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Pinto J, Comprido C, Moreira V, Maccarone MT, Cogoni C, Faustino R, Pignatelli D, Cera N. The Complex Role Played by the Default Mode Network during Sexual Stimulation: A Cluster-Based fMRI Meta-Analysis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:570. [PMID: 39062393 PMCID: PMC11273531 DOI: 10.3390/bs14070570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) is a complex network that plays a significant and active role during naturalistic stimulation. Previous studies that have used naturalistic stimuli, such as real-life stories or silent or sonorous films, have found that the information processing involved a complex hierarchical set of brain regions, including the DMN nodes. The DMN is not involved in low-level features and is only associated with high-level content-related incoming information. The human sexual experience involves a complex set of processes related to both external context and inner processes. Since the DMN plays an active role in the integration of naturalistic stimuli and aesthetic perception with beliefs, thoughts, and episodic autobiographical memories, we aimed at quantifying the involvement of the nodes of the DMN during visual sexual stimulation. After a systematic search in the principal electronic databases, we selected 83 fMRI studies, and an ALE meta-analysis was calculated. We performed conjunction analyses to assess differences in the DMN related to stimulus modalities, sex differences, and sexual orientation. The results show that sexual stimulation alters the topography of the DMN and highlights the DMN's active role in the integration of sexual stimuli with sexual schemas and beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pinto
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal (C.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Camila Comprido
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal (C.C.)
| | - Vanessa Moreira
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal (C.C.)
| | | | - Carlotta Cogoni
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Faustino
- Research Unit in Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy, Cross I&D Lisbon Research Center, Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, 1300-125 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Duarte Pignatelli
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nicoletta Cera
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal (C.C.)
- Research Unit in Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy, Cross I&D Lisbon Research Center, Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, 1300-125 Lisbon, Portugal;
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Grabski B, Kasparek K, Koziara K, Mijas M. Erectile Problems in Polish Straight, Bisexual, and Gay Men: Does Sexual Identity Really Matter? JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:473-483. [PMID: 35621311 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2074952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common sexual health diagnoses in men. Previous studies demonstrated that ED can be even more prevalent among sexual minority men. This study investigated whether sexual identity is related to erectile function (EF) and explored variables possibly contributing to the differences between Polish straight and sexual minority men. The study sample included 1,246 gay, 838 straight, and 535 bisexual men who participated in an online survey. First, the psychometric qualities of the IIEF-2-EF scale used in the study were examined through confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis; a correction to account for potential bias in the questionnaire was also applied. Next, a series of univariate and multivariable models accounting for predictors possibly contributing to the observed differences between the groups of men were conducted. It was demonstrated that gay and bisexual men were more likely to show poorer EF. However, as demonstrated in the subgroup of men who were in relationships, sexual identity lost its significance when the unique characteristics of minority men's sexuality (i.e., less focus on insertive penetrative sex in gay men and more frequent relational non-exclusivity in bisexual men) were controlled for. Erectile problems in minority men may benefit from clinical consideration in the unique context of their sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Grabski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Sexology Lab, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Krzysztof Kasparek
- Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Sociology, Centre for Evaluation and Analysis of Public Policies, Jagiellonian University
| | - Karolina Koziara
- Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University
| | - Magdalena Mijas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College
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3
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Stark BA, Obedin-Maliver J, Shindel AW. Sexual Wellness in Cisgender Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People. Urol Clin North Am 2021; 48:461-472. [PMID: 34602168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cisgender sexual minority persons have sexual wellness needs that go well beyond disease prevention. Despite historical asymmetries in research and clinical attention to sexual wellness in cisgender lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons, a growing body of evidence exists on how to optimally care for these populations. Additional research and development is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Stark
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, 10th Floor, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Juno Obedin-Maliver
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, 1701 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Alan W Shindel
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, Suite A-610, San Francisco, CA 94143-0738, USA.
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4
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Rowland DL, Roberson CB. Do the diagnostic criteria for premature ejaculation apply to non-straight men and to sexual activities other than penile-vaginal intercourse? Int J Impot Res 2021; 34:730-732. [PMID: 34504313 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00467-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Professional standards committees have generally applied the diagnostic criteria for premature ejaculation only to situations involving (presumed) heterosexual men having penile-vaginal intercourse. This paper reviews the existing evidence supporting expansion of the criteria for use among non-straight men engaging in sexual activities that do not include vaginal intercourse. In brief, estimated ejaculation latencies appear similar across men identifying with different sexual orientations, and various partnered sexual activities (oral, vaginal, and manual) tend to be well correlated. In contrast, masturbation latency patterns are different between men with and without premature ejaculation, and ejaculatory control and bother/distress may be less critical to gay men than straight men during partnered sex. Finally, it should be noted that existing patient report outcomes (PROs) require modification for use with non-straight men.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN, USA.
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5
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Dysfonctions sexuelles et approches sexothérapeutiques auprès des hommes gais. SEXOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Sexual Desire and Fantasies in the LGBT+ Community: Focus on Lesbian Women and Gay Men. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-020-00263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge around sexual desire, fantasies, and related biopsychosocial factors that may facilitate or obstruct sexual expressions in lesbian women and gay men.
Recent Findings
Sexual desire levels and related problems do not seem significantly different in people who identify as gay or lesbian compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Evidence has shown lesbian women and gay men may have specific desire expressions and biopsychosocial factors influencing their sexual health. This may suggest the importance of deepening the understanding of the unique factors of LGBT+ sexuality and relationships while paying attention to the sociocultural background in which lesbian and gay people grow and develop their identities.
Summary
A lack of specific and unbiased literature on sexual desire and fantasies in gay and lesbian people is reported. Available evidence is controversial and often biased. LG people showed a variety of sexual expressions that are hard to categorize referring to the heteronormative sexual standards that permeate literature and clinical practice. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
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7
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Fioravanti G, Banchi V, Giunti D. Sexual functioning of a sample of lesbian and gay parents who have children from heterosexual relationships: an exploratory study. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2020.1728245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fioravanti
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Vanessa Banchi
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniel Giunti
- Centro Integrato di Sessuologia Clinica “Il Ponte”, Florence, Italy
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8
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Barbonetti A, D’Andrea S, Cavallo F, Martorella A, Francavilla S, Francavilla F. Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation in Homosexual and Heterosexual Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies. J Sex Med 2019; 16:624-632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Bisexuality among a cohort of university students: prevalence and psychological distress. Int J Impot Res 2017; 30:79-84. [PMID: 29203843 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-017-0014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sociocultural prejudices and pressures may impair the mental health of bisexual people. We aim to evaluate psychological status according to sexual orientation in a sample of Italian university students, with specific attention to bisexuality and its frequency. Among a recruited sample of 551 university students, we found the following percentages for sexual orientation: heterosexuals 96.9% (n = 534), homosexuals 1.1% (n = 6), bisexuals 2% (n = 11). The cross-sectional analysis for psychological symptoms, with the Symptoms Check List-90 Revised (SCL-90-R), revealed that bisexual subjects have statistically significant higher scores on some symptomatic scales compared to heterosexuals. In particular, obsession-compulsion, paranoid ideation, hostility were significantly higher in bisexuals. Therefore, if heterosexual or homosexual orientation are not specified by particular psychological symptoms, bisexuality is characterized by a strong link with some facets of psychological distress, which are likely caused by a peculiar double stigma. In conclusion, through a specific psychometric tool, we found an association between bisexuality and various forms of psychological suffering. This evidence should further encourage clinicians to accurately assess the psychological health in young bisexual people.
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10
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Peixoto MM. Sexual Problems and Distress in Lesbian Women. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-017-0115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Zheng L, Zheng Y. Sexual satisfaction in Chinese gay and bisexual men: relationship to negative sexual minority identity and sexual role preference. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2016.1200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Tat SA, Marrazzo JM, Graham SM. Women Who Have Sex with Women Living in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Sexual Health and Risk Behaviors. LGBT Health 2015; 2:91-104. [PMID: 26790114 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2014.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Women who have sex with women (WSW) have long been considered at low risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, limited research has been conducted on WSW, especially those living in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We reviewed available research on sexual health and risk behaviors of WSW in LMICs. We searched CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed for studies of WSW in LMICs published between January 1, 1980, and December 31, 2013. Studies of any design and subject area that had at least two WSW participants were included. Data extraction was performed to report quantifiable WSW-specific results related to sexual health and risk behaviors, and key findings of all other studies on WSW in LMICs. Of 652 identified studies, 56 studies from 22 countries met inclusion criteria. Reported HIV prevalence among WSW ranged from 0% in East Asia and Pacific and 0%-2.9% in Latin America and the Caribbean to 7.7%-9.6% in Sub-Saharan Africa. Other regions did not report WSW HIV prevalence. Overall, many WSW reported risky sexual behaviors, including sex with men, men who have sex with men (MSM), and HIV-infected partners; transactional sex; and substance abuse. WSW are at risk for contracting HIV and STIs. While the number of research studies on WSW in LMICs continues to increase, data to address WSW sexual health needs remain limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana A Tat
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeanne M Marrazzo
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Susan M Graham
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington.,2 Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington.,3 Department of Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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13
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Cognitive Schemas Activated in Sexual Context: A Comparative Study with Homosexual and Heterosexual Men and Women, With and Without Sexual Problems. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-014-9661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Peixoto MM, Nobre P. Prevalence of sexual problems and associated distress among gay and heterosexual men. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2014.986084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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15
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Štulhofer A, Šević S, Doyle DM. Comparing the Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Health Disturbances Among Heterosexual and Nonheterosexual Men: An Overview of Studies. Sex Med Rev 2014; 2:102-111. [DOI: 10.1002/smrj.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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16
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Ivanković I, Šević S, Štulhofer A. Distressing Sexual Difficulties in Heterosexual and Non-Heterosexual Croatian Men: Assessing the Role of Minority Stress. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2014; 52:647-658. [PMID: 24992388 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2014.909381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although research has shown a connection between minority stressors and internalizing mental health problems, the role of minority stress has mainly been neglected in the assessment of sexual problems among non-heterosexual men. Using online samples of heterosexual (n = 933) and non-heterosexual participants (n = 561) aged 18 to 50 years, this study aimed to comparatively assess sexual difficulties and problems and explore the role of minority stress in non-heterosexual men's sexual problems. Although the age-adjusted odds of reporting rapid ejaculation, delayed ejaculation, and sex-related anxiousness significantly differed between the two groups, the overall prevalence of sexual difficulties and the associated levels of distress did not significantly differ between the samples. In multivariate assessment, anxiety and depression significantly increased the odds of reporting distressing sexual difficulties among both heterosexual and non-heterosexual participants. In the non-heterosexual sample, positive body image significantly decreased the odds of experiencing sexual problems. Pointing to a role of minority stress, highest levels of victimization related to sexual orientation increased the risk of sexual problems. This association was partially mediated by negative emotions. Our findings offer some support for a recent call to include sexual orientation among the social determinants of health recognized by the World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Ivanković
- a Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences , University of Zagreb
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17
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Peixoto MM, Nobre P. Prevalence of sexual problems and associated distress among lesbian and heterosexual women. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2014; 41:427-439. [PMID: 24794229 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2014.918066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence studies on female sexual problems among heterosexual samples have been conducted extensively across different countries. However, relatively little is known regarding prevalence of sexual problems in lesbians. The present study aimed to assess and compare the frequency of self-perceived sexual problems and associated levels of distress in lesbians and heterosexual women. In all, 390 lesbians and 1,009 heterosexual women completed an online survey. The authors assessed the frequency of self-perceived sexual problems in lesbians and heterosexual women, over the past 6 months, as well as the associated levels of distress. Main results suggested that, after controlling for distress levels, sexual pain was the most frequent sexual problem reported by lesbians and heterosexual women. Also, when distress was considered a significant decrease on prevalence rates of sexual problems were found for both lesbians and heterosexual women. Current findings emphasize the role of associated levels of distress to self-perceived sexual problems in women, regardless of sexual orientation. In addition, results suggest that length of relationship play a major role on sexual problems. Overall, data indicated a relatively similar pattern in prevalence of sexual problems in lesbians and heterosexual women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manuela Peixoto
- a Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
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18
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Armstrong HL, Reissing ED. Women who have sex with women: a comprehensive review of the literature and conceptual model of sexual function. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2013.807912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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19
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Awareness and acceptability of female condoms among monogamous Hong Kong Chinese female sexually transmitted infection patients. AIDS Behav 2013. [PMID: 23196859 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-012-0376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Female condom is an effective means of HIV prevention. Monogamous female sexually transmitted infection (STI) patients are exposed indirectly to high risk of contracting HIV/STI via their sole male sex partners. There are few interventions to protect such women whilst female condom use is a potential means of self-protection. With informed consent, this cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of awareness and acceptability of female condoms among 335 Chinese monogamous female STI patients attending a government STI clinic in Hong Kong. Among those who were aware of female condoms (66.9 % of the sample), 68.3 % were willing to use free female condoms. Awareness was associated with having the sex partner being a boyfriend (OR = 3.76, P < 0.001), knowledge about asymptomatic property of HIV (OR = 2.14, P = 0.006) and no immunity for STI (OR = 2.14, P = 0.011), experience of HIV antibody testing (OR = 2.21, P = 0.004) and unemployment (OR = 0.50, P = 0.011). Among those who had heard of female condoms, acceptability was associated with knowledge about possibility to contracting two STI concomitantly (OR = 2.26, P = 0.03) and perceived chance of contracting STI from the sex partner in the coming 6 months (OR = 2.27, P = 0.04). Awareness is relatively low but the prevalence of acceptability is encouraging. Female condoms have been underused and should be promoted among monogamous female STI patients as a means of empowerment as an option for sex protection.
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Dalhoff A. Global fluoroquinolone resistance epidemiology and implictions for clinical use. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2012; 2012:976273. [PMID: 23097666 PMCID: PMC3477668 DOI: 10.1155/2012/976273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper on the fluoroquinolone resistance epidemiology stratifies the data according to the different prescription patterns by either primary or tertiary caregivers and by indication. Global surveillance studies demonstrate that fluoroquinolone resistance rates increased in the past years in almost all bacterial species except S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, causing community-acquired respiratory tract infections. However, 10 to 30% of these isolates harbored first-step mutations conferring low level fluoroquinolone resistance. Fluoroquinolone resistance increased in Enterobacteriaceae causing community acquired or healthcare associated urinary tract infections and intraabdominal infections, exceeding 50% in some parts of the world, particularly in Asia. One to two-thirds of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum β-lactamases were fluoroquinolone resistant too. Furthermore, fluoroquinolones select for methicillin resistance in Staphylococci. Neisseria gonorrhoeae acquired fluoroquinolone resistance rapidly; actual resistance rates are highly variable and can be as high as almost 100%, particularly in Asia, whereas resistance rates in Europe and North America range from <10% in rural areas to >30% in established sexual networks. In general, the continued increase in fluoroquinolone resistance affects patient management and necessitates changes in some guidelines, for example, treatment of urinary tract, intra-abdominal, skin and skin structure infections, and traveller's diarrhea, or even precludes the use in indications like sexually transmitted diseases and enteric fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Dalhoff
- Institute for Infection-Medicine, Christian-Albrechts Univerity of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Brunswiker Straße 4, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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21
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Tsai TY, Chen SY, Tsai MH, Su YL, Ho CM, Su HF. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sexual Dysfunction in Cervical Cancer Patients. J Sex Med 2011; 8:1789-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Kim JH, Lee S, Chan KWC, Lau J, Tsang A, Griffiths SM. A population-based study on the prevalence and correlates of drinking and driving in Hong Kong. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2010; 42:994-1002. [PMID: 20441805 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To examine the prevalence and correlates of drinking and driving in Hong Kong, an anonymous, random telephone survey was conducted on 9860 Chinese adults (18-70 years of age) from April to June 2006. Trained interviewers administered a structured interview consisting of questions on socio-demographic information, drinking pattern, drink-driving, and motor vehicle accidents. The census age-standardized past-year prevalence of driving within 2h of drinking was 5.2% among males and 0.8% among females. The prevalence across age showed an inverted U-shaped trend for males peaking at 8.2% between 41 and 45 years. For females the prevalence was fairly stable between the ages of 20 and 55. The past-year prevalence of alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents was 0.1%, with the majority being in the 26-30 age group. For males who drank, the prevalence of drinking and driving was 5.0% among those without problem drinking, 14.8% among binge drinkers, 37.1% among alcohol abusers and 22.4% among the alcohol dependent. For females who drank, the corresponding figures were all lower at 1.2%, 6.9%, 12.1% and 12.5%, respectively. Higher socio-economic status, weekly drinking, binge drinking and alcohol abuse were independently associated with higher likelihood of drinking and driving in both genders. Among drinking drivers, having a job that required drinking was the only predictor of having had a motor vehicle accident. The elevated prevalence of drinking and driving among alcohol abusers, binge drinkers and the alcohol dependent may portend higher population-level rates of alcohol-related motor accidents in the future since the prevalence of problem drinking has previously been noted to be increasing rapidly in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean H Kim
- The School of Public Health, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong
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23
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Lau JTF, Griffiths S, Choi KC, Tsui HY. Avoidance behaviors and negative psychological responses in the general population in the initial stage of the H1N1 pandemic in Hong Kong. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10:139. [PMID: 20509887 PMCID: PMC2891756 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the SARS pandemic in Hong Kong, panic and worry were prevalent in the community and the general public avoided staying in public areas. Such avoidance behaviors could greatly impact daily routines of the community and the local economy. This study examined the prevalence of the avoidance behaviors (i.e. avoiding going out, visiting crowded places and visiting hospitals) and negative psychological responses of the general population in Hong Kong at the initial stage of the H1N1 epidemic. Methods A sample of 999 respondents was recruited in a population-based survey. Using random telephone numbers, respondents completed a structured questionnaire by telephone interviews at the 'pre-community spread phase' of the H1N1 epidemic in Hong Kong. Results This study found that 76.5% of the respondents currently avoided going out or visiting crowded places or hospitals, whilst 15% felt much worried about contracting H1N1 and 6% showed signs of emotional distress. Females, older respondents, those having unconfirmed beliefs about modes of transmissions, and those feeling worried and emotionally distressed due to H1N1 outbreak were more likely than others to adopt some avoidance behaviors. Those who perceived high severity and susceptibility of getting H1N1 and doubted the adequacy of governmental preparedness were more likely than others to feel emotionally distressed. Conclusions The prevalence of avoidance behaviors was very high. Cognitions, including unconfirmed beliefs about modes of transmission, perceived severity and susceptibility were associated with some of the avoidance behaviors and emotional distress variables. Public health education should therefore provide clear messages to rectify relevant perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Lau JT, Kim JH, Tsui HY. Prevalence and Sociocultural Predictors of Sexual Dysfunction among Chinese Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hong Kong. J Sex Med 2008; 5:2766-79. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Lau JTF, Kim JH, Tsui HY. Prevalence and psychosocial factors associated with being bothered by nonavailability of sexual partners among Hong Kong Chinese: a population-based study. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2007; 33:255-69. [PMID: 17454523 DOI: 10.1080/00926230601098514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of being bothered by sexual-partner non availability (SPNA), associated risk factors, and associations with mental health and sexual satisfaction using a computer-assisted telephone survey. A random sample of 3257 and 1568 Chinese male and female respondents (aged 18-59) were interviewed. Sexual partner non-availability was highest in the male nonmarried/noncohabitating group, (18.6%) and the prevalence ranged from 1.4% to 7.9% for other age-sex subgroups. Younger age and male gender were associated with SPNA. Being bothered by SPNA was significantly associated with mental health and vitality quality of life, general life satisfaction, and sexual satisfaction (OR = 1.41 to 5.21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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26
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Shindel AW, Naughton CK. Sexual pain in women: Etiology, management, and directions for future research. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-006-0007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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