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Jeon Y, Kim TY, Min GJ, Park SS, Park S, Yoon JH, Lee SE, Cho BS, Eom KS, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Lee S, Min CK, Lee JW, Cho SG. Efficacy of ex vivo purging with CD34+ selection to maximize the effects of autologous stem cell transplantation in peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:1307-1316. [PMID: 37542512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are rare and aggressive tumors with uncertain optimal treatment. This study investigated the clinical outcomes of high-dose chemotherapy (HDT) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after CD34+ selective purging in PTCL patients. METHODS Retrospective analysis included 67 PTCL patients who achieved remission and underwent HDT/ASCT. CD34+ selective purging was performed using CliniMACS® (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). Survival outcomes, engraftment, lymphocyte subsets and viral infections were evaluated. RESULTS CD34+ selective purged autografts were associated with significantly improved overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared with unpurged autografts (5-year OS, 73.3% versus 37.8%, 5-year DFS, 73.8% versus 33.4%). The cumulative incidence of relapse was also lower in the purged group (31.5% versus 73.3%). Subgroup analysis revealed significant survival benefits in the high-risk group receiving purged autografts. Lymphocyte subset analysis showed increased natural killer (NK) cell counts in the purged group after ASCT. Higher post-ASCT lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) was associated with improved OS and DFS. CONCLUSIONS CD34+ selective purging in PTCL patients undergoing HDT/ASCT improved survival outcomes and reduced relapse risk. The procedure increased NK cell counts and post-ASCT LMR. CD34+ selective purging may minimize autograft tumor cell contamination and enhance efficacy in T-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngwoo Jeon
- Lymphoma and Cell Therapy-Research Center, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic University Lymphoma Group, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Yoon Kim
- Lymphoma and Cell Therapy-Research Center, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic University Lymphoma Group, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi June Min
- Catholic University Lymphoma Group, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Park
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Silvia Park
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Yoon
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Sik Cho
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Seong Eom
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Kim
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Je Kim
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Lee
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Lee
- Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Goo Cho
- Lymphoma and Cell Therapy-Research Center, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic University Lymphoma Group, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Moghassemi S, Dadashzadeh A, de Azevedo RB, Amorim CA. Secure transplantation by tissue purging using photodynamic therapy to eradicate malignant cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 234:112546. [PMID: 36029759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating various malignant neoplasms has been given researchers' attention due to its ability to be a selective and minimally invasive cancer therapy strategy. The possibility of tumor cell infection and hence high recurrence rates in cancer patients tends to restrict autologous transplantation. So, the photodynamic tissue purging process, which consists of selective photoinactivation of the malignant cells in the graft, is defined as a compromising strategy to purify contaminated tissues before transplantation. In this strategy, the direct malignant cells' death results from the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through the activation of a photosensitizer (PS) by light exposure in the presence of oxygen. Since new PS generations can effectively penetrate the tissue, PDT could be an ideal ex vivo tissue purging protocol that eradicates cancer cells derived from various malignancies. The challenge is that the applied pharmacologic ex vivo tissue purging should efficiently induce tumor cells with minor influence on normal tissue cells. This review aims to provide an overview of the current status of the most effective PDT strategies and PS development concerning their potential application in ex vivo purging before hematopoietic stem cell or ovarian tissue transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Moghassemi
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arezoo Dadashzadeh
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Bentes de Azevedo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
| | - Christiani A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Yang C, Hua N, Xie S, Wu Y, Zhu L, Wang S, Tong X. Oncolytic viruses as a promising therapeutic strategy for hematological malignancies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111573. [PMID: 33894623 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma has increased over time. Although bone marrow transplantation, immunotherapy and chemotherapy have led to significant improvements in efficacy, poor prognosis in elderly patients, recurrence and high mortality among hematological malignancies remain major challenges, and innovative therapeutic strategies should be explored. Besides directly lyse tumor cells, oncolytic viruses can activate immune responses or be engineered to express therapeutic factors to increase antitumor efficacy, and have gradually been recognized as an appealing approach for fighting cancers. An increasing number of studies have applied oncolytic viruses in hematological malignancies and made progress. In particular, strategies combining immunotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy are emerging. Various phase I clinical trials of oncolytic reovirus with lenalidomide or programmed death 1(PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple myeloma are ongoing. Moreover, preclinical studies of combinations with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are underway. Thus, oncolytic virotherapy is expected to be a promising approach to cure hematological malignancies. This review summarizes progress in oncolytic virus research in hematological malignancies. After briefly reviewing the development and oncolytic mechanism of oncolytic viruses, we focus on delivery methods of oncolytic viruses, especially systemic delivery that is suitable for hematological tumors. We then discuss the main types of oncolytic viruses applied for hematological malignancies and related clinical trials. In addition, we present several ways to improve the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic viruses. Finally, we discuss current challenges and provide suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Molecular diagnosis laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Nanni Hua
- Molecular diagnosis laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Shufang Xie
- Molecular diagnosis laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Yi Wu
- Phase I clinical research center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital,Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Lifeng Zhu
- Molecular diagnosis laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Molecular diagnosis laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital ,Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Molecular diagnosis laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital ,Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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4
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Oncolytic immunotherapy and bortezomib synergy improves survival of refractory multiple myeloma in a preclinical model. Blood Adv 2020; 3:797-812. [PMID: 30850386 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018025593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncolytic reovirus (RV) has demonstrated clinical efficacy and minimal toxicity in a variety of cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). MM is a malignancy of plasma cells that is considered treatable but incurable because of the 90% relapse rate that is primarily from drug resistance. The systemic nature of MM and the antitumor immunosuppression by its tumor microenvironment presents an ongoing therapeutic challenge. In the present study, we demonstrate that RV synergizes with the standard-of-care MM drug bortezomib (BTZ) and, importantly, enhances its therapeutic potential in therapy-resistant human MM cell lines in vitro. Using the syngeneic Vk*MYC BTZ-resistant immunocompetent transplantable MM murine model, we also demonstrate that mice harboring BTZ-insensitive MM tumors respond to the RV/BTZ combination treatment in terms of decreased tumor burden and improved overall survival (P < .00001). We demonstrate that BTZ augments RV replication in tumor-associated endothelial cells and myeloma cells, leading to enhanced viral delivery and thereby stimulating cytokine release, immune activity, apoptosis, and reduction of the MM-associated immune suppression. We conclude that combined RV/BTZ is an attractive therapeutic strategy with no safety signals for the treatment of MM.
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Abstract
New therapies for metastatic breast cancer patients are urgently needed. The long-term survival rates remain unacceptably low for patients with recurrent disease or disseminated metastases. In addition, existing therapies often cause a variety of debilitating side effects that severely impact quality of life. Oncolytic viruses constitute a developing therapeutic modality in which interest continues to build due to their ability to spare normal tissue while selectively destroying tumor cells. A number of different viruses have been used to develop oncolytic agents for breast cancer, including herpes simplex virus, adenovirus, vaccinia virus, measles virus, reovirus, and others. In general, clinical trials for several cancers have demonstrated excellent safety records and evidence of efficacy. However, the impressive tumor responses often observed in preclinical studies have yet to be realized in the clinic. In order for the promise of oncolytic virotherapy to be fully realized for breast cancer patients, effectiveness must be demonstrated in metastatic disease. This review provides a summary of oncolytic virotherapy strategies being developed to target metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas R Hurst
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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6
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Berger MD, Branger G, Leibundgut K, Baerlocher GM, Seipel K, Mueller BU, Gregor M, Ruefer A, Pabst T. CD34+ selected versus unselected autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with advanced-stage mantle cell and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Res 2015; 39:561-7. [PMID: 25890431 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel strategies aiming to increase survival rates in patients with advanced-stage mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and relapsing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are a clinical need. High-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has improved progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in MCL and relapsed DLBCL. However, the role of CD34+ cell selection before ASCT in MCL and DLBCL is unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of 62 consecutive patients with advanced-stage MCL or relapsed DLBCL undergoing ASCT with (n=31) or without (n=31) prior CD34+ selection. All patients had stage III or IV disease, with 47% having DLBCL and 53% MCL. The median duration for neutrophil and platelet recovery was 12 and 16 days in CD34+ selected patients, and 11 (P<.001) and 14 days (P=.012) in the group without selection, respectively. No differences in toxicities were observed. The 5-year PFS for CD34+ selected versus not selected patients was 67% and 39% (P=.016), and the 5-year OS was 86% and 54% (P=.007). Our data suggest that using CD34+ selected autografts for ASCT in advanced stage MCL and DLBCL is associated with longer PFS and OS without increased toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Berger
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Branger
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Leibundgut
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Baerlocher
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Katja Seipel
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice U Mueller
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Gregor
- Department of Hematology, Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Axel Ruefer
- Department of Hematology, Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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7
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Yahng SA, Yoon JH, Shin SH, Lee SE, Cho BS, Eom KS, Kim YJ, Lee S, Kim HJ, Min CK, Kim DW, Lee JW, Min WS, Park CW, Kim Y, Cho SG. Influence ofex vivopurging with CliniMACS CD34+selection on outcome after autologous stem cell transplantation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2013; 164:555-64. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ah Yahng
- Department of Haematology; Incheon St. Mary's Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Yoon
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Shin
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Byung-Sik Cho
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Ki-Seong Eom
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Kim
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Seok Lee
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Hee-Je Kim
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Lee
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Min
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Chong-Won Park
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Yonggoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Seok-Goo Cho
- Department of Haematology; Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Centre; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
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8
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Thirukkumaran CM, Shi ZQ, Luider J, Kopciuk K, Bahlis N, Neri P, Pho M, Stewart D, Mansoor A, Morris DG. Reovirus as a successful ex vivo purging modality for multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2013; 49:80-6. [PMID: 23974608 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2013.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autologous stem cell rescue (ASCT) following high-dose myeloablative chemotherapy is considered to be a therapeutic option for many multiple myeloma (MM) patients; however relapse post ASCT presents a major challenge. The oncolytic potential of reovirus has been previously demonstrated and is currently undergoing phase I monotherapy clinical trials for MM and phase II/III clinical trials for solid tumors. Here we tested the hypothesis that reovirus can successfully purge MM in a murine model that partially recapitulates human MM. RPMI 8226, MM1S, H929 and U266 human myeloma cell lines were exposed to reovirus and oncolysis was assessed. Apheresis product admixed with MM cells was purged with live reovirus (LV) or dead virus (DV) and purging efficacy was monitored via flow cytometry, reverse transcribed-PCR (RT-PCR) and disease relapse in non obese diabetic/severe combined immune deficient (NOD/SCID) mice. Significant LV purging was seen with MM1S, H929 and U266 and the complete ex vivo purging achieved with RPMI 8226 was confirmed by flow cytometry, RT-PCR and absence of disease relapse in vivo. Mice that received LV-purged autografts exhibited 100% survival in comparison to mice that received DV-purged controls. Reovirus's unique ability to kill MM while sparing hematopoietic stem cells places it as an attractive purging agent for MM during ASCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Thirukkumaran
- 1] Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Z Q Shi
- Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Luider
- Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Kopciuk
- 1] Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - N Bahlis
- 1] Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P Neri
- 1] Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Pho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Stewart
- 1] Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Mansoor
- Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - D G Morris
- 1] Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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9
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Bartee E, Chan WM, Moreb JS, Cogle CR, McFadden G. Selective purging of human multiple myeloma cells from autologous stem cell transplantation grafts using oncolytic myxoma virus. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2012; 18:1540-51. [PMID: 22516053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Autologous stem cell transplantation and novel therapies have improved overall survival of patients with multiple myeloma; however, most patients relapse and eventually succumb to their disease. Evidence indicates that residual cancer cells contaminate autologous grafts and may contribute to early relapses after autologous stem cell transplantation. Here, we demonstrate that ex vivo treatment with an oncolytic poxvirus called myxoma virus results in specific elimination of human myeloma cells by inducing rapid cellular apoptosis while fully sparing normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The specificity of this elimination is based on strong binding of the virus to myeloma cells coupled with an inability of the virus to bind or infect CD34(+) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These 2 features allow myxoma to readily identify and distinguish even low levels of myeloma cells in complex mixtures. This ex vivo rabbit-specific oncolytic poxvirus called myxoma virus treatment also effectively inhibits systemic in vivo engraftment of human myeloma cells into immunodeficient mice and results in efficient elimination of primary CD138(+) myeloma cells contaminating patient hematopoietic cell products. We conclude that ex vivo myxoma treatment represents a safe and effective method to selectively eliminate myeloma cells from hematopoietic autografts before reinfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Bartee
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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10
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Acute myeloid leukemia targeting by myxoma virus in vivo depends on cell binding but not permissiveness to infection in vitro. Leuk Res 2012; 36:619-24. [PMID: 22341701 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Some oncolytic viruses, such as myxoma virus (MYXV), can selectively target malignant hematopoietic cells, while sparing normal hematopoietic cells. This capacity for discrimination creates an opportunity to use oncolytic viruses as ex vivo purging agents of autologous hematopoietic cell grafts in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, the mechanisms by which oncolytic viruses select malignant hematopoietic cells are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how MYXV specifically targets human AML cells. MYXV prevented chloroma formation and bone marrow engraftment of two human AML cell lines, KG-1 and THP-1. The reduction in human leukemia engraftment after ex vivo MYXV treatment was dose-dependent and required a minimum MOI of 3. Both AML cell lines demonstrated MYXV binding to leukemia cell membranes following co-incubation: however, evidence of productive MYXV infection was observed only in THP-1 cells. This observation, that KG-1 can be targeted in vivo even in the absence of in vitro permissive viral infection, contrasts with the current understanding of oncolytic virotherapy, which assumes that virus infection and productive replication is a requirement. Preventing MYXV binding to AML cells with heparin abrogated the purging capacity of MYXV, indicating that binding of infectious virus particles is a necessary step for effective viral oncolysis. Our results challenge the current dogma of oncolytic virotherapy and show that in vitro permissiveness to an oncolytic virus is not necessarily an accurate predictor of oncolytic potency in vivo.
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11
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Raus S, Coin S, Monsurrò V. Adenovirus as a new agent for multiple myeloma therapies: Opportunities and restrictions. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY 2011; 46:229-38. [PMID: 22259628 PMCID: PMC3259514 DOI: 10.5045/kjh.2011.46.4.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of B-cells that is characterized by the clonal expansion and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. This disease remains incurable, and a median survival of 3-5 years has been reported with the use of current treatments. Viral-based therapies offer promising alternatives or possible integration with current therapeutic regimens. Among several gene therapy vectors and oncolytic agents, adenovirus has emerged as a promising agent, and it is already being used for the treatment of solid tumors in humans. The main concern with the clinical use of this vector has been its high immunogenicity; adenovirus is often able to induce a strong immune response in the host. Furthermore, new limitations in the efficacy of this therapy, intrinsic to the nature of tumor cells, have been recently observed. For example, our group showed a strong antiviral phenotype in vitro and in vivo in a subset of tumors, shedding new insights that may explain the partial failure of clinical trials based on this promising new therapy. In this review, we describe novel therapeutic approaches that implement viral-based treatments in hematological malignancies and address the novelty as well as the possible limitations of these new therapies, especially in the context of the use of adenoviral vectors for treating multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svjetlana Raus
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Italy
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12
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Harris DM, Hazan-Haley I, Coombes K, Bueso-Ramos C, Liu J, Liu Z, Li P, Ravoori M, Abruzzo L, Han L, Singh S, Sun M, Kundra V, Kurzrock R, Estrov Z. Transformation of human mesenchymal cells and skin fibroblasts into hematopoietic cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21250. [PMID: 21731684 PMCID: PMC3120836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with prolonged myelosuppression require frequent platelet and occasional granulocyte transfusions. Multi-donor transfusions induce alloimmunization, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an autologous or HLA-matched allogeneic source of platelets and granulocytes is needed. To determine whether nonhematopoietic cells can be reprogrammed into hematopoietic cells, human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and skin fibroblasts were incubated with the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (Aza) and the growth factors (GF) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and stem cell factor. This treatment transformed MSCs to round, non-adherent cells expressing T-, B-, myeloid-, or stem/progenitor-cell markers. The transformed cells engrafted as hematopoietic cells in bone marrow of immunodeficient mice. DNA methylation and mRNA array analysis suggested that Aza and GF treatment demethylated and activated HOXB genes. Indeed, transfection of MSCs or skin fibroblasts with HOXB4, HOXB5, and HOXB2 genes transformed them into hematopoietic cells. Further studies are needed to determine whether transformed MSCs or skin fibroblasts are suitable for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Harris
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Inbal Hazan-Haley
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kevin Coombes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carlos Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Murali Ravoori
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lynne Abruzzo
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sheela Singh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael Sun
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vikas Kundra
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zeev Estrov
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Oncolytic virotherapy for multiple myeloma: past, present, and future. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2011; 2011:632948. [PMID: 22046569 PMCID: PMC3199974 DOI: 10.1155/2011/632948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy that is currently felt to be incurable. Despite recently approved novel targeted treatments such as lenalidomide and bortezomib, most MM patients' relapse is emphasizing the need for effective and well-tolerated therapies for this deadly disease. The use of oncolytic viruses has garnered significant interest as cancer therapeutics in recent years, and are currently under intense clinical investigation. Both naturally occurring and engineered DNA and RNA viruses have been investigated preclinically as treatment modalities for several solid and hematological malignancies. Presently, only a genetically modified measles virus is in human clinical trials for MM. The information obtained from this and other future clinical trials will guide clinical application of oncolytic viruses as anticancer agents for MM. This paper provides a timely overview of the history of oncolytic viruses for the treatment of MM and future strategies for the optimization of viral therapy for this disease.
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14
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Jiang J, Cole D, Westwood N, Macpherson L, Farzaneh F, Mufti G, Tavassoli M, Gäken J. Crucial Roles for Protein Kinase C Isoforms in Tumor-Specific Killing by Apoptin. Cancer Res 2010; 70:7242-52. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Krause DS, Spitzer TR, Stowell CP. The concentration of CD44 is increased in hematopoietic stem cell grafts of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, plasma cell myeloma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2010; 134:1033-8. [PMID: 20586634 DOI: 10.5858/2009-0347-oa.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHSCT), malignant cells remaining in the graft may re-engraft leading to relapse of the original disease. CD44 is known to play a role in the engraftment of leukemia-initiating cells and is shed from the surface of malignant cells. Soluble CD44 is a cleaved fragment, which is found in the serum of patients with metastasized epithelial and hematologic malignancies and in some other cancers, and has been demonstrated to be correlated with clinical outcome. OBJECTIVES To investigate (1) a possible correlation between the concentration of CD44 in an autoHSCT graft and the type of hematologic malignancy and (2) a possible correlation between the concentration of CD44 in the autoHSCT graft with clinical outcome after autoHSCT. DESIGN We measured CD44 in 157 hematopoietic stem cell grafts from patients with hematologic malignancies and from 43 healthy donors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Levels of CD44 were almost 2-fold higher in the patients' grafts. Highest levels were found in the grafts of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and plasma cell myeloma, congruent with known CD44 expression levels in these malignancies. The survival advantage among patients with CD44 levels less than 22 000 ng/mL was highly statistically significant. CONCLUSION These results show that CD44 levels in an autoHSCT graft may be linked to clinical outcome after autoHSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela S Krause
- Department of Pathology, Blood Transfusion Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
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16
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Rahman MM, Madlambayan GJ, Cogle CR, McFadden G. Oncolytic viral purging of leukemic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with Myxoma virus. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2010; 21:169-75. [PMID: 20211576 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
High-dose chemotherapy and radiation followed by autologous blood and marrow transplantation (ABMT) has been used for the treatment of certain cancers that are refractory to standard therapeutic regimes. However, a major challenge with ABMT for patients with hematologic malignancies is disease relapse, mainly due to either contamination with cancerous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) within the autograft or the persistence of residual therapy-resistant disease niches within the patient. Oncolytic viruses represent a promising therapeutic approach to prevent cancer relapse by eliminating tumor-initiating cells that contaminate the autograft. Here we summarize an ex vivo "purging" strategy with oncolytic Myxoma virus (MYXV) to remove cancer-initiating cells from patient autografts prior to transplantation. MYXV, a novel oncolytic poxvirus with potent anti-cancer properties in a variety of in vivo tumor models, can specifically eliminate cancerous stem and progenitor cells from samples obtained from acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients, while sparing normal CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells capable of rescuing hematopoiesis following high dose conditioning. We propose that a broader subset of patients with intractable hematologic malignancies who have failed standard therapy could become eligible for ABMT when the treatment schema is coupled with ex vivo oncolytic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masmudur M Rahman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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17
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Susceptibility of mantle cell lymphomas to reovirus oncolysis. Leuk Res 2009; 34:100-8. [PMID: 19651440 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Revised: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) an incurable B-cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) urgently requires new treatments. We assessed reovirus mediated oncolysis in a panel of human MCL cell lines. In vitro, we found the cytopathic effect of reovirus infection ranged from high to very limited and correlated with levels of Ras activation. In vivo, a single reovirus injection intra-tumorally resulted in complete regression of both the injected and the contra-lateral tumor in a subcutaneous bi-tumor model, in one out of three cell lines tested. Reovirus treatment of MCL seems feasible but will need to be guided by the presence of molecular determinants of reovirus susceptibility.
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18
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Kopp HG, Yildirim S, Weisel KC, Kanz L, Vogel W. Contamination of autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell grafts predicts overall survival after high-dose chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 135:637-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-008-0499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Qiao J, Kottke T, Willmon C, Galivo F, Wongthida P, Diaz RM, Thompson J, Ryno P, Barber GN, Chester J, Selby P, Harrington K, Melcher A, Vile RG. Purging metastases in lymphoid organs using a combination of antigen-nonspecific adoptive T cell therapy, oncolytic virotherapy and immunotherapy. Nat Med 2007; 14:37-44. [PMID: 18066076 DOI: 10.1038/nm1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 10/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In many common cancers, dissemination of secondary tumors via the lymph nodes poses the most significant threat to the affected individual. Metastatic cells often reach the lymph nodes by mimicking the molecular mechanisms used by hematopoietic cells to traffic to peripheral lymphoid organs. Therefore, we exploited naive T cell trafficking in order to chaperone an oncolytic virus to lymphoid organs harboring metastatic cells. Metastatic burden was initially reduced by viral oncolysis and was then eradicated, as tumor cell killing in the lymph node and spleen generated protective antitumor immunity. Lymph node purging of tumor cells was possible even in virus-immune mice. Adoptive transfer of normal T cells loaded with oncolytic virus into individuals with cancer would be technically easy to implement both to reduce the distribution of metastases and to vaccinate the affected individual in situ against micrometastatic disease. As such, this adoptive transfer could have a great therapeutic impact, in the adjuvant setting, on many different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qiao
- Molecular Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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