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Sharma M, Suratannon N, Leung D, Baris S, Takeuchi I, Samra S, Yanagi K, Rosa Duque JS, Benamar M, Del Bel KL, Momenilandi M, Béziat V, Casanova JL, van Hagen PM, Arai K, Nomura I, Kaname T, Chatchatee P, Morita H, Chatila TA, Lau YL, Turvey SE. Human germline gain-of-function in STAT6: from severe allergic disease to lymphoma and beyond. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:138-153. [PMID: 38238227 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-6 is a transcription factor central to pro-allergic immune responses, although the function of human STAT6 at the whole-organism level has long remained unknown. Germline heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) rare variants in STAT6 have been recently recognized to cause a broad and severe clinical phenotype of early-onset, multi-system allergic disease. Here, we provide an overview of the clinical presentation of STAT6-GOF disease, discussing how dysregulation of the STAT6 pathway causes severe allergic disease, and identifying possible targeted treatment approaches. Finally, we explore the mechanistic overlap between STAT6-GOF disease and other monogenic atopic disorders, and how this group of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) powerfully inform our fundamental understanding of common human allergic disease.
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Nakamura T, Yoshida N, Yamanoi Y, Honryo A, Tomita H, Kuwabara H, Kojima Y. Eucalyptus oil reduces allergic reactions and suppresses mast cell degranulation by downregulating IgE-FcεRI signalling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20940. [PMID: 33262354 PMCID: PMC7708995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus oil has been used since ancient times for its bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and sedative effects. In recent years, the action of Eucalyptus oil has been scientifically proven, and there have been reports that Eucalyptus oil suppresses the production of chemokines, cytokines and lipid mediators in basophils, alveolar macrophages and monocytes. Based on this information, we aimed to verify whether Eucalyptus oil can be used for allergic dermatitis, the incidence of which has been increasing among human skin diseases. This effect was verified using a mouse IgE-mediated local allergic model. In conclusion, topical application of Eucalyptus oil suppressed oedema and vascular permeability enhancement due to IgE-mediated allergic on the skin. In addition, we also verified the degranuration of mast cells, which is a part of its action, and examined whether 1,8-cineole, which is the main component of Eucalyptus oil, suppresses the phosphorylation of PLCγ and p38 directly or indirectly. 1,8-cineole was found to suppress degranulation of mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Nakamura
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan.
| | - Naoki Yoshida
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan
| | - Yu Yamanoi
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan
| | - Akira Honryo
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuwabara
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kojima
- Department of R&D Center, Ikeda Mohando Co., Ltd, 16 Jinden, Kamiichi, Nakaniikawa, Toyama, 930-0394, Japan
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3
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STAT6 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)-containing ointment more potently inhibits mouse skin inflammation when formulated with ionic liquid technology than as a traditional Vaseline ointment. Allergol Int 2019; 68:380-382. [PMID: 30704845 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is caused by complex interactions between a variety of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the maintenance of the chronic inflammatory skin condition. Most conventional treatments have been designed for the so-called 'average patient'. In recent years however, many previously unknown details pertaining to the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of AD have been elucidated, and novel treatments based on these pathological mechanisms or on subgroup classifications have been developed. Herein, how future treatment strategies for AD can be developed is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Igawa
- a Department of Dermatology , Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine , Tochigi , Japan
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Mamet J, Harris S, Klukinov M, Yeomans DC, Donahue RR, Taylor BK, Eddinger K, Yaksh T, Manning DC. Pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of the DNA-decoy AYX1 for the prevention of acute and chronic post-surgical pain. Mol Pain 2017; 13:1744806917703112. [PMID: 28394696 PMCID: PMC5407669 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917703112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background AYX1 is an unmodified DNA-decoy designed to reduce acute post-surgical pain and its chronification with a single intrathecal dose at the time of surgery. AYX1 inhibits the transcription factor early growth response protein 1, which is transiently induced at the time of injury and triggers gene regulation in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord that leads to long-term sensitization and pain. This work characterizes the AYX1 dose-response profile in rats and the link to AYX1 pharmacokinetics and metabolism in the cerebrospinal fluid, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord. Results The effects of ascending dose-levels of AYX1 on mechanical hypersensitivity were measured in the spared nerve injury model of chronic pain and in a plantar incision model of acute post-surgical pain. AYX1 dose-response profile shows that efficacy rapidly increases from a minimum effective dose of ∼ 0.5 mg to a peak maximum effective dose of ∼ 1 mg. With further dose escalation, the efficacy paradoxically appears to decrease by ∼ 30% and then returns to full efficacy at the maximum feasible dose of ∼ 4 mg. The reduction of efficacy is associated to doses triggering a near-saturation of AYX1 metabolism by nucleases in the cerebrospinal fluid and a paradoxical reduction of AYX1 exposure during the period of early growth response protein 1 induction. This effect is overcome at higher doses that compensate for the effect of metabolism. Discussion AYX1 is a competitive antagonist of early growth response protein 1, which is consistent with the overall increased efficacy observed as dose-levels initially escalate. Chemically, AYX1 is unprotected against degradation by nucleases. The sensitivity to nucleases is reflected in a paradoxical reduction of efficacy in the dose-response curve. Conclusions These findings point to the importance of the nuclease environment of the cerebrospinal fluid to the research and development of AYX1 and other intrathecal nucleotide-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Brad K Taylor
- 3 Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
| | - Kelly Eddinger
- 4 Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tony Yaksh
- 4 Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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A new approach to transfect NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides into the periodontal tissue using the ultrasound-microbubble method. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:80-86. [PMID: 28452376 PMCID: PMC5518970 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the ultrasound-microbubble technique in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) transfection in the gingival tissue in mice. The 6-FAM-labeled scrambled decoy ODN with microbubbles was applied to the periodontal tissue in 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice by ultrasound radiation at low (LUM-Sc) and high (HUM-Sc) intensities to optimize the transfection condition of the ultrasound-microbubble method. Histological inspections were performed two hours after transfection to compare the expression with that in the sham-operated group without ultrasound radiation (A-Sc). Then, an NF-κB decoy was transfected into the periodontal tissue using the high-intensity ultrasound-microbubble (HUM-NF) technique to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of the decoy ODN. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the expression of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the gingival tissues in the HUM-Sc, the HUM-NF and control groups. The fluorescence microscopy results showed that the fluorescent intensity in the periodontal tissues in the LUM-Sc and HUM-Sc groups was significantly higher than that in the A-Sc and the control groups. The fluorescent intensity in the HUM-Sc group, especially in the gingival connective tissue, was the highest of all groups. Western blot analysis indicated that the protein expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and ICAM-1 in the HUM-NF group were significantly lower than those in the HUM-Sc and the control groups. These findings suggest that the high-intensity ultrasound-microbubble technique is an effective tool for decoy transfection into the periodontal tissue.
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Bharadwaj U, Kasembeli MM, Tweardy DJ. STAT3 Inhibitors in Cancer: A Comprehensive Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42949-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yokozeki H. A nucleic acid-based medication for allergic skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 75:75-81. [PMID: 24726501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Among allergic skin diseases, atopic dermatitis is the most difficult to cure. In the majority of patients, atopic dermatitis can be easily controlled by treatment based on three therapeutic approaches: avoidance of precipitating factors, skin care, and medication. In some adult patients, however, severe atopic dermatitis is refractory to treatment, and no fundamental effective treatment modality has yet been established for such cases. Chronic contact dermatitis without an identified causative hapten is also considered an allergic skin disease that is difficult to cure. Topical nucleic acid-based medications are currently being applied clinically, and an ointment containing nuclear factor-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (hereafter referred to as Decoy) has reached clinical trials. In addition, synthetic double-stranded DNA with high affinity for signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6) introduced in vivo as a decoy cis element to bind the transcriptional factor and block the activated gene that contributes to the onset and progression of atopic dermatitis functions as an effective therapeutic agent. We also introduce another STAT1 decoy treatment, cytosine-phosphate-guanine-ODN or STAT6 small interfering RNA therapy, for allergic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Yokozeki
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Department of Dermatology, 113-8519 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yokozeki H. [A Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides therapy for allergic skin diseases]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 35:107-11. [PMID: 22576567 DOI: 10.2177/jsci.35.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronically relapsing skin disease. It is very difficult to treat severe type AD by steroid ointment. We therefore hypothesized that synthetic double-stranded DNA with a high affinity for Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 6 (STAT6) could be introduced in vivo as a decoy cis elements to bind the transcriptional factor and to block the gene activation of contributing the onset and progression of AD, thus providing effective therapy for AD. Treatment by the transfection of STAT6 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), but not scrambled decoy ODN in the AD model mice, had a significantly inhibitory effect on not only STAT6 binding to nuclei but also on the third phase response. A histological analysis revealed that both edema and the infiltration of eosinophils and degranulated mast cells significantly decreased in STAT6 decoy ODN transfected mice. We herein report the first successful in vivo transfer of STAT6 decoy ODN to reduce the third phase reaction in AD model mice, thereby providing a new therapeutic strategy for atopic dermatitis. We also introduce another NF-kB Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides therapy or STAT6siRNA therapy for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Yokozeki
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Department of Dermatology
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10
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Shiraishi H, Masuoka M, Ohta S, Suzuki S, Arima K, Taniguchi K, Aoki S, Toda S, Yoshimoto T, Inagaki N, Conway SJ, Narisawa Y, Izuhara K. Periostin contributes to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by inducing TSLP production from keratinocytes. Allergol Int 2012; 61:563-72. [PMID: 22918211 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.10-oa-0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease where Th2-type immune responses are dominant. Keratinocytes persistently secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, amplifying Th2-type responses in AD. We have recently reported that periostin, an extracellular matrix protein induced by Th2 cytokines, plays a critical role in AD. In the present study, we have further investigated the characteristics of our allergen-induced AD model mice and the role of periostin in the pathogenesis of AD. METHODS The ears of C57BL/6 mice, BALB/c mice, and Rag-2-/- γ(c)-/- mice (BALB/c background) were epicutaneously sensitized repeatedly with HDM. Mice were analyzed after the final sensitization. To examine the direct role of periostin, we reconstituted skin in vitro by coculture of keratinocytes with wild-type or periostin-deficient fibroblasts. RESULTS Epicutaneous sensitization with HDM induced AD-like phenotypes and accumulation of periostin in dermis in C57BL/6 mice but not in Rag-2-/- γ(c)-/- mice. In vitro organotypic coculture systems revealed that periostin promoted survival and proliferation of keratinocytes and directly induced production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that periostin exacerbates the pathogenesis of AD through TSLP production from keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Shiraishi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Japan
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Hirasaki Y, Iwamura C, Yamashita M, Ito T, Kitajima M, Shinoda K, Namiki T, Terasawa K, Nakayama T. Repressor of GATA negatively regulates murine contact hypersensitivity through the inhibition of type-2 allergic responses. Clin Immunol 2011; 139:267-76. [PMID: 21398189 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Repressor of GATA (ROG) inhibits Th2 cell differentiation and allergic airway inflammation in the lung. To determine the role of ROG in the pathogenesis of contact hypersensitivity (CHS), a hapten-induced mouse model of CHS using ROG Tg and ROG-deficient (ROG(-/-)) was used. ROG Tg mice showed little ear swelling, while ROG(-/-) mice showed enhanced ear swelling in comparison to wild type mice. Interstitial edema and mast cell degranulation at the local inflammation sites were mild in ROG Tg mice and exacerbated in ROG(-/-) mice. In addition, the serum total IgE and hapten-specific IgG1 levels were increased in ROG(-/-) mice. Adoptive transfer of ROG(-/-) CD4(+) T cells exacerbated CHS in wild type mice, while transfer of ROG Tg CD4(+) T cells resulted in the attenuation of CHS. These results indicate ROG negatively regulates the induction of CHS by controlling the CD4(+) T cell-mediated allergic responses, including IgE generation and mast cell degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Hirasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Hosoya K, Satoh T, Yamamoto Y, Saeki K, Igawa K, Okano M, Moriya T, Imamura O, Nemoto Y, Yokozeki H. Gene silencing of STAT6 with siRNA ameliorates contact hypersensitivity and allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2011; 66:124-31. [PMID: 20608912 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02440.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silencing of genes using small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a recently developed strategy to regulate the synthesis of target molecules. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) is a nuclear transcription factor that mediates Th2-type immunity. METHODS To elucidate the therapeutic potential of using siRNA to inhibit STAT6 in allergic reactions, we determined the nucleotide sequences of siRNA specific for STAT6. RESULTS The selected sequences of STAT6 siRNA specifically inhibited the generation of STAT6 synthesis in dermal fibroblasts and eotaxin (CCL11) production in response to IL-4/TNF-α in vitro. Local administration of STAT6 siRNA in vivo alleviated contact hypersensitivity responses to chemical haptens. This was accompanied by reduced local production of IL-4, IL-13, eotaxin (CCL11), TARC (CCL17) and MDC (CCL22). Similarly, consecutive intranasal instillation of STAT6 siRNA markedly inhibited inflammatory cellular infiltration of mucosal tissues in allergic rhinitis responses in association with reduced IL-4 and IL-5 production from regional lymph node cells. Immediate responses, such as sneezing and nasal rubbing behaviors, were also improved by STAT6 siRNA. CONCLUSIONS Local administration of STAT6 siRNA is thus a promising therapeutic strategy for both Th2-mediated cutaneous diseases and allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hosoya
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Igawa K, Satoh T, Yokozeki H. A therapeutic effect of STAT6 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide ointment in atopic dermatitis: a pilot study in adults. Br J Dermatol 2009; 160:1124-6. [PMID: 19292714 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cousins DJ, McDonald J, Lee TH. Therapeutic approaches for control of transcription factors in allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 121:803-9; quiz 810-1. [PMID: 18395546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response observed in allergic disease involves multiple cell types but is orchestrated in part by the T(H)2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. In recent years, the transcription factors that control the expression and function of these cytokines have been elucidated, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, GATA3, nuclear factor of activated T cells, and nuclear factor kappaB. These molecules are attractive targets for therapeutic intervention because they regulate the expression of numerous effector molecules and functions simultaneously. For instance, the immunosuppressive agents glucocorticoids and cyclosporin A both function by repressing the activity of transcription factors through a variety of mechanisms. In this review we examine the role of each transcription factor in allergic disease and discuss approaches that have been taken to therapeutically interfere with transcription factor function in allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Cousins
- MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Gerhold K, Darcan Y, Hamelmann E. Primary prevention of allergic diseases: current concepts and mechanisms. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 3:105-13. [PMID: 20525115 PMCID: PMC2873606 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-3-4-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
: Atopic diseases, the new "epidemic of the twenty-first century" and a central health problem of industrial nations, call for the development of innovative primary prevention strategies. The present review provides an overview of current experimental and immunomodulatory procedures and their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Gerhold
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charite, Universitätsmedizinm, Berlin, Germany
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Miyazaki Y, Satoh T, Nishioka K, Yokozeki H. STAT-6-mediated control of P-selectin by substance P and interleukin-4 in human dermal endothelial cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2006; 169:697-707. [PMID: 16877367 PMCID: PMC1698799 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2006.051211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
P-Selectin expressed on endothelial cells contributes to acute and chronic inflammation by promoting leukocyte tethering/rolling. Despite increasing evidence of P-selectin expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro, the regulatory mechanisms of P-selectin expression on dermal endothelial cells in skin diseases are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate increased expression of P-selectin in dermal vessels of regional skin in urticaria and atopic dermatitis. The present in vitro analyses with human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) revealed that histamine rapidly induced P-selectin expression. Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 induced prolonged expression of surface P-selectin by HDMECs. A combination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-4 inhibited P-selectin expression. Pretreatment of HDMECs with tumor necrosis factor-alpha followed by incubation with IL-4 markedly increased P-selectin expression. Notably, incubation with substance P alone induced prolonged P-selectin expression. Activation of STAT6 appears to be a key factor in P-selectin expression induced by substance P and IL-4 because treatment with STAT6 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides significantly inhibited P-selectin expression. The present results indicate that novel, complex mechanisms are involved in endothelial P-selectin expression in the skin. STAT6 in dermal endothelial cells appears to be a potent target for controlling cellular infiltrate in allergic and/or neuroinflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Miyazaki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519, Japan
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Dumont FJ. Interleukin-2 family cytokines: potential for therapeutic immmunoregulation. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.15.5.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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