1
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Rocha BGS, Picoli CC, Gonçalves BOP, Silva WN, Costa AC, Moraes MM, Costa PAC, Santos GSP, Almeida MR, Silva LM, Singh Y, Falchetti M, Guardia GDA, Guimarães PPG, Russo RC, Resende RR, Pinto MCX, Amorim JH, Azevedo VAC, Kanashiro A, Nakaya HI, Rocha EL, Galante PAF, Mintz A, Frenette PS, Birbrair A. Tissue-resident glial cells associate with tumoral vasculature and promote cancer progression. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:129-166. [PMID: 36183032 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are embedded within the tissue and interact dynamically with its components during cancer progression. Understanding the contribution of cellular components within the tumor microenvironment is crucial for the success of therapeutic applications. Here, we reveal the presence of perivascular GFAP+/Plp1+ cells within the tumor microenvironment. Using in vivo inducible Cre/loxP mediated systems, we demonstrated that these cells derive from tissue-resident Schwann cells. Genetic ablation of endogenous Schwann cells slowed down tumor growth and angiogenesis. Schwann cell-specific depletion also induced a boost in the immune surveillance by increasing tumor-infiltrating anti-tumor lymphocytes, while reducing immune-suppressor cells. In humans, a retrospective in silico analysis of tumor biopsies revealed that increased expression of Schwann cell-related genes within melanoma was associated with improved survival. Collectively, our study suggests that Schwann cells regulate tumor progression, indicating that manipulation of Schwann cells may provide a valuable tool to improve cancer patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz G S Rocha
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Caroline C Picoli
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bryan O P Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Walison N Silva
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alinne C Costa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele M Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro A C Costa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabryella S P Santos
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Milla R Almeida
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Youvika Singh
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Falchetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro P G Guimarães
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Remo C Russo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro C X Pinto
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Jaime H Amorim
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, BA, Brazil
| | - Vasco A C Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Kanashiro
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Medical Sciences Center, Rm 4385, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | | | - Edroaldo L Rocha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Medical Sciences Center, Rm 4385, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Precise identification of cancer cells from allelic imbalances in single cell transcriptomes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:884. [PMID: 36071103 PMCID: PMC9452529 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental step of tumour single cell mRNA analysis is separating cancer and non-cancer cells. We show that the common approach to separation, using shifts in average expression, can lead to erroneous biological conclusions. By contrast, allelic imbalances representing copy number changes directly detect the cancer genotype and accurately separate cancer from non-cancer cells. Our findings provide a definitive approach to identifying cancer cells from single cell mRNA sequencing data. The identification of cancer cells from single cell transcriptomes can be improved by detecting allelic imbalances due to copy number changes.
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3
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Farina AR, Cappabianca LA, Zelli V, Sebastiano M, Mackay AR. Mechanisms involved in selecting and maintaining neuroblastoma cancer stem cell populations, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:685-736. [PMID: 34367474 PMCID: PMC8316860 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric neuroblastomas (NBs) are heterogeneous, aggressive, therapy-resistant embryonal tumours that originate from cells of neural crest (NC) origin and in particular neuroblasts committed to the sympathoadrenal progenitor cell lineage. Therapeutic resistance, post-therapeutic relapse and subsequent metastatic NB progression are driven primarily by cancer stem cell (CSC)-like subpopulations, which through their self-renewing capacity, intermittent and slow cell cycles, drug-resistant and reversibly adaptive plastic phenotypes, represent the most important obstacle to improving therapeutic outcomes in unfavourable NBs. In this review, dedicated to NB CSCs and the prospects for their therapeutic eradication, we initiate with brief descriptions of the unique transient vertebrate embryonic NC structure and salient molecular protagonists involved NC induction, specification, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migratory behaviour, in order to familiarise the reader with the embryonic cellular and molecular origins and background to NB. We follow this by introducing NB and the potential NC-derived stem/progenitor cell origins of NBs, before providing a comprehensive review of the salient molecules, signalling pathways, mechanisms, tumour microenvironmental and therapeutic conditions involved in promoting, selecting and maintaining NB CSC subpopulations, and that underpin their therapy-resistant, self-renewing metastatic behaviour. Finally, we review potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects for targeting and eradication of these bastions of NB therapeutic resistance, post-therapeutic relapse and metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rosella Farina
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Lucia Annamaria Cappabianca
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Veronica Zelli
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Michela Sebastiano
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Andrew Reay Mackay
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy.
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4
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López-Carrasco A, Martín-Vañó S, Burgos-Panadero R, Monferrer E, Berbegall AP, Fernández-Blanco B, Navarro S, Noguera R. Impact of extracellular matrix stiffness on genomic heterogeneity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell line. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:226. [PMID: 33109237 PMCID: PMC7592549 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased tissue stiffness is a common feature of malignant solid tumors, often associated with metastasis and poor patient outcomes. Vitronectin, as an extracellular matrix anchorage glycoprotein related to a stiff matrix, is present in a particularly increased quantity and specific distribution in high-risk neuroblastoma. Furthermore, as cells can sense and transform the proprieties of the extracellular matrix into chemical signals through mechanotransduction, genotypic changes related to stiffness are possible. Methods We applied high density SNPa and NGS techniques to in vivo and in vitro models (orthotropic xenograft vitronectin knock-out mice and 3D bioprinted hydrogels with different stiffness) using two representative neuroblastoma cell lines (the MYCN-amplified SK-N-BE(2) and the ALK-mutated SH-SY5Y), to discern how tumor genomics patterns and clonal heterogeneity of the two cell lines are affected. Results We describe a remarkable subclonal selection of genomic aberrations in SK-N-BE(2) cells grown in knock-out vitronectin xenograft mice that also emerged when cultured for long times in stiff hydrogels. In particular, we detected an enlarged subclonal cell population with chromosome 9 aberrations in both models. Similar abnormalities were found in human high-risk neuroblastoma with MYCN amplification. The genomics of the SH-SY5Y cell line remained stable when cultured in both models. Conclusions Focus on heterogeneous intratumor segmental chromosome aberrations and mutations, as a mirror image of tumor microenvironment, is a vital area of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo López-Carrasco
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Martín-Vañó
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Burgos-Panadero
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Monferrer
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana P Berbegall
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Samuel Navarro
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Parsons BL. Multiclonal tumor origin: Evidence and implications. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 777:1-18. [PMID: 30115427 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An accurate understanding of the clonal origins of tumors is critical for designing effective strategies to treat or prevent cancer and for guiding the field of cancer risk assessment. The intent of this review is to summarize evidence of multiclonal tumor origin and, thereby, contest the commonly held assumption of monoclonal tumor origin. This review describes relevant studies of X chromosome inactivation, analyses of tumor heterogeneity using other markers, single cell sequencing, and lineage tracing studies in aggregation chimeras and engineered rodent models. Methods for investigating tumor clonality have an inherent bias against detecting multiclonality. Despite this, multiclonality has been observed within all tumor stages and within 53 different types of tumors. For myeloid tumors, monoclonal tumor origin may be the predominant path to cancer and a monoclonal tumor origin cannot be ruled out for a fraction of other cancer types. Nevertheless, a large body of evidence supports the conclusion that most cancers are multiclonal in origin. Cooperation between different cell types and between clones of cells carrying different genetic and/or epigenetic lesions is discussed, along with how polyclonal tumor origin can be integrated with current perspectives on the genesis of tumors. In order to develop biologically sound and useful approaches to cancer risk assessment and precision medicine, mathematical models of carcinogenesis are needed, which incorporate multiclonal tumor origin and the contributions of spontaneous mutations in conjunction with the selective advantages conferred by particular mutations and combinations of mutations. Adherence to the idea that a growth must develop from a single progenitor cell to be considered neoplastic has outlived its usefulness. Moving forward, explicit examination of tumor clonality, using advanced tools, like lineage tracing models, will provide a strong foundation for future advances in clinical oncology and better training for the next generation of oncologists and pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Parsons
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079, United States.
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6
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Mlakar V, Jurkovic Mlakar S, Lopez G, Maris JM, Ansari M, Gumy-Pause F. 11q deletion in neuroblastoma: a review of biological and clinical implications. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:114. [PMID: 28662712 PMCID: PMC5492892 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 (11q deletion) is one of the most frequent events that occur during the development of aggressive neuroblastoma. Clinically, 11q deletion is associated with higher disease stage and decreased survival probability. During the last 25 years, extensive efforts have been invested to identify the precise frequency of 11q aberrations in neuroblastoma, the recurrently involved genes, and to understand the molecular mechanisms of 11q deletion, but definitive answers are still unclear. In this review, it is our intent to compile and review the evidence acquired to date on 11q deletion in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gonzalo Lopez
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Gumy-Pause
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Hayes DA, Kunde DA, Taylor RL, Pyecroft SB, Sohal SS, Snow ET. ERBB3: A potential serum biomarker for early detection and therapeutic target for devil facial tumour 1 (DFT1). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177919. [PMID: 28591206 PMCID: PMC5462353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Devil Facial Tumour 1 (DFT1) is one of two transmissible neoplasms of Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) predominantly affecting their facial regions. DFT1's cellular origin is that of Schwann cell lineage where lesions are evident macroscopically late in the disease. Conversely, the pre-clinical timeframe from cellular transmission to appearance of DFT1 remains uncertain demonstrating the importance of an effective pre-clinical biomarker. We show that ERBB3, a marker expressed normally by the developing neural crest and Schwann cells, is immunohistohemically expressed by DFT1, therefore the potential of ERBB3 as a biomarker was explored. Under the hypothesis that serum ERBB3 levels may increase as DFT1 invades local and distant tissues our pilot study determined serum ERBB3 levels in normal Tasmanian devils and Tasmanian devils with DFT1. Compared to the baseline serum ERBB3 levels in unaffected Tasmanian devils, Tasmanian devils with DFT1 showed significant elevation of serum ERBB3 levels. Interestingly Tasmanian devils with cutaneous lymphoma (CL) also showed elevation of serum ERBB3 levels when compared to the baseline serum levels of Tasmanian devils without DFT1. Thus, elevated serum ERBB3 levels in otherwise healthy looking devils could predict possible DFT1 or CL in captive or wild devil populations and would have implications on the management, welfare and survival of Tasmanian devils. ERBB3 is also a therapeutic target and therefore the potential exists to consider modes of administration that may eradicate DFT1 from the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane A. Hayes
- Department of Primary Industries, Parks Water and Environment, Animal Health Laboratory, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- Save the Tasmanian Devil Program, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Dale A. Kunde
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Taylor
- Save the Tasmanian Devil Program, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries, Parks Water and Environment, Resource Management and Conservation, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stephen B. Pyecroft
- School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Elizabeth T. Snow
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
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8
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Schwann cells: a new player in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 66:959-968. [PMID: 27885383 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous cells must cooperate with the surrounding stroma and non-malignant cells within the microenvironment to support the growth and invasion of the tumor. The nervous system is a component of every organ system of the body, and therefore, is invariably at the front line of the tumor invasion. Due to the complexity of the nervous system physiology, this review separately discusses the contributions of the central and peripheral nervous systems to the tumorigenesis and tumor progression. We further focus the discussion on the evidence that Schwann cells aid in tumor growth and invasion. Schwann cells, a largely unexplored element of the tumor microenvironment, may participate in the creation of tumor-favorable conditions through both bi-directional interaction with cancer cells and the facilitation of the immune-suppressive microenvironment through the mechanism of neural repair and immunomodulation.
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9
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Dvorkina M, Nieddu V, Chakelam S, Pezzolo A, Cantilena S, Leite AP, Chayka O, Regad T, Pistorio A, Sementa AR, Virasami A, Barton J, Montano X, Lechertier T, Brindle N, Morgenstern D, Lebras M, Burns AJ, Saunders NJ, Hodivala-Dilke K, Bagella L, De The H, Anderson J, Sebire N, Pistoia V, Sala A, Salomoni P. A Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein-Thrombospondin-2 Axis and the Risk of Relapse in Neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3398-409. [PMID: 27076624 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy originating from the sympathetic nervous system with a complex biology, prone to metastasize and relapse. High-risk, metastatic cases are explained in part by amplification or mutation of oncogenes, such as MYCN and ALK, and loss of tumor suppressor genes in chromosome band 1p. However, it is fundamental to identify other pathways responsible for the large portion of neuroblastomas with no obvious molecular alterations. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Neuroblastoma cell lines were used for the assessment of tumor growth in vivo and in vitro Protein expression in tissues and cells was assessed using immunofluorescence and IHC. The association of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) expression with neuroblastoma outcome and relapse was calculated using log-rank and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. Gene expression was assessed using chip microarrays. RESULTS PML is detected in the developing and adult sympathetic nervous system, whereas it is not expressed or is low in metastatic neuroblastoma tumors. Reduced PML expression in patients with low-risk cancers, that is, localized and negative for the MYCN proto-oncogene, is strongly associated with tumor recurrence. PML-I, but not PML-IV, isoform suppresses angiogenesis via upregulation of thrombospondin-2 (TSP2), a key inhibitor of angiogenesis. Finally, PML-I and TSP2 expression inversely correlates with tumor angiogenesis and recurrence in localized neuroblastomas. CONCLUSIONS Our work reveals a novel PML-I-TSP2 axis for the regulation of angiogenesis and cancer relapse, which could be used to identify patients with low-risk, localized tumors that might benefit from chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3398-409. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dvorkina
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Nieddu
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Environment and Health, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom. Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Shalini Chakelam
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Pezzolo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sandra Cantilena
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Environment and Health, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom. Laboratorio di Oncologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ana Paula Leite
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olesya Chayka
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom. UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tarik Regad
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Angela Rita Sementa
- Laboratorio di Anatomia Patologica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Alex Virasami
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Jack Barton
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ximena Montano
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Brindle
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Morgenstern
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Morgane Lebras
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Burns
- Laboratorio di Oncologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy. Birth Defects Research Centre. Dept. Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nigel J Saunders
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Environment and Health, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Sant-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Hugues De The
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Anderson
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Neil Sebire
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Arturo Sala
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Environment and Health, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Paolo Salomoni
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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10
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Ratner N, Brodeur GM, Dale RC, Schor NF. The "neuro" of neuroblastoma: Neuroblastoma as a neurodevelopmental disorder. Ann Neurol 2016; 80:13-23. [PMID: 27043043 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a childhood cancer derived from cells of neural crest origin. The hallmarks of its enigmatic character include its propensity for spontaneous regression under some circumstances and its association with paraneoplastic opsoclonus, myoclonus, and ataxia. The neurodevelopmental underpinnings of its origins may provide important clues for development of novel therapeutic and preventive agents for this frequently fatal malignancy and for the associated paraneoplastic syndromes. Ann Neurol 2016;80:13-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Ratner
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Garrett M Brodeur
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Russell C Dale
- Clinical School, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nina F Schor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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11
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Masserot C, Liu Q, Nguyen E, Gattolliat CH, Valteau-Couanet D, Bénard J, Huber C, Ségal-Bendirdjian E. WT1 expression is inversely correlated with MYCN amplification or expression and associated with poor survival in non-MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Mol Oncol 2015; 10:240-52. [PMID: 26482175 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra cranial solid tumor in childhood and the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm during infancy. A striking feature of this tumor is its clinical heterogeneity. Several tumor progression markers have been delineated so far, among which MYCN amplification, which occurs in about 25% of total NB cases, with the percentage increasing to 30% in advanced stage NB. Although MYCN amplification is strongly correlated with NB of poor outcome, the MYCN status cannot alone predict all cases of poor survival in NB. Indeed NB without MYCN amplification (about 70-80% of NB) are not always favorable. WT1 was initially identified as a tumor suppressor gene involved in the development of a pediatric renal tumor (Wilms' tumor). Here, we describe an inverse correlation between WT1 expression and MYCN amplification and expression. However and most notably, our results show that WT1 gene expression is associated with a poor outcome for patients showing non-MYCN-amplified tumors. Thus WT1 expression is clinically significant in NB and may be a prognostic marker for better risk stratification and for an optimized therapeutic management of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Masserot
- INSERM UMR-S 1007, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris, France; Université Paris-Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
| | - Qingyuan Liu
- INSERM UMR-S 1007, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris, France; Université Paris-Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
| | - Eric Nguyen
- INSERM UMR-S 1007, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris, France; Université Paris-Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Gattolliat
- Université Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France; Signalisation, Noyaux et Innovations Thérapeutiques en Cancérologie CNRS-UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Jean Bénard
- Université Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France; Signalisation, Noyaux et Innovations Thérapeutiques en Cancérologie CNRS-UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Huber
- MAP5, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; INSERM UMR-S 1018, 16 bis Avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94804, Villejuif, France
| | - Evelyne Ségal-Bendirdjian
- INSERM UMR-S 1007, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris, France; Université Paris-Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France.
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12
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Pajtler KW, Mahlow E, Odersky A, Lindner S, Stephan H, Bendix I, Eggert A, Schramm A, Schulte JH. Neuroblastoma in dialog with its stroma: NTRK1 is a regulator of cellular cross-talk with Schwann cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:11180-92. [PMID: 25361003 PMCID: PMC4294349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In neuroblastoma, the most common solid tumor of childhood, excellent prognosis is associated with extensive Schwann cell (SC) content and high-level expression of the neurotrophin receptor, NTRK1/TrkA, which is known to mediate neuroblastoma cell differentiation. We hypothesized that both stromal composition and neuroblastic differentiation are based on bidirectional neuroblastoma-SC interaction. Reanalysis of microarray data from human SY5Y neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with either NTRK1 or NTRK2 revealed upregulation of the mRNA for the SC growth factor, NRG1, in NTRK1-positive cells. Media conditioned by NTRK1-expressing neuroblastoma cells induced SC proliferation and migration, while antibody-based NRG1 neutralization significantly decreased these effects. Vice versa, NRG1-stimulated SC secreted the NTRK1-specific ligand, NGF. SC-conditioned medium activated the NTRK1 receptor in a neuroblastoma cell culture model conditionally expressing NTRK1 and induced differentiation markers in NTRK1-expressing cells. NTRK1 induction in neuroblastoma xenografts mixed with primary SC also significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. We propose a model for NTRK1-mediated and NRG1-dependent attraction of adjacent SC, which in turn induce neuroblastic differentiation by secretion of the NTRK1-specific ligand, NGF. These findings have implications for understanding the mature and less malignant neuroblastoma phenotype associated with NTRK1 expression, and could assist the development of new therapeutic strategies for neuroblastoma differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian W Pajtler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Mahlow
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Odersky
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Lindner
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Stephan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Peditrics I/ Neonatology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Schramm
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children`s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany. Translational Neuro-Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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13
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Angelini P, Baruchel S, Marrano P, Irwin MS, Thorner PS. The neuroblastoma and ganglion components of nodular ganglioneuroblastoma are genetically similar: evidence against separate clonal origins. Mod Pathol 2015; 28:166-76. [PMID: 25081755 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nodular ganglioneuroblastoma is characterized by a macroscopic nodule of neuroblastoma within a ganglioneuromatous component. These two components have been considered to originate from separate clones, with the neuroblastoma clone accounting for the clinical behavior of nodular ganglioneuroblastoma. In order to investigate the clonal origin of the cellular components (neuroblasts, ganglion cells, and Schwann cells) of nodular ganglioneuroblastoma, paraffin-embedded tumor samples from eight cases were analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism array and in situ hybridization. DNA was extracted separately from neuroblastomatous and ganglioneuromatous areas. By in situ hybridization, MYCN gain (4-10 gene copies/nucleus) was detected in 7/8 neuroblastoma samples. In ganglioneuromatous regions, gains were also detected in ganglion cells but not in Schwann cells. Single-nucleotide polymorphism array studies identified chromosome losses (11q and 14q) and gains (12, 13q, 17q and 18q) in the neuroblastoma component, whereas the ganglioneuromatous component showed fewer or no genetic alterations. There were no unique copy number changes distinguishing nodular ganglioneuroblastoma from other subtypes of neuroblastoma. By in situ hybridization, ganglion cells but not Schwann cells showed the same alterations detected in neuroblasts. Thus, neuroblasts and ganglion cells in nodular ganglioneuroblastoma are genetically related and may arise from the same clone. In contrast, the Schwann cells have a different origin and may be derived from a non-neoplastic neural crest precursor. Our results suggest that the clinical behavior of nodular ganglioneuroblastoma cannot be explained by the presence of separate clones with distinct genetic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Angelini
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvain Baruchel
- 1] Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paula Marrano
- Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- 1] Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul S Thorner
- 1] Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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14
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Schleiermacher G, Janoueix-Lerosey I, Delattre O. Recent insights into the biology of neuroblastoma. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:2249-61. [PMID: 25124476 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonal tumor of the sympathetic nervous system which accounts for 8-10% of pediatric cancers. It is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical behaviors from spontaneous regression to fatal outcome despite aggressive therapies. Considerable progress has been made recently in the germline and somatic genetic characterization of patients and tumors. Indeed, predisposition genes that account for a significant proportion of familial and syndromic cases have been identified and genome-wide association studies have retrieved a number of susceptibility loci. In addition, genome-wide sequencing, copy-number and expression studies have been conducted on tumors and have detected important gene modifications, profiles and signatures that have strong implications for the therapeutic stratification of patients. The identification of major players in NB oncogenesis, including MYCN, ALK, PHOX2B and LIN28B, has enabled the development of new animal models. Our review focuses on these recent advances, on the insights they provide on the mechanisms involved in NB development and their applications for the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Schleiermacher
- Equipe SIRIC Recherche Translationnelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique, Département de Recherche Translationnelle et Inserm U830, Centre de Recherche, Paris Cedex, 05, France; Département de pédiatrie, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex, 05, France; Unité Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Inserm U830, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex, 05, France
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15
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Ambros IM, Brunner C, Abbasi R, Frech C, Ambros PF. Ultra-High Density SNParray in Neuroblastoma Molecular Diagnostics. Front Oncol 2014; 4:202. [PMID: 25161957 PMCID: PMC4129917 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma serves as a paradigm for applying tumor genomic data for determining patient prognosis and thus for treatment allocation. MYCN status, i.e., amplified vs. non-amplified, was one of the very first biomarkers in oncology to discriminate aggressive from less aggressive or even favorable clinical courses of neuroblastoma. However, MYCN amplification is by far not the only genetic change associated with unfavorable clinical courses. So called “segmental chromosomal aberrations,” (SCAs) i.e., gains or losses of chromosomal fragments, can also indicate tumor aggressiveness. The clinical use of these genomic aberrations has, however, been hampered for many years by methodical and interpretational problems. Only after reaching worldwide consensus on markers, methodology, and data interpretation, information on SCAs has recently been implemented in clinical studies. Now, a number of collaborative studies within COG, GPOH, and SIOPEN use genomic information to stratify therapy for patients with localized and metastatic disease. Recently, new types of DNA based aberrations influencing the clinical behavior of neuroblastomas have been described. Deletions or mutations of genes like ATRX and a phenomenon referred to as “chromothripsis” are all assumed to correlate with an unfavorable clinical behavior. However, these genomic aberrations need to be scrutinized in larger studies applying the most appropriate techniques. Single nucleotide polymorphism arrays have proven successful in deciphering genomic aberrations of cancer cells; these techniques, however, are usually not applied in the daily routine. Here, we present an ultra-high density (UHD) SNParray technique which is, because of its high specificity and sensitivity and the combined copy number and allele information, highly appropriate for the genomic diagnosis of neuroblastoma and other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M Ambros
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung , Vienna , Austria
| | - Clemens Brunner
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung , Vienna , Austria
| | - Reza Abbasi
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung , Vienna , Austria
| | - Christian Frech
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung , Vienna , Austria
| | - Peter F Ambros
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung , Vienna , Austria ; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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16
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Veschi V, Petroni M, Bartolazzi A, Altavista P, Dominici C, Capalbo C, Boldrini R, Castellano A, McDowell HP, Pizer B, Frati L, Screpanti I, Gulino A, Giannini G. Galectin-3 is a marker of favorable prognosis and a biologically relevant molecule in neuroblastic tumors. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1100. [PMID: 24603328 PMCID: PMC3973198 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Childhood neuroblastic tumors are characterized by heterogeneous clinical courses, ranging from benign ganglioneuroma (GN) to highly lethal neuroblastoma (NB). Although a refined prognostic evaluation and risk stratification of each tumor patient is becoming increasingly essential to personalize treatment options, currently only few biomolecular markers (essentially MYCN amplification, chromosome 11q status and DNA ploidy) are validated for this purpose in neuroblastic tumors. Here we report that Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in multiple biological functions that has already acquired diagnostic relevance in specific clinical settings, is variably expressed in most differentiated and less aggressive neuroblastic tumors, such as GN and ganglioneuroblastoma, as well as in a subset of NB cases. Gal-3 expression is associated with the INPC histopathological categorization (P<0.001) and Shimada favorable phenotype (P=0.001), but not with other prognostically relevant features. Importantly, Gal-3 expression was associated with a better 5-year overall survival (P=0.003), and with improved cumulative survival in patient subsets at worse prognosis, such as older age at diagnosis, advanced stages or NB histopathological classification. In vitro, Gal-3 expression and nuclear accumulation accompanied retinoic acid-induced cell differentiation in NB cell lines. Forced Gal-3 overexpression increased phenotypic differentiation and substrate adherence, while inhibiting proliferation. Altogether, these findings suggest that Gal-3 is a biologically relevant player for neuroblastic tumors, whose determination by conventional immunohistochemistry might be used for outcome assessment and patient's risk stratification in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Veschi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - M Petroni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bartolazzi
- 1] Department of Pathology, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy [2] Pathology Research Laboratory, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Altavista
- Unit of Radiation Biology and Human Health, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Research Center Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - C Dominici
- 1] Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy [2] School of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Liverpool University, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - R Boldrini
- Division of Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Castellano
- Division of Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - H P McDowell
- 1] Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy [2] School of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Liverpool University, Liverpool, UK
| | - B Pizer
- Department of Oncology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Frati
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - I Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - A Gulino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - G Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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17
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Bourdeaut F, Grison C, Maurage CA, Laquerriere A, Vasiljevic A, Delisle MB, Michalak S, Figarella-Branger D, Doz F, Richer W, Pierron G, Miquel C, Delattre O, Couturier J. MYC and MYCN amplification can be reliably assessed by aCGH in medulloblastoma. Cancer Genet 2013; 206:124-9. [PMID: 23578955 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As prognostic factors, MYC and MYCN amplifications are routinely assessed in medulloblastomas. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is currently considered as the technique of reference. Recently, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) has been developed as an alternative technique to evaluate genomic abnormalities in other tumor types; however, this technique has not been widely adopted as a replacement for FISH in medulloblastoma. In this study, 34 tumors were screened by both FISH and aCGH. In all cases showing amplification by FISH, aCGH also unambiguously revealed the abnormality. The aCGH technique was also performed on tumors showing no amplification by FISH, and the absence of amplification was confirmed in all cases. Interestingly, one tumor showed a subclonal MYC amplification by FISH. This subclonal amplification was observed in approximately 20% of tumor cells and was clearly evident on aCGH. In conclusion, our analysis confirms that aCGH is as safe as FISH for the detection of MYC/MYCN gene amplification. Given its cost efficiency in comparison to two FISH tests and the global genomic information additionally provided by an aCGH experiment, this reproducible technique can be safely retained as an alternative to FISH for routine investigation of medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Bourdeaut
- INSERM U830, Laboratory of Genetics and Biology of Cancers, Curie Institute, Paris, France.
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18
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SMARCB1 deficiency in tumors from the peripheral nervous system: a link between schwannomas and rhabdoid tumors? Am J Surg Pathol 2012; 36:964-72. [PMID: 22614000 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0b013e31825798f1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inactivation of SMARCB1 tumor-suppressor gene was originally described as highly specific for rhabdoid tumors (RTs). Nevertheless, recent reports have illustrated that SMARCB1 alterations also characterize other tumors; in particular, some familial schwannomatosis and epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, both from peripheral nervous system (PNS) origin, lack BAF47 expression. To document the putative role of SMARCB1 in PNS, we reviewed PNS tumors referred to our institution for a molecular analysis of SMARCB1 because of histologic features compatible with RT. METHODS Clinicopathologic, radiologic, and molecular characteristics were detailed for the 12 cases showing loss of expression and/or biallelic inactivation of SMARCB1. The status of the NF2 gene, likely to synergize with SMARCB1 in PNS tumors, was also analyzed. RESULTS Patients' age ranged from 0 to 45 years (median age, 6.6 y). Neurological symptoms were observed in 7/12 cases with radiologic features evoking a neuroblastic tumor in 6 cases and a peripheral nerve tumor in 4 cases. The mean delay before diagnosis was 3 months. Histologic examination revealed rhabdoid features in 11/12 tumors. All tumors showed a complete loss of SMARCB1 expression. Interestingly, adjacent nervous proliferation resembling neurofibromas were observed in 3 cases, suggesting a multistep transformation. Three tumors harbored a hemizygous deletion at the NF2 locus, but all NF2 sequences were normal. CONCLUSIONS We report the first series of PNS RT. In patients with aggressive PNS tumors, RT should be suspected, and anti-SMARCB1 immunohistochemical analysis should be performed. SMARCB1 inactivation, occasionally associated with NF2 deletion, might have oncogenic effects in peripheral nerves.
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Nagashimada M, Ohta H, Li C, Nakao K, Uesaka T, Brunet JF, Amiel J, Trochet D, Wakayama T, Enomoto H. Autonomic neurocristopathy-associated mutations in PHOX2B dysregulate Sox10 expression. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:3145-58. [PMID: 22922260 DOI: 10.1172/jci63401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common forms of neurocristopathy in the autonomic nervous system are Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), resulting in congenital loss of enteric ganglia, and neuroblastoma (NB), childhood tumors originating from the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla. The risk for these diseases dramatically increases in patients with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) harboring a nonpolyalanine repeat expansion mutation of the Paired-like homeobox 2b (PHOX2B) gene, but the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis remains unknown. We found that introducing nonpolyalanine repeat expansion mutation of the PHOX2B into the mouse Phox2b locus recapitulates the clinical features of the CCHS associated with HSCR and NB. In mutant embryos, enteric and sympathetic ganglion progenitors showed sustained sex-determining region Y (SRY) box10 (Sox10) expression, with impaired proliferation and biased differentiation toward the glial lineage. Nonpolyalanine repeat expansion mutation of PHOX2B reduced transactivation of wild-type PHOX2B on its known target, dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), in a dominant-negative fashion. Moreover, the introduced mutation converted the transcriptional effect of PHOX2B on a Sox10 enhancer from repression to transactivation. Collectively, these data reveal that nonpolyalanine repeat expansion mutation of PHOX2B is both a dominant-negative and gain-of-function mutation. Our results also demonstrate that Sox10 regulation by PHOX2B is pivotal for the development and pathogenesis of the autonomic ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Nagashimada
- Laboratory for Neuronal Differentiation and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan
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20
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Characteristics and outcome of patients with ganglioneuroblastoma, nodular subtype: A report from the INRG project. Eur J Cancer 2012; 48:1185-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Acosta S, Mayol G, Rodríguez E, Lavarino C, de Preter K, Kumps C, Garcia I, de Torres C, Mora J. Identification of tumoral glial precursor cells in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2011; 312:73-81. [PMID: 21903323 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastic tumors (NBT) are composed by neuroblasts and Schwannian-like stroma. The origin of these two cell subtypes remains unclear. In this study, we describe, a neuroblastic-like subpopulation in neuroblastoma (NB) coexpressing GD2 and S100A6, neuroblastic and glial lineage markers respectively. The GD2(+)/S100A6(+) neuroblastic subpopulation was found to be enriched in low risk NB, distributed around the perivascular niche. Some stromal bundles showed GD2(+)/S100A6 costaining. Metastatic bone marrow specimens also showed GD2(+)/S100A6(+) cells. During in vitro retinoic acid induced differentiation of NB cell lines, rare GD2(+)/S100A6 neuroblatic cells appeared. We conclude that GD2(+)/S100A6(+) neuroblasts may represent a tumoral glial precursor subpopulation in NBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Acosta
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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Janoueix-Lerosey I, Schleiermacher G, Delattre O. Molecular pathogenesis of peripheral neuroblastic tumors. Oncogene 2010; 29:1566-79. [PMID: 20101209 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonal cancer of the sympathetic nervous system observed in early childhood, characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical behaviors, ranging from spontaneous regression to fatal outcome despite aggressive therapies. NB accounts for 8-10% of pediatric cancers and 15% of the deaths attributable to malignant conditions in children. Interestingly, NB may occur in various contexts, being mostly sporadic but also familial or syndromic. This review focuses on recent advances in the identification of the genes and mechanisms implicated in NB pathogenesis. Although the extensive characterization of the genomic aberrations recurrently observed in sporadic NBs provides important insights into the understanding of the clinical heterogeneity of this neoplasm, analysis of familial and syndromic cases also unravels essential clues on the genetic bases of NB. Recently, the ALK gene emerged as an important NB gene, being implicated both in sporadic and familial cases. The identification of gene expression signatures associated with patient's outcome points out the potential of using gene expression profiling to improve clinical management of patients suffering from NB. Finally, based on recent observations integrating genomic analyses, biological data and clinical information, we discuss possible evolution/progression schemes in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Janoueix-Lerosey
- INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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23
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International consensus for neuroblastoma molecular diagnostics: report from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) Biology Committee. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:1471-82. [PMID: 19401703 PMCID: PMC2694415 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma serves as a paradigm for utilising tumour genomic data for determining patient prognosis and treatment allocation. However, before the establishment of the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) Task Force in 2004, international consensus on markers, methodology, and data interpretation did not exist, compromising the reliability of decisive genetic markers and inhibiting translational research efforts. The objectives of the INRG Biology Committee were to identify highly prognostic genetic aberrations to be included in the new INRG risk classification schema and to develop precise definitions, decisive biomarkers, and technique standardisation. The review of the INRG database (n=8800 patients) by the INRG Task Force finally enabled the identification of the most significant neuroblastoma biomarkers. In addition, the Biology Committee compared the standard operating procedures of different cooperative groups to arrive at international consensus for methodology, nomenclature, and future directions. Consensus was reached to include MYCN status, 11q23 allelic status, and ploidy in the INRG classification system on the basis of an evidence-based review of the INRG database. Standardised operating procedures for analysing these genetic factors were adopted, and criteria for proper nomenclature were developed. Neuroblastoma treatment planning is highly dependant on tumour cell genomic features, and it is likely that a comprehensive panel of DNA-based biomarkers will be used in future risk assignment algorithms applying genome-wide techniques. Consensus on methodology and interpretation is essential for uniform INRG classification and will greatly facilitate international and cooperative clinical and translational research studies.
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Acosta S, Lavarino C, Paris R, Garcia I, de Torres C, Rodríguez E, Beleta H, Mora J. Comprehensive characterization of neuroblastoma cell line subtypes reveals bilineage potential similar to neural crest stem cells. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2009; 9:12. [PMID: 19216736 PMCID: PMC2647534 DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-9-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuroblastic tumors (NBT) derive from neural crest stem cells (NCSC). Histologically, NBT are composed by neuroblasts and Schwannian cells. In culture, neuroblastic (N-), substrate-adherent (S-) and intermediate phenotype (I-) cell subtypes arise spontaneously. Methods Here, neuroblastoma (NB) cell line subtypes were characterized according to embryonic peripheral nervous system development markers (GAP43, Phox2b, Sox10, c-kit, GD2, NF68, vimentin, S100β, calcyclin and ABCG2), morphological features, gene expression and differentiation potential. I-type cells were investigated as a bipotential (neuronal and glial) differentiation stage. Results Positive immunostaining of NCSC (GAP43, c-kit, NF68, vimentin and Phox2b) and undifferentiated cell (ABCG2) markers was observed in all NB subtypes. N- and I-type cells displayed cytoplasmic membrane GD2 staining, while nuclear calcyclin was restricted to S-type. N- and I-type cells showed similar phenotype and immunoreactivity pattern. Differential gene expression was associated with each cell subtype. N- and I-type cells displayed similar differentiation capacity towards neuronal and glial lineage fates. S-type cells, upon induction, did not show a neuronal-like phenotype, despite gene expression changes. Conclusion Results suggest that N- and I-type NB cell subtypes represent an immature bilineage stage, able to progress towards neuronal and glial fates upon induction of differentiation. S-type cells appear irreversibly committed to a glial lineage fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Acosta
- Developmental tumor biology laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
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