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Durré T, Morfoisse F, Erpicum C, Ebroin M, Blacher S, García-Caballero M, Deroanne C, Louis T, Balsat C, Van de Velde M, Kaijalainen S, Kridelka F, Engelholm L, Struman I, Alitalo K, Behrendt N, Paupert J, Noel A. uPARAP/Endo180 receptor is a gatekeeper of VEGFR-2/VEGFR-3 heterodimerisation during pathological lymphangiogenesis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5178. [PMID: 30518756 PMCID: PMC6281649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new lymphatic vessels occurs in many cancerous and inflammatory diseases through the binding of VEGF-C to its receptors, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. The regulation of VEGFR-2/VEGFR-3 heterodimerisation and its downstream signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the endocytic receptor, uPARAP, as a partner of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 that regulates their heterodimerisation. Genetic ablation of uPARAP leads to hyperbranched lymphatic vasculatures in pathological conditions without affecting concomitant angiogenesis. In vitro, uPARAP controls LEC migration in response to VEGF-C but not VEGF-A or VEGF-CCys156Ser. uPARAP restricts VEGFR-2/VEGFR-3 heterodimerisation and subsequent VEGFR-2-mediated phosphorylation and inactivation of Crk-II adaptor. uPARAP promotes VEGFR-3 signaling through the Crk-II/JNK/paxillin/Rac1 pathway. Pharmacological Rac1 inhibition in uPARAP knockout mice restores the wild-type phenotype. In summary, our study identifies a molecular regulator of lymphangiogenesis, and uncovers novel molecular features of VEGFR-2/VEGFR-3 crosstalk and downstream signaling during VEGF-C-driven LEC sprouting in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Durré
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Florent Morfoisse
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Erpicum
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie Ebroin
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Melissa García-Caballero
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Christophe Deroanne
- Laboratory of Connective Tissues Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Thomas Louis
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Cédric Balsat
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Maureen Van de Velde
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Seppo Kaijalainen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frédéric Kridelka
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Lars Engelholm
- The Finsen Laboratory/BRIC, Rigshospitalet/University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 124, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Struman
- Laboratory of Molecular Angiogenesis, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niels Behrendt
- The Finsen Laboratory/BRIC, Rigshospitalet/University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 124, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jenny Paupert
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA (GIGA-Cancer), Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
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Wong SL, To J, Santos J, Allam VSRR, Dalton JP, Djordjevic SP, Donnelly S, Padula MP, Sukkar MB. Proteomic Analysis of Extracellular HMGB1 Identifies Binding Partners and Exposes Its Potential Role in Airway Epithelial Cell Homeostasis. J Proteome Res 2017; 17:33-45. [PMID: 28976774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by airway epithelial cells is believed to play a crucial role in the initiation and development of chronic airway conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Intriguingly, the classic DAMP high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is detected in the culture supernatant of airway epithelial cells under basal conditions, indicating a role for HMGB1 in the regulation of epithelial cellular and immune homeostasis. To gain contextual insight into the potential role of HMGB1 in airway epithelial cell homeostasis, we used the orthogonal and complementary methods of high-resolution clear native electrophoresis, immunoprecipitation, and pull-downs coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to profile HMGB1 and its binding partners in the culture supernatant of unstimulated airway epithelial cells. We found that HMGB1 presents exclusively as a protein complex under basal conditions. Moreover, protein network analysis performed on 185 binding proteins revealed 14 that directly associate with HMGB1: amyloid precursor protein, F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1 (CAPZA1), glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), ubiquitin, several members of the heat shock protein family (HSPA8, HSP90B1, HSP90AA1), XRCC5 and XRCC6, high mobility group A1 (HMGA1), histone 3 (H3F3B), the FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) complex constituents SUPT1H and SSRP1, and heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (HNRNPK). These studies provide a new understanding of the extracellular functions of HMGB1 in cellular and immune homeostasis at the airway mucosal surface and could have implications for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Wong
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Joyce To
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Jerran Santos
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - John P Dalton
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University , Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland
| | - Steven P Djordjevic
- The ithree institute, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia.,The ithree institute, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Maria B Sukkar
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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Kotula E, Berthault N, Agrario C, Lienafa MC, Simon A, Dingli F, Loew D, Sibut V, Saule S, Dutreix M. DNA-PKcs plays role in cancer metastasis through regulation of secreted proteins involved in migration and invasion. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1961-72. [PMID: 26017556 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1026522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) plays a major role in DNA damage signaling and repair and is also frequently overexpressed in tumor metastasis. We used isogenic cell lines expressing different levels of DNA-PKcs to investigate the role of DNA-PKcs in metastatic development. We found that DNA-PKcs participates in melanoma primary tumor and metastasis development by stimulating angiogenesis, migration and invasion. Comparison of conditioned medium content from DNA-PKcs-proficient and deficient cells reveals that DNA-PKcs controls secretion of at least 103 proteins (including 44 metastasis-associated with FBLN1, SERPINA3, MMP-8, HSPG2 and the inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, such as α-2M and TIMP-2). High throughput analysis of secretomes, proteomes and transcriptomes, indicate that DNA-PKcs regulates the secretion of 85 proteins without affecting their gene expression. Our data demonstrate that DNA-PKcs has a pro-metastatic activity via the modification of the tumor microenvironment. This study shows for the first time a direct link between DNA damage repair and cancer metastasis and highlights the importance of DNA-PKcs as a potential target for anti-metastatic treatment.
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Key Words
- CM, conditioned media
- DNA damage
- DNA-PK
- DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase
- DNA-PKcs, DNA-PK catalytic subunit
- DSB, double-strand break
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- MMP inhibition
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MS, mass spectrometry
- NHEJ, non-homologous end joining
- SILAC, stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase.
- metastasis
- secretion
- α-2M, α-2-macroglobulin
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kotula
- a Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR3347; Institut National de la Santé et de Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1021; Institut Curie ; Orsay , France
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4
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Becker E, Robisson B, Chapple CE, Guénoche A, Brun C. Multifunctional proteins revealed by overlapping clustering in protein interaction network. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 28:84-90. [PMID: 22080466 PMCID: PMC3244771 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Motivation: Multifunctional proteins perform several functions. They are expected to interact specifically with distinct sets of partners, simultaneously or not, depending on the function performed. Current graph clustering methods usually allow a protein to belong to only one cluster, therefore impeding a realistic assignment of multifunctional proteins to clusters. Results: Here, we present Overlapping Cluster Generator (OCG), a novel clustering method which decomposes a network into overlapping clusters and which is, therefore, capable of correct assignment of multifunctional proteins. The principle of OCG is to cover the graph with initial overlapping classes that are iteratively fused into a hierarchy according to an extension of Newman's modularity function. By applying OCG to a human protein–protein interaction network, we show that multifunctional proteins are revealed at the intersection of clusters and demonstrate that the method outperforms other existing methods on simulated graphs and PPI networks. Availability: This software can be downloaded from http://tagc.univ-mrs.fr/welcome/spip.php?rubrique197 Contact:brun@tagc.univ-mrs.fr Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Krust B, El Khoury D, Nondier I, Soundaramourty C, Hovanessian AG. Targeting surface nucleolin with multivalent HB-19 and related Nucant pseudopeptides results in distinct inhibitory mechanisms depending on the malignant tumor cell type. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:333. [PMID: 21812966 PMCID: PMC3199867 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleolin expressed at the cell surface is a binding protein for a variety of ligands implicated in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. By using a specific antagonist that binds the C-terminal RGG domain of nucleolin, the HB-19 pseudopeptide, we recently reported that targeting surface nucleolin with HB-19 suppresses progression of established human breast tumor cells in the athymic nude mice, and delays development of spontaneous melanoma in the RET transgenic mice. METHODS By the capacity of HB-19 to bind stably surface nucleolin, we purified and identified nucleolin partners at the cell surface. HB-19 and related multivalent Nucant pseudopeptides, that present pentavalently or hexavalently the tripeptide Lysψ(CH2N)-Pro-Arg, were then used to show that targeting surface nucleolin results in distinct inhibitory mechanisms on breast, prostate, colon carcinoma and leukemia cells. RESULTS Surface nucleolin exists in a 500-kDa protein complex including several other proteins, which we identified by microsequencing as two Wnt related proteins, Ku86 autoantigen, signal recognition particle subunits SRP68/72, the receptor for complement component gC1q-R, and ribosomal proteins S4/S6. Interestingly, some of the surface-nucleolin associated proteins are implicated in cell signaling, tumor cell adhesion, migration, invasion, cell death, autoimmunity, and bacterial infections. Surface nucleolin in the 500-kDa complex is highly stable. Surface nucleolin antagonists, HB-19 and related multivalent Nucant pseudopeptides, exert distinct inhibitory mechanisms depending on the malignant tumor cell type. For example, in epithelial tumor cells they inhibit cell adhesion or spreading and induce reversion of the malignant phenotype (BMC cancer 2010, 10:325) while in leukemia cells they trigger a rapid cell death associated with DNA fragmentation. The fact that these pseudopeptides do not cause cell death in epithelial tumor cells indicates that cell death in leukemia cells is triggered by a specific signaling mechanism, rather than nonspecific cellular injury. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that targeting surface nucleolin could change the organization of the 500-kDa complex to interfere with the proper functioning of surface nucleolin and the associated proteins, and thus lead to distinct inhibitory mechanisms. Consequently, HB-19 and related Nucant pseudopeptides provide novel therapeutic opportunities in treatment of a wide variety of cancers and related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Krust
- CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Unité Régulation de la Transcription de Maladies Génétique, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Diala El Khoury
- CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Unité Régulation de la Transcription de Maladies Génétique, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Isabelle Nondier
- CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Unité Régulation de la Transcription de Maladies Génétique, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Calaiselvy Soundaramourty
- CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Unité Régulation de la Transcription de Maladies Génétique, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Ara G Hovanessian
- CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Unité Régulation de la Transcription de Maladies Génétique, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
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Martinez-Marignac VL, Rodrigue A, Davidson D, Couillard M, Al-Moustafa AE, Abramovitz M, Foulkes WD, Masson JY, Aloyz R. The effect of a DNA repair gene on cellular invasiveness: XRCC3 over-expression in breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16394. [PMID: 21283680 PMCID: PMC3025979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over-expression of DNA repair genes has been associated with resistance to radiation and DNA-damage induced by chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin. More recently, based on the analysis of genome expression profiling, it was proposed that over-expression of DNA repair genes enhances the invasive behaviour of tumour cells. In this study we present experimental evidence utilizing functional assays to test this hypothesis. We assessed the effect of the DNA repair proteins known as X-ray complementing protein 3 (XRCC3) and RAD51, to the invasive behavior of the MCF-7 luminal epithelial-like and BT20 basal-like triple negative human breast cancer cell lines. We report that stable or transient over-expression of XRCC3 but not RAD51 increased invasiveness in both cell lines in vitro. Moreover, XRCC3 over-expressing MCF-7 cells also showed a higher tumorigenesis in vivo and this phenotype was associated with increased activity of the metalloproteinase MMP-9 and the expression of known modulators of cell-cell adhesion and metastasis such as CD44, ID-1, DDR1 and TFF1. Our results suggest that in addition to its' role in facilitating repair of DNA damage, XRCC3 affects invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines and the expression of genes associated with cell adhesion and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amélie Rodrigue
- Genome Stability Laboratory, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Canada
| | - David Davidson
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute & Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Martin Couillard
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute & Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ala-Eddin Al-Moustafa
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute & Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mark Abramovitz
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute & Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - William D. Foulkes
- Faculty of Medicine, Program in Cancer Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- Genome Stability Laboratory, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Canada
| | - Raquel Aloyz
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute & Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Program in Cancer Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- * E-mail:
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7
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Chan YGY, Riley SP, Martinez JJ. Adherence to and invasion of host cells by spotted Fever group rickettsia species. Front Microbiol 2010; 1:139. [PMID: 21687751 PMCID: PMC3109342 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2010.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic lifecycle of obligate intracellular bacteria presents a superb opportunity to develop understanding of the interaction between the bacteria and host under the pretext that disruption of these processes will likely lead to death of the pathogen and prevention of associated disease. Species of the genus Rickettsia contain some of the most hazardous of the obligate intracellular bacteria, including Rickettsia rickettsii and R. conorii the causative agents of Rocky Mountain and Mediterranean spotted fevers, respectively. Spotted fever group Rickettsia species commonly invade and thrive within cells of the host circulatory system whereby the endothelial cells are severely perturbed. The subsequent disruption of circulatory continuity results in much of the severe morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases, including macropapular dermal rash, interstitial pneumonia, acute renal failure, pulmonary edema, and other multisystem manifestations. This review describes current knowledge of the essential pathogenic processes of adherence to and invasion of host cells, efforts to disrupt these processes, and potential for disease prevention through vaccination with recently identified bacterial adherence and invasion proteins. A more complete understanding of these bacterial proteins will provide an opportunity for prevention and treatment of spotted fever group Rickettsia infections.
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Unconventional secretion of AcbA in Dictyostelium discoideum through a vesicular intermediate. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2010; 9:1009-17. [PMID: 20472692 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00337-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The acyl coenzyme A (CoA) binding protein AcbA is secreted unconventionally and processed into spore differentiation factor 2 (SDF-2), a peptide that coordinates sporulation in Dictyostelium discoideum. We report that AcbA is localized in vesicles that accumulate in the cortex of prespore cells just prior to sporulation. These vesicles are not observed after cells are stimulated to release AcbA but remain visible after stimulation in cells lacking the Golgi reassembly stacking protein (GRASP). Acyl-CoA binding is required for the inclusion of AcbA in these vesicles, and the secretion of AcbA requires N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF). About 1% of the total cellular AcbA can be purified within membrane-bound vesicles. The yield of vesicles decreases dramatically when purified from wild-type cells that were stimulated to release AcbA, whereas the yield from GRASP mutant cells was only modestly altered by stimulation. We suggest that these AcbA-containing vesicles are secretion intermediates and that GRASP functions at a late step leading to the docking/fusion of these vesicles at the cell surface.
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Lagadec C, Romon R, Tastet C, Meignan S, Com E, Page A, Bidaux G, Hondermarck H, Le Bourhis X. Ku86 is important for TrkA overexpression-induced breast cancer cell invasion. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:580-90. [PMID: 21137076 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 11/07/2009] [Accepted: 11/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have recently shown that breast tumors express high levels of TrkA compared with normal breast tissues, with TrkA overexpression enhancing breast cancer cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in animal models. In this study, we tried to identify molecules involved in TrkA overexpression-mediated biological effects in breast cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used a proteomic-based approach to identify proteins involved in TrkA overexpression-stimulated invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Proteins from control and TrkA overexpressing cells were separated using a cup-loading two-dimensional electrophoresis system before MALDI and LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS Among several putative regulated proteins, Ku86 was found increased in TrkA overexpressing cells. Moreover, Ku86 was co-immunoprecipitated with TrkA, suggesting the interaction of these two proteins in TrkA overexpressing cells. Interestingly, inhibition with small-interfering RNA and neutralizing antibodies showed that Ku86 was required for TrkA-stimulated cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data allowed the identification of Ku86 as a new player involved in metastasis in breast cancer cells. Our findings suggest that TrkA and its down stream signaling pathways should be regarded as potential new targets for the development of future breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chann Lagadec
- Signalisation des facteurs de croissance dans le cancer du sein. Proteomique fonctionnelle, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Merkle D, Zheng D, Ohrt T, Crell K, Schwille P. Cellular dynamics of Ku: characterization and purification of Ku-eGFP. Chembiochem 2008; 9:1251-9. [PMID: 18435448 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ku is a predominantly nuclear protein that functions as a DNA double-strand-break (DSB) binding protein and regulatory subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). DNA-PK is involved in synapsis and remodeling of broken DNA ends during nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) of DNA DSBs. It has also recently been demonstrated that Ku plays roles in cytoplasmic and membrane processes, namely: interaction with matrix metalloproteinase 9, acting as a co-receptor for parvoviral infection, and also interacting with cell polarity protein, Par3. We present a method for creating stable expression of Ku-eGFP in CHO cells and extend the procedure to purify Ku-eGFP for in vitro assaying. We demonstrated that Ku-eGFP localizes to the nucleus of HeLa cells upon microinjection into the cytoplasm as well as localizing to laser induced DNA damage. We also characterized the diffusional dynamics of Ku in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The FCS data suggest that whereas the majority of Ku (70%) in the nucleus is mobile and freely diffusing, in a cellular context, there also exists a significant slow process fraction (30%). Strikingly, in the cytoplasm, this immobile/slow moving fraction is even more pronounced (45%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Merkle
- Philips Research, High Tech Campus 11, 5656AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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11
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Maxwell CA, McCarthy J, Turley E. Cell-surface and mitotic-spindle RHAMM: moonlighting or dual oncogenic functions? J Cell Sci 2008; 121:925-32. [PMID: 18354082 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.022038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells use a wide variety of post-translational mechanisms to modify the functional repertoire of their transcriptome. One emerging but still understudied mechanism involves the export of cytoplasmic proteins that then partner with cell-surface receptors and modify both the surface-display kinetics and signaling properties of these receptors. Recent investigations demonstrate moonlighting roles for the proteins epimorphin, FGF1, FGF2, PLK1 and Ku80, to name a few, during oncogenesis and inflammation. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of unconventional cytoplasmic-protein export by focusing on the mitotic-spindle/hyaluronan-binding protein RHAMM, which is hyper-expressed in many human tumors. Intracellular RHAMM associates with BRCA1 and BARD1; this association attenuates the mitotic-spindle-promoting activity of RHAMM that might contribute to tumor progression by promoting genomic instability. Extracellular RHAMM-CD44 partnering sustains CD44 surface display and enhances CD44-mediated signaling through ERK1 and ERK2 (ERK1/2); it might also contribute to tumor progression by enhancing and/or activating the latent tumor-promoting properties of CD44. The unconventional export of proteins such as RHAMM is a novel process that modifies the roles of tumor suppressors and promoters, such as BRCA1 and CD44, and might provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Alan Maxwell
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
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