1
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Xue Y, Zhai J. Strategy of combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with other therapies and mechanisms of resistance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2024; 17:189-207. [PMID: 39114502 PMCID: PMC11301413 DOI: 10.62347/hgni4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Cell cycle-dependent protein kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) is a crucial kinase that regulates the cell cycle, essential for cell division and proliferation. Hence, combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with other anti-tumor drugs is a pivotal clinical strategy. This strategy can efficiently inhibit the growth and division of tumor cells, reduce the side effects, and improve the quality of life of patients by reducing the dosage of combined anticancer drugs. Furthermore, the combination therapy strategy of CDK4/6 inhibitors could ameliorate the drug resistance of combined drugs and overcome the CDK4/6 resistance caused by CDK4/6 inhibitors. Various tumor treatment strategies combined with CDK4/6 inhibitors have entered the clinical trial stage, demonstrating their substantial clinical potential. This study reviews the research progress of CDK4/6 inhibitors from 2018 to 2022, the related resistance mechanism of CDK4/6 inhibitors, and the strategy of combination medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Xue
- Tianjin University, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST)Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jie Zhai
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Yadav AK, Polasek-Sedlackova H. Quantity and quality of minichromosome maintenance protein complexes couple replication licensing to genome integrity. Commun Biol 2024; 7:167. [PMID: 38336851 PMCID: PMC10858283 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate and complete replication of genetic information is a fundamental process of every cell division. The replication licensing is the first essential step that lays the foundation for error-free genome duplication. During licensing, minichromosome maintenance protein complexes, the molecular motors of DNA replication, are loaded to genomic sites called replication origins. The correct quantity and functioning of licensed origins are necessary to prevent genome instability associated with severe diseases, including cancer. Here, we delve into recent discoveries that shed light on the novel functions of licensed origins, the pathways necessary for their proper maintenance, and their implications for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Kumar Yadav
- Department of Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Polasek-Sedlackova
- Department of Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
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3
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Long T, Li J, Yin T, Liu K, Wang Y, Long J, Wang J, Cheng L. A genetic variant in gene NDUFAF4 confers the risk of non-small cell lung cancer by perturbing hsa-miR-215 binding. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:145-159. [PMID: 37787384 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Hsa-microRNA-215 (hsa-miR-215) plays multiple roles in carcinogenesis through regulating its target genes. Genetic variants in hsa-miR-215 target sites thus may affect hsa-miR-215-mRNA interactions, result in altered expression of target genes and even influence cancer susceptibility. This study aimed to investigate the associations of genetic variants which located in the binding sites of hsa-miR-215 with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility in the Chinese population and reveal the potential regulatory mechanism of functional variants in NSCLC development. The candidate genetic variants were predicted and screened through bioinformatics analysis based on the degree of complementarity of hsa-miR-215 sequences. The potential effects of genetic variants on the binding ability of hsa-miR-215 and target genes were also predicted. A case-control study with 932 NSCLC patients and 1036 healthy controls was conducted to evaluate the association of candidate genetic variants with NSCLC susceptibility, and an independent case-control study with 552 NSCLC cases and 571 controls were used to further validate the promising associations. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to explore the regulation of the genetic variants on transcription activity of target gene. Cell phenotyping experiments in vitro and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were then carried out to preliminarily explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of the target genes in NSCLC. A total of five candidate genetic variants located in the binding sites of hsa-miR-215 were screened. The two-stage case-control study showed that a variant rs1854268 A > T, which located in the 3' untranslated (3'UTR) region of NDUFAF4 gene, was associated with decreased risk of NSCLC (additive model, odds ratio [OR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-0.92, p < 0.001). Functional annotation displayed that rs1854268 A > T might downregulate the expression of NDUFAF4 by enhancing the binding affinity of hsa-miR-215-5p to NDUFAF4 mRNA. Additionally, transient knockdown of the NDUFAF4 could inhibit lung cancer cell migration and promote lung cancer cell apoptosis. Further RNA-seq analysis revealed that the knockdown of NDUFAF4 may affect NSCLC development by downregulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide 3 kinase-AKT (PI3K-AKT) signaling pathways. Moreover, the overexpression of CCND1 could partially attenuate the effects of NDUFAF4 knock down on lung cancer cell migration and apoptosis, indicating that CCND1 may be involved in the tumor-promoting effects of NDUFAF4 as a downstream molecule of NDUFAF4 gene. In conclusion, the genetic variant rs1854268 (A > T) on NDUFAF4 confers NSCLC susceptibility by altering the binding affinity of hsa-miR-215-5p, thus regulating the expression of NDUFAF4 and subsequently influencing downstream tumor molecules and pathways such as CCND1, NF kappa B, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongxin Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieyi Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Ziegler DV, Parashar K, Fajas L. Beyond cell cycle regulation: The pleiotropic function of CDK4 in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:51-63. [PMID: 38135020 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
CDK4, along with its regulatory subunit, cyclin D, drives the transition from G1 to S phase, during which DNA replication and metabolic activation occur. In this canonical pathway, CDK4 is essentially a transcriptional regulator that acts through phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (RB) and subsequent activation of the transcription factor E2F, ultimately triggering the expression of genes involved in DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression to S phase. In this review, we focus on the newly reported functions of CDK4, which go beyond direct regulation of the cell cycle. In particular, we describe the extranuclear roles of CDK4, including its roles in the regulation of metabolism, cell fate, cell dynamics and the tumor microenvironment. We describe direct phosphorylation targets of CDK4 and decipher how CDK4 influences these physiological processes in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian V Ziegler
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kanishka Parashar
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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5
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Wu F, Guo X, Ren Y, Peng Y, Lai Z, Xu J. CircRNA0007766 accelerates cancer progression via miR-34c-5p/cyclin D1 axis in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). Cell Signal 2023; 112:110912. [PMID: 37802173 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing empirical evidence shows that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in tumor pathogenesis. However, little is known about the mechanism by which circRNAs contribute to the progression of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). We conducted RNA high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analyses on 22 AEG tissues and their matching healthy gastric mucosal tissues and found that circRNA0007766 may act as a tumor promoter in AEG pathogenesis. BaseScope® in situ hybridization revealed that circRNA0007766 was strongly upregulated in AEG. We then constructed co-expression and ceRNA networks to elucidate the relationships among specific circRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs. We also demonstrated that circRNA0007766 acted as the sponge of miR-34c-5p, thereby positively regulating cyclin D1. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated the roles of circRNA0007766 in promoting AEG progression and invasion. AEG tissues are characterized by circRNA0007766 upregulation which is correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is one of the first to show that the circRNA0007766/miR-34c-5p/cyclin D1 axis is important in AEG progression. Furthermore, the results of this work imply that circRNA0007766 is potentially a novel AEG biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Xin Guo
- Medical ICU, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yuting Peng
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan,Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zhiyong Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan,Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan,Shanxi Province, China; Institute of Liver Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan,Shanxi Province, China.
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6
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Yang Y, Guo L, Chen L, Gong B, Jia D, Sun Q. Nuclear transport proteins: structure, function, and disease relevance. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:425. [PMID: 37945593 PMCID: PMC10636164 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper subcellular localization is crucial for the functioning of biomacromolecules, including proteins and RNAs. Nuclear transport is a fundamental cellular process that regulates the localization of many macromolecules within the nuclear or cytoplasmic compartments. In humans, approximately 60 proteins are involved in nuclear transport, including nucleoporins that form membrane-embedded nuclear pore complexes, karyopherins that transport cargoes through these complexes, and Ran system proteins that ensure directed and rapid transport. Many of these nuclear transport proteins play additional and essential roles in mitosis, biomolecular condensation, and gene transcription. Dysregulation of nuclear transport is linked to major human diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. Selinexor (KPT-330), an inhibitor targeting the nuclear export factor XPO1 (also known as CRM1), was approved in 2019 to treat two types of blood cancers, and dozens of clinical trials of are ongoing. This review summarizes approximately three decades of research data in this field but focuses on the structure and function of individual nuclear transport proteins from recent studies, providing a cutting-edge and holistic view on the role of nuclear transport proteins in health and disease. In-depth knowledge of this rapidly evolving field has the potential to bring new insights into fundamental biology, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Gong
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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7
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Saleban M, Harris EL, Poulter JA. D-Type Cyclins in Development and Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1445. [PMID: 37510349 PMCID: PMC10378862 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
D-type cyclins encode G1/S cell cycle checkpoint proteins, which play a crucial role in defining cell cycle exit and progression. Precise control of cell cycle exit is vital during embryonic development, with defects in the pathways regulating intracellular D-type cyclins resulting in abnormal initiation of stem cell differentiation in a variety of different organ systems. Furthermore, stabilisation of D-type cyclins is observed in a wide range of disorders characterized by cellular over-proliferation, including cancers and overgrowth disorders. In this review, we will summarize and compare the roles played by each D-type cyclin during development and provide examples of how their intracellular dysregulation can be an underlying cause of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Saleban
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Erica L Harris
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - James A Poulter
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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8
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Cai W, Shu LZ, Liu DJ, Zhou L, Wang MM, Deng H. Targeting cyclin D1 as a therapeutic approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1145082. [PMID: 37427143 PMCID: PMC10324616 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1145082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 functions as a mitogenic sensor that specifically binds to CDK4/6, thereby integrating external mitogenic inputs and cell cycle progression. Cyclin D1 interacts with transcription factors and regulates various important cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Therefore, its dysregulation contributes to carcinogenesis. Cyclin D1 is highly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the particular cellular mechanisms through which abnormal cyclin D1 expression causes PTC are poorly understood. Unveiling the regulatory mechanisms of cyclin D1 and its function in PTC may help determine clinically effective strategies, and open up better opportunities for further research, leading to the development of novel PTC regimens that are clinically effective. This review explores the mechanisms underlying cyclin D1 overexpression in PTC. Furthermore, we discuss the role of cyclin D1 in PTC tumorigenesis via its interactions with other regulatory elements. Finally, recent progress in the development of therapeutic options targeting cyclin D1 in PTC is examined and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin-Zhen Shu
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ding-Jie Liu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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9
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Wang J, Su W, Zhang T, Zhang S, Lei H, Ma F, Shi M, Shi W, Xie X, Di C. Aberrant Cyclin D1 splicing in cancer: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic modulation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:244. [PMID: 37024471 PMCID: PMC10079974 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin D1 (CCND1), a crucial mediator of cell cycle progression, possesses many mutation types with different mutation frequencies in human cancers. The G870A mutation is the most common mutation in CCND1, which produces two isoforms: full-length CCND1a and divergent C-terminal CCND1b. The dysregulation of the CCND1 isoforms is associated with multiple human cancers. Exploring the molecular mechanism of CCND1 isoforms has offer new insight for cancer treatment. On this basis, the alterations of CCND1 gene are described, including amplification, overexpression, and mutation, especially the G870A mutation. Subsequently, we review the characteristics of CCND1 isoforms caused by G870A mutation. Additionally, we summarize cis-regulatory elements, trans-acting factors, and the splice mutation involved in splicing regulation of CCND1. Furthermore, we highlight the function of CCND1 isoforms in cell cycle, invasion, and metastasis in cancers. Importantly, the clinical role of CCND1 isoforms is also discussed, particularly concerning prognosis, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Last, emphasis is given to the corrective strategies that modulate the cancerous CCND1 isoforms. Thus, it is highlighting significance of aberrant isoforms of CCND1 as targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Su
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Taotao Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huiwen Lei
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Fengdie Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Maoning Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Cuixia Di
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
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10
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Zabihi M, Lotfi R, Yousefi AM, Bashash D. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases: from biology to tumorigenesis and therapeutic opportunities. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1585-1606. [PMID: 35781526 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discussion on cell proliferation cannot be continued without taking a look at the cell cycle regulatory machinery. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins, and CDK inhibitors (CKIs) are valuable members of this system and their equilibrium guarantees the proper progression of the cell cycle. As expected, any dysregulation in the expression or function of these components can provide a platform for excessive cell proliferation leading to tumorigenesis. The high frequency of CDK abnormalities in human cancers, together with their druggable structure has raised the possibility that perhaps designing a series of inhibitors targeting CDKs might be advantageous for restricting the survival of tumor cells; however, their application has faced a serious concern, since these groups of serine-threonine kinases possess non-canonical functions as well. In the present review, we aimed to take a look at the biology of CDKs and then magnify their contribution to tumorigenesis. Then, by arguing the bright and dark aspects of CDK inhibition in the treatment of human cancers, we intend to reach a consensus on the application of these inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Zabihi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Chen S, Li L. Degradation strategy of cyclin D1 in cancer cells and the potential clinical application. Front Oncol 2022; 12:949688. [PMID: 36059670 PMCID: PMC9434365 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.949688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 has been reported to be upregulated in several solid and hematologic tumors, promoting cancer progression. Thus, decreasing cyclin D1 by degradation could be a promising target strategy for cancer therapy. This mini review summarizes the roles of cyclin D1 in tumorigenesis and progression and its degradation strategies. Besides, we proposed an exploration of the degradation of cyclin D1 by FBX4, an F box protein belonging to the E3 ligase SKP-CUL-F-box (SCF) complex, which mediates substrate ubiquitination, as well as a postulate about the concrete combination mode of FBX4 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, we proposed a possible photodynamic therapy strategythat is based on the above concrete combination mode for treating superficial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Chen
- The Sixth Student Battalion, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Li,
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12
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Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 are critical mediators of cellular transition into S phase and are important for the initiation, growth and survival of many cancer types. Pharmacological inhibitors of CDK4/6 have rapidly become a new standard of care for patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. As expected, CDK4/6 inhibitors arrest sensitive tumour cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. However, the effects of CDK4/6 inhibition are far more wide-reaching. New insights into their mechanisms of action have triggered identification of new therapeutic opportunities, including the development of novel combination regimens, expanded application to a broader range of cancers and use as supportive care to ameliorate the toxic effects of other therapies. Exploring these new opportunities in the clinic is an urgent priority, which in many cases has not been adequately addressed. Here, we provide a framework for conceptualizing the activity of CDK4/6 inhibitors in cancer and explain how this framework might shape the future clinical development of these agents. We also discuss the biological underpinnings of CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, an increasingly common challenge in clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shom Goel
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Johann S Bergholz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jean J Zhao
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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13
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Wang F, Li S, Houerbi N, Chou TF. Temporal proteomics reveal specific cell cycle oncoprotein downregulation by p97/VCP inhibition. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:517-529.e5. [PMID: 34847375 PMCID: PMC8934257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Targeting protein quality control (PQC) pathways using proteasome or p97/VCP inhibition can effectively treat blood tumors. However, in solid tumors, only p97/VCP inhibitors are effective. To probe this difference in efficacy, we tracked HCT116 colon cancer cells using temporal proteomics to define the cellular and molecular responses to proteasome and p97 inhibition. Proteins involved in general PQC pathways were similarly upregulated by both treatments, suggesting that the proteotoxic stress caused by inhibitors does not explain the differential therapeutic effectiveness. Unexpectedly, proteins specifically dysregulated by two p97 inhibitors are involved in cell cycle control. Indeed, eleven cell cycle proteins were downregulated by p97 inhibition but not by proteasome inhibition. Western blot analysis validated the degradation of cyclin D1 and Securin, which depends on proteasome but not on p97. Differing regulation of cell cycle proteins by p97 and the proteasome may, therefore, explain the therapeutic efficacy of p97 inhibitors in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Shan Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Nadia Houerbi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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14
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Stoppelman JP, Ng TT, Nerenberg PS, Wang LP. Development and Validation of AMBER-FB15-Compatible Force Field Parameters for Phosphorylated Amino Acids. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:11927-11942. [PMID: 34668708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of select amino acid residues is one of the most common biological mechanisms for regulating protein structures and functions. While computational modeling can be used to explore the detailed structural changes associated with phosphorylation, most molecular mechanics force fields developed for the simulation of phosphoproteins have been noted to be inconsistent with experimental data. In this work, we parameterize force fields for the phosphorylated forms of the amino acids serine, threonine, and tyrosine using the ForceBalance software package with the goal of improving agreement with experiments for these residues. Our optimized force field, denoted as FB18, is parameterized using high-quality ab initio potential energy scans and is designed to be fully compatible with the AMBER-FB15 protein force field. When utilized in MD simulations together with the TIP3P-FB water model, we find that FB18 consistently enhances the prediction of experimental quantities such as 3J NMR couplings and intramolecular hydrogen-bonding propensities in comparison to previously published models. As was reported with AMBER-FB15, we also see improved agreement with the reference QM calculations in regions at and away from local minima. We thus believe that the FB18 parameter set provides a promising route for the further investigation of the varied effects of protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Stoppelman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Tracey T Ng
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States
| | - Paul S Nerenberg
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States
| | - Lee-Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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15
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Apolinário LA, Ramalho LNZ, Moosavi MH, Jager AV, Augusto MJ, Trotta MR, Petta T, Khaneghah AM, Oliveira CAF, Ramalho FS. Oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways in subchronic aflatoxicosis in rats: Association with serum and urinary aflatoxin exposure biomarkers. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112263. [PMID: 34015426 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the changes in oncogenic and tumor suppressor signaling pathways in liver and their association with serum and urinary biomarkers of aflatoxin exposure were evaluated in Wistar rats fed diets containing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) for 90 days. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 15 per group) and assigned to dietary treatments containing 0 (control), 50 (AFB50), 100 (AFB100) and 200 μg AFB1 kg-1 diet (AFB200). Multiple preneoplastic foci of hepatocytes marked with glutathione-S-transferase-placental form (GST-P) were identified in AFB100 and AFB200 groups. Hepatocellular damage induced by AFB1 resulted in overexpression of cyclin D1 and β-catenin. The liver expression of retinoblastoma (Rb) and p27Kip1 decreased in AFB100 and AFB200 groups, confirming the favorable conditions for neoplastic progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. All samples from rats fed AFB1-contaminated diets had quantifiable AFB1-lysine in serum or urinary AFM1 and AFB1-N7-guanine, with mean levels of 20.42-50.34 ng mL-1, 5.31-37.68 and 39.15-126.37 ng mg-1 creatinine, respectively. Positive correlations were found between AFB1-lysine, AFM1 or AFB1-N7-guanine and GST-P+, β-catenin+ and cyclin D1+ hepatocytes, while Rb + cells negatively correlated with those AFB1 exposure biomarkers. The pathways evaluated are critical molecular mechanisms of AFB1-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia A Apolinário
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandra N Z Ramalho
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Motahareh Hashemi Moosavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alessandra V Jager
- Department of Bio Molecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlei J Augusto
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício R Trotta
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tânia Petta
- Actinobac Agrosciences. Supera - Parque de Inovação e Tecnologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av. Dra. Nadir Águiar, 1805, CEP, 14056-680, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP). R. Monteiro Lobato, 80, CEP, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A F Oliveira
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo. Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, CEP, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando S Ramalho
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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16
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Martin APJ, Camonis JH. The hippo kinase STK38 ensures functionality of XPO1. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2982-2995. [PMID: 33017560 PMCID: PMC7714482 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1826619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper segregation of basic elements such as the compartmentalization of the genome and the shuttling of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm is a crucial mechanism for homeostasis maintenance in eukaryotic cells. XPO1 (Exportin 1) is the major nuclear export receptor and is required for the export of proteins and RNAs out of the nucleus. STK38 (also known as NDR1) is a Hippo pathway serine/threonine kinase with multifarious functions in normal and cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the history of the discovery of the nucleo/cytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and focus on the major actor of nuclear export: XPO1. After describing the molecular events required for XPO1-mediated nuclear export of proteins, we introduce the Hippo pathway STK38 kinase, synthetize its regulation mechanisms as well as its biological functions in both normal and cancer cells, and finally its intersection with XPO1 biology. We discuss the recently identified mechanism of XPO1 activation by phosphorylation of XPO1_S1055 by STK38 and contextualize this finding according to the biological functions previously reported for both XPO1 and STK38, including the second identity of STK38 as an autophagy regulator. Finally, we phrase this newly identified activation mechanism into the general nuclear export machinery and examine the possible outcomes of nuclear export inhibition in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre PJ Martin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jacques H Camonis
- Inserm U830, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
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17
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Yumimoto K, Yamauchi Y, Nakayama KI. F-Box Proteins and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051249. [PMID: 32429232 PMCID: PMC7281081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled protein degradation is essential for the operation of a variety of cellular processes including cell division, growth, and differentiation. Identification of the relations between ubiquitin ligases and their substrates is key to understanding the molecular basis of cancer development and to the discovery of novel targets for cancer therapeutics. F-box proteins function as the substrate recognition subunits of S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (SKP1)−Cullin1 (CUL1)−F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complexes. Here, we summarize the roles of specific F-box proteins that have been shown to function as tumor promoters or suppressors. We also highlight proto-oncoproteins that are targeted for ubiquitylation by multiple F-box proteins, and discuss how these F-box proteins are deployed to regulate their cognate substrates in various situations.
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18
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Cyclin D degradation by E3 ligases in cancer progression and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:159-170. [PMID: 32006569 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
D cyclins include three isoforms: D1, D2, and D3. D cyclins heterodimerize with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) to form kinase complexes that can phosphorylate and inactivate Rb. Inactivation of Rb triggers the activation of E2F transcription factors, which in turn regulate the expression of genes whose products drive cell cycle progression. Because D-type cyclins function as mitogenic sensors that link growth factor signaling directly with G1 phase progression, it is not surprising that D cyclin accumulation is dysregulated in a variety of human tumors. Elevated expression of D cyclins results from gene amplification, increased gene transcription and protein translation, decreased microRNA levels, and inefficiency or loss of ubiquitylation-mediated protein degradation. This review focuses on the clinicopathological importance of D cyclins, how dysregulation of Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) contributes to the overexpression of D cyclins, and the therapeutic potential through targeting D cyclin-related machinery in human tumors.
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19
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Abstract
The cell cycle is tightly regulated by cyclins and their catalytic moieties, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Cyclin D1, in association with CDK4/6, acts as a mitogenic sensor and integrates extracellular mitogenic signals and cell cycle progression. When deregulated (overexpressed, accumulated, inappropriately located), cyclin D1 becomes an oncogene and is recognized as a driver of solid tumors and hemopathies. Recent studies on the oncogenic roles of cyclin D1 reported non-canonical functions dependent on the partners of cyclin D1 and its location within tumor cells or tissues. Support for these new functions was provided by various mouse models of oncogenesis. Finally, proteomic and transcriptomic data identified complex cyclin D1 networks. This review focuses on these aspects of cyclin D1 pathophysiology, which may be crucial for targeted therapy.Abbreviations: aa, amino acid; AR, androgen receptor; ATM, ataxia telangectasia mutant; ATR, ATM and Rad3-related; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; ChREBP, carbohydrate response element binding protein; CIP, CDK-interacting protein; CHK1/2, checkpoint kinase 1/2; CKI, CDK inhibitor; DDR, DNA damage response; DMP1, cyclin D-binding myb-like protein; DSB, double-strand DNA break; DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase; ER, estrogen receptor; FASN, fatty acid synthase; GSK3β, glycogen synthase-3β; HAT, histone acetyltransferase; HDAC, histone deacetylase; HK2, hexokinase 2; HNF4α, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α; HR, homologous recombination; IR, ionizing radiation; KIP, kinase inhibitory protein; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; NHEJ, non-homologous end-joining; PCAF, p300/CREB binding-associated protein; PGC1α, PPARγ co-activator 1α; PEST, proline-glutamic acid-serine-threonine, PK, pyruvate kinase; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; RB1, retinoblastoma protein; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SRC, steroid receptor coactivator; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; TGFβ, transforming growth factor β; UPS, ubiquitin-proteasome system; USP22, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22; XPO1 (or CRM1) exportin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guergana Tchakarska
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Depping R, von Fallois M, Landesman Y, Kosyna FK. The Nuclear Export Inhibitor Selinexor Inhibits Hypoxia Signaling Pathways And 3D Spheroid Growth Of Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8387-8399. [PMID: 31632086 PMCID: PMC6793465 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s213208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules is critical for both cell physiology and pathophysiology. Exportin 1 (XPO1), the major nuclear export receptor, is involved in the cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen availability by controlling the nuclear activity of the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Recently, a specific inhibitor of XPO1, selinexor (KPT-330), has been identified that inhibits nuclear export of cargo proteins by binding to the XPO1 cargo-binding pocket. Patients and methods We used different cancer cell lines from human tissues and evaluated the physiological activity of selinexor on the hypoxia response pathway in two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell cultures in quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR experiments and luciferase reporter gene assays. A three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroid culture model of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was established to analyze the effect of selinexor on 3D tumor spheroid structure, formation and viability. Results Selinexor treatment reduces HIF-transcriptional activity and expression of the HIF-1 target gene solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1). Moreover, 3D tumor spheroid structure, formation and viability are inhibited in response to selinexor-induced nuclear export inhibition. Conclusion Here, we demonstrate the effect of specific XPO1-inhibition on the hypoxic response on the molecular level in 2D and 3D culture models of MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Depping
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Working Group Hypoxia, University of Lübeck, Lübeck D-23562, Germany
| | - Moritz von Fallois
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Working Group Hypoxia, University of Lübeck, Lübeck D-23562, Germany.,Clinic for Radiotherapy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck D-23562, Germany
| | | | - Friederike Katharina Kosyna
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Working Group Hypoxia, University of Lübeck, Lübeck D-23562, Germany
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21
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Goshima T, Habara M, Maeda K, Hanaki S, Kato Y, Shimada M. Calcineurin regulates cyclin D1 stability through dephosphorylation at T286. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12779. [PMID: 31484966 PMCID: PMC6726757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Calcineurin/NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) pathway plays an essential role in the tumorigenic and metastatic properties in breast cancer. The molecular mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of calcineurin inhibition, however, is poorly understood. We found that calcineurin inhibition delayed cell cycle progression at G1/S, and promoted cyclin D1 degradation by inhibiting dephosphorylation at T286. Importantly, overexpression of cyclin D1 partially rescued delayed G1/S progression, thereby revealing cyclin D1 as a key factor downstream of calcineurin inhibition. Cyclin D1 upregulation is observed in human invasive breast cancers, and our findings indicate that dysregulation of T286 phosphorylation could play a role in this phenomenon. We therefore propose that targeting site specific phosphorylation of cyclin D1 could be a potential strategy for clinical intervention of invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Goshima
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Habara
- Department of Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kato
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Midori Shimada
- Department of Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan.
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22
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Control of CCND1 ubiquitylation by the catalytic SAGA subunit USP22 is essential for cell cycle progression through G1 in cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E9298-E9307. [PMID: 30224477 PMCID: PMC6176615 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807704115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the deubiquitylase ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) is a marker of aggressive cancer phenotypes like metastasis, therapy resistance, and poor survival. Functionally, this overexpression of USP22 actively contributes to tumorigenesis, as USP22 depletion blocks cancer cell cycle progression in vitro, and inhibits tumor progression in animal models of lung, breast, bladder, ovarian, and liver cancer, among others. Current models suggest that USP22 mediates these biological effects via its role in epigenetic regulation as a subunit of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase (SAGA) transcriptional cofactor complex. Challenging the dogma, we report here a nontranscriptional role for USP22 via a direct effect on the core cell cycle machinery: that is, the deubiquitylation of the G1 cyclin D1 (CCND1). Deubiquitylation by USP22 protects CCND1 from proteasome-mediated degradation and occurs separately from the canonical phosphorylation/ubiquitylation mechanism previously shown to regulate CCND1 stability. We demonstrate that control of CCND1 is a key mechanism by which USP22 mediates its known role in cell cycle progression. Finally, USP22 and CCND1 levels correlate in patient lung and colorectal cancer samples and our preclinical studies indicate that targeting USP22 in combination with CDK inhibitors may offer an approach for treating cancer patients whose tumors exhibit elevated CCND1.
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23
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Albero R, Enjuanes A, Demajo S, Castellano G, Pinyol M, García N, Capdevila C, Clot G, Suárez-Cisneros H, Shimada M, Karube K, López-Guerra M, Colomer D, Beà S, Martin-Subero JI, Campo E, Jares P. Cyclin D1 overexpression induces global transcriptional downregulation in lymphoid neoplasms. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4132-4147. [PMID: 29990311 DOI: 10.1172/jci96520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is an oncogene frequently overexpressed in human cancers that has a dual function as cell cycle and transcriptional regulator, although the latter is widely unexplored. Here, we investigated the transcriptional role of cyclin D1 in lymphoid tumor cells with cyclin D1 oncogenic overexpression. Cyclin D1 showed widespread binding to the promoters of most actively transcribed genes, and the promoter occupancy positively correlated with the transcriptional output of targeted genes. Despite this association, the overexpression of cyclin D1 in lymphoid cells led to a global transcriptional downmodulation that was proportional to cyclin D1 levels. This cyclin D1-dependent global transcriptional downregulation was associated with a reduced nascent transcription and an accumulation of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) that colocalized with cyclin D1. Concordantly, cyclin D1 overexpression promoted an increase in the Poll II pausing index. This transcriptional impairment seems to be mediated by the interaction of cyclin D1 with the transcription machinery. In addition, cyclin D1 overexpression sensitized cells to transcription inhibitors, revealing a synthetic lethality interaction that was also observed in primary mantle cell lymphoma cases. This finding of global transcriptional dysregulation expands the known functions of oncogenic cyclin D1 and suggests the therapeutic potential of targeting the transcriptional machinery in cyclin D1-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Enjuanes
- Genomics Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Magda Pinyol
- Genomics Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Helena Suárez-Cisneros
- Genomics Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariko Shimada
- Hematopathology Unit and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan.,Haematopathology Unit, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kennosuke Karube
- Hematopathology Unit and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan.,Haematopathology Unit, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica López-Guerra
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Haematopathology Unit, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Colomer
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Haematopathology Unit, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Beà
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Martin-Subero
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elías Campo
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Haematopathology Unit, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Jares
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Molecular Biology Core, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Haematopathology Unit, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Xu J, Lin DI. Oncogenic c-terminal cyclin D1 (CCND1) mutations are enriched in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199688. [PMID: 29969496 PMCID: PMC6029777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a core cell cycle regulator and is frequently overexpressed in human cancers, often via amplification, translocation or post-transcription regulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that mutations of the CCND1 gene that result in nuclear retention and constitutive activation of CDK4/6 kinases are oncogenic drivers in cancer. However, the spectrum of CCND1 mutations across human cancers has not been systematically investigated. Here, we retrospectively mined whole-exome sequencing data from 124 published studies representing up to 29,432 cases from diverse cancer types and sites of origin, including carcinoma, melanoma, sarcoma and lymphoma/leukemia, via online tools to determine the frequency and spectrum of CCND1 mutations in human cancers and their associated clinico-pathological characteristics. Overall, in contrast to gene amplification, which occurred at a frequency of 4.8% (1,419 of 28,769 cases), CCND1 mutations were of very low frequency (0.5%, 151 of 29,432 cases) across all cancers, but were predominantly enriched in uterine endometrioid-type adenocarcinoma (6.5%, 30 of 458 cases) in both primary tumors and in advanced, metastatic endometrial cancer samples. CCND1 mutations in endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma occurred most commonly in the c-terminus of cyclin D1, as putative driver mutations, in a region thought to result in oncogenic activation of cyclin D1 via inhibition of Thr-286 phosphorylation and nuclear export, thereby resulting in nuclear retention and protein overexpression. Our findings implicate oncogenic c-terminal mutations of CCND1 in the pathogenesis of a subset of human cancers and provide a key resource to guide future preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Douglas I. Lin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Ethanol extracts from the branch of Taxillus yadoriki parasitic to Neolitsea sericea induces cyclin D1 proteasomal degradation through cyclin D1 nuclear export. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:189. [PMID: 29925351 PMCID: PMC6011405 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the inhibitory effect of mistletoe on cancer cell growth has been reported, the underlying mechanisms to explain its anti-proliferative activity are not fully studied. Thus, we elucidated the potential molecular mechanism of the branch from Taxillus yadoriki (TY) parasitic to Neolitsea sericea (NS) (TY-NS-B) for the anti-proliferative effect. Methods Anti-cell proliferative effect was evaluated by MTT assay. The change of cyclin D1 protein or mRNA level was evaluated by Western blot and RT-RCR, respectively. Results In comparison of anti-proliferative effect of TY from the host trees such as Cryptomeria japonica (CJ), Neolitsea sericea (NS), Prunus serrulata (PS), Cinnamomum camphora (CC) and Quercus acutissima (QA), TY-NS showed higher anti-cell proliferative effect than TY-CJ, TY-PS, TY-CC or TY-QA. In addition, the anti-proliferative effect of branch from TY from all host trees was better than leaves. Thus, we selected the branch from Taxillus yadoriki parasitic to Neolitsea sericea (TY-NS-B) for the further study. TY-NS-B inhibited the cell proliferation in the various cancer cells and downregulated cyclin D1 protein level. MG132 treatment attenuated cyclin D1 downregulation of cyclin D1 protein level by TY-NS-B. In addition, TY-NS-B increased threonine-286 (T286) phosphorylation of cyclin D1, and the mutation of T286 to alanine (T286A) blocked cyclin D1 proteasomal degradation by TY-NS-B. But the upstream factors related to cyclin D1 degradation such as ERK1/2, p38, JNK, GSK3β, PI3K, IκK or ROS did not affect cyclin D1 degradation by TY-NS-B. However, LMB treatment was observed to inhibit cyclin D1 degradation by TY-NS-B, and T286A blocked cyclin D1 degradation through suppressing cyclin D1 redistribution from nucleus to cytoplasm by TY-NS-B. In addition, TY-NS-B activated CRM1 expression. Conclusions Our results suggest that TY-NS-B may suppress cell proliferation by downregulating cyclin D1 protein level through proteasomal degradation via T286 phosphorylation-dependent cyclin D1 nuclear export. These findings will provide the evidence that TY-NS-B has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for human cancer.
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Patrick R, Kobe B, Lê Cao KA, Bodén M. PhosphoPICK-SNP: quantifying the effect of amino acid variants on protein phosphorylation. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:1773-1781. [PMID: 28186228 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Genome-wide association studies are identifying single nucleotide variants (SNVs) linked to various diseases, however the functional effect caused by these variants is often unknown. One potential functional effect, the loss or gain of protein phosphorylation sites, can be induced through variations in key amino acids that disrupt or introduce valid kinase binding patterns. Current methods for predicting the effect of SNVs on phosphorylation operate on the sequence content of reference and variant proteins. However, consideration of the amino acid sequence alone is insufficient for predicting phosphorylation change, as context factors determine kinase-substrate selection. Results We present here a method for quantifying the effect of SNVs on protein phosphorylation through an integrated system of motif analysis and context-based assessment of kinase targets. By predicting the effect that known variants across the proteome have on phosphorylation, we are able to use this background of proteome-wide variant effects to quantify the significance of novel variants for modifying phosphorylation. We validate our method on a manually curated set of phosphorylation change-causing variants from the primary literature, showing that the method predicts known examples of phosphorylation change at high levels of specificity. We apply our approach to data-sets of variants in phosphorylation site regions, showing that variants causing predicted phosphorylation loss are over-represented among disease-associated variants. Availability and Implementation The method is freely available as a web-service at the website http://bioinf.scmb.uq.edu.au/phosphopick/snp. Contact m.boden@uq.edu.au. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Patrick
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Mikael Bodén
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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Park GH, Song HM, Park SB, Son HJ, Um Y, Kim HS, Jeong JB. Cytotoxic activity of the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia through the suppression of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:28. [PMID: 29554905 PMCID: PMC5858136 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Because twigs of Cinnamomum cassia (TC) have been reported to exert anti-cancer activity, the mechanistic study for TC’s anti-cancer activity is required. Thus, we elucidated the potential molecular mechanism of TC’s anti-proliferative effect and the induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Methods How water extracts form TC (TC-HW) was used in this study. Anti-cell proliferative effect of TC-HW was evaluated by MTT assay. The change of protein or mRNA level by TC-HW was evaluated by Western blot and RT-RCR, respectively. The promoter construct for ATF3, NF-κB, TOP-FLASH or FOP-FLASH was used for the investigation of the transcriptional activity for ATF3, NF-κB or Wnt. siRNA for ATF3 or p65 was used for the knockdown of ATF3 and p65. Results TC-HW reduced the cell viability in human colorectal cancer cells. TC-HW decreased cyclin D1 protein level through cyclin D1 degradation via GSK3β-dependent threonine-286 (T286) phosphorylation of cyclin D1, indicating that cyclin D1 degradation may contribute to TC-HW-mediated decrease of cyclin D1 protein level. TC-HW downregulated the expression of cyclin D1 mRNA level and inhibited Wnt activation through the downregulation of β-catenin and TCF4 expression, indicating that inhibition of cyclin D1 transcription may also result in TC-HW-mediated decrease of cyclin D1 protein level. In addition, TC-HW was observed to induce apoptosis through ROS-dependent DNA damage. TC-HW-induced ROS increased NF-κB and ATF3 activation, and inhibition of NF-κB and ATF3 activation attenuated TC-HW-mediated apoptosis. Conclusions Our results suggest that TC-HW may suppress cell proliferation through the downregulation of cyclin D1 via proteasomal degradation and transcriptional inhibition, and may induce apoptosis through ROS-dependent NF-κB and ATF3 activation. These effects of TC-HW may contribute to the reduction of cell viability in human colorectal cancer cells. From these findings, TC-HW has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for human colorectal cancer.
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The regulatory role of protein phosphorylation in human gammaherpesvirus associated cancers. Virol Sin 2017; 32:357-368. [PMID: 29116588 PMCID: PMC6704201 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-017-4081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of specific sets of protein kinases by intracellular signal molecules
has become more and more apparent in the past decade. Phosphorylation, one of key
posttranslational modification events, is activated by kinase or regulatory protein
and is vital for controlling many physiological functions of eukaryotic cells such
as cell proliferation, differentiation, malignant transformation, and signal
transduction mediated by external stimuli. Moreovers, the reversible modification of
phosphorylation and dephosphorylation can result in different features of the target
substrate molecules including DNA binding, protein-protein interaction, subcellular
location and enzymatic activity, and is often hijacked by viral infection.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcomaassociated herpesvirus (KSHV), two
human oncogenic gamma-herpesviruses, are shown to tightly associate with many
malignancies. In this review, we summarize the recent progresses on understanding of
molecular properties and regulatory modes of cellular and viral proteins
phosphorylation influenced by these two tumor viruses, and highlight the potential
therapeutic targets and strategies against their related cancers. ![]()
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Abstract
Post translational modifications (PTMs) are involved in variety of cellular activities and phosphorylation is one of the most extensively studied PTM, which regulates a number of cellular functions like cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and cell signaling in healthy condition. However, alterations in phosphorylation pathways result in serious outcomes in the form of diseases, especially cancer. Many signalling pathways including Tyrosine kinase, MAP kinase, Cadherin-catenin complex, Cyclin-dependent kinase etc. are major players of the cell cycle and deregulation in their phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cascade has been shown to be manifested in the form of various types of cancers. Tyrosine kinase family encompasses the greatest number of oncoproteins. MAPK cascade has an importance role in cancer growth and progression. Bcl-2 family proteins serve either proapoptotic or antiapoptotic function. Cadherin-catenin complex regulates cell adhesion properties and cyclins are the key regulators of cell cycle. Altered phosphorylations in any of the above pathways are strongly associated with cancer, at the same time they serve as the potential tergets for drug development against cancer. Drugs targeting tyrosine kinase are potent anticancer drugs. Inhibitors of MEK, PI3K and ERK signalling pathways are undergoing clinical trials. Thus, drugs targeting phosphorylation pathways represent a promising area for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ranchi Veterinary College, BAU, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Mahendra Ram
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ranchi Veterinary College, BAU, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, Ranchi Veterinary College, BAU, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Raju Prasad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ranchi Veterinary College, BAU, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Birendra Kumar Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ranchi Veterinary College, BAU, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Kaushal Kumar Singh
- Department of Pathology, Ranchi Veterinary College, BAU, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
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Ramos-García P, Gil-Montoya JA, Scully C, Ayén A, González-Ruiz L, Navarro-Triviño FJ, González-Moles MA. An update on the implications of cyclin D1 in oral carcinogenesis. Oral Dis 2017; 23:897-912. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - JA Gil-Montoya
- School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - C Scully
- University College of London; London UK
| | - A Ayén
- School of Medicine; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - L González-Ruiz
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real; Ciudad Real Spain
| | - FJ Navarro-Triviño
- Servicio de Dermatología; Complejo Hospitalario San Cecilio; Granada Spain
| | - MA González-Moles
- School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina; University of Granada; Granada Spain
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Awan FM, Obaid A, Ikram A, Janjua HA. Mutation-Structure-Function Relationship Based Integrated Strategy Reveals the Potential Impact of Deleterious Missense Mutations in Autophagy Related Proteins on Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): A Comprehensive Informatics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010139. [PMID: 28085066 PMCID: PMC5297772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionary conserved multifaceted lysosome-mediated bulk degradation system, plays a vital role in liver pathologies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Post-translational modifications (PTMs) and genetic variations in autophagy components have emerged as significant determinants of autophagy related proteins. Identification of a comprehensive spectrum of genetic variations and PTMs of autophagy related proteins and their impact at molecular level will greatly expand our understanding of autophagy based regulation. In this study, we attempted to identify high risk missense mutations that are highly damaging to the structure as well as function of autophagy related proteins including LC3A, LC3B, BECN1 and SCD1. Number of putative structural and functional residues, including several sites that undergo PTMs were also identified. In total, 16 high-risk SNPs in LC3A, 18 in LC3B, 40 in BECN1 and 43 in SCD1 were prioritized. Out of these, 2 in LC3A (K49A, K51A), 1 in LC3B (S92C), 6 in BECN1 (S113R, R292C, R292H, Y338C, S346Y, Y352H) and 6 in SCD1 (Y41C, Y55D, R131W, R135Q, R135W, Y151C) coincide with potential PTM sites. Our integrated analysis found LC3B Y113C, BECN1 I403T, SCD1 R126S and SCD1 Y218C as highly deleterious HCC-associated mutations. This study is the first extensive in silico mutational analysis of the LC3A, LC3B, BECN1 and SCD1 proteins. We hope that the observed results will be a valuable resource for in-depth mechanistic insight into future investigations of pathological missense SNPs using an integrated computational platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Mehwish Awan
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Obaid
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Aqsa Ikram
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Hussnain Ahmed Janjua
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
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Qie S, Diehl JA. Cyclin D1, cancer progression, and opportunities in cancer treatment. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:1313-1326. [PMID: 27695879 PMCID: PMC5145738 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 467] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells encode three D cyclins (D1, D2, and D3) that coordinately function as allosteric regulators of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 to regulate cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase. Cyclin expression, accumulation, and degradation, as well as assembly and activation of CDK4/CDK6 are governed by growth factor stimulation. Cyclin D1 is more frequently dysregulated than cyclin D2 or D3 in human cancers, and as such, it has been more extensively characterized. Overexpression of cyclin D1 results in dysregulated CDK activity, rapid cell growth under conditions of restricted mitogenic signaling, bypass of key cellular checkpoints, and ultimately, neoplastic growth. This review discusses cyclin D1 transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulations and its biological function with a particular focus on the mechanisms that result in its dysregulation in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Qie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Park GH, Hong SC, Jeong JB. Anticancer Activity of the Safflower Seeds (Carthamus tinctorius L.) through Inducing Cyclin D1 Proteasomal Degradation in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7732/kjpr.2016.29.3.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Palbociclib treatment of FLT3-ITD+ AML cells uncovers a kinase-dependent transcriptional regulation of FLT3 and PIM1 by CDK6. Blood 2016; 127:2890-902. [PMID: 27099147 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-11-683581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 30% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia have constitutively activating internal tandem duplications (ITDs) of the FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase. Such mutations are associated with a poor prognosis and a high propensity to relapse after remission. FLT3 inhibitors are being developed as targeted therapy for FLT3-ITD(+) acute myeloid leukemia; however, their use is complicated by rapid development of resistance, which illustrates the need for additional therapeutic targets. We show that the US Food and Drug Administration-approved CDK4/6 kinase inhibitor palbociclib induces apoptosis of FLT3-ITD leukemic cells. The effect is specific for FLT3-mutant cells and is ascribed to the transcriptional activity of CDK6: CDK6 but not its functional homolog CDK4 is found at the promoters of the FLT3 and PIM1 genes, another important leukemogenic driver. There CDK6 regulates transcription in a kinase-dependent manner. Of potential clinical relevance, combined treatment with palbociclib and FLT3 inhibitors results in synergistic cytotoxicity. Simultaneously targeting two critical signaling nodes in leukemogenesis could represent a therapeutic breakthrough, leading to complete remission and overcoming resistance to FLT3 inhibitors.
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Augello MA, Berman-Booty LD, Carr R, Yoshida A, Dean JL, Schiewer MJ, Feng FY, Tomlins SA, Gao E, Koch WJ, Benovic JL, Diehl JA, Knudsen KE. Consequence of the tumor-associated conversion to cyclin D1b. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 7:628-47. [PMID: 25787974 PMCID: PMC4492821 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence suggests that cyclin D1b, a variant of cyclin D1, is associated with tumor progression and poor outcome. However, the underlying molecular basis was unknown. Here, novel models were created to generate a genetic switch from cyclin D1 to cyclin D1b. Extensive analyses uncovered overlapping but non-redundant functions of cyclin D1b compared to cyclin D1 on developmental phenotypes, and illustrated the importance of the transcriptional regulatory functions of cyclin D1b in vivo. Data obtained identify cyclin D1b as an oncogene, wherein cyclin D1b expression under the endogenous promoter induced cellular transformation and further cooperated with known oncogenes to promote tumor growth in vivo. Further molecular interrogation uncovered unexpected links between cyclin D1b and the DNA damage/PARP1 regulatory networks, which could be exploited to suppress cyclin D1b-driven tumors. Collectively, these data are the first to define the consequence of cyclin D1b expression on normal cellular function, present evidence for cyclin D1b as an oncogene, and provide pre-clinical evidence of effective methods to thwart growth of cells dependent upon this oncogenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Augello
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa D Berman-Booty
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Carr
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jeffry L Dean
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew J Schiewer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott A Tomlins
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Pharmacology & Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Pharmacology & Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Benovic
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Alan Diehl
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Karen E Knudsen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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CDK6-a review of the past and a glimpse into the future: from cell-cycle control to transcriptional regulation. Oncogene 2015; 35:3083-91. [PMID: 26500059 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The G1 cell-cycle kinase CDK6 has long been thought of as a redundant homolog of CDK4. Although the two kinases have very similar roles in cell-cycle progression, it has recently become apparent that they differ in tissue-specific functions and contribute differently to tumor development. CDK6 is directly involved in transcription in tumor cells and in hematopoietic stem cells. These functions point to a role of CDK6 in tissue homeostasis and differentiation that is partially independent of CDK6's kinase activity and is not shared with CDK4. We review the literature on the contribution of CDK6 to transcription in an attempt to link the new findings on CDK6's transcriptional activity to cell-cycle progression. Finally, we note that anticancer therapies based on the inhibition of CDK6 kinase activity fail to take into account its kinase-independent role in tumor development.
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Nonsynonymous Single-Nucleotide Variations on Some Posttranslational Modifications of Human Proteins and the Association with Diseases. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2015; 2015:124630. [PMID: 26495027 PMCID: PMC4606098 DOI: 10.1155/2015/124630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play key roles in a variety of protein activities and cellular processes. Different PTMs show distinct impacts on protein functions, and normal protein activities are consequences of all kinds of PTMs working together. With the development of high throughput technologies such as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and next generation sequencing, more and more nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) that cause variation of amino acids have been identified, some of which result in the damage of PTMs. The damaged PTMs could be the reason of the development of some human diseases. In this study, we elucidated the proteome wide relationship of eight damaged PTMs to human inherited diseases and cancers. Some human inherited diseases or cancers may be the consequences of the interactions of damaged PTMs, rather than the result of single damaged PTM site.
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Tétreault MP. Esophageal Cancer: Insights From Mouse Models. CANCER GROWTH AND METASTASIS 2015; 8:37-46. [PMID: 26380556 PMCID: PMC4558891 DOI: 10.4137/cgm.s21218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the eighth leading cause of cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite recent advances in the development of surgical techniques in combination with the use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis for esophageal cancer remains poor. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer are still poorly understood. Hence, understanding these mechanisms is crucial to improving outcomes for patients with esophageal cancer. Mouse models constitute valuable tools for modeling human cancers and for the preclinical testing of therapeutic strategies in a manner not possible in human subjects. Mice are excellent models for studying human cancers because they are similar to humans at the physiological and molecular levels and because they have a shorter gestation time and life cycle. Moreover, a wide range of well-developed technologies for introducing genetic modifications into mice are currently available. In this review, we describe how different mouse models are used to study esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Tétreault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Song HM, Park GH, Eo HJ, Lee JW, Kim MK, Lee JR, Lee MH, Koo JS, Jeong JB. Anti-Proliferative Effect of Naringenin through p38-Dependent Downregulation of Cyclin D1 in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2015; 23:339-44. [PMID: 26157550 PMCID: PMC4489828 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NAR) as one of the flavonoids observed in grapefruit has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. However, more detailed mechanism by which NAR exerts anti-cancer properties still remains unanswered. Thus, in this study, we have shown that NAR down-regulates the level of cyclin D1 in human colorectal cancer cell lines, HCT116 and SW480. NAR inhibited the cell proliferation in HCT116 and SW480 cells and decreased the level of cyclin D1 protein. Inhibition of proteasomal degradation by MG132 blocked NAR-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation and the half-life of cyclin D1 was decreased in the cells treated with NAR. In addition, NAR increased the phosphorylation of cyclin D1 at threonine-286 and a point mutation of threonine-286 to alanine blocked cyclin D1 downregulation by NAR. p38 inactivation attenuated cyclin D1 downregulation by NAR. From these results, we suggest that NAR-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation may result from proteasomal degradation through p38 activation. The current study provides new mechanistic link between NAR, cyclin D1 downregulation and cell growth in human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Min Song
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Hyun Ji Eo
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Jin Wook Lee
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Mi Kyoung Kim
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Jeong Rak Lee
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio-industry, Andong 760-380
| | - Man Hyo Lee
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio-industry, Andong 760-380
| | - Jin Suk Koo
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749 ; Insititute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749 ; Insititute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
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Chen X, Zhang L, Zheng S, Zhang T, Li M, Zhang X, Zeng Z, McCrae MA, Zhao J, Zhuang H, Lu F. Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Stabilizes Cyclin D1 and Increases Cyclin D1 Nuclear Accumulation through ERK-Mediated Inactivation of GSK-3β. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:455-63. [PMID: 25712050 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) contributes centrally to the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been suggested that the transcriptional activation of cyclin D1 by HBx is implicated in the development of HCC. However, numerous studies have shown that overexpression of cyclin D1 alone is not sufficient to drive oncogenic transformation. Herein, we investigated whether HBx can stabilize cyclin D1 and induce cyclin D1 protein nuclear accumulation, and thereby accelerate hepatocarcinogenesis. The effects of HBx on cyclin D1 stabilization were assessed in cell-based transfection, Western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunocytofluorescence staining, and flow-cytometric assays. The results demonstrated that ectopic expression of HBx in HCC cells could extend the half-life of cyclin D1 protein from 40-60 minutes to 80-110 minutes. HBx stabilized cyclin D1 primarily in the S phase of the cell cycle, in a manner dependent on the inactivation of GSK-3β, which was mediated by ERK activation. HBx also prompted the nuclear accumulation of cyclin D1, and cotransfection of the constitutively active mutant of GSK-3β along with HBx could reverse the nuclear accumulation and subsequent cell proliferation induced by HBx. Further, a positive correlation between HBx and nuclear cyclin D1 level was established in HCC specimens detected by an immunohistochemical assay. Taken together, our results indicated that HBx could stabilize and increase cyclin D1 nuclear accumulation through ERK-mediated inactivation of GSK-3β. This HBx-induced cyclin D1 upregulation might play an important role in HCC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sujun Zheng
- Beijing YouAn hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Zeng
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | | | - Jingmin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhuang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fengmin Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China.
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A phosphorylation-related variant ADD1-rs4963 modifies the risk of colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121485. [PMID: 25816007 PMCID: PMC4376805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that abnormal protein phosphorylation could play an essential role in tumorgenesis by disrupting a variety of physiological processes such as cell growth, signal transduction and cell motility. Moreover, increasing numbers of phosphorylation-related variants have been identified in association with cancers. ADD1 (α-adducin), a versatile protein expressed ubiquitously in eukaryotes, exerts an important influence on membrane cytoskeleton, cell proliferation and cell-cell communication. Recently, a missense variant at the codon of ADD1's phosphorylation site, rs4963 (Ser586Cys), was reported to modify the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer. To explore the role of ADD1-rs4963 in colorectal cancer (CRC), we conducted a case-control study with a total of 1054 CRC cases and 1128 matched controls in a Chinese population. After adjustment for variables including age, gender, smoking and drinking, it was demonstrated that this variant significantly conferred susceptibility to CRC (G versus C: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03-1.31, P = 0.016; CG versus CC: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.02-1.55, P = 0.036; GG versus CC: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.06-1.72, P = 0.015). We further investigated the interaction of ADD1-rs4963 with smoking or drinking exposure, but found no significant result. This study is the first report of an association between ADD1 and CRC risk, promoting our knowledge of the genetics of CRC.
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Peyressatre M, Prével C, Pellerano M, Morris MC. Targeting cyclin-dependent kinases in human cancers: from small molecules to Peptide inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:179-237. [PMID: 25625291 PMCID: PMC4381256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK/Cyclins) form a family of heterodimeric kinases that play central roles in regulation of cell cycle progression, transcription and other major biological processes including neuronal differentiation and metabolism. Constitutive or deregulated hyperactivity of these kinases due to amplification, overexpression or mutation of cyclins or CDK, contributes to proliferation of cancer cells, and aberrant activity of these kinases has been reported in a wide variety of human cancers. These kinases therefore constitute biomarkers of proliferation and attractive pharmacological targets for development of anticancer therapeutics. The structural features of several of these kinases have been elucidated and their molecular mechanisms of regulation characterized in depth, providing clues for development of drugs and inhibitors to disrupt their function. However, like most other kinases, they constitute a challenging class of therapeutic targets due to their highly conserved structural features and ATP-binding pocket. Notwithstanding, several classes of inhibitors have been discovered from natural sources, and small molecule derivatives have been synthesized through rational, structure-guided approaches or identified in high throughput screens. The larger part of these inhibitors target ATP pockets, but a growing number of peptides targeting protein/protein interfaces are being proposed, and a small number of compounds targeting allosteric sites have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Peyressatre
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Camille Prével
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Morgan Pellerano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - May C Morris
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
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Tanshinone I induces cyclin D1 proteasomal degradation in an ERK1/2 dependent way in human colorectal cancer cells. Fitoterapia 2015; 101:162-8. [PMID: 25615593 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone I (TAN I) as one of the naturally occurring diterpenes from Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge (Danshen) has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Thus, we performed in vitro study to elucidate the biological mechanism by which TAN I may induce the inhibition of cell growth in human colorectal cancer cells. The treatment of TAN I suppressed the cell proliferation in HCT116 and SW480 cells and decreased the level of cyclin D1 protein. However, the mRNA level of cyclin D1 did not changed by TAN I treatment. Inhibition of proteasomal degradation by MG132 blocked TAN I-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation and the half-life of cyclin D1 was decreased in the cells treated with TAN I. In addition, phosphorylation of cyclin D1 at threonine-286 was increased by TAN I and a point mutation of threonine-286 to alanine attenuated TAN I-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation. Inhibition of ERK1/2 suppressed cyclin D1 phosphorylation and subsequent downregulation by TAN I. From these results, we suggest that TAN I-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation may result from proteasomal degradation through its ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of threonine-286. In conclusion, the current study provides new mechanistic link between TAN I, cyclin D1 downregulation and cell growth in human colorectal cancer cells.
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Li Y, Chitnis N, Nakagawa H, Kita Y, Natsugoe S, Yang Y, Li Z, Wasik M, Klein-Szanto AJP, Rustgi AK, Diehl JA. PRMT5 is required for lymphomagenesis triggered by multiple oncogenic drivers. Cancer Discov 2015; 5:288-303. [PMID: 25582697 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has been implicated as a key modulator of lymphomagenesis. Whether PRMT5 has overt oncogenic function in the context of leukemia/lymphoma and whether it represents a therapeutic target remains to be established. We demonstrate that inactivation of PRMT5 inhibits colony-forming activity by multiple oncogenic drivers, including cyclin D1, c-MYC, NOTCH1, and MLL-AF9. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PRMT5 overexpression specifically cooperates with cyclin D1 to drive lymphomagenesis in a mouse model, revealing inherent neoplastic activity. Molecular analysis of lymphomas revealed that arginine methylation of p53 selectively suppresses expression of crucial proapoptotic and antiproliferative target genes, thereby sustaining tumor cell self-renewal and proliferation and bypassing the need for the acquisition of inactivating p53 mutations. Critically, analysis of human tumor specimens reveals a strong correlation between cyclin D1 overexpression and p53 methylation, supporting the biomedical relevance of this pathway. SIGNIFICANCE We have identified and functionally validated a crucial role for PRMT5 for the inhibition of p53-dependent tumor suppression in response to oncogenic insults. The requisite role for PRMT5 in the context of multiple lymphoma/leukemia oncogenic drivers suggests a molecular rationale for therapeutic development.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Arginine/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cluster Analysis
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/genetics
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/metabolism
- Enzyme Activation
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Leukemia, T-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, T-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma/genetics
- Lymphoma/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Methylation
- Mice
- Mutation
- Oncogenes
- Phosphorylation
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/genetics
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nilesh Chitnis
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine and Genetics and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, and Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, and Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Mariusz Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Anil K Rustgi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine and Genetics and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Bachmann K, Neumann A, Hinsch A, Nentwich MF, El Gammal AT, Vashist Y, Perez D, Bockhorn M, Izbicki JR, Mann O. Cyclin D1 is a strong prognostic factor for survival in pancreatic cancer: analysis of CD G870A polymorphism, FISH and immunohistochemistry. J Surg Oncol 2014; 111:316-23. [PMID: 25470788 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cyclin D1 is an important regulator protein for the G1-S cell cycle phase transition. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the impact of the CCND1 polymorphism G870A and corresponding protein expression and CCND1 amplification on the survival of the patients. METHODS 425 patients with ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent resection were included after histopathological confirmation. DNA was analyzed for Cyclin D1 polymorphisms, immunhistochemical examination and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of the tumor were performed. RESULTS Overall, the mean survival was 22.9 months (20.5-25.3). The survival in patients with Cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism Adenine/Adenine was 15.1 months (95% CI 11.3-18.9), 21.5 months (17.4-25.6) for Adenine/Guanine, and 29.4 months (95% CI 23.8-35.0) for Guanine/Guanine (P = 0.003). A shorter survival was associated with strong/moderate protein expression in immunohistochemistry (IHC) compared to weak/no expression (P = 0.028). Additionally, a significant coherency between unfavourable polymorphism (AA/AG) and increased protein expression was detected (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS A strong impact on survival of Cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism and the detected corresponding protein expression was found. The biological mechanism of CCND1 in carcinogenesis has not been fully examined; but at present Cyclin D1 seems to be an interesting biomarker for the prognosis of ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bachmann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Xu YY, Yang F, Zhang Y, Shen HB. Bioimaging-based detection of mislocalized proteins in human cancers by semi-supervised learning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 31:1111-9. [PMID: 25414362 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MOTIVATION There is a long-term interest in the challenging task of finding translocated and mislocated cancer biomarker proteins. Bioimages of subcellular protein distribution are new data sources which have attracted much attention in recent years because of their intuitive and detailed descriptions of protein distribution. However, automated methods in large-scale biomarker screening suffer significantly from the lack of subcellular location annotations for bioimages from cancer tissues. The transfer prediction idea of applying models trained on normal tissue proteins to predict the subcellular locations of cancerous ones is arbitrary because the protein distribution patterns may differ in normal and cancerous states. RESULTS We developed a new semi-supervised protocol that can use unlabeled cancer protein data in model construction by an iterative and incremental training strategy. Our approach enables us to selectively use the low-quality images in normal states to expand the training sample space and provides a general way for dealing with the small size of annotated images used together with large unannotated ones. Experiments demonstrate that the new semi-supervised protocol can result in improved accuracy and sensitivity of subcellular location difference detection. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The data and code are available at: www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/SemiBiomarker/. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Xu
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hong-Bin Shen
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Li Z, Li X, Li C, Su Y, Fang W, Zhong C, Ji W, Zhang Q, Su C. Transcription factor OCT4 promotes cell cycle progression by regulating CCND1 expression in esophageal carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Żuryń A, Litwiniec A, Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska A, Nowak JM, Gackowska L, Myśliwiec BJ, Pawlik A, Grzanka A. Expression of cyclin D1 after treatment with doxorubicin in the HL-60 cell line. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:857-67. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Żuryń
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Karlowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Anna Litwiniec
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute Radzikow Research Division in Bydgoszcz; Department of Genetics and Breeding of Root Crops Laboratory of Biotechnology; Powstancow Wielkopolskich 10 85-090 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Anna Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Karlowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Jakub Marcin Nowak
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Karlowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Lidia Gackowska
- Department of Immunology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Sklodowskiej-Curie 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Bartosz Jakub Myśliwiec
- Students’ Scientific Society Department of Histology and Embryology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz ; Karlowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Karlowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Karlowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
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Chu X, Zhang T, Wang J, Li M, Zhang X, Tu J, Sun S, Chen X, Lu F. Alternative splicing variants of human Fbx4 disturb cyclin D1 proteolysis in human cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 447:158-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Casimiro MC, Velasco-Velázquez M, Aguirre-Alvarado C, Pestell RG. Overview of cyclins D1 function in cancer and the CDK inhibitor landscape: past and present. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:295-304. [PMID: 24387133 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.867017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intensive efforts, over the last decade, have been made to inhibit the kinase activity of cyclins that act as mediators during cell-cycle progression. Activation of the cyclin D1 oncogene, often by amplification or rearrangement, is a major driver of multiple types of human tumors including breast and squamous cell cancers, B-cell lymphoma, myeloma and parathyroid adenoma. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors summarize the activity of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in cell-cycle progression and transcription. They focus on cyclin D1/CDK4/CDK6, a central mediator in the transition from G1 to S phase. Furthermore, the authors discuss the first generation of pan-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors that failed to meet expectation and discuss, in detail, the second generation of highly specific cyclin D1/CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors that are proving to be more efficacious. EXPERT OPINION The mechanism by which cyclin D1 drives tumorigenesis may be dependent on kinase and kinase-independent functions. Further evidence is necessary to delineate the roles of cyclin D1 in early pre-neoplastic lesions where its overexpression may promote genomic instability in a kinase-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew C Casimiro
- Thomas Jefferson University & Hospital, Department of Cancer Biology , 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 , USA
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