modalities, diagnostic laparoscopy, and laparotomy varied significantly among the centers. Diagnostic surgical procedures were considered to be most influential in the triage process. Regardless of the intended first-line treatment or center, the tumor size and dissemination was the most influential clinical aspect. CONCLUSIONS In Denmark, substantial differences exist between intended and actual first-line treatments as well as in the diagnostic process and use of NACT, calling for further discussion on diagnostic strategy and therapeutically approach for patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
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Shim SH, Lee SJ, Kim SO, Kim SN, Kim DY, Lee JJ, Kim JH, Kim YM, Kim YT, Nam JH. Nomogram for predicting incomplete cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2014; 136:30-6. [PMID: 25448457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurately predicting cytoreducibility in advanced-ovarian cancer is needed to establish preoperative plans, consider neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and improve clinical trial protocols. We aimed to develop a positron-emission tomography/computed tomography-based nomogram for predicting incomplete cytoreduction in advanced-ovarian cancer patients. METHODS Between 2006 and 2012, 343 consecutive advanced-ovarian cancer patients underwent positron-emission tomography/computed tomography before primary cytoreduction: 240 and 103 patients were assigned to the model development or validation cohort, respectively. After reviewing the detailed surgical documentation, incomplete cytoreduction was defined as a remaining gross residual tumor. We evaluated each individual surgeon's surgical aggressiveness index (number of high-complex surgeries/total number of surgeries). Possible predictors, including surgical aggressiveness index and positron-emission tomography/computed tomography features, were analyzed using logistic regression modeling. A nomogram based on this model was developed and externally validated. RESULTS Complete cytoreduction was achieved in 120 patients (35%). Surgical aggressiveness index and five positron-emission tomography/computed tomography features were independent predictors of incomplete cytoreduction. Our nomogram predicted incomplete cytoreduction by incorporating these variables and demonstrated good predictive accuracy (concordance index = 0.881; 95% CI = 0.838-0.923). The predictive accuracy of our validation cohort was also good (concordance index = 0.881; 95% CI = 0.790-0.932) and the predicted probability was close to the actual observed outcome. Our model demonstrated good performance across surgeons with varying degrees of surgical aggressiveness. CONCLUSION We have developed and validated a nomogram for predicting incomplete cytoreduction in advanced-ovarian cancer patients which may help stratify patients for clinical trials, establish meticulous preoperative plans, and determine if neoadjuvant chemotherapy is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyuk Shim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Joo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ok Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Nyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Jin Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Man Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tak Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Nam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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