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Hoat DM, Dien VK, Ho QD, Dam DP, Tien NT, Nguyen DK. Rich essential properties of silicon-substituted graphene nanoribbons: a comprehensive computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15939-15956. [PMID: 38691388 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00290c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The diverse structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of silicon (Si)-substituted armchair and zigzag graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs and ZGNRs) were investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Pristine AGNRs belong to a nonmagnetic semiconductor with a direct bandgap of 1.63/1.92 eV determined by PBE/HSE06 functionals. Under various Si substitutions, nonmagnetic bandgaps were tuned at 1.49/1.87, 1.06/1.84, 0.81/1.45, 1.04/1.71, 0.89/1.05, and 2.38/3.0 eV (PBE/HSE06) in the single Si edge-, single Si non-edge-, double Si ortho-, double Si meta-, double Si para-, and 100% Si-substituted AGNR configurations, respectively. Meanwhile, pristine ZGNRs displayed antiferromagnetic semiconducting behavior with a spin degenerate bandgap of 0.52/0.81 eV (PBE/HSE06) and becomes a ferromagnetic semimetal in the single Si configurations or an unusual ferromagnetic semiconductor in the 100% Si configuration. Under the developed first-principles theoretical framework, the formation of quasi π (C-2pz and Si-3pz) and quasi σ (C-2s, -2pxy and Si-3s and -3pxy) bands was identified in the Si-substituted configurations. These quasi π and quasi σ bands showed weak separation, resulting in weak quasi sp2 hybridization in Si-C bonds, in which the identified hybridization mechanism was a strong evidence for the formation of stable planar 1D structures in the Si-substituted configurations. Our complete revelation of the essential properties of Si-substituted GNRs can provide a complete understanding of their chemically doped 1D materials for various practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Hoat
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Vo Khuong Dien
- Division of Applied Physics, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Engineering, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Vietnam
| | - Quoc Duy Ho
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Universitetet i Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dang Phuc Dam
- College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City 900000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tien
- College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City 900000, Vietnam
| | - Duy Khanh Nguyen
- Laboratory for Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Mechanical - Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Lin H, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Lin KT, Wen X, Liang Y, Fu Y, Lau AKT, Ma T, Qiu CW, Jia B. Engineering van der Waals Materials for Advanced Metaphotonics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15204-15355. [PMID: 35749269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The outstanding chemical and physical properties of 2D materials, together with their atomically thin nature, make them ideal candidates for metaphotonic device integration and construction, which requires deep subwavelength light-matter interaction to achieve optical functionalities beyond conventional optical phenomena observed in naturally available materials. In addition to their intrinsic properties, the possibility to further manipulate the properties of 2D materials via chemical or physical engineering dramatically enhances their capability, evoking new science on light-matter interaction, leading to leaped performance of existing functional devices and giving birth to new metaphotonic devices that were unattainable previously. Comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic properties of 2D materials, approaches and capabilities for chemical and physical engineering methods, the resulting property modifications and novel functionalities, and applications of metaphotonic devices are provided in this review. Through reviewing the detailed progress in each aspect and the state-of-the-art achievement, insightful analyses of the outstanding challenges and future directions are elucidated in this cross-disciplinary comprehensive review with the aim to provide an overall development picture in the field of 2D material metaphotonics and promote rapid progress in this fast emerging and prosperous field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Zhenfang Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Keng-Te Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yao Liang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Fu
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Alan Kin Tak Lau
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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Pham HD, Gumbs G, Su WP, Thuy Tran NT, Lin MF. Unusual features of nitrogen substitutions in silicene. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32193-32201. [PMID: 35518139 PMCID: PMC9056544 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The quasiparticle properties resulting from charge and spin are clearly identified in nitrogen-substituted silicenes, for which a theoretical framework is successfully developed from first-principles calculations. Such systems create extremely non-uniform chemical and physical environments through the distribution of the guest atoms. They present unusual geometric, electronic, and magnetic properties, which can be identified from the optimal honeycomb lattices, the atom- and spin-dominated energy spectra, the spatial charge density distributions, and the atom-, orbital- and spin-projected van Hove singularities [the net magnetic moments]. The complicated relations between the highly hybridized sp2-N-Si bonds and the ferromagnetic/non-magnetic configurations are responsible for the p-type or semiconducting behavior, the significant modifications to the Dirac cone structures, the difficulty in identifying the π and σ bands, and the vanishing or finite magnetic moments. The theoretical predictions could be verified by high-resolution experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duong Pham
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University 701 Tainan Taiwan
| | - Godfrey Gumbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of the City University of New York 695 Park Avenue New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Wu-Pei Su
- Department of Physics, University of Houston Houston 77204 Texas USA
| | - Ngoc Thanh Thuy Tran
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University 701 Tainan Taiwan
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Shih PH, Chiu YH, Wu JY, Shyu FL, Lin MF. Coulomb excitations of monolayer germanene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40600. [PMID: 28091555 PMCID: PMC5238379 DOI: 10.1038/srep40600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The feature-rich electronic excitations of monolayer germanene lie in the significant spin-orbit coupling and the buckled structure. The collective and single-particle excitations are diversified by the magnitude and direction of transferred momentum, the Fermi energy and the gate voltage. There are four kinds of plasmon modes, according to the unique frequency- and momentum-dependent phase diagrams. They behave as two-dimensional acoustic modes at long wavelength. However, for the larger momenta, they might change into another kind of undamped plasmons, become the seriously suppressed modes in the heavy intraband e-h excitations, keep the same undamped plasmons, or decline and then vanish in the strong interband e-h excitations. Germanene, silicene and graphene are quite different from one another in the main features of the diverse plasmon modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsin Shih
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huang Chiu
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Ying Wu
- Center for General Education, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Shyu
- Department of Physics, Republic of China Military Academy, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
- National Center for Theoretical Sciences (south), Taiwan
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Bangert U, Pierce W, Boothroyd C, Pan CT, Gwilliam R. Collective electronic excitations in the ultra violet regime in 2-D and 1-D carbon nanostructures achieved by the addition of foreign atoms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27090. [PMID: 27271352 PMCID: PMC4917698 DOI: 10.1038/srep27090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmons in the visible/UV energy regime have attracted great attention, especially in nano-materials, with regards to applications in opto-electronics and light harvesting; tailored enhancement of such plasmons is of particular interest for prospects in nano-plasmonics. This work demonstrates that it is possible, by adequate doping, to create excitations in the visible/UV regime in nano-carbon materials, i.e., carbon nanotubes and graphene, with choice of suitable ad-atoms and dopants, which are introduced directly into the lattice by low energy ion implantation or added via deposition by evaporation. Investigations as to whether these excitations are of collective nature, i.e., have plasmonic character, are carried out via DFT calculations and experiment-based extraction of the dielectric function. They give evidence of collective excitation behaviour for a number of the introduced impurity species, including K, Ag, B, N, and Pd. It is furthermore demonstrated that such excitations can be concentrated at nano-features, e.g., along nano-holes in graphene through metal atoms adhering to the edges of these holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Bangert
- Department of Physics and Energy, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - W. Pierce
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - C. Boothroyd
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Gruenberg Institute Juelich Research Centre, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - C.-T. Pan
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R. Gwilliam
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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Wu JY, Lin CY, Gumbs G, Lin MF. The effect of perpendicular electric field on temperature-induced plasmon excitations for intrinsic silicene. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07721d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We use the tight-binding model and the random-phase approximation to investigate the intrinsic plasmon in silicene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhao-Ying Wu
- Department of Physics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan
- Taiwan 701
| | - Chiun-Yan Lin
- Department of Physics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan
- Taiwan 701
| | - Godfrey Gumbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Hunter College at the City University of New York
- New York 10065
- USA
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Department of Physics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan
- Taiwan 701
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Ou YC, Chiu YH, Yang PH, Lin MF. The selection rule of graphene in a composite magnetic field. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:7473-7491. [PMID: 24718122 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.007473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The generalized tight-binding model with exact diagonalization method is developed to calculate the optical properties of monolayer graphene in the presence of composite magnetic fields. The ratio of the uniform magnetic field and the modulated one accounts for a strong influence on the structure, number, intensity and frequency of absorption peaks, and thus the extra selection rules that are subsequently induced can be explained. When the modulated field increases, each symmetric peak, under a uniform magnetic field, splits into a pair of asymmetric peaks with lower intensities. The threshold absorption frequency exhibits an obvious evolution in terms of a redshift. These absorption peaks obey the same selection rule that is followed by Landau level transitions. Moreover, at a sufficiently strong modulation strength, the extra peaks in the absorption spectrum might arise from different selection rules.
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Bissett MA, Konabe S, Okada S, Tsuji M, Ago H. Enhanced chemical reactivity of graphene induced by mechanical strain. ACS NANO 2013; 7:10335-10343. [PMID: 24131427 DOI: 10.1021/nn404746h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Control over chemical reactivity is essential in the field of nanotechnology. Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic sheet of sp(2) hybridized carbon with exceptional properties that can be altered by chemical functionalization. Here, we transferred single-layer graphene onto a flexible substrate and investigated the functionalization using different aryl diazonium molecules while applying mechanical strain. We found that mechanical strain can alter the structure of graphene, and dramatically increase the reaction rate, by a factor of up to 10, as well as increase the final degree of functionalization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that mechanical strain enables functionalization of graphene for both p- and n-type dopants, where unstrained graphene showed negligible reactivity. Theoretical calculations were also performed to support the experimental findings. Our findings offer a simple approach to control the chemical reactivity of graphene through the application of mechanical strain, allowing for a tuning of the properties of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Bissett
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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