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Zhu CP, Liu SQ, Wang KQ, Xiong HL, Aristu-Zabalza P, Boyer-Díaz Z, Feng JF, Song SH, Cheng-Luo, Chen WS, Zhang X, Dong WH, Gracia-Sancho J, Xie WF. Targeting 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1A in the Portal Vein to Decrease Portal Hypertension. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)05062-5. [PMID: 38906512 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS & AIMS Portal hypertension (PH) is one of the most frequent complications of chronic liver disease. The peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level was increased in cirrhotic patients. We aimed to elucidate the function and mechanism of 5-HT receptor 1A (HTR1A) in the portal vein (PV) on PH. METHODS PH models were induced by thioacetamide injection, bile duct ligation, or partial PV ligation. HTR1A expression was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence staining. In situ intraportal infusion was used to assess the effects of 5-HT, the HTR1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT, and the HTR1A antagonist WAY-100635 on portal pressure (PP). Htr1a-knockout (Htr1a-/-) rats and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific Htr1a-knockout (Htr1aΔVSMC) mice were used to confirm the regulatory role of HTR1A on PP. RESULTS HTR1A expression was significantly increased in the hypertensive PV of PH model rats and cirrhotic patients. Additionally, 8-OH-DPAT increased, but WAY-100635 decreased, the PP in rats without affecting liver fibrosis and systemic hemodynamics. Furthermore, 5-HT or 8-OH-DPAT directly induced the contraction of isolated PVs. Genetic deletion of Htr1a in rats and VSMC-specific Htr1a knockout in mice prevented the development of PH. Moreover, 5-HT triggered adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate pathway-mediated PV smooth muscle cell contraction via HTR1A in the PV. We also confirmed alverine as an HTR1A antagonist and demonstrated its capacity to decrease PP in rats with thioacetamide-, bile duct ligation-, and partial PV ligation-induced PH. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that 5-HT promotes PH by inducing the contraction of the PV and identify HTR1A as a promising therapeutic target for attenuating PH. As an HTR1A antagonist, alverine is expected to become a candidate for clinical PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Peng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Qing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Lin Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peio Aristu-Zabalza
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoe Boyer-Díaz
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ji-Feng Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hua Song
- Organ Transplantation Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Hua Dong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD; Barcelona, Spain; Department for Biomedical Research, Hepatology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Wei-Fen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Chen FF, He XF, Zhu XX, Zhang Z, Shen XY, Chen Q, Xu JH, Turner NJ, Zheng GW. Discovery of an Imine Reductase for Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds with Sterically Challenging Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4015-4025. [PMID: 36661845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of structurally diverse amines is of fundamental significance in the pharmaceutical industry due to the ubiquitous presence of amine motifs in biologically active molecules. Biocatalytic reductive amination for amine production has attracted great interest owing to its synthetic advantages. Herein, we report the direct synthesis of a wide range of sterically demanding secondary amines, including several important active pharmaceutical ingredients and pharmaceutical intermediates, via reductive amination of carbonyl substrates and bulky amine nucleophiles employing imine reductases. Key to success for this route is the identification of an imine reductase from Penicillium camemberti with unusual substrate specificity and its further engineering, which empowered the accommodation of a broad range of sterically demanding amine nucleophiles encompassing linear alkyl and (hetero)aromatic (oxy)alkyl substituents and the formation of final amine products with up to >99% conversion. The practical utility of the biocatalytic route has been demonstrated by its application in the preparative synthesis of the anti-hyperparathyroidism drug cinacalcet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue-Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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3
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Yoon JH, Lee SM, Lee Y, Kim MJ, Yang JW, Choi JY, Kwak JY, Lee KP, Yang YR, Kwon KS. Alverine citrate promotes myogenic differentiation and ameliorates muscle atrophy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 586:157-162. [PMID: 34847441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and function and no pharmacological medication has been approved for its treatment. We established an atrogin-1/MAFbx promoter assay to find drug candidates that inhibit myotube atrophy. Alverine citrate (AC) was identified using high-throughput screening of an existing drug library. AC is an established medicine for stomach and intestinal spasms. AC treatment increased myotube diameter and inhibited atrophy signals induced by either C26-conditioned medium or dexamethasone in cultured C2C12 myoblasts. AC also enhanced myoblast fusion through the upregulation of fusion-related genes during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Oral administration of AC improves muscle mass and physical performance in aged mice, as well as hindlimb-disused mice. Taken together, our data suggest that AC may be a novel therapeutic candidate for improving muscle weakness, including sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyeon Yoon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min Ju Kim
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yi Choi
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kwak
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Pyo Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ryoul Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Aventi Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Brenner DM, Lacy BE. Antispasmodics for Chronic Abdominal Pain: Analysis of North American Treatment Options. Am J Gastroenterol 2021; 116:1587-1600. [PMID: 33993133 PMCID: PMC8315189 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic abdominal pain is a common gastrointestinal (GI) symptom that characterizes many functional GI disorders/disorders of gut-brain interaction, including irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and centrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome. The symptoms of abdominal pain in these highly prevalent disorders are often treated with antispasmodic agents. Antispasmodic treatment includes a broad range of therapeutic classes with different mechanisms of action, including anticholinergic/antimuscarinic agents (inhibition of GI smooth muscle contraction), calcium channel inhibitors (inhibition of calcium transport into GI smooth muscle), and direct smooth muscle relaxants (inhibition of sodium and calcium transport). The aim of this review article was to examine the efficacy and safety of antispasmodics available in North America (e.g., alverine, dicyclomine, hyoscine, hyoscyamine, mebeverine, otilonium, pinaverium, and trimebutine) for the treatment of chronic abdominal pain in patients with common disorders of gut-brain interaction. For the agents examined, comparisons of studies are limited by inconsistencies in treatment dosing and duration, patient profiles, and diagnostic criteria employed. Furthermore, variability in study end points limits comparisons. Risk of selection, performance, detection, attrition, and reporting bias also differed among studies, and in many cases, risks were considered "unclear." The antispasmodics evaluated in this review, which differ in geographic availability, were found to vary dramatically in efficacy and safety. Given these caveats, each agent should be considered on an individual basis, rather than prescribed based on information across the broad class of agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren M. Brenner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian E. Lacy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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5
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Anti-Inflammatory Functions of Alverine via Targeting Src in the NF-κB Pathway. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040611. [PMID: 32326535 PMCID: PMC7225962 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alverine, a smooth muscle relaxant, is used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach and intestine. Although the effects of alverine on spontaneous and induced contractile activity are well known, its anti-inflammatory activity has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of alverine in vitro and in vivo. The production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) was reduced by alverine. The mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was also dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with alverine. In reporter gene assays, alverine clearly decreased luciferase activity, mediated by the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)- or MyD88-overexpressing HEK293 cells. Additionally, phosphorylation of NF-κB subunits and upstream signaling molecules, including p65, p50, AKT, IκBα, and Src was downregulated by 200 μM of alverine in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Using immunoblotting and cellular thermal shift assays (CETSAs), Src was identified as the target of alverine in its anti-inflammatory response. In addition, HCl/EtOH-stimulated gastric ulcers in mice were ameliorated by alverine at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. In conclusion, alverine reduced inflammatory responses by targeting Src in the NF-κB pathway, and these findings provide new insights into the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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6
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Fernández-Stefanuto V, Esteiro P, Santiago R, Moreno D, Palomar J, Tojo E. Design and synthesis of alverine-based ionic liquids to improve drug water solubility. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alverine [3-phenyl-N-(3-phenylpropyl)-N-ethylpropan-1-amine] is a widely known smooth muscle relaxant used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach and intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Esteiro
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Universidade de Vigo
- Marcosende
- As Lagoas
- Vigo-362180
| | - R. Santiago
- Departamento de Química Física aplicada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Campus de Cantoblanco
- C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7
- Madrid 28049
| | - D. Moreno
- Departamento de Química Física aplicada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Campus de Cantoblanco
- C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7
- Madrid 28049
| | - J. Palomar
- Departamento de Química Física aplicada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Campus de Cantoblanco
- C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7
- Madrid 28049
| | - E. Tojo
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Universidade de Vigo
- Marcosende
- As Lagoas
- Vigo-362180
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7
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Sherman SP, Bang AG. High-throughput screen for compounds that modulate neurite growth of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.031906. [PMID: 29361516 PMCID: PMC5894944 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.031906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of technology platforms to perform compound screens of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons with relatively high throughput is essential to realize their potential for drug discovery. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of high-throughput screening of hiPSC-derived neurons using a high-content, image-based approach focused on neurite growth, a process that is fundamental to formation of neural networks and nerve regeneration. From a collection of 4421 bioactive small molecules, we identified 108 hit compounds, including 37 approved drugs, that target molecules or pathways known to regulate neurite growth, as well as those not previously associated with this process. These data provide evidence that many pathways and targets known to play roles in neurite growth have similar activities in hiPSC-derived neurons that can be identified in an unbiased phenotypic screen. The data also suggest that hiPSC-derived neurons provide a useful system to study the mechanisms of action and off-target activities of the approved drugs identified as hits, leading to a better understanding of their clinical efficacy and toxicity, especially in the context of specific human genetic backgrounds. Finally, the hit set we report constitutes a sublibrary of approved drugs and tool compounds that modulate neurites. This sublibrary will be invaluable for phenotypic analyses and interrogation of hiPSC-based disease models as probes for defining phenotypic differences and cellular vulnerabilities in patient versus control cells, as well as for investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying human neurite growth in development and maintenance of neuronal networks, and nerve regeneration. Summary: High-throughput, small molecule screening of hiPSC-derived neurons using a high-content, image-based approach focused on neurite growth identified hit compounds, including approved drugs, which target molecules or pathways known to regulate neurite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Sherman
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anne G Bang
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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8
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Shakhmaev RN, Sunagatullina AS, Zorin VV. Alternative synthesis of alverine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428017060045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Ducrotte P, Grimaud JC, Dapoigny M, Personnic S, O'Mahony V, Andro-Delestrain MC. On-demand treatment with alverine citrate/simeticone compared with standard treatments for irritable bowel syndrome: results of a randomised pragmatic study. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:245-54. [PMID: 24147869 PMCID: PMC4282257 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In routine practice, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms are often difficult to be relieved and impair significantly patients' quality of life (QoL). A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study has shown the efficacy of alverine citrate/simeticone (ACS) combination for IBS symptom relief. AIM As IBS symptoms are often intermittent, this pragmatic study was designed to compare the efficacy of an on-demand ACS treatment vs. that of usual treatments. METHODS Rome III IBS patients were enrolled by 87 general practitioners who were randomly allocated to one of two therapeutic strategies: on-demand ACS or usual treatment chosen by the physician. The primary outcome measure was the improvement of the IBSQoL score between inclusion and month 6. RESULTS A total of 436 patients (mean age: 54.4 years; women: 73.4%) were included, 222 in the ACS arm and 214 patients in the usual treatment arm, which was mainly antispasmodics. At 6 months, improvement of IBSQoL was greater with ACS than with the usual treatment group (13.8 vs. 8.4; p < 0.0008). The IBS-severity symptom score (IBS-SSS) was lower with ACS than in the usual treatment arm with a mean (SE) decrease of 170.0 (6.6) vs. 110.7 (6.7), respectively (p = 0.0001). An IBS-SSS < 75 was more frequent in the ACS group (37.7% vs. 16.0%; p < 0.0001). Improvement of both abdominal pain and bloating severity was also greater with the on-demand ACS treatment, which was associated with both lower direct and indirect costs. CONCLUSIONS After 6 months, on-demand ACS treatment led to a greater improvement of QoL, reduced the burden of the disease and was more effective for IBS symptom relief than usual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ducrotte
- Department of Gastroenterology, UMR 1073, Rouen University Hospital, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
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10
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Lee SH, Athavankar S, Cohen T, Piran R, Kiselyuk A, Levine F. Identification of alverine and benfluorex as HNF4α activators. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:1730-6. [PMID: 23675775 DOI: 10.1021/cb4000986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The principal finding of this study is that two drugs, alverine and benfluorex, used in vastly different clinical settings, activated the nuclear receptor transcription factor HNF4α. Both were hits in a high-throughput screen for compounds that reversed the inhibitory effect of the fatty acid palmitate on human insulin promoter activity. Alverine is used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, while benfluorex (Mediator) was used to treat hyperlipidemia and type II diabetes. Benfluorex was withdrawn from the market recently because of serious cardiovascular side effects related to fenfluramine-like activity. Strikingly, alverine and benfluorex have a previously unrecognized structural similarity, consistent with a common mechanism of action. Gene expression and biochemical studies revealed that they both activate HNF4α. This novel mechanism of action should lead to a reinterpretation of previous studies with these drugs and suggests a path toward the development of therapies for diseases such as inflammatory bowel and diabetes that may respond to HNF4α activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Lee
- Sanford Children’s
Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla,
California, 92037, United States
| | - Sonalee Athavankar
- Sanford Children’s
Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla,
California, 92037, United States
| | - Tom Cohen
- Sanford Children’s
Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla,
California, 92037, United States
| | - Ron Piran
- Sanford Children’s
Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla,
California, 92037, United States
| | - Alice Kiselyuk
- Sanford Children’s
Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla,
California, 92037, United States
| | - Fred Levine
- Sanford Children’s
Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla,
California, 92037, United States
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11
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Involvement of Rho-Kinase Signaling Pathways in Nerve Evoked and Spontaneous Contractions of the Guinea Pig Prostate. J Urol 2013; 189:1147-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Bueno L, Beaufrand C, Theodorou V, Andro-Delestrain MC. Influence of simethicone and alverine on stress-induced alterations of colonic permeability and sensitivity in rats: beneficial effect of their association. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:567-73. [PMID: 23488786 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alverine, an antispasmodic agent for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), may be combined with simethicone, a protective agent of the mucosa. Stress is a major factor triggering abdominal pain in IBS and causing hypersensitivity to colonic distension in animals through an increased colonic permeability. The antinociceptive effects of alverine and simethicone, separately or in association, were evaluated on stress-induced colonic hypersensitivity to distension in rats. The influence of simethicone on altered permeability was also tested. METHODS Groups of 8-10 female adult Wistar rats (200-250 g) housed individually were used. Gut paracellular permeability was evaluated after 2 h of partial restraint stress using oral gavage with ⁵¹Cr-EDTA and 24 h of urine collection. The number of abdominal cramps during colonic distension was evaluated in animals equipped with electrodes on their abdominal striated muscles. KEY FINDINGS At 200 mg/kg p.o. twice a day, but not at lower doses, simethicone reduced stress-induced increase of colonic permeability and hypersensitivity to distension. Administered alone at 10 mg/kg p.o., alverine also reduced stress-induced hypersensitivity to distension; lower doses were inactive. However, alverine administered at an inactive dose with simethicone suppressed stress-induced hypersensitivity to distension. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that both simethicone and alverine have visceral antinociceptive effects by two different mechanisms and that simethicone exerts a potentiating effect on the antinociceptive action of alverine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Bueno
- Department of Neurogastroenterology, Toxalim- INRA, Toulouse, France.
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13
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Pavlović I, Petrović S, Radenković M, Milenković M, Couladis M, Branković S, Drobac MP, Niketić M. Composition, antimicrobial, antiradical and spasmolytic activity of Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel (Apiaceae) essential oil. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Ghosh C, Jha V, Ahir R, Shah S, Shinde C, Chakraborty BS. A rapid and most sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of alverine and its major metabolite, para hydroxy alverine, in human plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study. Drug Test Anal 2010; 2:284-91. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Wittmann T, Paradowski L, Ducrotté P, Bueno L, Andro Delestrain MC. Clinical trial: the efficacy of alverine citrate/simeticone combination on abdominal pain/discomfort in irritable bowel syndrome--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 31:615-24. [PMID: 20003095 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alverine citrate and simeticone combination has been used for almost 20 years in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but supportive scientific evidence of efficacy was limited. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of alverine citrate and simeticone combination in patients with IBS-related abdominal pain/discomfort. METHODS A total of 412 IBS patients meeting ROME III criteria were included in this double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study if their abdominal pain/discomfort intensity was at least 60 mm on a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) during a 2-week run-in treatment-free period. Patients were randomly assigned through the use of Interactive Voice Response System to receive either alverine citrate 60 mg with simeticone 300 mg three times daily or matching placebo for 4 weeks. RESULTS The full analysis set included 409 patients (71.4% female: mean age: 46.2 +/- 13.9 years). At week 4, alverine citrate and simeticone group had lower VAS scores of abdominal pain/discomfort (median: 40 mm vs. 50 mm, P = 0.047) and higher responder rate (46.8% vs. 34.3%, OR = 1.3; P = 0.01) as compared with placebo group. Patient receiving alverine citrate and simeticone reported greater global symptom improvement compared with those receiving placebo (P = 0.0001). Reported adverse events were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION Alverine citrate/simeticone combination was significantly more effective than placebo in relieving abdominal pain/discomfort in patients with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wittmann
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Gomes NA, Laud A, Pudage A, Joshi SS, Vaidya VV, Tandel JA. Validated LC–MS/MS method for determination of Alverine and one of its hydroxy metabolites in human plasma along with its application to a bioequivalence study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:197-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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