Aberrant congenital macular vessel crossing the fovea: evaluation with optical coherence tomography

Congenital Retinal Macrovessel Without Any Ophthalmic Complications: A Case Report

Congenital retinal macrovessels (CRMs) are a rare entity. They are usually unilateral, abnormally large, and aberrant vessels. Although the majority of the patients are asymptomatic, CRMs may affect vision if they are associated with pigmentary changes at the macula, foveolar cysts, central serous retinopathy, macular hemorrhage, or if the macrovessel crosses the fovea. Here, we present the case of a young female who came for a routine ophthalmological evaluation. She was asymptomatic, and the macrovessel was an incidental finding. Visual acuity and slit lamp examination were normal, and dilated fundus evaluation was normal except for CRM in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography angiography imaging helped visualize the depth of the vessel and the analysis of the architecture of the foveal avascular zone.

Multimodal Imaging Analysis in a Case with Congenital Fovea-Involving Retinal Macrovessel and Excellent Visual Acuity

Purpose

Congenital retinal macrovessels (CRM) represent rare aberrant vasculature of the retinal vessels that can supply or drain the macula. In this report, the optical coherence tomography angiography features of a congenital retinal macrovessel are discussed.

Methods

The history and examination findings are presented alongside swept-source OCT angiography with corresponding B scan and en face OCT imaging.

Patients

The case is a 12-year-old female patient with excellent best-corrected visual acuity in both eyes.

Results

Swept-source OCT angiography demonstrated considerable loss of the foveal avascular zone at the levels of the superficial and deep capillary plexus.

Discussion

In this case there was no detrimental effect on vision despite anatomical loss of the foveal avascular zone.

CONGENITAL MACROVESSEL ASSOCIATED WITH CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA AND AN IPSILATERAL INTRACRANIAL VENOUS MALFORMATION

Congenital retinal macrovessel has been classified as a subtype of retinal arterial–venous malformation. However, no association with intracranial vascular malformation has previously been reported. Here, the authors report a case of congenital retinal macrovessel complicated by cystoid macular edema and associated with an ipsilateral intracranial venous malformation.

To report a case of congenital retinal macrovessel associated with cystoid macular edema and an ipsilateral intracranial venous malformation.

Congenital retinal macrovessel: atypical presentation using optical coherence tomography

To describe a congenital retinal macrovessel with macular thickening. This case was investigated using fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, Spectralis optical coherence tomography and a 10-2 visual field test. A 23-year-old man was referred to our clinic with decreased vision in the right eye. Fundus examination of the right eye revealed a congenital retinal macrovessel that originated inferior to the superotemporal branch of the central retinal vein. Using fluorescein angiography, early filling and delayed emptying of the aberrant vein were observed. Spectralis optical coherence tomography demonstrated macular thickening and was supported by a 10-2 visual field test that revealed a relative scotoma corresponding to the same location. At the 18-month follow-up, visual acuity remained stable. Although rare, this case demonstrated that macular thickening can cause decreased visual acuity in the presence of a congenital retinal macrovessel.