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Shang Y, Mo J, Huo R, Li X, Fang G, Wei Z, Gu G, Zhu X, Zhang C, Liu C, Yan D. Investigation of the prevalence and clinical implications of ERBB2 exon 16 skipping mutations in Chinese pan-cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1064598. [PMID: 36686783 PMCID: PMC9859631 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1064598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although rare, ERBB2 exon 16 skipping mutations (ERBB2ΔEx16) have been implicated in resistance to anti-HER2 and anti-EGFR targeted agents. Our study investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of ERBB2ΔEx16 in Chinese pan-cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively screened 40996 patients, spanning 19 cancer types, who had available genomic profiles acquired with DNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS). We characterized the clinical and molecular features of the ERBB2ΔEx16-positive patients. Furthermore, we also analyzed a pan-cancer dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n=8705). Results A total of 22 patients were detected with ERBB2ΔEx16, resulting in an overall prevalence rate of 0.054% (22/40996). Of them, 16 patients had lung cancer (LC; 0.05%, 16/30890), five patients had gastric cancer (GC; 0.35%, 5/1448), and one patient had ovarian cancer (0.12%, 1/826). Among the 16 LC patients, ERBB2ΔEx16 was detected in four treatment-naïve EGFR/ALK-negative patients and 12 EGFR-positive patients after the onset of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The treatment-naïve patients harbored no LC-associated oncogenic drivers except ERBB2 amplification, suggesting a potential oncogenic role for ERBB2ΔEx16. Consistently, ERBB2ΔEx16+ patients from TCGA data also carried no known drivers despite various concurrent alterations. In the 12 EGFR TKI-resistant LC patients, relative variant frequencies for ERBB2ΔEx16 were lower than in untreated patients, suggesting ERBB2ΔEx16 as secondary alterations following TKI treatment and thereby implicating ERBB2ΔEx16 in mediating therapeutic resistance. Conclusions Our study identified an overall ERBB2ΔEx16 prevalence rate of 0.054% and provided insights into the clinical implications of ERBB2ΔEx16 in Chinese pan-cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Shang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Baoding, China
| | - Jianming Mo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Baoding, China
| | - Guotao Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Baoding, China
| | - Zichun Wei
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guomin Gu
- Second Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Second Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunling Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical, Urumqi, China,*Correspondence: Dong Yan, ; Chunling Liu,
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dong Yan, ; Chunling Liu,
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Bao R, Ng A, Sasaki M, Esai Selvan M, Katti A, Lee H, Huang L, Skol AD, Lavarino C, Salvador H, Klein RJ, Gümüş ZH, Mora J, Onel K. Functional Common and Rare ERBB2 Germline Variants Cooperate in Familial and Sporadic Cancer Susceptibility. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:441-454. [PMID: 33419763 PMCID: PMC8026518 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a Spanish and Catalan family in which multiple cancer types tracked across three generations, but for which no genetic etiology had been identified. Whole-exome sequencing of germline DNA from multiple affected family members was performed to identify candidate variants to explain this occurrence of familial cancer. We discovered in all cancer-affected family members a single rare heterozygous germline variant (I654V, rs1801201) in ERBB2/HER2, which is located in a transmembrane glycine zipper motif critical for ERBB2-mediated signaling and in complete linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1) with a common polymorphism (I655V, rs1136201) previously reported in some populations as associated with cancer risk. Because multiple cancer types occurred in this family, we tested both the I654V and the I655V variants for association with cancer across multiple tumor types in 6,371 cases of Northern European ancestry drawn from The Cancer Genome Atlas and 6,647 controls, and found that the rare variant (I654V) was significantly associated with an increased risk for cancer (OR = 1.40; P = 0.021; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.89). Functional assays performed in HEK 293T cells revealed that both the I655V single mutant (SM) and the I654V;I655V double mutant (DM) stabilized ERBB2 protein and activated ERBB2 signaling, with the DM activating ERBB2 significantly more than the SM alone. Thus, our results suggest a model whereby heritable genetic variation in the transmembrane domain activating ERBB2 signaling is associated with both sporadic and familial cancer risk, with increased ERBB2 stabilization and activation associated with increased cancer risk. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: By performing whole-exome sequencing on germline DNA from multiple cancer-affected individuals belonging to a family in which multiple cancer types track across three generations, we identified and then characterized functional common and rare variation in ERBB2 associated with both sporadic and familial cancer. Our results suggest that heritable variation activating ERBB2 signaling is associated with risk for multiple cancer types, with increases in signaling correlated with increases in risk, and modified by ancestry or family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyue Bao
- Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anita Ng
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Mark Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Myvizhi Esai Selvan
- The Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alyna Katti
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hyesan Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Andrew D Skol
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona (PCCB), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hector Salvador
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona (PCCB), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert J Klein
- The Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zeynep H Gümüş
- The Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jaume Mora
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona (PCCB), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kenan Onel
- The Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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3
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Elwaie TA, Abbas SE, Aly EI, George RF, Ali H, Kraiouchkine N, Abdelwahed KS, Fandy TE, El Sayed KA, Abd Elmageed ZY, Ali HI. HER2 Kinase-Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Novel Lapatinib Congeners as Selective and Potent HER2 Inhibitors with Favorable Metabolic Stability. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15906-15945. [PMID: 33314925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
HER2 kinase as a well-established target for breast cancer (BC) therapy is associated with aggressive clinical outcomes; thus, herein we present structural optimization for HER2-selective targeting. HER2 profiling of the developed derivatives demonstrated potent and selective inhibitions (IC50: 5.4-12 nM) compared to lapatinib (IC50: 95.5 nM). Favorably, 17d exhibited minimum off-target kinase activation. NCI-5-dose screening revealed broad-spectrum activities (GI50: 1.43-2.09 μM) and 17d had a remarkable selectivity toward BC. Our compounds revealed significant selective and potent antiproliferative activities (∼20-fold) against HER2+ (AU565, BT474) compared to HER2(-) cells. At 0.1 IC50, 15i, 17d, and 25b inhibited pERK1/2 and pAkt by immunoblotting. Furthermore, 17d demonstrated potent in vivo tumor regression against the BT474 xenograft model. Notably, a metastasis case was observed in the vehicle but not in the test mice groups. CD-1 mice metabolic stability assay revealed high stability and low intrinsic clearance of 17d (T1/2 > 145 min and CLint(mic) < 9.6 mL/min/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer A Elwaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Kingsville, Texas 78363, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Safinaz E Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Enayat I Aly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Riham F George
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hamdy Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Kingsville, Texas 78363, United States
| | - Nikolai Kraiouchkine
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412, United States
| | - Khaldoun S Abdelwahed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - Tamer E Fandy
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Charleston, Charleston, West Virginia 25304, United States
| | - Khalid A El Sayed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Kingsville, Texas 78363, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71203, United States
| | - Hamed I Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Kingsville, Texas 78363, United States
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4
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Ju Y, Wang L, Ta S, Shu R, Yang S, Gao X, Song H, Liu L. A germline alteration of ERBB2 increases the risk of breast cancer in Chinese Han women with a familial history of malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2885-2890. [PMID: 31452768 PMCID: PMC6704318 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that a family history of breast cancer is considered a risk factor, and hereditary factors may be involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. Next-generation sequencing techniques were used to analyze 111 cancer-associated genes in patients with breast cancer with a familial history of malignant tumors in the pre-experiment and a novel variant, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2) c.338G>A: p.R113Q was identified in two cases of breast cancer. ERBB2 is considered an important oncogene, and overexpression or mutation of the ERBB2 gene may lead to the occurrence or metastasis of tumors. To assess a potential association between rs185670819 and breast cancer, 117 patients with breast cancer and a familial history of any cancer, who were diagnosed by experienced pathologists at the Xijing Hospital (Shaanxi, China) between July 2015 and December 2016, were recruited. The presence of the missense variant was confirmed using bi-directional Sanger sequencing of samples from the patients with breast cancer and 250 healthy controls. The effects of the missense mutation on the structure and function of ERBB2 were analyzed in silico. The missense variant, R113Q, in patients with breast cancer with a familial history of malignant tumors in China, was present in 8 patients [6.8% (95% CI: 3.21–13.45)] and 3 of 250 healthy controls [1.2% (95% CI: 0.31–3.76; OR=6.04, 95% CI: 1.573–23.214, P=0.009)]. Of the 8 patients with the R113Q variant, 6 patients had a family history of cancer of the digestive system. The present study suggests that ERBB2 c.338G>A: p.R113Q may be a potential risk factor in the development and progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ju
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Ta
- Department of Ultrasound, Yan'an People's Hospital, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Shu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Shanling Yang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xican Gao
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Song
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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5
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Gu S, Hu Z, Ngamcherdtrakul W, Castro DJ, Morry J, Reda MM, Gray JW, Yantasee W. Therapeutic siRNA for drug-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:14727-41. [PMID: 26894975 PMCID: PMC4924747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2 is overexpressed in about 20% of breast cancers and contributes to poor prognosis. Unfortunately, a large fraction of patients have primary or acquired resistance to the HER2-targeted therapy trastuzumab, thus a multi-drug combination is utilized in the clinic, putting significant burden on patients. We systematically identified an optimal HER2 siRNA from 76 potential sequences and demonstrated its utility in overcoming intrinsic and acquired resistance to trastuzumab and lapatinib in 18 HER2-positive cancer cell lines. We provided evidence that the drug-resistant cancer maintains dependence on HER2 for survival. Importantly, cell lines did not readily develop resistance following extended treatment with HER2 siRNA. Using our recently developed nanoparticle platform, systemic delivery of HER2 siRNA to trastuzumab-resistant tumors resulted in significant growth inhibition. Moreover, the optimal HER2 siRNA could also silence an exon 16 skipped HER2 splice variant reported to be highly oncogenic and linked to trastuzumab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenda Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Worapol Ngamcherdtrakul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - David J. Castro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Jingga Morry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Moataz M. Reda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Joe W. Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Wassana Yantasee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
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6
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Hu S, Sun Y, Meng Y, Wang X, Yang W, Fu W, Guo H, Qian W, Hou S, Li B, Rao Z, Lou Z, Guo Y. Molecular architecture of the ErbB2 extracellular domain homodimer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1695-706. [PMID: 25633808 PMCID: PMC4359325 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptors (HERs or ErbBs) play crucial roles in numerous cellular processes. ErbB2 is a key member of ErbB family, and its overexpression is recognized as a frequent molecular abnormality. In cancer, this overexpression correlates with aggressive disease and poor patient outcomes. Dimer-dependent phosphorylation is a key event for the signal transduction of ErbBs. However, the molecular mechanism of the dimerization of ErbB2 remains elusive. In the present work, we report the homodimer architecture of the ErbB2 extracellular domain (ECD) which is unique compared with other dimer-models of ErbBs. The structure of the ErbB2 ECD homodimer represents a "back to head" interaction, in which a protruding β-hairpin arm in domain II of one ErbB2 protomer is inserted into a C-shaped pocket created by domains I-III of the adjacent ErbB2 protomer. This dimerized architecture and its impact on the phosphorylation of ErbB2 intracellular domain were further verified by a mutagenesis study. We also elucidated the different impacts of two clinically administered therapeutic antibodies, trastuzumab and pertuzumab, on ErbB2 dimerization. This information not only provides an understanding of the molecular mechanism of ErbBs dimerization but also elucidates ErbB2-targeted therapy at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Hu
- International Joint Cancer Institute & Translational Medicine Research Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.,National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Structural Biology and MOE Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yuna Sun
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Structural Biology and MOE Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Meng
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Weili Yang
- Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Fu
- Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute & Translational Medicine Research Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- International Joint Cancer Institute & Translational Medicine Research Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Hou
- International Joint Cancer Institute & Translational Medicine Research Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, P.R. China
| | - Bohua Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute & Translational Medicine Research Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China
| | - Zihe Rao
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Structural Biology and MOE Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Lou
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and MOE Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute & Translational Medicine Research Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, P.R. China
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7
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Peckys DB, Korf U, de Jonge N. Local variations of HER2 dimerization in breast cancer cells discovered by correlative fluorescence and liquid electron microscopy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500165. [PMID: 26601217 PMCID: PMC4646781 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of HER2 homodimers plays an important role in breast cancer aggressiveness and progression; however, little is known about its localization. We have studied the intra- and intercellular variation of HER2 at the single-molecule level in intact SKBR3 breast cancer cells. Whole cells were visualized in hydrated state with correlative fluorescence microscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The locations of individual HER2 receptors were detected using an anti-HER2 affibody in combination with a quantum dot (QD), a fluorescent nanoparticle. Fluorescence microscopy revealed considerable differences of HER2 membrane expression between individual cells and between different membrane regions of the same cell (that is, membrane ruffles and flat areas). Subsequent ESEM of the corresponding cellular regions provided images of individually labeled HER2 receptors. The high spatial resolution of 3 nm and the close proximity between the QD and the receptor allowed quantifying the stoichiometry of HER2 complexes, distinguishing between monomers, dimers, and higher-order clusters. Downstream data analysis based on calculating the pair correlation function from receptor positions showed that cellular regions exhibiting membrane ruffles contained a substantial fraction of HER2 in homodimeric state. Larger-order clusters were also present. Membrane areas with homogeneous membrane topography, on the contrary, displayed HER2 in random distribution. Second, HER2 homodimers appeared to be absent from a small subpopulation of cells exhibiting a flat membrane topography, possibly resting cells. Local differences in homodimer presence may point toward functional differences with possible relevance for studying metastasis and drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana B. Peckys
- INM—Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ulrike Korf
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels de Jonge
- INM—Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Saarland, Campus A5 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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8
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Prat M, Oltolina F, Basilico C. Monoclonal Antibodies against the MET/HGF Receptor and Its Ligand: Multitask Tools with Applications from Basic Research to Therapy. Biomedicines 2014; 2:359-383. [PMID: 28548076 PMCID: PMC5344273 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines2040359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies can be seen as valuable tools for many aspects of basic as well as applied sciences. In the case of MET/HGFR, they allowed the identification of truncated isoforms of the receptor, as well as the dissection of different epitopes, establishing structure-function relationships. Antibodies directed against MET extracellular domain were found to be full or partial receptor agonists or antagonists. The agonists can mimic the effects of the different isoforms of the natural ligand, but with the advantage of being more stable than the latter. Thus, some agonist antibodies promote all the biological responses triggered by MET activation, including motility, proliferation, morphogenesis, and protection from apoptosis, while others can induce only a migratory response. On the other hand, antagonists can inhibit MET-driven biological functions either by competing with the ligand or by removing the receptor from the cell surface. Since MET/HGFR is often over-expressed and/or aberrantly activated in tumors, monoclonal antibodies can be used as probes for MET detection or as "bullets" to target MET-expressing tumor cells, thus pointing to their use in diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Prat
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Francesca Oltolina
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Cristina Basilico
- Laboratory of Exploratory Research, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Str. Prov. 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy.
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9
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ErbB receptors and their growth factor ligands in pediatric intestinal inflammation. Pediatr Res 2014; 75:127-32. [PMID: 24402051 PMCID: PMC4005598 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ErbB tyrosine kinases (epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2/HER2, ErbB3, and ErbB4) are cell surface growth factor receptors widely expressed in many developing mammalian tissues, including in the intestinal tract. Signaling elicited by these receptors promotes epithelial cell growth and survival, and ErbB ligands have been proposed as therapeutic agents for intestinal diseases of pediatric populations, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and inflammation associated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Furthermore, emerging evidence points to reduced ErbB ligand expression and thus reduced ErbB activity in IBD, NEC, and TPN models. This review will discuss the current understanding of the role of ErbB receptors in the pathogenesis and potential treatment of pediatric intestinal inflammation, with focus on the altered signaling in disease and the molecular mechanisms by which exogenous ligands are protective.
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Kaumaya PTP, Foy KC. Peptide vaccines and targeting HER and VEGF proteins may offer a potentially new paradigm in cancer immunotherapy. Future Oncol 2012; 8:961-87. [PMID: 22894670 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ErbB family (HER-1, HER-2, HER-3 and HER-4) of receptor tyrosine kinases has been the focus of cancer immunotherapeutic strategies while antiangiogenic therapies have focused on VEGF and its receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. Agents targeting receptor tyrosine kinases in oncology include therapeutic antibodies to receptor tyrosine kinase ligands or the receptors themselves, and small-molecule inhibitors. Many of the US FDA-approved therapies targeting HER-2 and VEGF exhibit unacceptable toxicities, and show problems of efficacy, development of resistance and unacceptable safety profiles that continue to hamper their clinical progress. The combination of different peptide vaccines and peptidomimetics targeting specific molecular pathways that are dysregulated in tumors may potentiate anticancer immune responses, bypass immune tolerance and circumvent resistance mechanisms. The focus of this review is to discuss efforts in our laboratory spanning two decades of rationally developing peptide vaccines and therapeutics for breast cancer. This review highlights the prospective benefit of a new, untapped category of therapies biologically targeted to EGF receptor (HER-1), HER-2 and VEGF with potential peptide 'blockbusters' that could lay the foundation of a new paradigm in cancer immunotherapy by creating clinical breakthroughs for safe and efficacious cancer cures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin T P Kaumaya
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital & Solove Research Institute & the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Nejatollahi F, Asgharpour M, Jaberipour M. Down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by anti-Her2/neu single chain antibodies. Med Oncol 2011; 29:378-83. [PMID: 21267676 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9796-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
HER-2/neu is overexpressed in 25-30% of breast tumors. Signaling through HER-2/neu leads to an increase in the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and enhances angiogenesis. We evaluated the effects of three specific anti-HER2/neu single chain-Fv (scFv) antibodies on the expression level of VEGF in HER2/neu-expressing breast cancer cell lines. A nonimmunized human scFv library was panned against three epitopes of HER2/neu. BT-474 human breast cancer cell line was treated with three specific anti-HER2/neu scFv antibodies and the amount of VEGF gene transcript was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of VEGF protein was analyzed by western blot. All three scFv antibodies along with their combination inhibited VEGF expression at both the gene and protein levels. Our results show that anti-HER2/neu recombinant antibodies can be considered as anti-angiogenic agents in HER2/neu-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Nejatollahi
- Recombinant Antibody Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Graduate School for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kassouf W, Dinney CPN, Brown G, McConkey DJ, Diehl AJ, Bar-Eli M, Adam L. Uncoupling between epidermal growth factor receptor and downstream signals defines resistance to the antiproliferative effect of Gefitinib in bladder cancer cells. Cancer Res 2006; 65:10524-35. [PMID: 16288045 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and downstream signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt and Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), have been implicated in causing resistance to EGFR-targeted therapy in solid tumors, including the urogenital tumors. To investigate the mechanism of resistance to EGFR inhibition in bladder cancer, we compared EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Gefitinib, Iressa, ZD1839) with respect to its inhibitory effects on three kinases situated downstream of EGFR: MAPK, Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta). We found that the resistance to the antiproliferative effects of gefitinib, in vitro as well as in vivo in nude mice models, was associated with uncoupling between EGFR and MAPK inhibition, and that GSK-3beta activation and degradation of its target cyclin D1 were indicators of a high cell sensitivity to gefitinib. Further analysis of one phenotypic sensitive (253J B-V) and resistant (UM-UC13) cell lines revealed that platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFRbeta) activation was responsible for short circuiting the EGFR/MAPK pathway for mitogenic stimuli. However, invasion as well as actin dynamics were efficiently reduced by EGFR inhibition in UM-UC13. Chemical disruption of signaling pathways or of PDGFR kinase activity significantly reduced the inactive pool of cellular GSK-3beta in UM-UC13 cells. In conclusion, our data show that the uncoupling of EGFR with mitogenic pathways can cause resistance to EGFR inhibition in bladder cancer. Although this uncoupling may arise through different mechanisms, we suggest that the resistance of bladder cancer cells to EGFR blockade can be predicted early in the course of treatment by measuring the activation of GSK-3beta and of nuclear cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Kassouf
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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13
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Wang Q, Greene MI. EGFR enhances Survivin expression through the phosphoinositide 3 (PI-3) kinase signaling pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2005; 79:100-7. [PMID: 15975575 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2005.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2005] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases includes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p185/neu/c-erbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4. Many of these receptors are overexpressed or amplified in various forms of cancers. Previous studies have indicated that activation of erbB molecules contributes to malignant transformation both by promoting cell proliferation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) signaling pathway and by preventing apoptosis through the Phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI-3 kinase) pathway. Disabling erbB receptors converts malignant cells that were resistant to cell death caused by irradiation to cells that are sensitive to apoptosis. Here, we report that an activated form of EGFR can elevate the levels of Survivin, a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) family implicated in mitotic checkpoint control. Conversely, inactivation of the ErbB receptors reduces the expression levels of Survivin. Furthermore, we found that upregulation of Survivin by EGFR is dependent on the PI-3 kinase pathway but not on the MAP kinase pathway. Indeed, inhibition of PI-3 kinase can diminish Survivin at both the mRNA and the protein levels. Combined with previous findings that Survivin plays a role in control of chromosome segregation and that it is overexpressed in various cancers, our results suggest that EGFR may cause transformation by directly affecting mitosis and increasing chromosome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Marmor MD, Skaria KB, Yarden Y. Signal transduction and oncogenesis by ErbB/HER receptors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 58:903-13. [PMID: 14967450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2003.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2003] [Accepted: 06/25/2003] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors enable cells to escape irradiation-induced death (apoptosis). One important family of growth factors share an epidermal growth factor motif, and all bind to ErbB transmembrane receptors. In response to growth factor ligands, ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases induce a variety of cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation and motility. Signal transduction pathways are initiated upon ligand-induced receptor homo- or heterodimerization and activation of tyrosine kinase activity. The complement of induced signaling pathways, as well as their magnitude and duration, determines the biological outcome of signaling, and in turn, is regulated by the identity of the ligand and the receptor composition. Recent insights into the structural basis for receptor dimerization, as provided by crystallographic analysis, are described, as is the differential activation of signaling pathways and downregulatory mechanisms. Further, dysregulation of the ErbB network is implicated in a variety of human cancers, and the nature of aberrant signaling through ErbB proteins, as well as current therapeutic approaches, are discussed, highlighting the role of the highly oncogenic ErbB-2 molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina D Marmor
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Abstract
The knock-out analyses of neuregulin and its receptors have indicated that they play essential roles in Schwann cell development. However, the role they play in oligodendrocyte development in vivo has remained unclear, because such knock-out animals die before CNS myelination begins. We examined the role of neuregulin signaling in the CNS by generating transgenic mice that express a dominant-negative mutant of the ErbB2 receptor among oligodendrocytes, using an MBP promoter. The transgenic mice exhibited widespread hypomyelination, resulting from a reduction in oligodendrocyte differentiation. The number of progenitors was conversely increased in the transgenic mice. We report that a reduction in oligodendrocyte differentiation is attributed in part to apoptosis of oligodendrocyte progenitors as they exit the cell cycle. A significant reduction in the number of p27+ oligodendrocyte precursors in the transgenic mice supports this conclusion. Taken together, these data suggest that for oligodendrocyte progenitors, ErbB2 signaling plays a role in governing a properly timed exit from the cell cycle during development into myelinating oligodendrocytes.
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