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He D, Lin H, Yu Y, Shi L, Tu J. Precisely Defined Polymers for Efficient Gene Delivery. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2018; 376:2. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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2
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Oh HR, Jo HY, Park JS, Kim DE, Cho JY, Kim PH, Kim KS. Galactosylated Liposomes for Targeted Co-Delivery of Doxorubicin/Vimentin siRNA to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6080141. [PMID: 28335269 PMCID: PMC5224624 DOI: 10.3390/nano6080141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The combination of therapeutic nucleic acids and chemotherapeutic drugs has shown great promise for cancer therapy. In this study, asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR) targeting-ligand-based liposomes were tested to determine whether they can co-deliver vimentin siRNA and doxorubicin to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) selectively. To achieve this goal, we developed an ASGPR receptor targeted co-delivery system called gal-doxorubicin/vimentin siRNA liposome (Gal-DOX/siRNA-L). The Gal-DOX/siRNA-L was created via electrostatic interaction of galactose linked-cationic liposomal doxorubicin (Gal-DOX-L) on vimentin siRNA. Previous studies have shown that Gal-DOX/siRNA-L inhibited tumor growth by combined effect of DOX and vimentin siRNA than single delivery of either DOX or vimentin siRNA. These Gal-DOX/siRNA-Ls showed stronger affinity to human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Huh7) than other cells (lung epithelial carcinoma, A549). These liposomes also have demonstrated that novel hepatic drug/gene delivery systems composed of cationic lipid (DMKE: O,O'-dimyristyl-N-lysyl glutamate), cholesterol, galactosylated ceramide, POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), and PEG2000-DSPE (distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine) at 2:1:1:1:0.2 (moral ratios) can be used as an effective drug/gene carrier specifically targeting the liver in vivo. These results suggest that Gal-DOX-siRNA-L could effectively target tumor cells, enhance transfection efficacy and subsequently achieve the co-delivery of DOX and siRNA, demonstrating great potential for synergistic anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea Ry Oh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Young Jo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - James S Park
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Dong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Pyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Keun-Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
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3
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Yang J, Zhang Q, Chang H, Cheng Y. Surface-Engineered Dendrimers in Gene Delivery. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5274-300. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500542t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiepin Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of
Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of
Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of
Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of
Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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4
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Kos P, Lächelt U, Herrmann A, Mickler FM, Döblinger M, He D, Krhač Levačić A, Morys S, Bräuchle C, Wagner E. Histidine-rich stabilized polyplexes for cMet-directed tumor-targeted gene transfer. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:5350-5362. [PMID: 25721131 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06556e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor/c-Met proto oncogene on the surface of a variety of tumor cells gives an opportunity to specifically target cancerous tissues. Herein, we report the first use of c-Met as receptor for non-viral tumor-targeted gene delivery. Sequence-defined oligomers comprising the c-Met binding peptide ligand cMBP2 for targeting, a monodisperse polyethylene glycol (PEG) for polyplex surface shielding, and various cationic (oligoethanamino) amide cores containing terminal cysteines for redox-sensitive polyplex stabilization, were assembled by solid-phase supported syntheses. The resulting oligomers exhibited a greatly enhanced cellular uptake and gene transfer over non-targeted control sequences, confirming the efficacy and target-specificity of the formed polyplexes. Implementation of endosomal escape-promoting histidines in the cationic core was required for gene expression without additional endosomolytic agent. The histidine-enriched polyplexes demonstrated stability in serum as well as receptor-specific gene transfer in vivo upon intratumoral injection. The co-formulation with an analogous PEG-free cationic oligomer led to a further compaction of pDNA polyplexes with an obvious change of shape as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. Such compaction was critically required for efficient intravenous gene delivery which resulted in greatly enhanced, cMBP2 ligand-dependent gene expression in the distant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kos
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
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5
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He D, Wagner E. Defined Polymeric Materials for Gene Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:600-12. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng He
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; Center for System-based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS); Ludwig-Maximilians-University; 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; Center for System-based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS); Ludwig-Maximilians-University; 81377 Munich Germany
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Quan G, Pan X, Wang Z, Wu Q, Li G, Dian L, Chen B, Wu C. Lactosaminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for asialoglycoprotein receptor targeted anticancer drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:7. [PMID: 25643602 PMCID: PMC4333889 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have several attractive properties as a drug delivery system, such as ordered porous structure, large surface area, controllable particle size as well as interior and exterior dual-functional surfaces. The purpose of this study was to develop novel lactosaminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Lac-MSNs) for asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) targeted anticancer drug delivery. RESULTS Lac-MSNs with an average diameter of approximately 100 nm were prepared by conjugation of lactose with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane modified MSNs. Characterization of Lac-MSNs indicated a huge Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (1012 m(2)/g), highly ordered 2D hexagonal symmetry, an unique mesoporous structure with average pore size of 3.7 nm. The confocal microscopy and flow cytometric analysis illustrated Lac-MSNs were effectively endocytosed by ASGPR-positive hepatoma cell lines, HepG2 and SMMC7721. In contrast, non-selective endocytosis of Lac-MSNs was found in ASGPR-negative NIH 3T3 cells. The cellular uptake study showed the internalization process was energy-consuming and predominated by clathrin-mediated pathway. Model drug docetaxel (DTX) was loaded in the mesopores of Lac-MSNs by wetness impregnation method. In vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that DTX transported by Lac-MSNs effectively inhibited the growth of HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells in a time- and concentration- dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that Lac-MSNs could be a promising inorganic carrier system for targeted intracellular anti-cancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Quan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhouhua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiaoli Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ge Li
- Guangzhou Neworld Pharmaceutical Ltd. Co., Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linghui Dian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Fluorinated poly(propylenimine) dendrimers as gene vectors. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5407-5413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lipid-Coated Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles for Nonviral Gene Therapy. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2014; 88:205-29. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800148-6.00007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Ong ZY, Yang C, Gao SJ, Ke XY, Hedrick JL, Yan Yang Y. Galactose-Functionalized Cationic Polycarbonate Diblock Copolymer for Targeted Gene Delivery to Hepatocytes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1714-20. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yuin Ong
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Chuan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Shu Jun Gao
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Xi-Yu Ke
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - James L. Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center; 650 Harry Road San Jose CA 95120 USA
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
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Hu Y, Haynes MT, Wang Y, Liu F, Huang L. A highly efficient synthetic vector: nonhydrodynamic delivery of DNA to hepatocyte nuclei in vivo. ACS NANO 2013; 7:5376-84. [PMID: 23647441 PMCID: PMC3718078 DOI: 10.1021/nn4012384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional membrane-core nanoparticles, composed of calcium phosphate cores, arginine-rich peptides, cationic and PEGylated lipid membranes, and galactose targeting ligands, have been developed as synthetic vectors for efficient nuclear delivery of plasmid DNA and subsequent gene expression in hepatocytes in vivo. Targeted particles exhibited rapid and extensive hepatic accumulation and were predominantly internalized by hepatocytes, while the inclusion of such peptides in LCP was sufficient to elicit high degrees of nuclear translocation of plasmid DNA. Monocyclic CR8C significantly enhanced in vivo gene expression over 10-fold more than linear CR8C, likely due to a release-favoring mechanism of the DNA/peptide complex. Though 100-fold lower in activity than that achieved via hydrodynamic injection, this formulation presents as a much less invasive alternative. To our knowledge, this is the most effective synthetic vector for liver gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Hu
- The Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: Yunxia Hu,
| | - Matthew T. Haynes
- The Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuhua Wang
- The Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
| | - Feng Liu
- The Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- The Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: Leaf Huang,
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Zhu J, Shi X. Dendrimer-based nanodevices for targeted drug delivery applications. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:4199-4211. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20724b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
PEGylated polyacridine peptides bind to plasmid DNA with high affinity to form unique polyplexes that possess a long circulatory half-life and are hydrodynamically (HD)-stimulated to produce efficient gene expression in the liver of mice. We previously demonstrated that (Acr-Lys)6-Cys-PEG5kDa stabilizes a 1 μg pGL3 dose for up to 1 hr in the circulation, resulting in HD-stimulated (saline only) gene expression in the liver, equivalent in magnitude to direct-HD dosing of 1 μg of pGL3 (Fernandez C.A. et al. Gene Therapy 2011). In the present study we report that increasing the spacing of Acr with either 4 or 5 Lys residues, dramatically increases the stability of PEGylated polyacridine peptide polyplexes in the circulation allowing maximal HD-stimulated expression for up to 5 hrs post-DNA administration. Co-administration of a decoy dose of 9 μg of non-expressing DNA polyplex with 1 μg of pGL3 polyplex further extended the HD-stimulated expression to 9 hrs. This structure-activity relationship study defines the PEGylated polyacridine peptide requirements for maintaining fully transfection competent plasmid DNA in the circulation for 5 hrs and provides an understanding as to why polyplexes or lipoplexes prepared with PEI, chitosan or Lipofectamine are inactive within 5 min following i.v. dosing.
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Khalil IA, Hayashi Y, Mizuno R, Harashima H. Octaarginine- and pH sensitive fusogenic peptide-modified nanoparticles for liver gene delivery. J Control Release 2011; 156:374-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Mintzer MA, Grinstaff MW. Biomedical applications of dendrimers: a tutorial. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:173-90. [DOI: 10.1039/b901839p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 555] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Fabrication of Dendrimers Toward Biological Application. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2011; 104:101-40. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416020-0.00003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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16
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Ukawa M, Akita H, Masuda T, Hayashi Y, Konno T, Ishihara K, Harashima H. 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer (MPC)-coating improves the transfection activity of GALA-modified lipid nanoparticles by assisting the cellular uptake and intracellular dissociation of plasmid DNA in primary hepatocytes. Biomaterials 2010; 31:6355-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhang H, Ma Y, Sun XL. Recent developments in carbohydrate-decorated targeted drug/gene delivery. Med Res Rev 2010; 30:270-89. [PMID: 19626595 DOI: 10.1002/med.20171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of a drug or gene to its site of action has clear therapeutic advantages by maximizing its therapeutic efficiency and minimizing its systemic toxicity. Generally, targeted drug or gene delivery is performed by loading a macromolecular carrier with an appropriate drug or gene, and by targeting the drug/gene carrier to specific cell or tissue with the help of specific targeting ligand. The emergence of glycobiology, glycotechnology, and glycomics and their continual adaptation by pharmaceutical scientists have opened exciting avenue of medicinal applications of carbohydrates. Among them, the biocompatibility and specific receptor recognition ability confer the ability of carbohydrates as potential targeting ligands for targeted drug and gene delivery applications. This review summarizes recent progress of carbohydrate-decorated targeted drug/gene delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA
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18
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Shcharbin DG, Klajnert B, Bryszewska M. Dendrimers in gene transfection. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2009; 74:1070-9. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Suda T, Kamimura K, Kubota T, Tamura Y, Igarashi M, Kawai H, Aoyagi Y, Liu D. Progress toward liver-based gene therapy. Hepatol Res 2009; 39:325-40. [PMID: 19207594 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2008.00479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The liver is involved in the synthesis of serum proteins, regulation of metabolism and maintenance of homeostasis and provides a variety of opportunities for gene therapy. The enriched vasculature and blood circulation, fenestrated endothelium, abundant receptors on the plasma membranes of the liver cells, and effective transcription and translation machineries in the hepatocytes are some unique features that have been explored for delivery, and functional analysis, of genetic sequences in the liver. Both viral and non-viral methods have been developed for effective gene delivery and liver-based gene therapy. This review describes the fundamentals of gene delivery, and the preclinical and clinical progress that has been made toward gene therapy using the liver as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Suda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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Kamimura K, Liu D. Physical approaches for nucleic acid delivery to liver. AAPS JOURNAL 2008; 10:589-95. [PMID: 19083101 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-008-9067-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The liver is a key organ for numerous metabolic pathways and involves many inherited diseases that, although being different in their pathology, are often caused by lack or overproduction of a critical gene product in the diseased cells. In principle, a straightforward method to fix such problem is to introduce into these cells with a gene-coding sequence to provide the missing gene product or with the nucleic acid sequence to inhibit production of the excessive gene product. Practically, however, success of nucleic acid-based pharmaceutics is dependent on the availability of a method capable of delivering nucleic acid sequence in the form of DNA or RNA to liver cells. In this review, we will summarize the progress toward the development of physical methods for nucleic acid delivery to the liver. Emphasis is placed on the mechanism of action, pros, and cons of each method developed so far. We hope the information provided will encourage new endeavor to improve the current methodologies or develop new strategies that will lead to safe and effective delivery of nucleic acids to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kamimura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, 527 Salk Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Huang G, Diakur J, Xu Z, Wiebe LI. Asialoglycoprotein receptor-targeted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2008; 360:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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How SE, Unciti-Broceta A, Sánchez-Martín RM, Bradley M. Solid-phase synthesis of a lysine-capped bis-dendron with remarkable DNA delivery abilities. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:2266-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b804771e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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