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Athanasopoulou K, Chondrou V, Xiropotamos P, Psarias G, Vasilopoulos Y, Georgakilas GK, Sgourou A. Transcriptional repression of lncRNA and miRNA subsets mediated by LRF during erythropoiesis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1097-1112. [PMID: 37486375 PMCID: PMC10482784 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) species, mainly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been currently imputed for lesser or greater involvement in human erythropoiesis. These RNA subsets operate within a complex circuit with other epigenetic components and transcription factors (TF) affecting chromatin remodeling during cell differentiation. Lymphoma/leukemia-related (LRF) TF exerts higher occupancy on DNA CpG rich sites and is implicated in several differentiation cell pathways and erythropoiesis among them and also directs the epigenetic regulation of hemoglobin transversion from fetal (HbF) to adult (HbA) form by intervening in the γ-globin gene repression. We intended to investigate LRF activity in the evolving landscape of cells' commitment to the erythroid lineage and specifically during HbF to HbA transversion, to qualify this TF as potential repressor of lncRNAs and miRNAs. Transgenic human erythroleukemia cells, overexpressing LRF and further induced to erythropoiesis, were subjected to expression analysis in high LRF occupancy genetic loci-producing lncRNAs. LRF abundance in genetic loci transcribing for studied lncRNAs was determined by ChIP-Seq data analysis. qPCRs were performed to examine lncRNA expression status. Differentially expressed miRNA pre- and post-erythropoiesis induction were assessed by next-generation sequencing (NGS), and their promoter regions were charted. Expression levels of lncRNAs were correlated with DNA methylation status of flanked CpG islands, and contingent co-regulation of hosted miRNAs was considered. LRF-binding sites were overrepresented in LRF overexpressing cell clones during erythropoiesis induction and exerted a significant suppressive effect towards lncRNAs and miRNA collections. Based on present data interpretation, LRF's multiplied binding capacity across genome is suggested to be transient and associated with higher levels of DNA methylation. KEY MESSAGES: During erythropoiesis, LRF displays extensive occupancy across genetic loci. LRF significantly represses subsets of lncRNAs and miRNAs during erythropoiesis. Promoter region CpG islands' methylation levels affect lncRNA expression. MiRNAs embedded within lncRNA loci show differential regulation of expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Athanasopoulou
- Biology Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Chondrou
- Biology Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Xiropotamos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Psarias
- Biology Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece
| | - Yiannis Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios K. Georgakilas
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larisa, Greece
| | - Argyro Sgourou
- Biology Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece
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Association of long non-coding RNA and leukemia: A systematic review. Gene 2020; 735:144405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yang J, Wang X. Role of long non-coding RNAs in lymphoma: A systematic review and clinical perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 141:13-22. [PMID: 31202125 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are over 200 nucleotides in length, and they rarely act as templates for protein synthesis. Mounting studies have shown that lncRNAs play a crucial regulatory role in various processes that sustain life, such as epigenetic regulation, cell cycle control, splicing, and post-transcriptional regulation. LncRNAs were aberrantly expressed in most hematological malignancies including lymphoma, participating in tumor suppression or promoting oncogenesis and modulating key genes in different pathways. The specific expression patterns of lncRNAs in lymphoma make them good candidates to be used as diagnostic biomarkers or as therapeutic targets. LncRNAs can be targeted by multiple approaches including nucleic acid therapeutics, CRISPR/Cas genome editing techniques, small molecule inhibitors, and gene therapy. Efforts are made to develop therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting lncRNAs, but there are still some avenues to be covered before they can be applied to the clinical treatment of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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4
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Wu ZR, Yan L, Liu YT, Cao L, Guo YH, Zhang Y, Yao H, Cai L, Shang HB, Rui WW, Yang G, Zhang XB, Tang H, Wang Y, Huang JY, Wei YX, Zhao WG, Su B, Wu ZB. Inhibition of mTORC1 by lncRNA H19 via disrupting 4E-BP1/Raptor interaction in pituitary tumours. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4624. [PMID: 30397197 PMCID: PMC6218470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNA H19 has been associated with tumour progression, but the underlying molecular tumourigenesis mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report that H19 expression is frequently downregulated in human primary pituitary adenomas and is negatively correlated with tumour progression. Consistently, upregulation of H19 expression inhibits pituitary tumour cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. Importantly, we uncover a function of H19, which controls cell/tumour growth through inhibiting function of mTORC1 but not mTORC2. Mechanistically, we show that H19 could block mTORC1-mediated 4E-BP1 phosphorylation without affecting S6K1 activation. At the molecular level, H19 interacted with 4E-BP1 at the TOS motif and competitively inhibited 4E-BP1 binding to Raptor. Finally, we demonstrate that H19 is more effective than cabergoline treatment in the suppression of pituitary tumours. Together, our study uncovered the role of H19-mTOR-4E-BP1 axis in pituitary tumour growth regulation that may be a potential therapeutic target for human pituitary tumours. LncRNA H19 has been shown to be aberrantly expressed in different cancers. Here, the authors show that H19 lncRNA is downregulated in pituitary adenomas and H19 is able to impede pituitary tumorigenesis via disruption of 4E-BPB1 and Raptor interaction to inhibit the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Rui Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichong Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ting Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Han Bing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei Rui
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 410000, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Biao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200127, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhe Bao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
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Nobili L, Lionetti M, Neri A. Long non-coding RNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50666-50681. [PMID: 27177333 PMCID: PMC5226612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as ncRNAs of more than 200 nt in length. They are involved in a large spectrum of biological processes, such as maintenance of genome integrity, genomic imprinting, cell differentiation, and development by means of mechanisms that remain to be fully elucidated. Besides their role in normal cellular physiology, accumulating evidence has linked lncRNA expression and functions to cancer development and progression. In this review, we summarize and discuss what is known about their expression and roles in hematopoiesis with a particular focus on their cell-type speciï¬city, functional interactions, and involvement in the pathobiology of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Nobili
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Lionetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the discovery of several classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are indispensable for the regulation of cellular processes. Many of these RNAs are regulatory in nature with functions in gene expression regulation such as piwi-interacting RNAs, small interfering RNAs and micro RNAs. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise the most recently characterized class. LncRNAs are involved in transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, imprinting, splicing, and translation, among other critical functions in the cell. Recent studies have elucidated the importance of lncRNAs in hematopoietic development. Dysregulation of lncRNA expression is a feature of various diseases and cancers, and is also seen in hematopoietic malignancies. This article focuses on lncRNAs that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma I Rodríguez-Malavé
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles
| | - Dinesh S Rao
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles
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7
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Imprinted genes in myeloid lineage commitment in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Leukemia 2015; 29:1233-42. [PMID: 25703588 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is characterized by the parent-of-origin monoallelic expression of several diploid genes because of epigenetic regulation. Imprinted genes (IGs) are key factors in development, supporting the ability of a genotype to produce phenotypes in response to environmental stimuli. IGs are highly expressed during prenatal stages but are downregulated after birth. They also affect aspects of life other than growth such as cognition, behavior, adaption to novel environments, social dominance and memory consolidation. Deregulated genomic imprinting leads to developmental disorders and is associated with solid and blood cancer as well. Several data have been published highlighting the involvement of IGs in as early as the very small embryonic-like stem cells stage and further during myeloid lineage commitment in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Therefore, we have assembled the current knowledge on the topic, based mainly on recent findings, trying not to focus on a particular cluster but rather to have a global view of several different IGs in hematopoiesis.
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Beerman I, Rossi DJ. Epigenetic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell aging. Exp Cell Res 2014; 329:192-9. [PMID: 25261778 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aging is invariably associated with alterations of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment, including loss of functional capacity, altered clonal composition, and changes in lineage contribution. Although accumulation of DNA damage occurs during HSC aging, it is unlikely such consistent aging phenotypes could be solely attributed to changes in DNA integrity. Another mechanism by which heritable traits could contribute to the changes in the functional potential of aged HSCs is through alterations in the epigenetic landscape of adult stem cells. Indeed, recent studies on hematopoietic stem cells have suggested that altered epigenetic profiles are associated with HSC aging and play a key role in modulating the functional potential of HSCs at different stages during ontogeny. Even small changes of the epigenetic landscape can lead to robustly altered expression patterns, either directly by loss of regulatory control or through indirect, additive effects, ultimately leading to transcriptional changes of the stem cells. Potential drivers of such changes in the epigenetic landscape of aged HSCs include proliferative history, DNA damage, and deregulation of key epigenetic enzymes and complexes. This review will focus largely on the two most characterized epigenetic marks - DNA methylation and histone modifications - but will also discuss the potential role of non-coding RNAs in regulating HSC function during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Beerman
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children׳s Hospital, MA 02116, USA.
| | - Derrick J Rossi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children׳s Hospital, MA 02116, USA
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9
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Wei P, Han B, Chen Y. Role of long non-coding RNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2013; 56:867-75. [PMID: 24030284 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-013-4550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as a class of nonprotein-coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides in length, which have diverse functions in development and diseases including hematopoiesis. Recent advances have revealed that lncRNAs regulate hematopoietic development at almost every stage, including differentiation of the myelocyte, lymphocyte, and erythrocyte. Abnormal regulation of the lncRNAs may block aspects of blood development, which can lead to different types of hematopoietic disorders. These findings highlight the role of lncRNAs as potential therapeutic tools in malignant hematopoiesis. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the study of functional lncRNAs associated with blood development, as well as dysregulated lncRNAs involved in diverse blood diseases by interacting with crucial susceptibility genes in different pathways. In addition, we discuss genome-wide studies on lncRNAs, which are helpful for genome screening and in-depth functional study of lncRNAs associated with blood development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Garitano-Trojaola A, Agirre X, Prósper F, Fortes P. Long non-coding RNAs in haematological malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:15386-422. [PMID: 23887658 PMCID: PMC3759866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140815386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are functional RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs are as diverse as mRNAs and they normally share the same biosynthetic machinery based on RNA polymerase II, splicing and polyadenylation. However, lncRNAs have low coding potential. Compared to mRNAs, lncRNAs are preferentially nuclear, more tissue specific and expressed at lower levels. Most of the lncRNAs described to date modulate the expression of specific genes by guiding chromatin remodelling factors; inducing chromosomal loopings; affecting transcription, splicing, translation or mRNA stability; or serving as scaffolds for the organization of cellular structures. They can function in cis, cotranscriptionally, or in trans, acting as decoys, scaffolds or guides. These functions seem essential to allow cell differentiation and growth. In fact, many lncRNAs have been shown to exert oncogenic or tumor suppressor properties in several cancers including haematological malignancies. In this review, we summarize what is known about lncRNAs, the mechanisms for their regulation in cancer and their role in leukemogenesis, lymphomagenesis and hematopoiesis. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of lncRNAs in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy in cancer, with special attention to haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andoni Garitano-Trojaola
- Laboratory of Myeloproliferative Syndromes, Oncology Area, Foundation for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; E-Mails: (A.G.-T.); (X.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Xabier Agirre
- Laboratory of Myeloproliferative Syndromes, Oncology Area, Foundation for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; E-Mails: (A.G.-T.); (X.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Laboratory of Myeloproliferative Syndromes, Oncology Area, Foundation for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; E-Mails: (A.G.-T.); (X.A.); (F.P.)
- Hematology Service and Area of Cell Therapy, University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Puri Fortes
- Department of Hepatology and Gene Therapy, Foundation for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
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Erdogan B, Bosompem A, Peng D, Han L, Smith E, Kennedy ME, Alford CE, Wu H, Zhao Z, Mosse CA, El-Rifai W, Kim AS. Methylation of promoters of microRNAs and their host genes in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:2720-7. [PMID: 23547841 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.790542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of hematopoietic malignancies characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis. Recently, we identified MDS-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) that are down-regulated in MDS. This study examines possible explanations for that observed down-regulation of miRNA expression in MDS. Since genomic losses are insufficient to explain the down-regulation of all our MDS-associated miRNAs, we explored other avenues. We demonstrate that these miRNAs are predominantly intragenic, and that, in many cases, they and their host genes are expressed in a similar pattern during myeloid maturation, suggesting their co-regulation. This co-regulation is further supported by the down-regulation of several of the host genes in MDS and increased methylation of the shared promoters of several miRNAs and their respective host genes. These studies identify a role of hypermethylation of miRNA promoters in the down-regulation of MDS-associated miRNAs, unifying research on miRNAs in MDS and epigenetic regulation in MDS into a common pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Erdogan
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology
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Bock O, Tessema M, Serinsöz E, von Wasielewski R, Büsche G, Kreipe H. Aberrant expression of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) in Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Leuk Res 2004; 28:1145-51. [PMID: 15380337 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2004.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders (Ph- CMPD) comprise haematopoietic stem cell disorders with currently unknown underlying molecular defect. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is an imprinted gene that is known to be involved in the regulation of normal cell growth and that is overexpressed by a variety of tumors. The expression of IGF-2 in bone marrow cells is largely unknown. In order to elucidate gene expression level, protein expression pattern, and a potential role of IGF-2 in the pathogenesis of Ph- CMPD, we quantitatively analyzed the expression of the IGF-2 gene in bone marrow cells of 69 cases with Ph- CMPD and 31 control cases by applying real-time RT-PCR. IGF-2 gene expression in idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) was significantly increased by up to 11-fold as compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). IMF also expressed higher IGF-2 gene level as compared to essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and polycythaemia vera (PV) (P < 0.0001, P = 0.005, respectively). Paranuclear IGF-2 protein could be demonstrated in IMF, ET, and PV exclusively in megakaryocytes and myeloid progenitor cells in contrast to undetectable IGF-2 protein in control cases. We conclude that overexpression of the IGF-2 gene is a pathogenic feature in IMF. In addition, an abundant translational and post-translational processing could explain the accumulation of IGF-2 protein detectable in all Ph- CMPD entities in contrast to non-neoplastic haematopoiesis. We conclude that IGF-2 represents a new molecular target for evaluation of underlying fundamental pathomechanisms in Ph- CMPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bock
- Institute of Pathology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Germany.
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