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Harpak N, Borberg E, Raz A, Patolsky F. The "Bloodless" Blood Test: Intradermal Prick Nanoelectronics for the Blood Extraction-Free Multiplex Detection of Protein Biomarkers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13800-13813. [PMID: 36006419 PMCID: PMC9527802 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein biomarkers' detection is of utmost importance for preventive medicine and early detection of illnesses. Today, their detection relies entirely on clinical tests consisting of painful, invasive extraction of large volumes of venous blood; time-consuming postextraction sample manipulation procedures; and mostly label-based complex detection approaches. Here, we report on a point-of-care (POC) diagnosis paradigm based on the application of intradermal finger prick-based electronic nanosensors arrays for protein biomarkers' direct detection and quantification down to the sub-pM range, without the need for blood extraction and sample manipulation steps. The nanobioelectronic array performs biomarker sensing by a rapid intradermal prick-based sampling of proteins biomarkers directly from the capillary blood pool accumulating at the site of the microneedle puncture, requiring only 2 min and less than one microliter of a blood sample for a complete analysis. A 1 mm long microneedle element was optimal in allowing for pain-free dermal sampling with a 100% success rate of reaching and rupturing dermis capillaries. Current common micromachining processes and top-down fabrication techniques allow the nanobioelectronic sensor arrays to provide accurate and reliable clinical diagnostic results using multiple sensing elements in each microneedle and all-in-one direct and label-free multiplex biomarkers detection. Preliminary successful clinical studies performed on human volunteers demonstrated the ability of our intradermal, in-skin, blood extraction-free detection platform to accurately detect protein biomarkers as a plausible POC detection for future replacement of today's invasive clinical blood tests. This approach can be readily extended in the future to detect other clinically relevant circulating biomarkers, such as miRNAs, free-DNAs, exosomes, and small metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimrod Harpak
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Ella Borberg
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Adva Raz
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, the Iby and Aladar Fleischman
Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Fernando Patolsky
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, the Iby and Aladar Fleischman
Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
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Muir RK, Guerra M, Bogyo MM. Activity-Based Diagnostics: Recent Advances in the Development of Probes for Use with Diverse Detection Modalities. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:281-291. [PMID: 35026106 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal enzyme expression and activity is a hallmark of many diseases. Activity-based diagnostics are a class of chemical probes that aim to leverage this dysregulated metabolic signature to produce a detectable signal specific to diseased tissue. In this Review, we highlight recent methodologies employed in activity-based diagnostics that provide exquisite signal sensitivity and specificity in complex biological systems for multiple disease states. We divide these examples based upon their unique signal readout modalities and highlight those that have advanced into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K. Muir
- Department of Pathology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matteo Guerra
- Department of Pathology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew M. Bogyo
- Department of Pathology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Ashida S, Yamasaki I, Kawada C, Fukuhara H, Fukata S, Tamura K, Karashima T, Inoue K, Shuin T. Evaluation of a rapid one-step PSA test for primary prostate cancer screening. BMC Urol 2021; 21:135. [PMID: 34579701 PMCID: PMC8474843 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To enhance the convenience and reduce the cost of prostate cancer (PC) screening, a one-step prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test was evaluated in a large population. The PSA SPOT test kit enables rapid detection of human PSA in serum or plasma at or above a cutoff level of 4 ng/mL to aid in the diagnosis of PC. METHODS PC screening using the PSA SPOT test was offered to male participants in educational public lectures that we conducted in various cities. Test results were reported to participants at the end of the lectures. Blood samples from 1429 men were evaluated. Two independent observers interpreted the tests at 15 and 30 min. The remaining serum samples were subsequently tested using a conventional quantitative assay. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the test were 79.9, 93.0, 65.4, 96.6, and 91.2%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the test changed with variations in the reading time. Quantitative assessment of the intensity of the band was correlated with the PSA value. CONCLUSIONS PSA testing using this kit can be easily performed. The low cost and speed of the test make it a useful and convenient tool for primary PC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Ashida
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Kubokawa Hospital, Takaoka-gun, Kochi, 786-0002, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kawada
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukata
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamura
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Karashima
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Keiji Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Taro Shuin
- Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
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Maj-Hes A, Sevcenco S, Szarvas T, Kramer G. Claros System: A Rapid Microfluidics-Based Point-of-Care System for Quantitative Prostate Specific Antigen Analysis from Finger-Stick Blood. Adv Ther 2019; 36:916-922. [PMID: 30778908 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-0888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Determination of circulating prostate specific antigen (PSA) is commonly used in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of prostate cancer [1]. Presently, PSA testing is performed in centralized laboratories, which is associated with prolonged time between venipuncture and the PSA value being available. In this prospective study, we present a new and rapid test system for the quantitative determination of PSA levels from finger-stick blood. METHODS The Claros1® analyzer is a rapid microfluidics-based point-of-care system for quantitative PSA analysis from 10-µl finger-stick blood that requires only 10 min for testing. Total PSA concentrations by the Claros system in 100 consecutive asymptomatic men (median age 57 years, range 44-81 years) were compared with two commercially available, commonly used PSA assays (Abbott and Elecsys by Roche) performed by a reference laboratory. RESULTS Eighty-six percent of finger-stick blood-borne probes from 100 men were evaluable for PSA testing by the Claros1® analyzer system. In 13/14 cases the expiry date of the microfluid cassettes of the Claros system was exceeded and one blood puncture was performed inadequately. The correlations between the Claros results and OPKO-Abbott and OPKO-Roche assay results were high, with R2 values of 0.982 and 0.985, respectively. The R2 value for the Roche-Abbott correlation was 0.991 with a slope value of 1.160. Prostate cancer was diagnosed in seven cases, with a median PSA of 1.8 ng/ml in the Claros group compared to 1.75 ng/ml and 2.1 ng/ml in the Abbott and Roche groups, respectively. CONCLUSION The Claros1® PSA assay combines the advantages of rapid, accurate detection with a low required sample volume, allowing the analysis to be performed using finger-stick blood. Provided that further analysis proves the reproducibility of the test, it may help to reduce the number of office visits, thus decreasing costs to the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Maj-Hes
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Oncology, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabina Sevcenco
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Danube Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gero Kramer
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Salminen T, Juntunen E, Talha SM, Pettersson K. High-sensitivity lateral flow immunoassay with a fluorescent lanthanide nanoparticle label. J Immunol Methods 2019; 465:39-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fraser S, Shih JY, Ware M, O'Connor E, Cameron MJ, Schwickart M, Zhao X, Regnstrom K. Current Trends in Ligand Binding Real-Time Measurement Technologies. AAPS JOURNAL 2017; 19:682-691. [PMID: 28321830 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-017-0067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Numerous advances in ligand binding assay (LBA) real-time measurement technologies have been made within the last several years, ranging from the development of novel platforms to drive technology expansion to the adaptation of existing platforms to optimize performance and throughput. In this review, we have chosen to focus on technologies that provide increased value to two distinct segments of the LBA community. First, experimentally, by measuring real-time binding events, these technologies provide data that can be used to interrogate receptor/ligand binding interactions. While overall the platforms are not new, they have made significant advances in throughput, multiplexing, and/or sensitivity. Second, clinically, these point-of-care (POC) technologies provide instantaneous information which facilitates rapid treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judy Y Shih
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California, 91320, USA
| | - Mark Ware
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania, 19477, USA
| | - Edward O'Connor
- AegisBioconsult, 78 Marbern Dr., Suffield, Connecticut, 06078, USA
| | - Mark J Cameron
- Lumigen, 22900 8 Mile Road, Southfield, Michigan, 48033, USA
| | - Martin Schwickart
- MedImmune, 319 N. Bernardo Ave, Mountain View, California, 94043, USA
| | - Xuemei Zhao
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Karin Regnstrom
- Boehringer Ingelheim, 6701 Kaiser Drive, Fremont, California, 94555, USA
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Jazayeri MH, Amani H, Pourfatollah AA, Avan A, Ferns GA, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Enhanced detection sensitivity of prostate-specific antigen via PSA-conjugated gold nanoparticles based on localized surface plasmon resonance: GNP-coated anti-PSA/LSPR as a novel approach for the identification of prostate anomalies. Cancer Gene Ther 2016; 23:365-369. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Rausch S, Hennenlotter J, Wiesenreiter J, Hohneder A, Heinkele J, Schwentner C, Stenzl A, Todenhöfer T. Assessment of a new point-of-care system for detection of prostate specific antigen. BMC Urol 2016; 16:4. [PMID: 26785797 PMCID: PMC4719541 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-016-0119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Measurement of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) remains an important tool in prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis. Due to limited availability of laboratory devices in an outpatient setting, compact and easy-to-handle point-of-care (POC) systems are desirable. Recently, a chip for PSA measurement on the concile® Ω100 POC reader platform was introduced. To investigate the clinical applicability, we evaluated the system in a consecutive cohort of patients undergoing PSA measurement in our outpatient clinic. Methods Between 07/2014 and 01/2015, PSA was analyzed in a total of 198 patients by the POC reader system and in parallel by an Immulite 2000® and Centaur® standard laboratory system, respectively. By standard (Immulite®) measurement, 67 (34,2 %) had PSA > 4 ng/ml and 131 (65,8 %) had PSA ≤ 4 ng/ml. Results were correlated by linear regression analyses for all patients and within PSA subgroups. For patients with available prostate histology after PSA measurement (n = 68), receiver-operating characteristic curves were created and area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of PC at best cut-off value were calculated. Results The coefficients of determination (r2) for the POC device compared to laboratory testing were 0.72 (Immulite®) and 0.63 (Centaur®), respectively (both p < 0.0001). In the PSA range of ≤4 ng/ml, the observed correlations were 0.75 and 0.70, respectively. For the POC test system, AUC for detection of PC was calculated with 0.745 while the standard laboratory tests showed 0.778 (Immulite®) and 0.771 (Centaur®). At best cut-off of 3.64 ng/ml, PSA analysis by the POC system showed a sensitivity of 85.7 % and a specificity of 66.7 %. Conclusions The POC system obtained good concordance to elaborate laboratory measurement. In a screening scenario, the system provides quick and reliable PSA measurement, especially in the PSA range up to 4 ng/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Joerg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Josef Wiesenreiter
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Andrea Hohneder
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Julian Heinkele
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Christian Schwentner
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. .,Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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Wu CC, Lin HY, Wang CP, Lu LF, Yu TH, Hung WC, Houng JY, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Hu JJ. Evaluation of a rapid quantitative determination method of PSA concentration with gold immunochromatographic strips. BMC Urol 2015; 15:109. [PMID: 26530738 PMCID: PMC4630854 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-015-0105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer remains the most common cancer in men. Qualitative or semi-quantitative immunochromatographic measurements of prostate specific antigen (PSA) have been shown to be simple, noninvasive and feasible. The aim of this study was to evaluate an optimized gold immunochromatographic strip device for the detection of PSA, in which the results can be analysed using a Chromogenic Rapid Test Reader to quantitatively assess the test results. METHODS This reader measures the reflectance of the signal line via a charge-coupled device camera. For quantitative analysis, PSA concentration was computed via a calibration equation. Capillary blood samples from 305 men were evaluated, and two independent observers interpreted the test results after 12 min. Blood samples were also collected and tested with a conventional quantitative assay. RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of the PSA rapid quantitative test system were 100, 96.6, 89.5, 100, and 97.4 %, respectively. Reproducibility of the test was 99.2, and interobserver variation was 8 % with a false positive rate of 3.4 %. The correlation coefficient between the ordinary quantitative assay and the rapid quantitative test was 0.960. CONCLUSIONS The PSA rapid quantitative test system provided results quickly and was easy to use, so that tests using this system can be easily performed at outpatient clinics or elsewhere. This system may also be useful for initial cancer screening and for point-of-care testing, because results can be obtained within 12 min and at a cost lower than that of conventional quantitative assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ching Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Fen Lu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Yau-Jiunn Lee
- Lee's Endocrinology Clinic, Pingtung, 90000, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Jia Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Lee LG, Nordman ES, Johnson MD, Oldham MF. A low-cost, high-performance system for fluorescence lateral flow assays. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2013; 3:360-73. [PMID: 25586412 PMCID: PMC4263565 DOI: 10.3390/bios3040360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a fluorescence lateral flow system that has excellent sensitivity and wide dynamic range. The illumination system utilizes an LED, plastic lenses and plastic and colored glass filters for the excitation and emission light. Images are collected on an iPhone 4. Several fluorescent dyes with long Stokes shifts were evaluated for their signal and nonspecific binding in lateral flow. A wide range of values for the ratio of signal to nonspecific binding was found, from 50 for R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) to 0.15 for Brilliant Violet 605. The long Stokes shift of R-PE allowed the use of inexpensive plastic filters rather than costly interference filters to block the LED light. Fluorescence detection with R-PE and absorbance detection with colloidal gold were directly compared in lateral flow using biotinylated bovine serum albumen (BSA) as the analyte. Fluorescence provided linear data over a range of 0.4–4,000 ng/mL with a 1,000-fold signal change while colloidal gold provided non-linear data over a range of 16–4,000 ng/mL with a 10-fold signal change. A comparison using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as the analyte showed a similar advantage in the fluorescent system. We believe our inexpensive yet high-performance platform will be useful for providing quantitative and sensitive detection in a point-of-care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda G Lee
- Song Diagnostic Research LLC, 1 Megans Lane, Woodside, CA 94062, USA.
| | - Eric S Nordman
- Song Diagnostic Research LLC, 1 Megans Lane, Woodside, CA 94062, USA.
| | - Martin D Johnson
- Song Diagnostic Research LLC, 1 Megans Lane, Woodside, CA 94062, USA.
| | - Mark F Oldham
- Song Diagnostic Research LLC, 1 Megans Lane, Woodside, CA 94062, USA.
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Evaluation of a modified lateral flow immunoassay for detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and myoglobin. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 42:522-5. [PMID: 23247055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We prospectively evaluated the use of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test modified with nanoparticles for combined detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and myoglobin with the aim of excluding acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Specimens from 173 patients with symptoms suggestive of AMI were collected to measure hs-cTnI and myoglobin using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLI) and the LFIA test modified with nanoparticles, and a comparison was performed between the modified method and a commercial LFIA test for detection of the two proteins. The accuracy of the modified LFIA test was also evaluated. Consistent agreement was observed in the quantitative comparison of 173 clinical samples using the modified LFIA and ECLI, and the modified method was more sensitive than the commercial LFIA test. The accuracy of the modified LFIA was <12% for both hs-cTnI and myoglobin. Thus, the new approach has great potential to improve LFIAs test, demonstrating its usefulness for simple screening applications and for sensitivity and quantitative immunoassays for diagnosis ofAMI.
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Do "rapid" PSA assays reduce anxiety and stress of prostate cancer patients undergoing regular review? A prospective evaluation. Urology 2008; 71:567-72. [PMID: 18387384 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 10/06/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Waiting for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) results may create anxiety for patients. Recently developed "rapid" PSA assays have become available, which achieve laboratory sensitivity and specificity. The manufacturers claim these assays will help to reduce anxiety associated with PSA testing. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that rapid received PSA results reduce patient anxiety. METHODS One hundred eighty-eight (n = 188) patients participated in a prospective randomized study. After obtaining informed consent, 67 patients were assigned to receive PSA results within 15 minutes of the blood sample being drawn, facilitating a discussion with the physician while in-clinic. One hundred twenty-one (n = 121) patients were assigned to receive their results within 1 to 4 days by telephone. Patients completed a baseline questionnaire about PSA testing and a follow-up questionnaire after they had received their PSA result by either method. RESULTS There were no significant differences in patient demographics between the "rapid" and "delayed" PSA test groups. Baseline measurements of stress and anxiety were low and not significantly different between the groups. Receiving a rapid PSA result did not significantly reduce stress and anxiety compared with a delayed result. However, 89% of patients receiving a rapid result would elect to have this method again. CONCLUSIONS The rapid PSA test did not prove to alleviate stress or anxiety associated with receiving results. However, the cohort assigned to the rapid PSA test would prefer to have their results rapidly to facilitate discussion regarding their future management.
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Nielsen K, Yu WL, Kelly L, Bermudez R, Renteria T, Dajer A, Gutierrez E, Williams J, Algire J, de Eschaide ST. Development of a lateral flow assay for rapid detection of bovine antibody to Anaplasma marginale. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2008; 29:10-8. [PMID: 18080877 DOI: 10.1080/15321810701734693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A rapid lateral flow assay for detection of bovine antibody to Anaplasma marginale was developed. The assay used a recombinant peptide of major surface protein 5 as the antigen and a monoclonal antibody specific for bovine IgG(1) conjugated with colloidal gold beads for detection. Serum and anticoagulated blood samples were obtained from cattle in an area where anaplasmosis was endemic. The samples were selected based on positive identification of the organism in blood smears. The unclotted blood samples were used for PCR determination of the presence of A. marginale while the sera were tested by a commercial competitive enzyme immunoassay (CELISA) and by the lateral flow assay (LFA). Similar samples, collected at a Canadian sales barn, were tested by the CELISA and LFA and 10% were tested by PCR for the presence of A. marginale nucleic acid. In addition, stored serum samples from a second endemic area were tested by CELISA and LFA. Of the 114 smear positive samples, all were positive by CELISA and LFA. All samples were also positive by PCR. Samples from Canadian sources (n=524) were negative in the CELISA but 11 sera gave false positive reactions in the LFA. All samples tested were PCR negative. Of 113 samples from herds with anaplasmosis, 53 were positive in the CELISA and 50 were LFA positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nielsen
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Fallowfield), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Wang J, Liu G, Wu H, Lin Y. Quantum-dot-based electrochemical immunoassay for high-throughput screening of the prostate-specific antigen. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:82-86. [PMID: 18081131 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200700459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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Nagatani N, Yuhi T, Chikae M, Kerman K, Endo T, Kobori Y, Takata M, Konaka H, Namiki M, Ushijima H, Takamura Y, Tamiya E. A sensitive immunochromatographic assay using gold nanoparticles for the semiquantitative detection of prostate-specific antigen in serum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02697262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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