1
|
Comparison of reduced-toxicity conditioning protocols using fludarabine, melphalan combined with thiotepa or carmustine in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2020; 56:110-120. [PMID: 32591641 PMCID: PMC7319212 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-020-0986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The age of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) has increased during the last decades, mainly due to improved reduced-intensity/toxicity conditioning protocols. A reduced-intensity conditioning based on fludarabin, carmustin/BCNU and melphalan (FBM) has been previously developed at our institution. Since we observed detrimental effects in individual patients with compromised lung function, efforts have been made in order to replace BCNU by thiotepa (FTM) to reduce toxicity. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the outcome, GvHD incidence, lung function and organ toxicity of patients with a median age of 62 years (range 21–79) transplanted for malignant disease (96.7%, 62.3% in intermediate/advanced disease stage) at our institution after conditioning with FBM (n = 136) or FTM (n = 105) between 2013 and 2017. Median follow-up was 868 days (range 0–2615). In multivariate analysis for overall survival, no difference was detected between both conditioning protocols in the presence of impaired lung function, age, lower performance, and liver disease previous allo-HCT. In the subgroup analysis, FTM was not inferior to FBM in patients with pulmonary disease prior allo-HCT, lymphoid malignancies, and higher comorbidity index. In conclusion, the reduced-intensity FBM and FTM conditioning protocols show adequate antineoplastic efficacy and are suitable for patients with impaired lung function. Conditioning protocol based on fludarabin, melphalan combined with thiotepa (FTM) showed sufficient anti-neoplastic effect and is suitable for patients with impaired lung function prior allo-HCT.
Collapse
|
2
|
Spina F, Radice T, De Philippis C, Soldarini M, Di Chio MC, Dodero A, Guidetti A, Viviani S, Corradini P. Allogeneic transplantation for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: long-term outcomes and graft-versus-host disease-free/relapse-free survival. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:101-109. [PMID: 29716416 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1459607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This monocentric retrospective study included 70 consecutive relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (RR-HL) patients receiving reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). We evaluated overall and progression-free survival (OS, PFS), graft-versus host disease/relapse-free survival (GFRS), and chronic GVHD-free OS (cGVHD-free OS) defined as OS without moderate-to-severe cGVHD. Patients had a median age of 33 years (range, 18-60 years), 23% had refractory disease (SD/PD). Donors were HLA identical (39%), unrelated (30%), or haploidentical (31%). Median follow-up was 6.2 years. Five-year OS was 59% and PFS was 49%. NRM was 16% at 1 year. 44% of patients had cGVHD, and 14% moderate-to-severe cGVHD at last follow-up. GFRS and cGVHD-free OS were 26 and 48% at 5 years. In multivariate analysis, resistant disease at alloSCT impacted survival and GFRS. In conclusion, disease response before alloSCT impacts survival and GFRS. GVHD outcomes may help comparing the long-term effects of the new salvage treatments that bridge patients to alloSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Spina
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy
| | - Tommaso Radice
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Chiara De Philippis
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Martina Soldarini
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Chio
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Anna Dodero
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy
| | - Anna Guidetti
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy
| | - Simonetta Viviani
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy
| | - Paolo Corradini
- a Division of Hematology , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eder S, Beohou E, Labopin M, Sanz J, Finke J, Arcese W, Or R, Bonifazi F, Aljurf M, Socié G, Passweg J, Giebel S, Mohty M, Nagler A. Thiotepa-based conditioning for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia-A survey from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Am J Hematol 2017; 92:18-22. [PMID: 27673280 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed a thiotepa-based conditioning regimen for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, using the EBMT database. A total of 323 patients were identified. The median age was 43 years. Disease status at transplant was first complete remission (CR1) in 48.9%, CR2 in 21.7%, CR3 in 6.2%, while 23.2% of the patients had an active disease at the time of transplant. This was performed from a HLA-matched sibling (49.8%) or a matched-unrelated donor (51.2%). The incidence of acute graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) (grade > II) was 26.6%, while chronic GvHD occurred in 35.9% of the patients at 1 year (24.6% with extensive disease). With a median follow-up of 16.8 months, the nonrelapse mortality was 12.4 and 25.3% at 100 days and 1 year, respectively. The relapse incidence at 1 year was 33.3% with no difference for patients in CR1 (27%). The one-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) were 57 and 66%, respectively for the entire cohort and 50 and 66%, respectively in patients in CR1. Thiotepa/busulfan ± melphalan (n = 213) in comparison to thiotepa/other (n = 110) conditioning regimen resulted in higher relapse incidence at 1 year (34.9 vs. 30.3%, P = 0.016) and lower LFS (38.8 vs. 45.9%, P = 0.0203), while nonrelapse mortality (23.8 vs. 26.3%, n.s.) and OS (59.6 vs. 51.1%, P = 0.109) did not differ. This large study suggests that a thiotepa-based conditioning for allogeneic transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia is feasible and effective, with the main outcomes being comparable to those achieved with other regimens. Am. J. Hematol. 92:18-22, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Eder
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
| | - Eric Beohou
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
| | | | - Jaime Sanz
- Servicio de Hematología; Hospital Universitari i politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - Jürgen Finke
- Hematology/Oncology; University Medical Center Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | - William Arcese
- Department of Hematology and Transplant; University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’; Rome Italy
| | - Reuven Or
- Bone Marrow Transplantation; Hadassah University Hospital; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Francesca Bonifazi
- S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital Institute of Hematology and Medical, Oncology L and A Seràgnoli, Bologna University; Bologna Italy
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Oncology (Section of Adult Haematolgy/BMT), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerard Socié
- Department of Hematology, BMT; Hospital St. Louis; Paris France
| | | | - Sebastian Giebel
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
- Gliwice Branch; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology; Gliwice Poland
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
| | - Arnon Nagler
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine; Paris France
- Hematology Division; Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Tel Aviv University; Tel-Hashomer Ramat-Gan Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eder S, Labopin M, Finke J, Bunjes D, Olivieri A, Santarone S, Rambaldi A, Kanz L, Messina G, Mohty M, Nagler A. Safety and efficacy of thiotepa-based conditioning for allogeneic transplantation in AML: a survey from the ALWP of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:238-244. [PMID: 27643865 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of thiotepa-based regimens before allogeneic stem cell transplantation in 310 adult patients with AML. Disease status at the time of transplantation was CR1 in 50%, CR2+ in 23.5% and advanced disease in 26.5%. Transplantation was performed from haploidentical (35%), matched sibling (27%), unrelated (20%) or cord blood (18%) donors. As for safety: mucositis occurred in 46.8% of the patients and the cumulative incidence (CI) of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome was 4.0%. With a median follow-up of 37 months, the CI of acute GvHD grade>II was 26.5%, whereas CI of chronic GvHD was 28.1% at 3 years. CI for non-relapse mortality at 3 years was 38.4%, 49.7% and 45.4% for patients in CR1, CR2+ and advanced disease, respectively (P=0.10). Relapse incidence at 3 years was 20.2, 30.7 and 40.6% in these three respective groups (P=0.002). CI for 3-year leukemia-free survival and overall survival were 41.4% and 45.6% (CR1), 19.6% and 27.7% (CR2+), and 13.9% and 13.6% (advanced disease), respectively (P<10-4 for both). Our data suggest that thiotepa-based conditioning therapy in AML is feasible, effective and safe, as investigated for sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and mucositis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Eder
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - M Labopin
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - J Finke
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, Oncology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - D Bunjes
- Klinik fuer Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Olivieri
- Department of Hematology, Azienda Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona-Torrete, Italy
| | - S Santarone
- Department of Hematology, Ospedale Civile, Pescara, Italy
| | - A Rambaldi
- USC Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - L Kanz
- Abteilung II, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Messina
- Centro Trapianti Midollo Osseo, Azienda Ospedaliera 'BMM', Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - M Mohty
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - A Nagler
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eder S, Labopin M, Arcese W, Or R, Majolino I, Bacigalupo A, de Rosa G, Volin L, Beelen D, Veelken H, Schaap NPM, Kuball J, Cornelissen J, Nagler A, Mohty M. Thiotepa-based versus total body irradiation-based myeloablative conditioning prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia in first complete remission: a retrospective analysis from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Eur J Haematol 2015; 96:90-7. [PMID: 25807864 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thiotepa is an alkylating compound with an antineoplastic and myeloablative activity and can mimic the effect of radiation. However, it is unknown whether this new regimen could safely replace the long-established ones. This retrospective matched-pair analysis evaluated the outcome of adults with acute myeloid leukaemia in first complete remission who received myeloablative conditioning either with a thiotepa-based (n = 121) or a cyclophosphamide/total body irradiation-based (TBI; n = 358) regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from an HLA-matched sibling or an unrelated donor. With a median follow-up of 44 months, the outcome was similar in both groups. Acute graft-versus-host disease grade II-IV was observed in 25% after thiotepa-containing regimen versus 35% after TBI (P = 0.06). The 2-yr cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 40.5% for thiotepa and 41% for TBI (P = 0.98). At 2 yrs, the cumulative incidences of non-relapse mortality and relapse incidence were 23.9% (thiotepa) vs. 22.4% (TBI; P = 0.66) and 17.2% (thiotepa) vs. 23.3% (TBI; P = 0.77), respectively. The probabilities of leukaemia-free and overall survival at 2 yrs were not significantly different between the thiotepa and TBI groups, at 58.9% vs. 54.2% (P = 0.95) and 61.4% vs. 58% (P = 0.72), respectively. Myeloablative regimens using combinations including thiotepa can provide satisfactory outcomes, but the optimal conditioning remains unclear for the individual patient in this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Eder
- EBMT Office Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | | | - William Arcese
- Rome Transplant Network "Tor Vergata", University of Rome Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Reuven Or
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Gennaro de Rosa
- Division of Hematology, University of Napoli Federico II Medical School, Napoli, Italy
| | - Liisa Volin
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietrich Beelen
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Veelken
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas P M Schaap
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Kuball
- Department of Haematology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Cornelissen
- Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Theurich S, Fischmann H, Shimabukuro-Vornhagen A, Chemnitz JM, Holtick U, Scheid C, Skoetz N, von Bergwelt-Baildon M. Polyclonal anti-thymocyte globulins for the prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012:CD009159. [PMID: 22972135 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009159.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established treatment for many malignant and non-malignant haematological disorders. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a condition frequently occurring after HSCT, is the result of host tissues being attacked by donor immune cells. One strategy for the prevention of GVHD is the administration of anti-thymocyte globulins (ATG), a set of polyclonal antibodies directed against a variety of immune cell epitopes, leading to immunosuppression and immunomodulation. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of ATG used for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT with regard to overall survival, incidence and severity of acute and chronic GVHD, incidence of relapse, incidence of infectious complications, non-relapse mortality, early mortality within 100 days of transplantation, progression-free survival, quality of life and adverse events. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 3), MEDLINE (January 1950 to February 2012), trials registries and conference proceedings. The search was conducted in October 2010 and was updated in July 2011 and February 2012. We did not apply any language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the impact of ATG on GVHD prophylaxis in adults suffering from haematological diseases and undergoing allogeneic HSCT. Treatment arms had to differ only in the addition of ATG to the standard GVHD prophylaxis regimen. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors screened abstracts, extracted data and analysed the data independently. We contacted study authors for additional information. MAIN RESULTS We included in the meta-analysis six RCTs which met the pre-defined selection criteria, involving a total of 568 participants. Quality of data reporting was heterogeneous among these studies with a lack of detailed information in the early studies.The primary outcome of overall survival was not significantly changed by the addition of ATG for the prophylaxis of GVHD (harms ratio (HR) 0.88; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.15, P = 0.33).The incidence of treatment-requiring or severe acute GVHD (grade II to IV) was significantly lower in patients who received ATG (risk ratio (RR) 0.68; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.85, P = 0.009; number needed to treat (NNT) 8). Also, the incidence of severe acute GVHD (grade III to IV) was significantly reduced (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.85, P = 0.0005; NNT 7) but comparable data were available for rabbit ATG only. However, pooled study results regarding the incidence of acute GVHD of all grades (I to IV) showed no significant benefit of ATG treatment (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.06, P = 0.20).Meta-analysis of data regarding the incidence of overall chronic GVHD (both, limited and extensive) was not possible. Nevertheless, studies reporting on extensive chronic GVHD (only studies evaluating rabbit ATG) suggested a lower incidence of extensive chronic GVHD whereas others that only reported on overall chronic GVHD did not show an advantage for ATG.Pooled results regarding the incidence of relapse were not significantly different (RR 1.13; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.68, P = 0.56), as well as pooled results regarding non-relapse mortality (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.55 to 1.24, P = 0.35).Due to the lack of comparable data, we could not perform meta-analysis of data regarding the incidence of chronic GVHD, relapse-related mortality, progression-free survival, quality of life, adverse events and engraftment. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review suggests that the addition of ATG during allogeneic HSCT significantly reduces the incidence of severe grades (II to IV) of acute GvHD, whereas the incidence of overall acute GVHD (grades I to IV) was not significantly lowered. This indicates a reduction of the severity but not the incidence of acute GVHD. However, this effect did not lead to a significant improvement of overall survival, which may be due to the severe potential side effects of the consecutively increased immunosuppression.Furthermore, future research is needed to clarify the effect of ATG on the incidence and severity of chronic GVHD and consequently on all aspects of quality of life.From the currently available data, no recommendation on the general use of ATG in allogeneic HSCT can be supported. Therefore, a careful consideration of the use of ATG based on the patient's condition and the risk factors of the transplantation setting should be made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Theurich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Stem Cell Transplantation Program, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dodero A, Spina F, Narni F, Patriarca F, Cavattoni I, Benedetti F, Ciceri F, Baronciani D, Scimè R, Pogliani E, Rambaldi A, Bonifazi F, Dalto S, Bruno B, Corradini P. Allogeneic transplantation following a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen in relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphomas: long-term remissions and response to donor lymphocyte infusions support the role of a graft-versus-lymphoma effect. Leukemia 2011; 26:520-6. [PMID: 21904377 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Rescue chemotherapy or autologous stem cell transplantation (autoSCT) gives disappointing results in relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs). We have retrospectively evaluated the long-term outcome of 52 patients receiving allogeneic SCT for relapsed disease. Histologies were PTCL-not-otherwise specified (n=23), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (n=11), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas (n=9) and rare subtypes (n=9). Patients were allografted from related siblings (n=33, 64%) or alternative donors (n=13 (25%) from unrelated and 6 (11%) from haploidentical family donors), following reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens including thiotepa, fludarabine and cyclophosphamide. Most of the patients had chemosensitive disease (n=39, 75%) and 27 (52%) failed a previous autoSCT. At a median follow-up of 67 months, 27 of 52 patients were found to be alive (52%) and 25 (48%) were dead (n=19 disease progression, n=6 non-relapse mortality (NRM)). The cumulative incidence (CI) of NRM was 12% at 5 years. Extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease increased the risk of NRM (33% versus 8%, P=0.04). The CI of relapse was 49% at 5 years, influenced by disease status at the time of allografting (P=0.0009) and treatment lines (P=0.007). Five-year overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) were 50% (95% CI, 36 - 63%) and 40% (95% CI, 27 - 53%), respectively. The current PFS was 44% (95% CI, 30-57%). In all, 8 out of 12 patients (66%) who received donor-lymphocytes infusions for disease progression had a response. At multivariable analysis, refractory disease and age over 45 years were independent adverse prognostic factors. RIC allogeneic SCT is an effective salvage treatment with a better outcome for younger patients with chemosensitive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Dodero
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Allogeneic transplantation improves the overall and progression-free survival of Hodgkin lymphoma patients relapsing after autologous transplantation: a retrospective study based on the time of HLA typing and donor availability. Blood 2010; 115:3671-7. [PMID: 20220116 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-12-253856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma relapsing after autologous transplantation (autoSCT) has a dismal outcome. Allogeneic transplantation (alloSCT) using reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) is a salvage option, but its effectiveness is still unclear. To evaluate the role of RIC alloSCT, we designed a retrospective study based on the commitment of attending physicians to perform a salvage alloSCT; thus, only Hodgkin lymphoma patients having human leukocyte antigen-typing immediately after the failed autoSCT were included. Of 185 patients, 122 found an identical sibling (55%), a matched unrelated (32%) or a haploidentical sibling (13%) donor; 63 patients did not find any donor. Clinical features of both groups did not differ. Two-year progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were better in the donor group (39.3% vs 14.2%, and 66% vs 42%, respectively, P < .001) with a median follow-up of 48 months. In multivariable analysis, having a donor was significant for better PFS and OS (P < .001). Patients allografted in complete remission showed a better PFS and OS. This is the largest study comparing RIC alloSCT versus conventional treatment after a failed autoSCT, indicating a survival benefit for patients having a donor.
Collapse
|
9
|
Farina L, Carniti C, Dodero A, Vendramin A, Raganato A, Spina F, Patriarca F, Narni F, Benedetti F, Olivieri A, Corradini P. Qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction monitoring of minimal residual disease in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia: early assessment can predict long-term outcome after reduced intensity allogeneic transplantation. Haematologica 2009; 94:654-62. [PMID: 19377072 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2008.000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The graft-versus-leukemia effect is able to induce clinical responses in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with a reduced intensity conditioning regimen, followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We investigated whether molecular remissions could be attained after reduced intensity conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia and whether the assessment of minimal residual disease might be used to predict the clinical outcome. DESIGN AND METHODS Minimal residual disease was monitored by polymerase chain reaction using the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangement as a molecular marker in 29 relapsed patients who achieved complete remission following reduced intensity conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. A nested-polymerase chain reaction with patient-specific primers derived from complementarity determining regions (CDR2 and CDR3) was carried out in all the patients. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed in patients whose nested reaction gave positive or mixed results. RESULTS Three patterns of minimal residual disease were observed: negative (31%), mixed (24%), and always positive (45%). The cumulative incidence of relapse according to the minimal residual disease status at 6 and 12 months after transplantation was significantly different between polymerase chain reaction-negative and -positive patients (p=0.031 and p=0.04, respectively). Two-year disease-free survival was 93% and 46% for polymerase chain reaction-negative and -positive patients at 6 months after transplantation, respectively (p=0.012). Similarly, 2-year disease-free survival was 100% and 57% for polymerase chain reaction-negative and -positive patients at 12 months, respectively (p=0.037). No clinical or biological factors were predictive of the achievement of polymerase chain reaction negativity after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Graft-versus-host disease was more frequent in patients who did not relapse (p=0.04). Quantitative monitoring of minimal residual disease was able to identify polymerase chain reaction-positive patients with a higher risk of relapse. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that relapsed patients can achieve molecular remission after reduced intensity conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation and suggest a minimal residual disease-driven intervention that might be useful to prevent overt hematologic relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Farina
- Division of Hematology-Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Majolino I, Davoli M, Carnevalli E, Locasciulli A, Di Bartolomeo P, Scimè R, Corradini P, Selleri C, Narni F, Musso M, Bregni M, Olivieri A, De Fabritiis P, Pogliani L, Arbelaez JED, Ruscio C, Bacigalupo A. Reduced intensity conditioning with thiotepa, fludarabine, and melphalan is effective in advanced multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 2007; 48:759-66. [PMID: 17454635 DOI: 10.1080/10428190601186150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-three patients with multiple myeloma (MM) underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from their HLA identical siblings using a reduced-intensity conditioning consisting of thioteopa 5 mg/kg, fludarabine 90 mg/m(2), and melphalan 80 mg/m(2). Their median age was 52 years (range 38 - 68) and the interval from diagnosis 12 months. Forty-three patients (82%) had advanced disease and 33 had previously been treated with high-dose therapy with one (N = 21), or more (N = 12) autologus transplants. Ten (18%) had their allograft programmed after induction chemotherapy. The majority (N = 44) received peripheral blood as stem cell source. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) grade II - IV developed in 45%, but grade III - IV in only 5%. Cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 64%. Sixty-two per cent were in complete remission (CR) following transplantation. Transplant-related mortality was 13%. Relapse incidence was 32%. With a median follow-up of 22 months, 3-year overall survival is 45% and progression free survival (PFS) 37%. The thiotepa, fludarabine, and melphalan conditioning regimen can produce remissions in the majority of MM patients with a limited transplant mortality rate. When used as first line treatment the results of transplantation appear even more encouraging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Majolino
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mohty M, Bagattini S, Chabannon C, Faucher C, Bardou VJ, Bilger K, Vey N, Gaugler B, Stoppa AM, Coso D, Ladaique P, Olive D, Viens P, Blaise D. CD8+ T cell dose affects development of acute graft-vs-host disease following reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Exp Hematol 2005; 32:1097-102. [PMID: 15539088 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2004.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Revised: 07/08/2004] [Accepted: 07/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute graft-vs-host disease (aGVHD) remains an important cause of morbidity after reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic transplantation (allo-SCT). It has been shown that antithymocyte globulin (ATG) dose infused during RIC is a major determinant for the likelihood of developing aGVHD. The ATG modulation on aGVHD is likely related to in vivo T-cell depletion. PATIENTS AND METHODS We therefore investigated the relationship between the cellular composition of the allograft and clinical outcome in 57 patients who received allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells from HLA-identical siblings following an ATG-based RIC. RESULTS In a multivariate analysis, the CD8+ T cell dose infused was the only parameter associated with the risk of aGVHD (p=0.031; RR=1.96; 95% CI, 1.1-3.6). When looking at the extremes, patients experiencing grade III-IV aGVHD received a median of 143 x 10(6)/kg CD8+ T cells, while patients without aGVHD received a median of 96 x 10(6)/kg CD8+ T cells (p=0.021). None of the different cell subtypes contained in the allograft was associated with a significant probability of developing chronic GVHD. Patients with grade II aGVHD who received an intermediate dose of CD8+ T cells (median, 111 x 10(6)/kg) had a significantly better overall survival in comparison to patients with grade 0-I or grade III-IV aGVHD (p=0.009). CONCLUSION In comparison to myeloablative allo-SCT, these results demonstrate that a cautious monitoring of the number of cells infused, at least in the context of ATG-based RIC, may represent an important predictive indicator of early transplant-related events and outcome after RIC allo-SCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Mohty
- Unité de Transplantation et de Thérapie Cellulaire (UTTC), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Klingebiel T, Handgretinger R, Lang P, Bader P, Niethammer D. Haploidentical transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. Blood Rev 2004; 18:181-92. [PMID: 15183902 DOI: 10.1016/s0268-960x(03)00063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Haploidentical transplantation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a promising option for children lacking a suitable donor. We have updated our series of patients with ALL and report the results. Additionally, we reviewed the literature and try to embed our own experiences in the published results. We performed HLA-mismatched stem cell transplantations with megadoses of purified positively selected mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cells (PBPC) from adult donors in 27 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first (CR1 n = 7), second (CR2 n = 10), or third (CR3 n = 4) complete remission, and in refractory state (NR n = 6). The patients received a mean number of 19.1+/-11.3 x 10(6)/kg purified CD34+ and a mean number of 15.5+/-24.2 x 10(3)/kg CD3+ T-cells. No additional graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was used, except as short-term CSA in the first 3 patients. The myeloablative treatment was based on busulfan in 12 and on TBI in 14 patients. One patient was grafted with a non-myeloablative approach. Engraftment was rapid in 26 patients, with two patients suffering from a rejection. These two and one patient with initial non-engraftment had been successfully regrafted. The probability of survival of the total group is 0.34+/-0.09; the 12 patients transplanted in remission showed a probability of survival of 0.44+/-0.11. None of the patients transplanted in non-remission survived. There was no statistical difference in survival for patients with a 1, 2 or 3 antigen mismatched donor (out of 6 HLA antigens) or for patients in 1st, 2nd or 3rd remission. Causes of death were relapses in 10 patients, veno-occlusive disease (VOD) in 1, multi-organ failure (MOF) in 2 and infections in 4 patients. 3/24 evaluable patients without any additional GVHD-prophylaxis developed grade 1 or 2 GVHD. Ten patients were treated with additional donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), from which 4 developed a maximum grade 3 GVHD. We conclude that the HLA barrier can be overcome by transplantation of megadoses of highly purified CD34+ PBPC and GVHD can effectively be prevented. This approach offers a promising treatment option for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia needing urgently transplantation but lacking a suitable donor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Klingebiel
- Klinik für Kinderheilkunde III, Zentrum für Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin der Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nachbaur D, Eibl B, Kropshofer G, Meister B, Mitterschiffthaler A, Schennach H, Fischer G, Kopp M, Gunsilius E, Gastl G. In vivo T cell depletion with low-dose rabbit antithymocyte globulin results in low transplant-related mortality and low relapse incidence following unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY & STEM CELL RESEARCH 2002; 11:731-7. [PMID: 12201962 DOI: 10.1089/15258160260194884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors is associated with an increased risk of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Addition of pretransplant antithymocyte globulin (ATG), although reducing the risk of graft rejection and GVHD, bears the risk of overimmunosuppression, resulting in an increased relapse rate and transplant-related mortality. Therefore, we evaluated in 21 consecutive patients receiving unrelated stem cell grafts from either HLA-matched (38%) or -mismatched (62%) donors whether low-dose rabbit ATG added to cyclosporin A and methotrexate at a total dose of 3.5 mg/kg for HLA-identical and 5.0 mg/kg for HLA-mismatched transplants given in two divided doses on days -2 and -1 provides sufficient immunosuppression for prevention of GVHD and graft rejection but is associated with an acceptable risk of relapse and transplant-related mortality. Stable leukocyte engraftment was achieved in all patients (100%). Overall survival after a median follow-up of 26 (median, range 14-42) months was 56 +/- 26% (95% confidence interval, CI) and the overall relapse rate at 3 years was 24 +/- 21%. Three-year survival for standard-risk patients, i.e., chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in first chronic phase or acute leukemia in first complete remission, was 87% +/- 13% versus 40% +/- 31% for patients with more advanced disease. The incidence of acute GVHD II-IV degrees was 55 +/- 22%; that of severe acute GVHD III-IV degrees was 21 +/- 19%. Chronic GVHD was observed in 5/17 (29%) patients surviving more than 100 days post stem cell transplantation. Transplant-related mortality was 16 +/- 15% (95% CI) at day + 100 and 25 +/- 19% (95% CI) at 1 year after the transplant. The data presented show that pretransplant in vivo T cell depletion with low-dose rabbit ATG results in a low transplant-related mortality due to a low incidence of severe acute and chronic GVHD and a low relapse rate. To find out the optimal rabbit ATG dose in the unrelated stem cell transplantation setting, further dose-finding studies comparing high- and low-dose regimens are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Nachbaur
- BMT Unit and Tumor- and Immunobiology Laboratory, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Innsbruck University Hospital, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bacigalupo A, Oneto R, Lamparelli T, Gualandi F, Bregante S, Raiola AM, Di Grazia C, Dominietto A, Romagnani C, Bruno B, Van Lint MT, Frassoni F. Pre-emptive therapy of acute graft-versus-host disease: a pilot study with antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 28:1093-6. [PMID: 11803348 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2001] [Accepted: 08/23/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that patients at high risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and transplant-related mortality (TRM) can be identified on day +7 following an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT), based on serum bilirubin and blood urea nitrogen levels. One possible approach to reduce the risk of GVHD and TRM, is pre-emptive treatment with T cell antibodies. We report a pilot study testing the feasibility of this approach in 18 high risk patients, with a median age of 41, 83% of whom had advanced disease, undergoing an alternative donor BMT (family mismatched in five and unrelated in 13). The patients received three doses of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (Thymoglobuline; Sangstat) 1.25 mg/kg on alternate days, starting at a median interval of 11 days (range 7-13) after BMT. Controls were 20 historical unrelated donor transplants (median age 35, 63% with advanced disease), with a high score from our original publication in 1999. The actuarial 1 year TRM of the ATG-treated patients was 40% compared to 60% for untreated controls (P = 0.06). Severe grade III-IV aGVHD developed in 27% of the ATG-treated patients, and in 55% of the controls (P = 0.08). This study indicates that early pre-emptive treatment of aGVHD in day +7 high risk patients is feasible and may lead to a reduction of aGVHD and TRM. This approach is being tested in a prospective randomized trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bacigalupo
- Divisione Ematologia II, Ospedale San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Recent publications in hematological oncology. Hematol Oncol 2001. [PMID: 11574933 DOI: 10.1002/hon.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|