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Horwacik I. The Extracellular Matrix and Neuroblastoma Cell Communication-A Complex Interplay and Its Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193172. [PMID: 36231134 PMCID: PMC9564247 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric neuroendocrine neoplasm. It arises from the sympatho-adrenal lineage of neural-crest-derived multipotent progenitor cells that fail to differentiate. NB is the most common extracranial tumor in children, and it manifests undisputed heterogeneity. Unsatisfactory outcomes of high-risk (HR) NB patients call for more research to further inter-relate treatment and molecular features of the disease. In this regard, it is well established that in the tumor microenvironment (TME), malignant cells are engaged in complex and dynamic interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells. The ECM can be a source of both pro- and anti-tumorigenic factors to regulate tumor cell fate, such as survival, proliferation, and resistance to therapy. Moreover, the ECM composition, organization, and resulting signaling networks are vastly remodeled during tumor progression and metastasis. This review mainly focuses on the molecular mechanisms and effects of interactions of selected ECM components with their receptors on neuroblastoma cells. Additionally, it describes roles of enzymes modifying and degrading ECM in NB. Finally, the article gives examples on how the knowledge is exploited for prognosis and to yield new treatment options for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Sharma B, Angurana S, Bhat A, Verma S, Bakshi D, Bhat GR, Jamwal RS, Amin A, Qadri RA, Shah R, Kumar R. Genetic analysis of colorectal carcinoma using high throughput single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping technique within the population of Jammu and Kashmir. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5889-5895. [PMID: 34319543 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SNP genotyping has become increasingly more common place to understand the genetic basis of complex diseases like cancer. SNP-genotyping through MassARRAY™ is a cost-effective method to quantitatively analyse the variation of gene expression in multiple samples, making it a potential tool to identify the underlying causes of colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS In the present study, SNP genotyping was carried out using Agena MassARRAY™, which is a cost-effective, robust, and sensitive method to analyse multiple SNPs simultaneously. We analysed 7 genes in 492 samples (100 cases and 392 controls) associated with CRC within the population of Jammu and Kashmir. These SNPs were selected based on their association with multiple cancers in literature. RESULTS This is the first study to explore these SNPs with colorectal cancer within the J&K population.7 SNPs with a call rate of 90% were selected for the study. Out of these, five SNPs rs2234593, rs1799966, rs2229080, rs8034191, rs1042522 were found to be significantly associated with the current study under the allelic model with an Odds Ratio OR = 2.981(1.731-5.136 at 95% CI); p value = 4.81E-05 for rs2234593,OR = 1.685(1.073-2.647 at 95% CI);; p value = 0.02292 for rs1799966, OR = 1.5 (1.1-2.3 at 95% CI), p value = 0.02 for rs2229080, OR = 1.699(1.035-2.791 at 95% CI); p value = 0.03521 for rs8034191, OR = 20.07 (11.26-35.75); p value = 1.84E-34 for rs1042522 respectively. CONCLUSION This is the first study to find the relation of Genetic variants with the colorectal cancer within the studied population using high throughput MassARRAY™ technology. It is further anticipated that the variants should be evaluated in other population groups that may aid in understanding the genetic complexity and bridge the missing heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India
| | | | - Amrita Bhat
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India
| | - Sonali Verma
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India
| | - Divya Bakshi
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India
| | - Ghulam Rasool Bhat
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India
| | - Rajeshwer Singh Jamwal
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India
| | - Asif Amin
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Raies Ahmed Qadri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Ruchi Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, Katra, India.
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Rai R, Kim JJ, Misra S, Kumar A, Mittal B. A Multiple Interaction Analysis Reveals ADRB3 as a Potential Candidate for Gallbladder Cancer Predisposition via a Complex Interaction with Other Candidate Gene Variations. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28038-49. [PMID: 26602921 PMCID: PMC4691025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer is the most common and a highly aggressive biliary tract malignancy with a dismal outcome. The pathogenesis of the disease is multifactorial, comprising the combined effect of multiple genetic variations of mild consequence along with numerous dietary and environmental risk factors. Previously, we demonstrated the association of several candidate gene variations with GBC risk. In this study, we aimed to identify the combination of gene variants and their possible interactions contributing towards genetic susceptibility of GBC. Here, we performed Multifactor-Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) and Classification and Regression Tree Analysis (CRT) to investigate the gene–gene interactions and the combined effect of 14 SNPs in nine genes (DR4 (rs20576, rs6557634); FAS (rs2234767); FASL (rs763110); DCC (rs2229080, rs4078288, rs7504990, rs714); PSCA (rs2294008, rs2978974); ADRA2A (rs1801253); ADRB1 (rs1800544); ADRB3 (rs4994); CYP17 (rs2486758)) involved in various signaling pathways. Genotyping was accomplished by PCR-RFLP or Taqman allelic discrimination assays. SPSS software version 16.0 and MDR software version 2.0 were used for all the statistical analysis. Single locus investigation demonstrated significant association of DR4 (rs20576, rs6557634), DCC (rs714, rs2229080, rs4078288) and ADRB3 (rs4994) polymorphisms with GBC risk. MDR analysis revealed ADRB3 (rs4994) to be crucial candidate in GBC susceptibility that may act either alone (p < 0.0001, CVC = 10/10) or in combination with DCC (rs714 and rs2229080, p < 0.0001, CVC = 9/10). Our CRT results are in agreement with the above findings. Further, in-silico results of studied SNPs advocated their role in splicing, transcriptional and/or protein coding regulation. Overall, our result suggested complex interactions amongst the studied SNPs and ADRB3 rs4994 as candidate influencing GBC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea.
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow-226014, India.
| | - Jong Joo Kim
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea.
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow-226003, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow-226014, India.
| | - Balraj Mittal
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow-226014, India.
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Rai R, Sharma KL, Tiwari S, Misra S, Kumar A, Mittal B. DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinoma) gene variants confer increased susceptibility to gallbladder cancer (Ref. No.: Gene-D-12-01446). Gene 2013; 518:303-9. [PMID: 23353777 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM GBC is a lethal and multifaceted disease. Deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) is a well known tumor suppressor gene. Recently a small genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified DCC to be significantly associated with gallbladder cancer (GBC) susceptibility in a Japanese population sample. However, the study sample size was small and lacked independent replication. Therefore, the present study was carried out to replicate the association of two GWAS identified DCC SNPs (A>Grs4078288, C>Trs7504990) and two other SNPs (C>Grs2229080 and A>Grs714) previously associated with various cancers. METHODOLOGY The study was accomplished in 406 GBC cases and 260 healthy control samples from North India. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP and Taqman genotyping assays. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS ver16 and functional prediction of these variants was carried out using Bioinformatics tools (FAST-SNP, F-SNP). RESULT We did not observe association with GWAS-identified SNPs of DCC but other SNPs showed significant association. In addition, a DCC haplotype Grs2229080-Ars4078288-Crs7504990-Ars714 conferred high risk of GBC in India. The haplotype associated risk was independent of gallstone, sex or tobacco usages which are well-known modifiers of GBC risk. Further analysis suggested DCC A>Grs714 as a major risk conferring SNP in the Indian population. CONCLUSION This study re-affirms the role of plausible tumor suppressor DCC variants, in gallbladder carcinogenesis and the risk haplotype may be explored as a useful marker for GBC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Rai
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the expression of protein from the "deleted in colorectal cancer" (DCC) gene, which predicts a poor outcome for patients with colorectal carcinoma, can also serve as a prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression of DCC was evaluated immunohistochemically in 94 paraffin-embedded tumour samples from patients with stage T1, T2, and T3 clear cell RCC. The mean follow-up was 52.3 months. The endpoints of the study were recurrence of disease and death from disease. RESULTS The under-expression of DCC protein was detected in 63% of patients who died from the disease and in 36% with no evidence of disease. DCC protein under-expression was detected in all patients with T1 tumours who died from the disease, in half the T2 tumours and in two-thirds of T3 tumours. CONCLUSION DCC protein under-expression correlated with more aggressive tumour behaviour and a greater risk of death from RCC. However, a larger cohort of patients should be assessed before drawing definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Dekel
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva, Israel.
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Zhang H, Arbman G, Sun XF. Codon 201 polymorphism of DCC gene is a prognostic factor in patients with colorectal cancer. CANCER DETECTION AND PREVENTION 2003; 27:216-21. [PMID: 12787729 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-090x(03)00064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The polymorphism at codon 201 of the "deleted in colorectal carcinoma" (DCC) gene has been liked to susceptibility to colorectal cancer. However, its clinicopathological significance has not been reported. We examined the codon 201 polymorphism and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 59 colorectal cancers, 48 samples from transitional mucosa and 67 samples from normal mucosa. The frequencies of the polymorphism did not significantly differ from normal to transitional mucosa and to tumor, but LOH was increased from transitional mucosa to tumor. Almost all of the LOH cases showed the polymorphism. The polymorphism was increased from well/moderately to poorly differentiated and to mucinous carcinoma (P=0.03). The polymorphism was more frequently seen in advanced stages than in earlier stages (P=0.02), and further predicted worse survival (P=0.04). The data suggest that the codon 201 polymorphism of the DCC gene was a target of LOH, and predicted prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Linköping, S-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Hall RJ, Merriman ME, Green RA, Markham VH, Smyth DJ, Heward JM, Jennings CE, Braithwaite AW, Cundy T, Darlow BA, Gow PJ, Harrison AA, Highton J, Hunt PJ, Manning P, Pokorny V, Scott RS, Taylor BJ, Willis JA, Yeoman S, McLean L, Gough SCL, Pearce SH, Merriman TR. The deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) gene 201 R → G polymorphism: no evidence for genetic association with autoimmune disease. Eur J Hum Genet 2003; 11:840-4. [PMID: 14571268 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The product of the deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) gene has a role in apoptosis and is a positional candidate for IDDM6, the putative chromosome 18q12-q23 autoimmune disease locus. We hypothesised that a nonconservative substitution (DCC 201 R --> G; nucleotide (nt) 601 C --> G), located in an extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain of DCC, is an aetiological determinant of autoimmunity. We tested this hypothesis by genetically testing the nt 601 C --> G polymorphism for association with three autoimmune phenotypes in a large population-based case-control study. There was no evidence for association of DCC nt 601 C --> G with autoimmune disease in cohorts comprising 2253 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes and Graves' disease, and 2225 control subjects, from New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Furthermore, using the transmission disequilibrium test, there was no significant evidence for biased transmission of the nt 601 C --> G polymorphism to probands within a 382 family type I diabetes affected sibpair cohort from the United Kingdom. Thus, the DCC 201 R --> G polymorphism does not appreciably influence risk of developing the autoimmune diseases tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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