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Transcriptome Analysis of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems of the Spider Cupiennius salei Reveals Multiple Putative Cys-Loop Ligand Gated Ion Channel Subunits and an Acetylcholine Binding Protein. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138068. [PMID: 26368804 PMCID: PMC4569296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Invertebrates possess a diverse collection of pentameric Cys-loop ligand gated ion channel (LGIC) receptors whose molecular structures, evolution and relationships to mammalian counterparts have been intensely investigated in several clinically and agriculturally important species. These receptors are targets for a variety of control agents that may also harm beneficial species. However, little is known about Cys-loop receptors in spiders, which are important natural predators of insects. We assembled de novo transcriptomes from the central and peripheral nervous systems of the Central American wandering spider Cupiennius salei, a model species for neurophysiological, behavioral and developmental studies. We found 15 Cys-loop receptor subunits that are expected to form anion or cation permeable channels, plus a putative acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) that has only previously been reported in molluscs and one annelid. We used phylogenetic and sequence analysis to compare the spider subunits to homologous receptors in other species and predicted the 3D structures of each protein using the I-Tasser server. The quality of homology models improved with increasing sequence identity to the available high-resolution templates. We found that C. salei has orthologous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), GluCl, pHCl, HisCl and nAChα LGIC subunits to other arthropods, but some subgroups are specific to arachnids, or only to spiders. C. salei sequences were phylogenetically closest to gene fragments from the social spider, Stegodyphus mimosarum, indicating high conservation within the Araneomorphae suborder of spiders. C. salei sequences had similar ligand binding and transmembrane regions to other invertebrate and vertebrate LGICs. They also had motifs associated with high sensitivity to insecticides and antiparasitic agents such as fipronil, dieldrin and ivermectin. Development of truly selective control agents for pest species will require information about the molecular structure and pharmacology of Cys-loop receptors in beneficial species.
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Stober ST, Abrams CF. Enhanced meta-analysis of acetylcholine binding protein structures reveals conformational signatures of agonism in nicotinic receptors. Protein Sci 2012; 21:307-17. [PMID: 22170867 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The soluble acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) is the default structural proxy for pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs). Unfortunately, it is difficult to recognize conformational signatures of LGIC agonism and antagonism within the large set of AChBP crystal structures in both apo and ligand-bound states, primarily because AChBP conformations in this set are nearly superimposable (root mean square deviation < 1.5 Å). We have undertaken a systematic, alignment-free approach to elucidate conformational differences displayed by AChBP that cleanly differentiate apo/antagonist-bound from agonist-bound states. Our approach uses statistical inference based on both crystallographic states and conformations sampled during long molecular dynamics simulations to select important inter-C(α) distances and map their collective values onto functional states. We observe that binding of (nAChR) agonists to AChBP elicits clockwise rotation of the inner β-sheet with respect to the outer β-sheet, causing tilting of the cys-loop away from the five-fold axis, in a manner quite similar to that speculated for α-subunits of the heteromeric nAChR structure (Unwin, J Mol Biol 2005;346:967), making this motion potentially important in transmission of the gating signal to the transmembrane domain of a LGIC. The method is also successful at discriminating partial from full agonists and supports the hypothesis that a particularly controversial ligand, lobeline, is in fact an LGIC antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer T Stober
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Seydou M, Grégoire G, Liquier J, Lemaire J, Schermann JP, Desfrançois C. Experimental Observation of the Transition between Gas-Phase and Aqueous Solution Structures for Acetylcholine, Nicotine, and Muscarine Ions. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:4187-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ja710040p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahamadou Seydou
- Laboratoire de Physique des lasers, UMR 7538 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Tissulaire UMR 7033 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris XI, Bat. 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Grégoire
- Laboratoire de Physique des lasers, UMR 7538 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Tissulaire UMR 7033 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris XI, Bat. 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Jean Liquier
- Laboratoire de Physique des lasers, UMR 7538 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Tissulaire UMR 7033 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris XI, Bat. 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - J. Lemaire
- Laboratoire de Physique des lasers, UMR 7538 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Tissulaire UMR 7033 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris XI, Bat. 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Jean Pierre Schermann
- Laboratoire de Physique des lasers, UMR 7538 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Tissulaire UMR 7033 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris XI, Bat. 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Charles Desfrançois
- Laboratoire de Physique des lasers, UMR 7538 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Tissulaire UMR 7033 CNRS, Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris XI, Bat. 350, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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