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Yasui K, Matsuyama N, Okamura-Shiki I, Ikeda T, Ishii K, Furuta RA, Hirayama F. Clinical utility of a passive immune basophil activation test for the analysis of allergic transfusion reactions. Transfusion 2017; 57:2084-2095. [PMID: 28656655 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In previous studies, we demonstrated that the basophil activation test, which is performed using patient blood and the supernatants from transfused blood components, was able to elucidate not only the causative relationship between allergic transfusion reactions and the transfusion but also the mechanisms behind allergic transfusion reactions. However, for a large number of allergic transfusion reactions, patients are in a state of myelosuppression, and the basophil activation test cannot be performed for these patients because there are insufficient numbers of peripheral blood basophils. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To overcome this obstacle, we developed a passive immune basophil activation test, in which patient plasma and residually transfused blood are used as the patient's sources of immunoglobulin E and allergen, respectively, whereas healthy volunteer basophils serve as the responder cell source. The passive immune basophil activation test was performed for two patients who had severe allergic transfusion reactions, using supernatants of the residual platelet concentrates and the patients' own immunoglobulin E. RESULTS There were no differences in either surface immunoglobulin E or activation in response to allergens between untreated basophils and so-called quasi-basophils, in which immunoglobulin E was replaced by a third party's immunoglobulin E. In these patients, the supernatants of the residual platelet concentrates exclusively activated basophils in response to quasi-basophils onto which the patients' immunoglobulin E, but not a third party's immunoglobulin E, was bound. CONCLUSION The passive immune basophil activation test may help clarify the causal relationship between allergic transfusion reactions and transfused blood, even when patients experience myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuta Yasui
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ikue Okamura-Shiki
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ishii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rika A Furuta
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Zhurova M, McGann LE, Acker JP. Osmotic parameters of red blood cells from umbilical cord blood. Cryobiology 2014; 68:379-88. [PMID: 24727610 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transfusion of red blood cells from umbilical cord blood (cord RBCs) is gathering significant interest for the treatment of fetal and neonatal anemia, due to its high content of fetal hemoglobin as well as numerous other potential benefits to fetuses and neonates. However, in order to establish a stable supply of cord RBCs for clinical use, a cryopreservation method must be developed. This, in turn, requires knowledge of the osmotic parameters of cord RBCs. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the osmotic parameters of cord RBCs: osmotically inactive fraction (b), hydraulic conductivity (Lp), permeability to cryoprotectant glycerol (Pglycerol), and corresponding Arrhenius activation energies (Ea). For Lp and Pglycerol determination, RBCs were analyzed using a stopped-flow system to monitor osmotically-induced RBC volume changes via intrinsic RBC hemoglobin fluorescence. Lp and Pglycerol were characterized at 4°C, 20°C, and 35°C using Jacobs and Stewart equations with the Ea calculated from the Arrhenius plot. Results indicate that cord RBCs have a larger osmotically inactive fraction compared to adult RBCs. Hydraulic conductivity and osmotic permeability to glycerol of cord RBCs differed compared to those of adult RBCs with the differences dependent on experimental conditions, such as temperature and osmolality. Compared to adult RBCs, cord RBCs had a higher Ea for Lp and a lower Ea for Pglycerol. This information regarding osmotic parameters will be used in future work to develop a protocol for cryopreserving cord RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Zhurova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R8, Canada; Research and Development, Canadian Blood Services, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R8, Canada
| | - Locksley E McGann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R8, Canada
| | - Jason P Acker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R8, Canada; Research and Development, Canadian Blood Services, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R8, Canada.
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3
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Nicoud IB, Clarke DM, Taber G, Stolowski KM, Roberge SE, Song MK, Mathew AJ, Reems JA. Cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood with a novel freezing solution that mimics intracellular ionic composition. Transfusion 2012; 52:2055-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03547.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Liu J, He J, Chen S, Qin F, Wang F, Xu G, Zhu F, Lv H, Yan L. Cord Blood Banking and Transplantation in China: A Ten Years Experience of a Single Public Bank. Transfus Med Hemother 2012; 39:23-27. [PMID: 22896763 PMCID: PMC3388713 DOI: 10.1159/000335720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has successfully used for transplantation to treat hematologic malignancies and genetic diseases. Herein, we describe the experience generated in a single public UCB bank at Zhejiang Province in China. METHODS: Good manufacturing practice and standard operating procedures were used to address donor selection as well as UCB collection, processing, and cryopreservation. Total nucleated cells (TNCs), cellular viability, CD34+ cells, and colony-forming units were determined, and infectious diseases screening test, sterility test, and HLA typing for UCB units were done. RESULTS: Only 18.51% of all collected UCB units met storage criteria, and 7,056 UCB units were cryopreserved in 10 years. The volume of UCB units was 95.0 ± 22.0 ml. The number of TNCs before and after processing was 13.32 ± 3.63 × 10(8) and 10.63 ± 2.80 × 10(8), respectively, and the recovery rate was 80.71 ± 11.26%. 0.4344 ± 0.1874% of the TNCs were CD34+ cells. The CFU-GM was 32.1 ± 28.0 colonies per 1 × 10(5) nucleated cells. Based mainly on HLA and nucleated cell content, 26 UCB units were released for transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: A public UCB bank was successfully established in China; collection and processing of UCB units should be optimized in order to gain maximum volume and cell count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Liu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji He
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Chen
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Qin
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Faming Zhu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangjun Lv
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixing Yan
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhurova M, Akabutu J, Acker J. Quality of red blood cells isolated from umbilical cord blood stored at room temperature. JOURNAL OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION 2011; 2012:102809. [PMID: 24089645 PMCID: PMC3777252 DOI: 10.1155/2012/102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) from cord blood contain fetal hemoglobin that is predominant in newborns and, therefore, may be more appropriate for neonatal transfusions than currently transfused adult RBCs. Post-collection, cord blood can be stored at room temperature for several days before it is processed for stem cells isolation, with little known about how these conditions affect currently discarded RBCs. The present study examined the effect of the duration cord blood spent at room temperature and other cord blood characteristics on cord RBC quality. RBCs were tested immediately after their isolation from cord blood using a broad panel of quality assays. No significant decrease in cord RBC quality was observed during the first 65 hours of storage at room temperature. The ratio of cord blood to anticoagulant was associated with RBC quality and needs to be optimized in future. This knowledge will assist in future development of cord RBC transfusion product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Zhurova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2R8
| | - John Akabutu
- Alberta Cord Blood Bank, Suite 408 College Plaza, 8215-112 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2C8
| | - Jason Acker
- Research and Development, Canadian Blood Services, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2R8
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Hayakawa J, Joyal EG, Gildner JF, Washington KN, Phang OA, Uchida N, Hsieh MM, Tisdale JF. 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and pentastarch improves cryopreservation of cord blood cells over 10% DMSO. Transfusion 2010; 50:2158-66. [PMID: 20492608 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell number and viability are important in cord blood (CB) transplantation. While 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is the standard medium, adding a starch to freezing medium is increasingly utilized as a cytoprotectant for the thawing process. Similar to hetastarch, pentastarch has the advantages of faster renal clearance and less effect on the coagulation system. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We compared a lower DMSO concentration (5%) containing pentastarch with 10% DMSO and performed cell viability assay, colony-forming units (CFUs), and transplantation of CB cells in NOD/SCID IL2Rγ(null) mice. RESULTS CB cells in 5% DMSO/pentastarch had similar CD34+, CD3+, and CD19+ cell percentages after thawing as fresh CB cells. CB cells in 5% DMSO/pentastarch had higher viability (83.3±9.23%) than those frozen in 10% DMSO (75.3±11.0%, p<0.05). We monitored cell viability postthaw every 30 minutes. The mean loss in the first 30 minutes was less in the 5% DMSO/pentastarch group. At the end of 3 hours, the viability decreased by a mean of 7.75% for the 5% DMSO/pentastarch and 17.5% for the 10% DMSO groups. CFUs were similar between the two cryopreserved groups. Frozen CB cells engrafted equally well in IL2Rγ(null) mice compared to fresh CB cells up to 24 weeks, and CB cells frozen in 5% DMSO/pentastarch engrafted better than those in 10% DMSO. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the lower DMSO concentration with pentastarch represents an improvement in the CB cryopreservation process and could have wider clinical application as an alternate freezing medium over 10% DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hayakawa
- Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch (MCHB), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disorders (NIDDK), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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7
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Yang H, Loutfy MR, Mayerhofer S, Shuen P. Factors affecting banking quality of umbilical cord blood for transplantation. Transfusion 2010; 51:284-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02826.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Koliakos G, Alamdari D, Tsagias N, Kouzi-Koliakos K, Michaloudi E, Karagiannis V. A novel high-yield volume-reduction method for the cryopreservation of UC blood units. Cytotherapy 2007; 9:654-9. [DOI: 10.1080/14653240701508445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fleming KK, Hubel A. Cryopreservation of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cells. Transfus Apher Sci 2006; 34:309-15. [PMID: 16829201 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2005.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies illustrate the potential for improving the cryopreservation of stem cells. Reduced DMSO concentrations in the cryopreservation medium, post thaw washing of cells and increased cell concentration have been actively studied. Standardization of cell processing has led to the study of liquid storage prior to cryopreservation, validation of mechanical (uncontrolled rate freezing) freezing, and cryopreservation bag failure. Finally, the need for the systematic study and optimization of preservation processes has not been fulfilled. As the sources and applications of stem cells (hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic) continue to be developed, the need for effective preservation methods will only grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Fleming
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1100 Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Armitage
- London Cord Blood Bank, National Blood Service, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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11
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Adami V, Malangone W, Falasca E, Marini L, Risso A, Crini S, Toniutti E, Passoni Ferraro E, Del Frate G, Pittino M, Biffoni F, Rinaldi C, Degrassi A. A closed system for the clinical banking of umbilical cord blood. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2005; 35:389-97. [PMID: 16112591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2005.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Revised: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 07/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a source of hematopoietic progenitor cells and is used as an alternative to the bone marrow or peripheral blood for treatment of several onco-hematological diseases. Because of the limited number of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells present in UCB units and of the elevated costs of cryopreservation, it is of paramount importance to select the UCB units that are clinically useful before storage and optimize banking efficiency by designing reliable procedures to process and freeze the selected units. Among the different parameters characterizing UCB, nucleated cell (NC) and CD34+ cell content provides useful criteria to select UCB units since clinical data documented that the infused cell load (both NC and CD34+ cells) plays an important role in the successful outcome of transplants. By evaluating volume, CD34+ cell content, NC total amount, and NC density of 117 UCB units, we found a significant association between CD34+ cell content and NC density and total amount, indicating these parameters as useful to decide UCB clinical utility. Furthermore, we set up a fast procedure to process UCB units for storage. A system for NC separation and volume reduction of UCB samples in a dedicated, germ-free, closed circuit was developed, where plasma and red blood cells (RBC) depletion was obtained by sedimentation in the presence of a 3.5% Polygeline solution. By this separation system, both RBC depletion and high NC and CD34+ cell recoveries were achieved in 60 min, and the yield was comparable to the one obtained by other separation methods. Since Polygeline has been clinically used as a plasma expander and no toxic effects on patients were reported, the protocol can be applied in the large-scale banking of UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Adami
- Consorzio Fenice, University of Udine, Italy
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12
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Cassens U, Sibrowski W. Stammzellen aus Nabelschnurblut. TRANSFUSIONSMEDIZIN 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-10597-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zingsem J, Strasser E, Weisbach V, Zimmermann R, Ringwald J, Goecke T, Beckmann MW, Eckstein R. Cord blood processing with an automated and functionally closed system. Transfusion 2003; 43:806-13. [PMID: 12757533 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood processing with standard centrifugation techniques is performed in open systems and results in varying cell and volume recoveries. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Forty umbilical cord blood donations were randomly assigned to processing either with a microprocessor-controlled cell separator equipped with closed disposables or with a manual separation procedure in blood bags. The collection efficiency of nucleated cells, MNCs, RBCs, and CD34+ cells and the processing time were analyzed. RESULTS Using the cell processor, mean collection efficiencies were 78.6 +/- 24.9 percent for nucleated cells, 77.4 +/- 27.8 percent for MNCs, 55.5 +/- 14.6 percent for RBCs, and 83.6 +/- 32.5 percent for CD34+ cells, while they were 73.1 +/- 13.2 percent for nucleated cells, 78.1 +/- 14.9 percent for MNCs, 26.0 +/- 12.2 percent for RBCs, and 77.0 +/- 17.6 percent for CD34+ cells when using the standard centrifugation technique. The processing time was about 20 minutes for automated processing and 60 to 80 minutes for the standard centrifugation technique. CONCLUSION Using the new cell processor, the collection efficiencies for nucleated cells, MNCs, and CD34+ cells are similar to those obtained by established centrifugation techniques while the RBC reduction is less effective. The main advantages of the new systems are the closed system, the more standardized processing procedure, and a significantly shorter processing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Zingsem
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Processing and banking of umbilical cord blood requires the development of methods for short-term liquid storage. This study examines the conditions (temperature, time, and storage solution) for optimal storage of cord blood. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Cord blood obtained from normal donors was collected and divided into aliquots. Some of the aliquots were supplemented with a storage solution and undiluted cord blood was used as a control. MNC counts, percentage of cells that are CD34+45+, frequency of CFU-GM, and solution pH were monitored for up to 72 hours in storage at 4 degrees C and room temperature. RESULTS MNC counts, CD34+45+ cell recovery, and frequency of CFU-GM were all improved in samples diluted with a storage medium when compared to undiluted controls. MNC counts were higher when cells were stored at 4 degrees C. MNC counts and the frequency of CFU-GM were reduced at 72 hours when compared with 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the recovery of cells from cord blood can be improved if samples are stored using a storage solution for 24 hours without significant cell losses. Some of the solutions determined to be effective in maintaining viability are approved for human applications, although not specifically cord blood preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Hubel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1100 Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church Steet SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Yang H, Acker JP, Hannon J, Miszta-Lane H, Akabutu JJ, McGann LE. Damage and protection of UC blood cells during cryopreservation. Cytotherapy 2003; 3:377-86. [PMID: 11953017 DOI: 10.1080/146532401753277193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current procedures for the cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood (UCB) progenitor cells, which are based on techniques used for BM, have had varying degrees of success (survival 9-118%). Improving the effectiveness of UCB cell therapies demands a more comprehensive understanding of freezing injury during cryopreservation. METHODS Leukocyte concentrates from UCB, with or without 10% DMSO were cooled at 1 degrees C/min to different subzero temperatures (-5 to -50 degrees C), then either thawed directly (thaw) or plunged into liquid nitrogen before thawing (plunge). Single-platform flow cytometry with 7-amino-actinomycin D was used to directly quantify survival of CD34(+) cells. Fluorescent microscopy was used to examine plasma membrane integrity of nucleated cells. RESULTS Without DMSO, recovery of nucleated cells was approximately 80% for both thaw and plunge. Survival was 9%, indicating damage to the plasma membrane. With 10% DMSO, nucleated cell recovery was also approximately 80%, indicating that DMSO does not improve recovery of nucleated cells. Survival, however, was much higher with DMSO, > 60% for nucleated cells thawed directly, and 30-55% for cells thawed from plunge, demonstrating cryoprotection conferred by DMSO. With DMSO, survival of CD34(+) cells was higher than that of nucleated cells, indicating that CD34(+) cells with 10% DMSO are more tolerant to cryopreservation than the total nucleated cell population. DISCUSSION This study provides the necessary data on the low temperature response of UCB progenitor cells that are critical for the development of standards for the cryopreservation of UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Alberta Cord Blood Bank, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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