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Huang X, Zeng Z, Li S, Xie Y, Tong X. The Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122760. [PMID: 36559254 PMCID: PMC9788260 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of systemic disorders threatening human health with complex pathogenesis, among which mitochondrial energy metabolism reprogramming has a critical role. Mitochondria are cell organelles that fuel the energy essential for biochemical reactions and maintain normal physiological functions of the body. Mitochondrial metabolic disorders are extensively involved in the progression of CVD, especially for energy-demanding organs such as the heart. Therefore, elucidating the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the progression of CVD is of great significance to further understand the pathogenesis of CVD and explore preventive and therapeutic methods. In this review, we discuss the major factors of mitochondrial metabolism and their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of CVD. The current application of mitochondria-targeted therapeutic agents in the treatment of CVD and advances in mitochondria-targeted gene therapy technologies are also overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Yufei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- Correspondence:
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Modesti L, Danese A, Angela Maria Vitto V, Ramaccini D, Aguiari G, Gafà R, Lanza G, Giorgi C, Pinton P. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Signaling in Health, Disease and Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061317. [PMID: 34070562 PMCID: PMC8230075 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The divalent cation calcium (Ca2+) is considered one of the main second messengers inside cells and acts as the most prominent signal in a plethora of biological processes. Its homeostasis is guaranteed by an intricate and complex system of channels, pumps, and exchangers. In this context, by regulating cellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondria control both the uptake and release of Ca2+. Therefore, at the mitochondrial level, Ca2+ plays a dual role, participating in both vital physiological processes (ATP production and regulation of mitochondrial metabolism) and pathophysiological processes (cell death, cancer progression and metastasis). Hence, it is not surprising that alterations in mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) pathways or mutations in Ca2+ transporters affect the activities and functions of the entire cell. Indeed, it is widely recognized that dysregulation of mCa2+ signaling leads to various pathological scenarios, including cancer, neurological defects and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulation of mCa2+ homeostasis, the related mechanisms and the significance of this regulation in physiology and human diseases. We also highlight strategies aimed at remedying mCa2+ dysregulation as promising therapeutical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Modesti
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Alberto Danese
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Veronica Angela Maria Vitto
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Daniela Ramaccini
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Giovanni Lanza
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532-455802
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Namekata I, Odaka R, Hamaguchi S, Tanaka H. KB-R7943 Inhibits the Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Uniporter but Not Na +-Ca 2+ Exchanger in Cardiomyocyte-Derived H9c2 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1993-1996. [PMID: 33028749 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of KB-R7943, an inhibitor of the plasmalemmal Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, on mitochondrial Ca2+ transporters was examined with membrane-permeabilized cardiomyocyte-derived H9c2 cells expressing the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, yellow cameleon 3.1, in the mitochondria. KB-R7943, as well as ruthenium red, inhibited the rise in mitochondrial Ca2+ on increasing the extramitochondrial Ca2+ concentration from 0 nM to 300 nM. CGP-37157, but not KB-R7943, inhibited the decline in mitochondrial Ca2+on return to Ca2+ free extramitochondrial solution. These results indicated that KB-R7943 has inhibitory effects on the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter, but not on the mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyuki Namekata
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Ryosuke Odaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Shogo Hamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Hikaru Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
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Oniki T, Teshima Y, Nishio S, Ishii Y, Kira S, Abe I, Yufu K, Takahashi N. Hyponatraemia aggravates cardiac susceptibility to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Exp Pathol 2020; 100:350-358. [PMID: 31994291 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyponatraemia is defined as a serum sodium concentration of <135 mEql/L and is the most common electrolyte disturbance in patients with chronic heart failure. We hypothesize that hyponatraemia may induce Ca2+ overload and enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which will exacerbate myocardial injury more than normonatraemia. We investigated the effect of hyponatraemia on the ability of the heart to recover from ischaemia/reperfusion episodes. Cardiomyocytes were obtained from 1- to 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats. After isolation, cardiomyocytes were placed in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing low sodium concentration (110, 120, or 130 mEq/L) or normal sodium concentration (140 mEq/L) for 72 hours. Exposure of cardiomyocytes to each of the low-sodium medium significantly increased both ROS and intracellular Ca2+ levels compared with the exposure to the normal-sodium medium. In vivo, 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group (Con), furosemide group (Fur), low-sodium diet group (Lsd) and both furosemide and low-sodium diet group (Fur + Lsd). The hearts subjected to global ischaemia exhibited considerable decrease in left ventricular developed pressure during reperfusion, and the size of infarcts induced by ischaemia/reperfusion significantly increased in the Fur, Lsd and Fur + Lsd compared with that in the Con. Hyponatraemia aggravates cardiac susceptibility to ischaemia/reperfusion injury by Ca2+ overload and increasing in ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Oniki
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Satoru Nishio
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Yumi Ishii
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kira
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Ichitaro Abe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Kunio Yufu
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
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Recent Advances in Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Strategies of Cardioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164002. [PMID: 31426434 PMCID: PMC6720817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases (IHD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Although the principal form of treatment of IHD is myocardial reperfusion, the recovery of coronary blood flow after ischemia can cause severe and fatal cardiac dysfunctions, mainly due to the abrupt entry of oxygen and ionic deregulation in cardiac cells. The ability of these cells to protect themselves against injury including ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), has been termed “cardioprotection”. This protective response can be stimulated by pharmacological agents (adenosine, catecholamines and others) and non-pharmacological procedures (conditioning, hypoxia and others). Several intracellular signaling pathways mediated by chemical messengers (enzymes, protein kinases, transcription factors and others) and cytoplasmic organelles (mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, nucleus and sarcolemma) are involved in cardioprotective responses. Therefore, advancement in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cardioprotective response can lead to the development of new pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for cardioprotection, thus contributing to increasing the efficacy of IHD treatment. In this work, we analyze the recent advances in pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies of cardioprotection.
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Lariccia V, Macrì ML, Matteucci A, Maiolino M, Amoroso S, Magi S. Effects of ticagrelor on the sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1) in cardiac derived H9c2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 850:158-166. [PMID: 30721704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ticagrelor is a direct acting and reversibly binding P2Y12 antagonist approved for the prevention of thromboembolic events. Clinical effects of ticagrelor cannot be simply accounted for by pure platelet inhibition, and off-target mechanisms can potentially play a role. In particular, recent evidence suggests that ticagrelor may also influence heart function and improve the evolution of myocardial ischemic injury by more direct effects on myocytes. The cardiac sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1) is a critical player in the generation and control of calcium (Ca2+) signals, which orchestrate multiple myocyte activities in health and disease. Altered expression and/or activity of NCX1 can have profound consequences for the function and fate of myocytes. Whether ticagrelor affects cardiac NCX1 has not been investigated yet. To explore this hypothesis, we analyzed the expression, localization and activity of NCX1 in the heart derived H9c2-NCX1 cells following ticagrelor exposure. We found that ticagrelor concentration- and time-dependently reduced the activity of the cardiac NCX1 in H9c2 cells. In particular, the inhibitory effect of ticagrelor on the Ca2+-influx mode of NCX1 was evident within 1 h and further developed after 24 h, when NCX1 activity was suppressed by about 55% in cells treated with 1 μM ticagrelor. Ticagrelor-induced inhibition of exchanger activity was reached at clinically relevant concentrations, without affecting the expression levels and subcellular distribution of NCX1. Collectively, these findings suggest that cardiac NCX1 is a new downstream target of ticagrelor, which may contribute to the therapeutic profile of ticagrelor in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Lariccia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maria Loredana Macrì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Matteucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marta Maiolino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Amoroso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Magi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Ke M, Tang Q, Pan Z, Yin Y, Zhang L, Wen K. Sphingosine-1-phosphate attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury via a mitochondrial pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:142-148. [PMID: 30661785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) could protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury via the JAK-STAT pathway and maintain normal myocardial mitochondria integrity in vivo. However, it is not known yet whether S1P can relieve mitochondrial dysfunction via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and its detailed mechanism remains to be investigated. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the mitochondrial protective effects of S1P in a cardiomyocyte H/R injury model. In the present study, we established a H/R model in H9c2 cells. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay, and apoptosis was evaluated by annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Mitochondrial calcium ion concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and release of cytochrome C were detected by laser confocal microscopy. The results showed that S1P inhibited the decrease in cell viability induced by H/R injury and reduced apoptosis. Confocal microscopy showed that S1P prevented loss of ΔΨm, relieved mitochondrial calcium overload, and inhibited opening of the mPTP and release of cytochrome C. The STAT3 inhibitor STATTIC can reverse the antiapoptotic effects of S1P and block the effect of S1P on mitochondria. Taken together, our results indicate that S1P protects cardiomyocytes against H/R injury by relieving mitochondrial dysfunction via the STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Ke
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiqi Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziang Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongqiang Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Centre Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ke Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Ragone MI, Bonazzola P, Colareda GA, Lazarte ML, Bruno F, Consolini AE. Cardioprotection of stevioside on stunned rat hearts: A mechano-energetical study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 35:18-26. [PMID: 28991641 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sweetener and hypoglycemic properties of stevioside (STV) are well known, as the main component of the plant Stevia rebaudiana. Given its extensive use in diabetic patients, it was of interest to evaluate its effects on the most frequent cardiovascular disease, the coronary insufficiency. PURPOSE To study whether STV could be cardioprotective against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in a model of "stunning" in rat hearts. STUDY DESIGN A preclinical study was performed in isolated hearts from rats in the following groups: non-treated rats whose hearts were perfused with STV 0.3 mg/ml and their controls (C) exposed to either moderate stunning (20 min I/45 min R) or severe stunning (30 min I/45 min R), and a group of rats orally treated with STV 25 mg/kg/day in the drink water during 1 week before the experiment of severe stunning in the isolated hearts were done. METHODS The mechano-calorimetrical performance of isolated beating hearts was recorded during stabilization period with control Krebs perfusion inside a calorimeter, with or without 0.3 mg/ml STV before the respective period of I/R. The left ventricular maximal developed pressure (P) and total heat rate (Ht) were continuously measured. RESULTS Both, orally administered and perfused STV improved the post-ischemic contractile recovery (PICR, as % of initial control P) and the total muscle economy (P/Ht) after the severe stunning, but only improved P/Ht in moderate stunning. However, STV increased the diastolic pressure (LVEDP) during I/R in both stunning models. For studying the mechanism of action, ischemic hearts were reperfused with 10 mM caffeine-36 mM Na+-Krebs to induce a contracture dependent on sarcorreticular Ca2+ content, whose relaxation mainly depends on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. STV at 0.3 mg/ml increased the area-under-curve of the caffeine-dependent contracture (AUC-LVP). Moreover, at room temperature STV increased the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake measured by Rhod-2 fluorescence in rat cardiomyocytes, but prevented the [Ca2+]m overload assessed by caffeine-dependent SR release. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that STV is cardioprotective against I/R under oral administration or direct perfusion in hearts. The mechanism includes the regulation of the myocardial calcium homeostasis and the energetic during I/R in several sites, mainly reducing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and increasing the sarcorreticular Ca2+ store.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Ragone
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Grupo de Farmacología Experimental y Energética Cardíaca, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Patricia Bonazzola
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Germán A Colareda
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Grupo de Farmacología Experimental y Energética Cardíaca, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Lara Lazarte
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Grupo de Farmacología Experimental y Energética Cardíaca, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fiorella Bruno
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Grupo de Farmacología Experimental y Energética Cardíaca, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alicia E Consolini
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Grupo de Farmacología Experimental y Energética Cardíaca, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
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Li R, Kou X, Geng H, Xie J, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Cai Z, Dong C. Effect of Ambient PM2.5 on Lung Mitochondrial Damage and Fusion/Fission Gene Expression in Rats. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:408-18. [DOI: 10.1021/tx5003723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaojing Kou
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hong Geng
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jingfang Xie
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuexia Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Wiczer BM, Marcu R, Hawkins BJ. KB-R7943, a plasma membrane Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger inhibitor, blocks opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:44-9. [PMID: 24434143 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The isothiourea derivative, KB-R7943, inhibits the reverse-mode of the plasma membrane sodium/calcium exchanger and protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury. The mechanism through which KB-R7943 confers protection, however, remains controversial. Recently, KB-R7943 has been shown to inhibit mitochondrial calcium uptake and matrix overload, which may contribute to its protective effects. While using KB-R7943 for this purpose, we find here no evidence that KB-R7943 directly blocks mitochondrial calcium uptake. Rather, we find that KB-R7943 inhibits opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in permeabilized cells and isolated liver mitochondria. Furthermore, we find that this observation correlates with protection against calcium ionophore-induced mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and cell death, without detrimental effects to basal mitochondrial membrane potential or complex I-dependent mitochondrial respiration. Our data reveal another mechanism through which KB-R7943 may protect against calcium-induced injury, as well as a novel means to inhibit the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Wiczer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Raluca Marcu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brian J Hawkins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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Egar J, Ali A, Howlett SE, Friesen CH, O'Blenes S. The Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor SEA0400 limits intracellular Ca2+ accumulation and improves recovery of ventricular function when added to cardioplegia. J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 9:11. [PMID: 24401610 PMCID: PMC3914709 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-9-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor SEA0400 prevents myocardial injury in models of global ischemia and reperfusion. We therefore evaluated its potential as a cardioplegia additive. Methods Isolated rat cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia (45 min) followed by reperfusion. During hypoxia, cells were protected using cardioplegia with (n = 25) or without (n = 24) SEA0400 (1 μM), or were not protected with cardioplegia (hypoxic control, n = 8). Intracellular Ca2+ levels were measured using Ca2+ sensitive dye (fura-2 AM). Isolated rat hearts were arrested using cardioplegia with (n = 7) or without (n = 6) SEA0400 (1 μM) then reperfused after 45 min of ischemia. Left ventricular (LV) function, troponin release, and mitochondrial morphology were evaluated. Results Cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia without cardioplegia had poor survival (13%). Survival was significantly improved when cells were protected with cardioplegia containing SEA0400 (68%, p = 0.009); cardioplegia without SEA0400 was associated with intermediate survival (42%). Cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia alone had a rapid increase in intracellular Ca2+ (305 ± 123 nM after 20 minutes of ischemia). Increases in intracellular Ca2+ were reduced in cells arrested with cardioplegia without SEA0400; however cardioplegia containing SEA0400 was associated with the lowest intracellular Ca2+ levels (110 ± 17 vs. 156 ± 42 nM after 45 minutes of ischemia, p = 0.004). Hearts arrested with cardioplegia containing SEA0400 had better recovery of LV work compared to cardioplegia without SEA0400 (23140 ± 2264 vs. 7750 ± 929 mmHg.μl, p = 0.0001). Troponin release during reperfusion was lower (0.6 ± 0.2 vs. 2.4 ± 0.5 ng/mL, p = 0.0026), and there were more intact (41 ± 3 vs. 22 ± 5%, p < 0.005), and fewer disrupted mitochondria (24 ± 2 vs. 33 ± 3%, p < 0.05) in the SEA0400 group. Conclusions SEA0400 added to cardioplegia limits accumulation of intracellular Ca2+ during ischemic arrest in isolated cardiomyocytes and prevents myocardial injury and improves recovery of LV function in isolated hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stacy O'Blenes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
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Dehina L, Descotes J, Chevalier P, Bui-Xuan B, Romestaing C, Dizerens N, Mamou Z, Timour Q. Protective effects of ranolazine and propranolol, alone or combined, on the structural and functional alterations of cardiomyocyte mitochondria in a pig model of ischemia/reperfusion. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2013; 28:257-67. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Dehina
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
| | - Jacques Descotes
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
- Poison Center and Pharmacovigilance Department; Lyon University Hospitals; Lyon France
| | - Philippe Chevalier
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
| | - Bernard Bui-Xuan
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
| | - Caroline Romestaing
- Laboratory of Extreme Physiology; Claude Bernard University; Villeurbanne France
| | - Nicole Dizerens
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
| | - Zahida Mamou
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
| | - Quadiri Timour
- EA 4612; Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology; Claude Bernard University; Lyon France
- Poison Center and Pharmacovigilance Department; Lyon University Hospitals; Lyon France
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13
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Sanbe A, Marunouchi T, Abe T, Tezuka Y, Okada M, Aoki S, Tsumura H, Yamauchi J, Tanonaka K, Nishigori H, Tanoue A. Phenotype of cardiomyopathy in cardiac-specific heat shock protein B8 K141N transgenic mouse. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:8910-21. [PMID: 23389032 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.368324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A K141N missense mutation in heat shock protein (HSP) B8, which belongs to the small HSP family, causes distal hereditary motor neuropathy, which is characterized by the formation of inclusion bodies in cells. Although the HSPB8 gene causes hereditary motor neuropathy, obvious expression of HSPB8 is also observed in other tissues, such as the heart. The effects of a single mutation in HSPB8 upon the heart were analyzed using rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. Expression of HSPB8 K141N by adenoviral infection resulted in increased HSPB8-positive aggregates around nuclei, whereas no aggregates were observed in myocytes expressing wild-type HSPB8. HSPB8-positive aggresomes contained amyloid oligomer intermediates that were detected by a specific anti-oligomer antibody (A11). Expression of HSPB8 K141N induced slight cellular toxicity. Recombinant HSPB8 K141N protein showed reactivity against the anti-oligomer antibody, and reactivity of the mutant HSPB8 protein was much higher than that of wild-type HSPB8 protein. To extend our in vitro study, cardiac-specific HSPB8 K141N transgenic (TG) mice were generated. Echocardiography revealed that the HSPB8 K141N TG mice exhibited mild hypertrophy and apical fibrosis as well as slightly reduced cardiac function, although no phenotype was detected in wild-type HSPB8 TG mice. A single point mutation of HSPB8, such as K141N, can cause cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sanbe
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan.
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14
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Thuc LC, Teshima Y, Takahashi N, Nishio S, Fukui A, Kume O, Saito S, Nakagawa M, Saikawa T. Inhibition of Na⁺-H⁺ exchange as a mechanism of rapid cardioprotection by resveratrol. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 166:1745-55. [PMID: 22288422 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01877.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Resveratrol is a polyphenol abundantly found in grape skin and red wine. In the present study, we investigated whether resveratrol exerts protective effects against cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion and also explored its mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Infarct size and functional recovery in rat isolated perfused hearts subjected to no-flow global ischaemia followed by reperfusion were measured. Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were exposed to H(2)O(2) (100 µmol·L(-1)) to induce cell injury. Intracellular ion concentrations were measured using specific dyes. Western blotting was used to quantify protein expression levels. KEY RESULTS In rat isolated perfused hearts, treatment with resveratrol (20 and 100 µmol·L(-1)) 15 min before ischaemia considerably improved left ventricular functional recovery and infarct size. In cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, resveratrol significantly attenuated the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of mitochondrial inner membrane potential. Resveratrol also suppressed the increase in intracellular concentrations of Na(+) ([Na(+)](i)) and Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) after H(2)O(2) application; however, it did not suppress the ouabain-induced [Ca(2+) ](i) increase. By measuring changes in intracellular pH recovery after acidification, we also confirmed that acid-induced activation of the Na(+)-H(+) exchanger (NHE) was prevented by pretreatment with resveratrol. Furthermore, resveratrol inhibited the H(2)O(2)-induced translocation of PKC-α from the cytosol to the cell membrane; this translocation is believed to activate NHE. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Resveratrol exerts cardioprotection by reducing ROS and preserving mitochondrial function. The PKC-α-dependent inhibition of NHE and subsequent attenuation of [Ca(2+)](i) overload may be a cardioprotective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luong Cong Thuc
- Department of Laboratory Examination and Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
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15
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Sharma V, Bell RM, Yellon DM. Targeting reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction: a review of reperfusion injury pharmacotherapy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012; 13:1153-75. [PMID: 22594845 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2012.685163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (secondary to lethal ischemia-reperfusion [IR]) contributes to much of the mortality and morbidity from ischemic heart disease. Currently, the treatment for AMI is early reperfusion; however, this itself contributes to the final myocardial infarct size, in the form of what has been termed 'lethal reperfusion injury'. Over the last few decades, the discovery of the phenomena of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning, as well as remote preconditioning and remote postconditioning, along with significant advances in our understanding of the cardioprotective pathways underlying these phenomena, have provided the possibility of successful mechanical and pharmacological interventions against reperfusion injury. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the evidence from clinical trials evaluating pharmacological agents as adjuncts to standard reperfusion therapy for ST-elevation AMI. EXPERT OPINION Reperfusion injury pharmacotherapy has moved from bench to bedside, with clinical evaluation and ongoing clinical trials providing us with valuable insights into the shortcomings of current research in establishing successful treatments for reducing reperfusion injury. There is a need to address some key issues that may be leading to lack of translation of cardioprotection seen in basic models to the clinical setting. These issues are discussed in the Expert opinion section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Sharma
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
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16
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Mohanty IR, Maheshwari U, Joseph D, Deshmukh Y. Bacopa monniera protects rat heart against ischaemia–reperfusion injury: role of key apoptotic regulatory proteins and enzymes. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:1175-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Rat isolated hearts were perfused in a Langendorff model to study the cardioprotective effects of Bacopa monniera, a medicinal herb used in the Indian system of medicine, on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and antioxidant status following ischaemia–reperfusion (I-R) injury.
Methods
Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups (12 in each group): sham group (no ischaemia–reperfusion injury), B. monniera control group (orally fed B. monniera at a dose of 75 mg/kg, for three weeks); ischaemia–reperfusion control group(subjected to ischaemia–reperfusion-induced myocardial injury) and B. monniera-treated group (same protocol as ischaemia–reperfusion control group except that rats also fed B. monniera).
Key findings
Post-ischaemic reperfusion injury resulted in significant cardiac necrosis, apoptosis, depression of heart rate, decline in antioxidant status and elevation in lipid peroxidation. Oral administration of B. monniera per se for three weeks to healthy rats caused augmentation of myocardial antioxidants, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, along with induction of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72). Ischaemia–reperfusion-induced biochemical and histopathological perturbations were significantly prevented by B. monniera (75 mg/kg) pre-treatment. Interestingly, B. monniera also restored the antioxidant network of the myocardium and reduced myocardial apoptosis, caspase 3 and Bax protein expression.
Conclusions
Histopathological studies and myocardial creatine phosphokinase content further confirmed the cardioprotective effects of B. monniera (75 mg/kg) in the experimental model of ischaemia–reperfusion injury. The study provides scientific basis for the putative therapeutic effect of B. monniera in ischaemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
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Demaurex N, Poburko D, Frieden M. Regulation of plasma membrane calcium fluxes by mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:1383-94. [PMID: 19161976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 12/21/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in cell signaling is becoming increasingly apparent, to an extent that the signaling role of mitochondria appears to have stolen the spotlight from their primary function as energy producers. In this chapter, we will review the ionic basis of calcium handling by mitochondria and discuss the mechanisms that these organelles use to regulate the activity of plasma membrane calcium channels and transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Demaurex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1, rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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