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Rosemann J, Pyko J, Jacob R, Macho J, Kappler M, Eckert AW, Haemmerle M, Gutschner T. NANOS1 restricts oral cancer cell motility and TGF-ß signaling. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151400. [PMID: 38401491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent type of cancer of the head and neck area accounting for approx. 377,000 new cancer cases every year. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program plays an important role in OSCC progression and metastasis therefore contributing to a poor prognosis in patients with advanced disease. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) is a powerful inducer of EMT thereby increasing cancer cell aggressiveness. Here, we aimed at identifying RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that affect TGF-ß-induced EMT. To this end we treated oral cancer cells with TGF-ß and identified a total of 643 significantly deregulated protein-coding genes in response to TGF-ß. Of note, 19 genes encoded RBPs with NANOS1 being the most downregulated RBP. Subsequent cellular studies demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect of NANOS1 on migration and invasion of SAS oral cancer cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed an interaction of NANOS1 with the TGF-ß receptor 1 (TGFBR1) mRNA, leading to increased decay of this transcript and a reduced TGFBR1 protein expression, thereby preventing downstream TGF-ß/SMAD signaling. In summary, we identified NANOS1 as negative regulator of TGF-ß signaling in oral cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rosemann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA biology and pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Jonas Pyko
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA biology and pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Roland Jacob
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA biology and pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Jana Macho
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA biology and pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Matthias Kappler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Alexander W Eckert
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg 90471, Germany
| | - Monika Haemmerle
- Institute of Pathology, Section for Experimental Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Tony Gutschner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA biology and pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany.
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2
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Seay TW, Suo Z. Roles of Extracellular Vesicles on the Progression and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2023; 12:1879. [PMID: 37508544 PMCID: PMC10378249 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a global health challenge as it is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and is often found in liver cells, where it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by HCC cells play a critical role in HCC progression and metastasis. EVs contain proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites as cargos. EVs derived from HCC cells can transfer oncogenic factors to surrounding cells leading to increased tumor growth, cell invasion, and angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize the roles that EVs play and the specific effects of their cargos on HCC progression and metastasis and identify potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turner W Seay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Zucai Suo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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3
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Ilaslan E, Sajek MP, Jaruzelska J, Kusz-Zamelczyk K. Emerging Roles of NANOS RNA-Binding Proteins in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169408. [PMID: 36012673 PMCID: PMC9409212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, growing evidence demonstrates that mammalian Nanos RNA-binding proteins (Nanos1, Nanos2, and Nanos3), known for their indispensable roles in germline development, are overexpressed in a variety of cancers. This overexpression contributes to various oncogenic properties including cancer growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. Here, we highlight recent findings regarding the role of mammalian Nanos RNA-binding proteins and the mechanisms of their overexpression in cancer. In addition, we present expression profiles of human NANOS genes and their oncogenic transcriptional regulators obtained from publicly available cancer and normal tissue RNA-Seq datasets. Altogether, we emphasize the functional significance of NANOS proteins across human cancers as well as highlight the missing links to understanding the full scope of their role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkut Ilaslan
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.I.); (K.K.-Z.)
| | - Marcin Piotr Sajek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jadwiga Jaruzelska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Kusz-Zamelczyk
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.I.); (K.K.-Z.)
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4
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Yang P, Qiao Y, Meng M, Zhou Q. Cancer/Testis Antigens as Biomarker and Target for the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy of Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:864159. [PMID: 35574342 PMCID: PMC9092596 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.864159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading type of malignant tumour among cancer-caused death worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is only 18%. Various oncogenes are abnormally overexpressed in lung cancer, including cancer/testis antigens (CTAs), which are restrictively expressed in the male testis but are hardly expressed in other normal tissues, if at all. CTAs are aberrantly overexpressed in various types of cancer, with more than 60 CTAs abnormally overexpressed in lung cancer. Overexpression of oncogenic CTAs drives the initiation, metastasis and progression of lung cancer, and is closely associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Several CTAs, such as XAGE, SPAG9 and AKAP4, have been considered as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of lung cancer. More interestingly, due to the high immunogenicity and specificity of CTAs in cancer, several CTAs, including CT45, BCAP31 and ACTL8, have been targeted for developing novel therapeutics against cancer. CTA-based vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T) and small molecules have been used in lung cancer treatment in pre-clinical and early clinical trials, with encouraging results being obtained. However, there are still many hurdles to be overcome before these therapeutics can be routinely used in clinical lung cancer therapy. This review summarises the recent rapid progress in oncogenic CTAs, focusing on CTAs as biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis and prognostic prediction, and as targets for novel anti-cancer drug discovery and lung cancer therapy. We also identify challenges and opportunities in CTA-based cancer diagnosis and treatment. Finally, we provide perspectives on the mechanisms of oncogenic CTAs in lung cancer development, and we also suggest CTAs as a new platform for lung cancer diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and novel anti-cancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yingnan Qiao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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5
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Tian W, Wang P, Wang Z, Qi H, Dong J, Wang H. Phospholipid Phosphatase 4 as a Driver of Malignant Glioma and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:790676. [PMID: 34917513 PMCID: PMC8669803 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.790676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma and pancreatic cancer are tumors with a high degree of malignancy, morbidity, and mortality. The present study explored possible molecular mechanisms and potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker-PLPP4 of glioma and PAAD. PLPP4 is differentially elevated in glioma and PAAD tissues. Statistical analysis from TCGA demonstrated that high expression of PLPP4 significantly and positively correlated with clinicopathological features, including pathological grade and poor overall survival in glioma and PAAD patients. Following this, the methylation levels of PLPP4 also affected overall survival in clinical tissue samples. Silencing PLPP4 inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration in LN229 cells and PANC-1 cells. Moreover, the combination of multiple proteins for the prognosis prediction of glioma and PAAD was evaluated. These results were conducted to elaborate on the potential roles of the biomarker-PLPP4 in clonability and invasion of glioma and PAAD cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhimei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Qi
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junhong Dong
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Liu L, Xu K, Zhou Y. Development of a novel embryonic germline gene-related prognostic model of lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12257. [PMID: 34721973 PMCID: PMC8542372 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence implicates the correlation of embryonic germline genes with the tumor progress and patient's outcome. However, the prognostic value of these genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been fully studied. Here we systematically evaluated this issue, and constructed a novel signature and a nomogram associated with embryonic germline genes for predicting the outcomes of lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS The LUAD cohorts retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used as training set and testing set, respectively. The embryonic germline genes were downloaded from the website https://venn.lodder.dev. Then, the differentially expressed embryonic germline genes (DEGGs) between the tumor and normal samples were identified by limma package. The functional enrichment and pathway analyses were also performed by clusterProfiler package. The prognostic model was constructed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression method. Survival and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to validate the model using training set and four testing GEO datasets. Finally, a prognostic nomogram based on the signature genes was constructed using multivariate regression method. RESULTS Among the identified 269 DEGGs, 249 were up-regulated and 20 were down-regulated. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that these DEGGs were mainly enriched in the process of cell proliferation and DNA damage repair. Then, 103 DEGGs with prognostic value were identified by univariate Cox regression and further filtered by LASSO method. The resulting sixteen DEGGs were included in step multivariate Cox regression and an eleven embryonic germline gene related signature (EGRS) was constructed. The model could robustly stratify the LUAD patients into high-risk and low-risk groups in both training and testing sets, and low-risk patients had much better outcomes. The multi-ROC analysis also showed that the EGRS model had the best predictive efficacy compared with other common clinicopathological factors. The EGRS model also showed robust predictive ability in four independent external datasets, and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.726 (GSE30219), 0.764 (GSE50081), 0.657 (GSE37745) and 0.668 (GSE72094). More importantly, the expression level of some genes in EGRS has a significant correlation with the progression of LUAD clinicopathology, suggesting these genes might play an important role in the progression of LUAD. Finally, based on EGRS genes, we built and calibrated a nomogram for conveniently evaluating patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, China CDC, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yubai Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
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7
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Zhang F, Liu R, Liu C, Zhang H, Lu Y. Nanos3, a cancer-germline gene, promotes cell proliferation, migration, chemoresistance, and invasion of human glioblastoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:197. [PMID: 32508533 PMCID: PMC7249350 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery have made crucial strides in glioblastoma treatment, yet they often fail; thus, new treatment and new detection methods are needed. Aberrant expression of Nanos3 has been functionally associated with various cancers. Here, we sought to identify the clinical significance and potential mechanisms of Nanos3 in human glioblastoma. Methods Nanos3 expression was studied in nude mouse glioblastoma tissues and glioblastoma cell lines by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 gene editing assay was performed to generate the Nanos3 knockdown glioblastoma cell lines. The effects of Nanos3 on glioblastoma cells proliferation, migration, invasion, chemoresistance, germ cell characteristics, and tumor formation were analyzed by CCK8, transwell, cell survival experiments and alkaline phosphatase staining in vitro and in nude mouse models in vivo. Correlation between the expression of stemness proteins and the expression of Nanos3 was evaluated by Western blot. Results We found that Nanos3 was strongly expressed in both glioblastoma cell lines and tissues. Western blot and sequencing assays showed that the Nanos3 knockdown glioblastoma cell lines were established successfully, and we discovered that Nanos3 deletion reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells in vitro (P < 0.05). Nanos3 knockdown enhanced the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to doxorubicin (DOX) and temozolomide (TMZ) (P < 0.05), and Nanos3+/- glioblastoma cell lines did not show the characteristics of the germline cells. In addition, Nanos3 deletion inhibited subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in vivo (P < 0.001). Moreover, the oncogenesis germline protein levels of CD133, Oct4, Ki67, and Dazl decreased significantly in glioblastoma cells following Nanos3 knockdown. Conclusions Both in vitro and in vivo assays suggest that Nanos3, which is a cancer-germline gene, initiates the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma via acquiring the oncogenesis germline traits. These data demonstrate that ectopic germline traits are necessary for glioblastoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Ruilai Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Haishi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040 China
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8
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Human NANOS1 Represses Apoptosis by Downregulating Pro-Apoptotic Genes in the Male Germ Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21083009. [PMID: 32344590 PMCID: PMC7215683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21083009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While two mouse NANOS paralogues, NANOS2 and NANOS3, are crucial for maintenance of germ cells by suppression of apoptosis, the mouse NANOS1 paralogue does not seem to regulate these processes. Previously, we described a human NANOS1 p.[(Pro34Thr);(Ser83del)] mutation associated with the absence of germ cells in seminiferous tubules of infertile patients, which might suggest an anti-apoptotic role of human NANOS1. In this study, we aimed to determine a potential influence of human NANOS1 on the maintenance of TCam-2 model germ cells by investigating proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Constructs encoding wild-type or mutated human NANOS1 were used for transfection of TCam-2 cells, in order to investigate the effect of NANOS1 on cell proliferation, which was studied using a colorimetric assay, as well as apoptosis and the cell cycle, which were measured by flow cytometry. RNA-Seq (RNA sequencing) analysis followed by RT-qPCR (reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction) was conducted for identifying pro-apoptotic genes repressed by NANOS1. Here, we show that overexpression of NANOS1 downregulates apoptosis in TCam-2 cells. Moreover, we found that NANOS1 represses a set of pro-apoptotic genes at the mRNA level. We also found that the infertility-associated p.[(Pro34Thr);(Ser83del)] mutation causes NANOS1 to functionally switch from being anti-apoptotic to pro-apoptotic in the human male germ cell line. Thus, this report is the first to show an anti-apoptotic role of NANOS1 exerted by negative regulation of mRNAs of pro-apoptotic genes.
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9
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Mikkola L, Holopainen S, Pessa-Morikawa T, Lappalainen AK, Hytönen MK, Lohi H, Iivanainen A. Genetic dissection of canine hip dysplasia phenotypes and osteoarthritis reveals three novel loci. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:1027. [PMID: 31881848 PMCID: PMC6935090 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis continue to be prevalent problems in veterinary and human medicine. Canine hip dysplasia is particularly problematic as it massively affects several large-sized breeds and can cause a severe impairment of the quality of life. In Finland, the complex condition is categorized to five classes from normal to severe dysplasia, but the categorization includes several sub-traits: congruity of the joint, Norberg angle, subluxation degree of the joint, shape and depth of the acetabulum, and osteoarthritis. Hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis have been proposed to have separate genetic etiologies. Results Using Fédération Cynologique Internationale -standardized ventrodorsal radiographs, German shepherds were rigorously phenotyped for osteoarthritis, and for joint incongruity by Norberg angle and femoral head center position in relation to dorsal acetabular edge. The affected dogs were categorized into mild, moderate and severe dysplastic phenotypes using official hip scores. Three different genome-wide significant loci were uncovered. The strongest candidate genes for hip joint incongruity were noggin (NOG), a bone and joint developmental gene on chromosome 9, and nanos C2HC-type zinc finger 1 (NANOS1), a regulator of matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) on chromosome 28. Osteoarthritis mapped to a long intergenic region on chromosome 1, between genes encoding for NADPH oxidase 3 (NOX3), an intriguing candidate for articular cartilage degradation, and AT-rich interactive domain 1B (ARID1B) that has been previously linked to joint laxity. Conclusions Our findings highlight the complexity of canine hip dysplasia phenotypes. In particular, the results of this study point to the potential involvement of specific and partially distinct loci and genes or pathways in the development of incongruity, mild dysplasia, moderate-to-severe dysplasia and osteoarthritis of canine hip joints. Further studies should unravel the unique and common mechanisms for the various sub-traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Mikkola
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66 (Mustialankatu 1), FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila Holopainen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66 (Mustialankatu 1), FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Pessa-Morikawa
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66 (Mustialankatu 1), FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu K Lappalainen
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjo K Hytönen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66 (Mustialankatu 1), FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66 (Mustialankatu 1), FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Iivanainen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66 (Mustialankatu 1), FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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Umeh-Garcia M, Simion C, Ho PY, Batra N, Berg AL, Carraway KL, Yu A, Sweeney C. A Novel Bioengineered miR-127 Prodrug Suppresses the Growth and Metastatic Potential of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 80:418-429. [PMID: 31694904 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
miR-127 is downregulated in breast cancer, where it has been shown to suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), miR-127 downregulation correlates with decreased disease-free and overall patient survival. Tumor suppressor miRNAs may hold therapeutic promise but progress has been limited by several factors, including the lability and high cost of miRNA mimics. Here, we take a novel approach to produce a miR-127 prodrug (miR-127PD), which we demonstrate is processed to mature, functional miR-127-3p in TNBC tumor cells. miR-127PD decreased the viability and motility of TNBC cells, sensitized TNBC cells to chemotherapy, and restricted the TNBC stem cell population. Furthermore, systemic delivery of miR-127PD suppressed tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells and spontaneous metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, CERK, NANOS1, FOXO6, SOX11, SOX12, FASN, and SUSD2 were identified as novel, functionally important targets of miR-127. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that miR-127 functions as a tumor and metastasis suppressor in TNBC and that delivery of miR-127 may hold promise as a novel therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: Exogenous administration of miR-127, which is functionally activated in target cells, inhibits growth and spontaneous metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Umeh-Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Catalina Simion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Pui-Yan Ho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Neelu Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Anastasia L Berg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Kermit L Carraway
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Aiming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Colleen Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California.
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11
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Andries V, De Keuckelaere E, Staes K, Hochepied T, Taminau J, Lemeire K, Birembaut P, Berx G, van Roy F. A new mouse model to study the role of ectopic Nanos3 expression in cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:598. [PMID: 31208373 PMCID: PMC6580527 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NANOS3 is a gene conserved throughout evolution. Despite the quite low conservation of Nanos sequences between different organisms and even between Nanos paralogs, their role in germ cell development is remarkably universal. Human Nanos3 expression is normally restricted to the gonads and the brain. However, ectopic activation of this gene has been detected in various human cancers. Until now, Nanos3 and other Nanos proteins have been studied almost exclusively in germ cell development. METHODS Transgenic mice were generated by targeted insertion of a human Nanos3 cDNA into the ROSA26 locus. The transgene could be spatiotemporally induced by Cre recombinase activity removing an upstream floxed STOP cassette. A lung tumor model with ectopic Nanos3 expression was based on the lung-specific activation of the reverse tetracycline transactivator gene, in combination with a tetO-CMV promoter controlling Cre expression. When doxycycline was provided to the mice, Cre was activated leading to deletion of TP53 alleles and activation of both oncogenic KRasG12D and Nanos3. Appropriate controls were foreseen. Tumors and tumor-derived cell cultures were analyzed in various ways. RESULTS We describe the successful generation of Nanos3LSL/- and Nanos3LSL/LSL mice in which an exogenous human NANOS3 gene can be activated in vivo upon Cre expression. These mice, in combination with different conditional and doxycycline-inducible Cre lines, allow the study of the role of ectopic Nanos3 expression in several cancer types. The Nanos3LSL mice were crossed with a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) mouse model based on conditional expression of oncogenic KRas and homozygous loss of p53. This experiment demonstrated that ectopic expression of Nanos3 in the lungs has a significant negative effect on survival. Enhanced bronchiolar dysplasia was observed when Nanos3-expressing NSCLC mice were compared with control NSCLC mice. An allograft experiment, performed with cell cultures derived from primary lung tumors of control and Nanos3-expressing NSCLC mice, revealed lymph node metastasis in mice injected with Nanos3-expressing NSCLC cells. CONCLUSIONS A new mouse model was generated allowing examination of Nanos3-associated pathways and investigation of the influence of ectopic Nanos3 expression in various cancer types. This model might identify Nanos3 as an interesting target in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Andries
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evi De Keuckelaere
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Staes
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tino Hochepied
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim Taminau
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Birembaut
- INSERM UMRS 1250, Department of Biopathology, CHU Maison-Blanche, University Hospital of Reims & University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, rue Cognacq-Jay 45, 51092, Reims, France
| | - Geert Berx
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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De Keuckelaere E, Hulpiau P, Saeys Y, Berx G, van Roy F. Nanos genes and their role in development and beyond. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1929-1946. [PMID: 29397397 PMCID: PMC11105394 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hallmark of Nanos proteins is their typical (CCHC)2 zinc finger motif (zf-nanos). Animals have one to four nanos genes. For example, the fruit fly and demosponge have only one nanos gene, zebrafish and humans have three, and Fugu rubripes has four. Nanos genes are mainly known for their evolutionarily preserved role in germ cell survival and pluripotency. Nanos proteins have been reported to bind the C-terminal RNA-binding domain of Pumilio to form a post-transcriptional repressor complex. Several observations point to a link between the miRNA-mediated repression complex and the Nanos/Pumilio complex. Repression of the E2F3 oncogene product is, indeed, mediated by cooperation between the Nanos/Pumilio complex and miRNAs. Another important interaction partner of Nanos is the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex. Besides the tissue-specific contribution of Nanos proteins to normal development, their ectopic expression has been observed in several cancer cell lines and various human cancers. An inverse correlation between the expression levels of human Nanos1 and Nanos3 and E-cadherin was observed in several cancer cell lines. Loss of E-cadherin, an important cell-cell adhesion protein, contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of Nanos3 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cell lines partly by repressing E-cadherin. Other than some most interesting data from Nanos knockout mice, little is known about mammalian Nanos proteins, and further research is needed. In this review, we summarize the main roles of Nanos proteins and discuss the emerging concept of Nanos proteins as oncofetal antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi De Keuckelaere
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S9, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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13
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Bell AH, DeMonte F, Raza SM, Rhines LD, Tatsui CE, Prieto VG, Fuller GN, Bell D. Transcriptome comparison identifies potential biomarkers of spine and skull base chordomas. Virchows Arch 2017; 472:489-497. [PMID: 28844110 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chordomas are rare, slowly growing, locally aggressive bone neoplasms that arise from embryonic remnants of the notochord, showing dual epithelial-mesenchymal differentiation. The high plasticity probably is the main reason for the high variety in phenotypes of chordoma, from its high heterogeneity on a cellular level to its subtype variations depending on tissue location, with its potential to develop from an inactive quiescent form to an aggressive cancer with extreme adaptability and resistance to drugs and other treatments. Gene expression profiles of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skull chordoma, spine chordoma, and normal tissue specimens were generated and compared. Using strict criteria, we identified 222 differentially expressed transcripts unique to skull base chordoma, 261 unique to spine chordoma, and 192 common to both chordoma subtypes. Further analysis of these three groups of transcripts allowed the selection of three subsets of highly differentially expressed genes as potential biomarkers, disease drivers, and therapeutic targets in both chordoma subtypes. Immunohistochemistry revealed LMX1A to be dominant in skull base chordoma, SALL3 to be unique to spine chordoma, and T to be common to both chordoma subtypes. In both chordoma subtypes, the genes with the highest expression were predominantly development-related genes, mostly transcription factors. Our findings indicate that these developmental genes play important oncogenic roles in chordoma, mainly causing high plasticity and resistance to therapy in both these cancer subtypes but also determining their differentiation status and proliferation activity, pointing to features expected of heterogeneous stem cell-like tissues with similarities to their notochord origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim H Bell
- Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Pathology Research Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Franco DeMonte
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Neurosurgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaan M Raza
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Neurosurgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laurence D Rhines
- Neurosurgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudio E Tatsui
- Neurosurgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victor G Prieto
- Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gregory N Fuller
- Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Diana Bell
- Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Head and Neck Surgery Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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14
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Shen J, Yokota S, Yokoi H, Suzuki T. Diethylnitrosamine-induced expression of germline-specific genes and pluripotency factors, including vasa and oct4, in medaka somatic cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:858-63. [PMID: 27514449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Various methods have been developed to reprogram mammalian somatic cells into pluripotent cells as well as to directly reprogram somatic cells into other cell lineages. We are interested in applying these methods to fish, and here, we examined whether mRNA expression of germline-specific genes (vasa, nanos2, -3) and pluripotency factors (oct4, sox2, c-myc, nanog) is inducible in somatic cells of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). We found that the expression of vasa is induced in the gut and regenerating fin by exposure to a carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Induction of vasa in the gut started on the 5th day of treatment with >50 ppm DEN. In addition, nanos2, -3, oct4, sox2, klf4, c-myc, and nanog were also expressed simultaneously in some vasa-positive gut and regenerating fin samples. Vasa-positive cells were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the muscle surrounding the gut and in the wound epidermis, blastema, and fibroblast-like cells in regenerating fin. In vasa:GFP transgenic medaka, green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence appeared in the wound epidermis and fibroblast-like cells in the regenerating fin following DEN exposure, in agreement with the IHC data. Our data show that mRNA expression of genes relevant to germ cell specification and pluripotency can be induced in fish somatic cells by exposure to DEN, suggesting the possibility of efficient and rapid cell reprogramming of fish somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Shen
- Laboratory of Marine Life Science and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Shinpei Yokota
- Laboratory of Marine Life Science and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Hayato Yokoi
- Laboratory of Marine Life Science and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Tohru Suzuki
- Laboratory of Marine Life Science and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
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15
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Zhang C, Robinson BS, Xu W, Yang L, Yao B, Zhao H, Byun PK, Jin P, Veraksa A, Moberg KH. The ecdysone receptor coactivator Taiman links Yorkie to transcriptional control of germline stem cell factors in somatic tissue. Dev Cell 2015; 34:168-80. [PMID: 26143992 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a conserved signaling cascade that modulates tissue growth. Although its core elements are well defined, factors modulating Hippo transcriptional outputs remain elusive. Here we show that components of the steroid-responsive ecdysone (Ec) pathway modulate Hippo transcriptional effects in imaginal disc cells. The Ec receptor coactivator Taiman (Tai) interacts with the Hippo transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki) and promotes expression of canonical Yki-responsive genes. Tai enhances Yki-driven growth, while Tai loss, or a form of Tai unable to bind Yki, suppresses Yki-driven tissue growth. This growth suppression is not correlated with impaired induction of canonical Hippo-responsive genes but with suppression of a distinct pro-growth program of Yki-induced/Tai-dependent genes, including the germline stem cell factors nanos and piwi. These data reveal Hippo/Ec pathway crosstalk in the form a Yki-Tai complex that collaboratively induces germline genes as part of a transcriptional program that is normally repressed in developing somatic epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Brian S Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Heya Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Phil K Byun
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alexey Veraksa
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Kenneth H Moberg
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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16
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Grelet S, Andries V, Polette M, Gilles C, Staes K, Martin AP, Kileztky C, Terryn C, Dalstein V, Cheng CW, Shen CY, Birembaut P, Van Roy F, Nawrocki-Raby B. The human NANOS3 gene contributes to lung tumour invasion by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Pathol 2015; 237:25-37. [PMID: 25904364 DOI: 10.1002/path.4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We have explored the role of the human NANOS3 gene in lung tumour progression. We show that NANOS3 is over-expressed by invasive lung cancer cells and is a prognostic marker for non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). NANOS3 gene expression is restricted in testis and brain and is regulated by epigenetic events. It is up-regulated in cultured cells undergoing epithelial - mesenchymal transition (EMT). NANOS3 over-expression in human NSCLC cell lines enhances their invasiveness by up-regulating EMT, whereas its silencing induces mesenchymal - epithelial transition. NANOS3 represses E-cadherin at the transcriptional level and up-regulates vimentin post-transcriptionally. Also, we show that NANOS3 binds mRNAs encoding vimentin and regulates the length of their poly(A) tail. Finally, NANOS3 can also protect vimentin mRNA from microRNA-mediated repression. We thus demonstrate a role for NANOS3 in the acquisition of invasiveness by human lung tumour cells and propose a new mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Grelet
- INSERM UMR-S 903, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - Vanessa Andries
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium.,Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Myriam Polette
- INSERM UMR-S 903, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France.,Laboratory of Histology, CHU Reims, France
| | - Christine Gilles
- Laboratory of Developmental and Tumour Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Katrien Staes
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium.,Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Claire Kileztky
- INSERM UMR-S 903, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - Christine Terryn
- Plateforme Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - Véronique Dalstein
- INSERM UMR-S 903, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France.,Laboratory of Histology, CHU Reims, France
| | - Chun-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Philippe Birembaut
- INSERM UMR-S 903, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France.,Laboratory of Histology, CHU Reims, France
| | - Frans Van Roy
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium.,Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
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17
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Desjarlais M, Pratt J, Lounis A, Mounier C, Haidara K, Annabi B. Tetracycline derivative minocycline inhibits autophagy and inflammation in concanavalin-a-activated human hepatoma cells. GENE REGULATION AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2014; 8:63-73. [PMID: 24634581 PMCID: PMC3948715 DOI: 10.4137/grsb.s13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of soluble matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is among the non-antibiotic cellular effects exerted by the anti-inflammatory tetracycline derivative minocycline. The impact of minocycline on the signal transduction functions of membrane-bound MMPs is however unknown. We assessed minocycline in a concanavalin-A (ConA)-activated human HepG2 hepatoma cell model, a condition known to increase the expression of membrane type-1 MMP (MT-MMP) and to trigger inflammatory and autophagy processes. We found that minocycline inhibited ConA-induced formation of autophagic acidic vacuoles, green fluorescent microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (GFP-LC3) puncta formation, gene and protein expression of autophagy biomarker BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), invasion biomarker MT1-MMP, and inflammation biomarker cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Gene silencing of MT1-MMP abrogated ConA-induced formation of autophagic acidic vacuoles and ConA-induced expressions of BNIP3 and COX-2. Minocycline was also shown to inhibit ConA-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation as well as gene expression of NANOS1, a biomarker believed to colocalize with MT1-MMP and the specific silencing of which further inhibited ConA-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that part of minocycline’s effects on autophagy could be exerted through the inhibition of MT1-MMP signaling functions, which contribute to the autophagy and inflammatory phenotype of ConA-activated HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Desjarlais
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Pratt
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amine Lounis
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Centre de Recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Mounier
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Centre de Recherche BioMed, Université du Québec à Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Khadidja Haidara
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Borhane Annabi
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
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18
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Dhar SS, Alam H, Li N, Wagner KW, Chung J, Ahn YW, Lee MG. Transcriptional repression of histone deacetylase 3 by the histone demethylase KDM2A is coupled to tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:7483-96. [PMID: 24482232 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.521625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of histone methyltransferases and demethylases is an emerging epigenetic mechanism underlying cancer development and metastasis. We recently showed that the histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) demethylase KDM2A (also called FBXL11 and JHDM1A) is necessary for tumorigenic and metastatic capabilities of KDM2A-overexpressing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Here, we report that KDM2A transcriptionally represses the histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) gene by removing methyl groups from dimethylated H3K36 at the HDAC3 promoter in KDM2A-overexpressing NSCLC cells. KDM2A depletion reduced expression levels of cell cycle-associated genes (e.g. CDK6) and cell invasion-related genes (e.g. NANOS1); these levels were rescued by ectopic expression of KDM2A but not its catalytic mutant. These genes were occupied and down-regulated by HDAC3. HDAC3 knockdown significantly recovered the proliferation and invasiveness of KDM2A-depleted NSCLC cells as well as the levels of CDK6 and NANOS1 expression in these cells. Similar to their previously reported functions in other cell types, CDK6 and NANOS1 were required for the proliferation and invasion, respectively, of KDM2A-overexpressing NSCLC cells. In a mouse xenograft model, HDAC3 depletion substantially restored the tumorigenic ability of KDM2A knockdown cells. These findings reveal a novel cancer-epigenetic pathway in which the antagonistic effect of KDM2A on HDAC3 expression releases cell cycle-associated genes and cell invasion-related genes from HDAC3 repression and indicate the importance of this pathway for tumorigenicity and invasiveness of KDM2A-overexpressing NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa S Dhar
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology and
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19
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Yao G, He P, Chen L, Hu X, Gu F, Ye C. MT1-MMP in breast cancer: induction of VEGF-C correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:98. [PMID: 24119788 PMCID: PMC3852241 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C)- dependent tumour production promotes lymphangiogenesis, while membrane-type matrix 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is involved in the critical steps leading to carcinogenesis. However, the role of MT1-MMP in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis remains poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between MT1-MMP and VEGF-C in human breast cancer and correlated MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression with lymphangiogenesis and prognosis. METHODS MT1-MMP and VEGF-C levels were compared in five breast carcinoma cell lines. We used a membrane invasion assay to assess the effect of MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression, as well as anti-MT1-MMP and VEGF-C antibodies, on cancer cell invasion. We further assessed MT1-MMP and VEGF-C immunoreactivity and lymph vessels in a cohort of human breast cancer specimens (n = 106) and associated MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression with clinicopathological parameters, such as lymphatic vessel density (LVD), and patient prognosis. RESULTS MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression differed among the five breast cancer cell lines and MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression were correlated with tumour cell invasion. VEGF-C mRNA expression levels and invasive activity of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited by an anti-MT1-MMP antibody in a concentration-dependent manner. A significant correlation was found between the expression of MT1-MMP and VEGF-C in breast cancer patient samples and elevated MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression was associated with higher LVD, lymph node metastasis, cancer stage, and a decline in overall survival rates. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that MT1-MMP expression is closely correlated with VEGF-C expression, and that MT1-MMP promotes lymphangiogenesis by up-regulating VEGF-C expression in human breast cancer. Thus, elevated MT1-MMP may serve as a significant prognostic factor in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Yao
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lujia Chen
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fan Gu
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changsheng Ye
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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20
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Chang KC, Wang C, Wang H. Balancing self-renewal and differentiation by asymmetric division: insights from brain tumor suppressors in Drosophila neural stem cells. Bioessays 2012; 34:301-10. [PMID: 22287225 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Balancing self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells is an important issue in stem cell and cancer biology. Recently, the Drosophila neuroblast (NB), neural stem cell has emerged as an excellent model for stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis. It is of great interest to understand how defects in the asymmetric division of neural stem cells lead to tumor formation. Here, we review recent advances in asymmetric division and the self-renewal control of Drosophila NBs. We summarize molecular mechanisms of asymmetric cell division and discuss how the defects in asymmetric division lead to tumor formation. Gain-of-function or loss-of-function of various proteins in the asymmetric machinery can drive NB overgrowth and tumor formation. These proteins control either the asymmetric protein localization or mitotic spindle orientation of NBs. We also discuss other mechanisms of brain tumor suppression that are beyond the control of asymmetric division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen Chang
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorder Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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21
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Janic A, Mendizabal L, Llamazares S, Rossell D, Gonzalez C. Ectopic expression of germline genes drives malignant brain tumor growth in Drosophila. Science 2011; 330:1824-7. [PMID: 21205669 DOI: 10.1126/science.1195481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Model organisms such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster can help to elucidate the molecular basis of complex diseases such as cancer. Mutations in the Drosophila gene lethal (3) malignant brain tumor cause malignant growth in the larval brain. Here we show that l(3)mbt tumors exhibited a soma-to-germline transformation through the ectopic expression of genes normally required for germline stemness, fitness, or longevity. Orthologs of some of these genes were also expressed in human somatic tumors. In addition, inactivation of any of the germline genes nanos, vasa, piwi, or aubergine suppressed l(3)mbt malignant growth. Our results demonstrate that germline traits are necessary for tumor growth in this Drosophila model and suggest that inactivation of germline genes might have tumor-suppressing effects in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Janic
- Cell Division Group, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), PCB, c/Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, Spain
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Rowe RG, Weiss SJ. Navigating ECM barriers at the invasive front: the cancer cell-stroma interface. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2010; 25:567-95. [PMID: 19575644 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.24.110707.175315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A seminal event in cancer progression is the ability of the neoplastic cell to mobilize the necessary machinery to breach surrounding extracellular matrix barriers while orchestrating a host stromal response that ultimately supports tissue-invasive and metastatic processes. With over 500 proteolytic enzymes identified in the human genome, interconnecting webs of protease-dependent and protease-independent processes have been postulated to drive the cancer cell invasion program via schemes of daunting complexity. Increasingly, however, a body of evidence has begun to emerge that supports a unifying model wherein a small group of membrane-tethered enzymes, termed the membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs), plays a dominant role in regulating cancer cell, as well as stromal cell, traffic through the extracellular matrix barriers assembled by host tissues in vivo. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the regulation and function of these metalloenzymes as host cell populations traverse the dynamic extracellular matrix assembled during neoplastic states should provide new and testable theories regarding cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Grant Rowe
- The Division of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Abstract
We review the role of cadherins and cadherin-related proteins in human cancer. Cellular and animal models for human cancer are also dealt with whenever appropriate. E-cadherin is the prototype of the large cadherin superfamily and is renowned for its potent malignancy suppressing activity. Different mechanisms for inactivating E-cadherin/CDH1 have been identified in human cancers: inherited and somatic mutations, aberrant protein processing, increased promoter methylation, and induction of transcriptional repressors such as Snail and ZEB family members. The latter induce epithelial mesenchymal transition, which is also associated with induction of "mesenchymal" cadherins, a hallmark of tumor progression. VE-cadherin/CDH5 plays a role in tumor-associated angiogenesis. The atypical T-cadherin/CDH13 is often silenced in cancer cells but up-regulated in tumor vasculature. The review also covers the status of protocadherins and several other cadherin-related molecules in human cancer. Perspectives for emerging cadherin-related anticancer therapies are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
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Maouche K, Polette M, Jolly T, Medjber K, Cloëz-Tayarani I, Changeux JP, Burlet H, Terryn C, Coraux C, Zahm JM, Birembaut P, Tournier JM. {alpha}7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor regulates airway epithelium differentiation by controlling basal cell proliferation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 175:1868-82. [PMID: 19808646 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.090212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Airway epithelial basal cells are known to be critical for regenerating injured epithelium and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recent evidence suggests that the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), which is highly permeable to Ca(2+), is involved in lung morphogenesis. Here, we have investigated the potential role of the alpha7 nAChR in the regulation of airway epithelial basal cell proliferation and the differentiation of the human airway epithelium. In vivo during fetal development and in vitro during the regeneration of the human airway epithelium, alpha7 nAChR expression coincides with epithelium differentiation. Inactivating alpha7 nAChR function in vitro increases cell proliferation during the initial steps of the epithelium regeneration, leading to epithelial alterations such as basal cell hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia, remodeling observed in many bronchopulmonary diseases. The regeneration of the airway epithelium after injury in alpha7(-/-) mice is delayed and characterized by a transient hyperplasia of basal cells. Moreover, 1-year-old alpha7(-/-) mice more frequently present basal cells hyperplasia. Modulating nAChR function or expression shows that only alpha7 nAChR, as opposed to heteropentameric alpha(x)beta(y) nAChRs, controls the proliferation of human airway epithelial basal cells. These findings suggest that alpha7 nAChR is a key regulator of the plasticity of the human airway epithelium by controlling basal cell proliferation and differentiation pathway and is involved in airway remodeling during bronchopulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Maouche
- INSERM UMRS, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
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