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Florczak AS, Henni S, Signolet I, Hamel JF, Humeau-Heurtier A, Rousseau P, Abraham P. Vasodilator response to galvanic current stimulation of the skin accurately detects acetylsalicylic acid intake: A study in 400 vascular patients. Atherosclerosis 2018; 270:139-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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McEntire SJ, Reis SE, Suman OE, Hostler D. Effects of Low-Dose Aspirin Therapy on Thermoregulation in Firefighters. Saf Health Work 2015; 6:256-62. [PMID: 26929836 PMCID: PMC4674504 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart attack is the most common cause of line-of-duty death in the fire service. Daily aspirin therapy is a preventative measure used to reduce the morbidity of heart attacks but may decrease the ability to dissipate heat by reducing skin blood flow. METHODS In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, firefighters were randomized to receive 14 days of therapy (81-mg aspirin or placebo) before performing treadmill exercise in thermal-protective clothing in a hot room [38.8 ± 2.1°C, 24.9 ± 9.1% relative humidity (RH)]. Three weeks without therapy was provided before crossing to the other arm. Firefighters completed a baseline skin blood-flow assessment via laser Doppler flowmetry; skin was heated to 44°C to achieve maximal cutaneous vasodilation. Skin blood flow was measured before and after exercise in a hot room, and at 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes of recovery under temperature conditions (25.3 ± 1.2°C, 40.3 ± 13.7% RH). Platelet clotting time was assessed before drug administration, and before and after exercise. RESULTS Fifteen firefighters completed the study. Aspirin increased clotting time before and after exercise compared with placebo (p = 0.003). There were no differences in absolute skin blood flow between groups (p = 0.35). Following exercise, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was 85 ± 42% of maximum in the aspirin and 76 ± 37% in the placebo groups. The percentage of maximal CVC did not differ by treatment before or after recovery. Neither maximal core body temperature nor heart rate responses to exercise differed between trials. CONCLUSION There were no differences in skin blood flow during uncompensable heat stress following exercise after aspirin or placebo therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serina J. McEntire
- Department of Exercise Physiology College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven E. Reis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Oscar E. Suman
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - David Hostler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Mahé G, Abraham P, Humeau-Heurtier A, Gascoin L, Lefthériotis G, Durand S. Evidence for a vasomotor cyclo-oxygenase dependent mechanism of sensitization at the cutaneous level. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 80:185-92. [PMID: 25753207 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Current-induced vasodilation (CIV) is an axon-reflex response observed during monopolar current application such as iontophoresis. Cyclo-oxygenase derivates (COD) participate in CIV and act as sensitizing agents at the anodal level. Mechanisms involved during cathodal current application (CCA) are partially unknown. In a randomized double-blind crossover trial, we tested in 16 healthy subjects (i) the influence of the inter-stimulation interval (I-I) by comparing CIV following all-at-once 10 s CCA against 2 × 5 s CCA with intervals ranging from15 s-16 min and (ii) the participation of COD in CIV using 1 g aspirin or placebo intake. METHODS Measurements were repeated 2 h and 14 days after treatment. Laser Doppler flowmetry assessed cutaneous blood flow, reported in multiples of baseline. RESULTS Before treatment, peak vasodilation 10 min after the last current application (CVCstim2 ) increased compared with baseline whatever the I-I. Increase in CVCstim2 from baseline was greater for the 4 min (9.4 (5.3, 10.9) times; median (1(st) percentile, 3(rd) percentile)) and higher I-Is compared with all-at-once delivery (3.0 (2.1, 4.3) times, P < 0.05). The response was similar after placebo but aspirin abolished this vasodilation (increase by 1.2 (1.1, 1.3) times for all-at-once delivery and by 1.5 (1.3, 1.7) ± 0.3 times for 4 min interval, 2 h after aspirin intake) that recovered after 14 days. CONCLUSIONS This confirms the participation of COD in CIV with CCA and their sensitizing action. This model can represent an attractive way to study the axon-reflex and sensitizing function of COD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mahé
- Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI) - Unité mixte UMR CNRS 6214 / INSERM U 1083, Faculté de Médecine, Angers, France.,Laboratory of Vascular Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, France.,CHU Rennes, Imagerie cœur-vaisseaux, F-35033, Rennes, France.,INSERM, Clinical Investigation Center CIC 1414, F-34043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-34043, Rennes, France
| | - P Abraham
- Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI) - Unité mixte UMR CNRS 6214 / INSERM U 1083, Faculté de Médecine, Angers, France.,Laboratory of Vascular Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - A Humeau-Heurtier
- LARIS - Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, Université d'Angers, 62 avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, 49000, Angers, France
| | - L Gascoin
- Laboratory of Vascular Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - G Lefthériotis
- Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI) - Unité mixte UMR CNRS 6214 / INSERM U 1083, Faculté de Médecine, Angers, France.,Laboratory of Vascular Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - S Durand
- Université du Maine, EA 4334, Motricité, Interactions, Performance, LUNAM Université, Le Mans, 72085, Cedex 9, France
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ROUSTIT MATTHIEU, CRACOWSKI JEANLUC. Non-invasive Assessment of Skin Microvascular Function in Humans: An Insight Into Methods. Microcirculation 2011; 19:47-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1549-8719.2011.00129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Acetylcholine chloride as a potential source of variability in the study of cutaneous vascular function in man. Microvasc Res 2011; 82:190-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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What Can Current Stimulation Tell Us about the Vascular Function of Endogenous Prostacyclin in Healthy Rat Skin In Vivo? J Invest Dermatol 2011; 131:237-44. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rousseau P, Tartas M, Fromy B, Godon A, Custaud MA, Saumet JL, Abraham P. Platelet inhibition by low-dose aspirin but not by clopidogrel reduces the axon-reflex current-induced vasodilation in humans. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 294:R1420-6. [PMID: 18256140 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00810.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed a prolonged inhibition of current-induced vasodilation (CIV) after a single oral high dose of aspirin. In this study, we tested the hypothesis of platelet involvement in CIV. Nine healthy volunteers took 75 mg aspirin/day, 98 mg of clopidogrel bisulfate/day, or placebo for 4 days. CIV was induced by two consecutive 1-min anodal current applications (0.08 mA/cm(2)) through deionized water with a 10-min interval. CIV was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry and expressed as a percentage of baseline cutaneous vascular conductance: %C(b). In a second experiment in 10 volunteers, aspirin and placebo were given as in experiment 1, but a 26-h delay from the last aspirin intake elapsed before ACh iontophoresis and postocclusive hyperemia were studied in parallel to CIV. In experiment 1, the means +/- SE amplitude of CIV was 822 +/- 314, 313 +/- 144, and 746 +/- 397%C(b) with placebo, aspirin (P < 0.05 from placebo and clopidogrel), and clopidogrel (NS from placebo), respectively. In experiment 2, CIV impairment with aspirin was confirmed: CIV amplitudes were 300 +/- 99, and 916 +/- 528%C(b) under aspirin and placebo, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas vasodilation to ACh iontophoresis (322 +/- 74 and 365 +/- 104%C(b)) and peak postocclusive hyperemia (491 +/- 137 and 661 +/- 248%C(b)) were not different between aspirin and placebo, respectively. Low-dose aspirin, even 26 h after oral administration, impairs CIV, while ACh-mediated vasodilation and postocclusive hyperemia are preserved. If platelets are involved in the neurovascular mechanism triggered by galvanic current application in humans, it is likely to occur through the cyclooxygenase but not the ADP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rousseau
- Laboratory of Vascular Investigations, University Hospital, Angers, France
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Holowatz LA, Thompson CS, Minson CT, Kenney WL. Mechanisms of acetylcholine-mediated vasodilatation in young and aged human skin. J Physiol 2005; 563:965-73. [PMID: 15661816 PMCID: PMC1665610 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.080952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoregulatory cutaneous vasodilatation (VD) is attenuated in aged skin. While acetylcholine (ACh) plays a role in thermally mediated VD, the precise mechanisms through which ACh-mediated VD acts and whether those downstream mechanisms change with ageing are unclear. We tested the hypotheses that both nitric oxide (NO)- and prostanoid-mediated pathways contribute to exogenous ACh-mediated VD, and that both are attenuated with advanced age. Twelve young (Y: 23 +/- 1 years) and 10 older (O: 69 +/- 1 years) subjects underwent infusions of 137.5 mum ACh at four intradermal microdialysis sites: control (C, Ringer solution), NO synthase inhibited (NOS-I, 10 mm l-NAME), cyclooxygenase inhibited (COX-I, 10 mm ketorolac) and NOS-I + COX-I. Red blood cell flux was monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry, and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated (laser-Doppler flux/mean arterial pressure) and normalized to maximal CVC (%CVC(max)) (28 mm sodium nitroprusside + local heating to 43 degrees C). Baseline %CVC(max) was increased in the O at COX-I sites (COX-I 16 +/- 1, NOS-I + COX-I 16 +/- 2 versus C 10 +/- 1%CVC(max); P < 0.001) but not in the young, suggesting an age-related shift toward COX vasoconstrictors contributing to basal cutaneous vasomotor tone. There was no difference in peak %CVC(max) during ACh infusion between age groups, and the response was unchanged by NOS-I (O: NOS-I 35 +/- 5 versus C 38 +/- 5%CVC(max); P = 0.84) (Y: NOS-I 41 +/- 4 versus C 39 +/- 4%CVC(max); P = 0.67). COX-I and NOS-I + COX-I attenuated the peak CVC response to ACh in both groups (COX-I O: 29 +/- 3, Y: 22 +/- 2%CVC(max) versus C; P < 0.001 both groups; NOS-I + COX-I O: 32 +/- 3 versus Y: 29 +/- 2%CVC(max); versus C; P < 0.001 both groups). ACh mediates cutaneous VD through prostanoid and non-NO-, non-prostanoid-dependent pathways. Further, older subjects have a diminished prostanoid contribution to ACh-mediated VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacy A Holowatz
- The Pennsylvania State University, Noll Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Durand S, Tartas M, Bouyé P, Koïtka A, Saumet JL, Abraham P. Prostaglandins participate in the late phase of the vascular response to acetylcholine iontophoresis in humans. J Physiol 2004; 561:811-9. [PMID: 15498811 PMCID: PMC1665375 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.069997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The participation of prostaglandins (PGs) in the cutaneous vasodilatation to acetylcholine (ACh) applied via iontophoresis is under debate. Using laser Doppler flowmetry, we studied the long lasting effect (20 min) of iontophoretic application (30 s; 0.1 mA) of ACh on the human forearm. Experiments were repeated (1) using deionized water instead of ACh to test the effect of current application, (2) after scopolamine treatment to inhibit muscarinic cholinergic receptors, and (3) 2 h, 3 days and 10 days following inhibition of PG synthesis with aspirin or a placebo control. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated at rest (CVC(rest)), at peak vasodilatation in the first 5 min following ACh iontophoresis (CVC(peak)), and 20 min after iontophoresis (CVC(20)). The minimal CVC (CVC(min)) following iontophoresis was also determined. Cutaneous response to ACh displayed a biphasic pattern with an early and transient peak (CVC(peak): 62 +/- 8% of the maximal CVC induced by local heating (MVC)) followed by a long lasting slower vasodilatation (CVC(min): 44 +/- 6; CVC(20): 56 +/- 5%MVC). The current itself had no major effect. Scopolamine almost abolished both phases. The long lasting phase was aspirin sensitive but not the transient phase. At hour 2 post-aspirin, CVC(peak) was 61 +/- 10, CVC(min) 26 +/- 6 and CVC(20) 29 +/- 6%MVC. At day 3, CVC(peak) was 53 +/- 9, CVC(min) 22 +/- 3 and CVC(20) 25 +/- 4%MVC. At day 10, CVC(peak) was 67 +/- 10, CVC(min) 47 +/- 7 and CVC(20) 50 +/- 8%MVC. Placebo had no effect. We conclude that PGs participate in the vasodilator response following ACh iontophoresis. Previous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatments must be taken into account when studying the effect of ACh iontophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Durand
- Laboratory of Vascular Investigations, University Hospital, 49033 Angers cedex, France
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Durand S, Fromy B, Tartas M, Jardel A, Saumet JL, Abraham P. Prolonged aspirin inhibition of anodal vasodilation is not due to the trafficking delay of neural mediators. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2003; 285:R155-61. [PMID: 12793996 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00742.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that forearm vasodilation to a delivered all-at-once over 5 min or a 1-min repeated monopolar anodal 0.10-mA current application is aspirin sensitive and that a single high-dose aspirin exerts a long-lived effect in the former case. We hypothesized that 1) in the latter case, the effect of aspirin would also be long lived and 2) the time required to resupply nerve endings with unblocked cyclooxygenase through axonal transport could explain this phenomenon. We studied the time course for the recovery of vasodilation to repeated current application after placebo or 1-g aspirin treatment. We then searched for a difference at a proximal vs. distal site in the recovery of the response. Aspirin abolished current-induced vasodilation at 2 h, 10 h, and 3 days, with a progressive recovery thereafter, but no difference between distal and proximal site was observed for the recovery of the response. This suggests that, although neural cyclooxygenase could participate in the response, the time course of aspirin inhibition of current-induced cutaneous vasodilation is not due to the time required through neural transport to resupply nerve endings with unblocked proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Durand
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Explorations Vasculaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49033 Angers cedex, France
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