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Li L, Zhou J, Wang X, Gracia J, Valvidares M, Ke J, Fang M, Shen C, Chen JM, Chang YC, Pao CW, Hsu SY, Lee JF, Ruotolo A, Chin Y, Hu Z, Huang X, Shao Q. Spin-Polarization Strategy for Enhanced Acidic Oxygen Evolution Activity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302966. [PMID: 37436805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin-polarization is known as a promising way to promote the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), since the intermediates and products endow spin-dependent behaviors, yet it is rarely reported for ferromagnetic catalysts toward acidic OER practically used in industry. Herein, the first spin-polarization-mediated strategy is reported to create a net ferromagnetic moment in antiferromagnetic RuO2 via dilute manganese (Mn2+ ) (S = 5/2) doping for enhancing OER activity in acidic electrolyte. Element-selective X-ray magnetic circular dichroism reveals the ferromagnetic coupling between Mn and Ru ions, fulfilling the Goodenough-Kanamori rule. The ferromagnetism behavior at room temperature can be well interpreted by first principles calculations as the interaction between the Mn2+ impurity and Ru ions. Indeed, Mn-RuO2 nanoflakes exhibit a strongly magnetic field enhanced OER activity, with the lowest overpotential of 143 mV at 10 mA cmgeo -2 and negligible activity decay in 480 h stability (vs 200 mV/195 h without magnetic field) as known for magnetic effects in the literature. The intrinsic turnover frequency is also improved to reach 5.5 s-1 at 1.45 VRHE . This work highlights an important avenue of spin-engineering strategy for designing efficient acidic oxygen evolution catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nothnitzer Strasse 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Valvidares
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, E-08290 Cerdanyola del Vall`es, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Jia Ke
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Miaomiao Fang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Chenqi Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jin-Ming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Pao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yang Hsu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Antonio Ruotolo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, 29407, USA
| | - Yiying Chin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nothnitzer Strasse 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qi Shao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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Abarca Morales E, Siemann GR, Zivanovic A, Murgatroyd PAE, Marković I, Edwards B, Hooley CA, Sokolov DA, Kikugawa N, Cacho C, Watson MD, Kim TK, Hicks CW, Mackenzie AP, King PDC. Hierarchy of Lifshitz Transitions in the Surface Electronic Structure of Sr_{2}RuO_{4} under Uniaxial Compression. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:096401. [PMID: 36930931 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.096401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the evolution of the electronic structure at the surface of the layered perovskite Sr_{2}RuO_{4} under large in-plane uniaxial compression, leading to anisotropic B_{1g} strains of ϵ_{xx}-ϵ_{yy}=-0.9±0.1%. From angle-resolved photoemission, we show how this drives a sequence of Lifshitz transitions, reshaping the low-energy electronic structure and the rich spectrum of van Hove singularities that the surface layer of Sr_{2}RuO_{4} hosts. From comparison to tight-binding modeling, we find that the strain is accommodated predominantly by bond-length changes rather than modifications of octahedral tilt and rotation angles. Our study sheds new light on the nature of structural distortions at oxide surfaces, and how targeted control of these can be used to tune density of state singularities to the Fermi level, in turn paving the way to the possible realization of rich collective states at the Sr_{2}RuO_{4} surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Abarca Morales
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Gesa-R Siemann
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Andela Zivanovic
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Philip A E Murgatroyd
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Marković
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Edwards
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Chris A Hooley
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry A Sokolov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Naoki Kikugawa
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan
| | - Cephise Cacho
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 ODE, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D Watson
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 ODE, United Kingdom
| | - Timur K Kim
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 ODE, United Kingdom
| | - Clifford W Hicks
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Phil D C King
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
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Gingras O, Nourafkan R, Tremblay AMS, Côté M. Superconducting Symmetries of Sr_{2}RuO_{4} from First-Principles Electronic Structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:217005. [PMID: 31809152 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.217005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although correlated electronic-structure calculations explain very well the normal state of Sr_{2}RuO_{4}, its superconducting symmetry is still unknown. Here we construct the spin and charge fluctuation pairing interactions based on its correlated normal state. Correlations significantly reduce ferromagnetic in favor of antiferromagnetic fluctuations and increase interorbital pairing. From the normal-state Eliashberg equations, we find spin-singlet d-wave pairing close to magnetic instabilities. Away from these instabilities, where charge fluctuations increase, we find two time-reversal symmetry-breaking spin triplets: an odd-frequency s wave, and a doubly degenerate interorbital pairing between d_{xy} and (d_{yz},d_{xz}).
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Affiliation(s)
- O Gingras
- Département de Physique and Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - R Nourafkan
- Département de Physique, Institut quantique, Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - A-M S Tremblay
- Département de Physique, Institut quantique, Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1Z8
| | - M Côté
- Département de Physique and Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Abstract
Recent work done on the time reversal symmetry (TRS) breaking superconductors is reviewed in this paper. The special attention is paid to Sr 2 RuO 4 believed to be spin triplet chiral p-wave superconductor which break TRS and is expected to posses non-trivial topological properties. The family of TRS breaking superconductors is growing relatively fast, with many of its newly discovered members being non-centrosymmetric. However not only Sr 2 RuO 4 but also many other superconductors which possess center of inversion also break TRS. The TRS is often identified by means of the muon spin relaxation ( μ SR) and the Kerr effect. Both methods effectively measure the appearance of the spontaneous bulk magnetic field below superconducting transition temperature. This compound provides an example of the material whose many band, multi-condensate modeling has enjoyed a number of successes, but the full understanding has not been achieved yet. We discuss in some details the properties of the material. Among them is the Kerr effect and by understanding has resulted in the discovery of the novel mechanism of the phenomenon. The mechanism is universal and thus applicable to all systems with multi-orbital character of states at the Fermi energy.
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Steffens P, Sidis Y, Kulda J, Mao ZQ, Maeno Y, Mazin II, Braden M. Spin Fluctuations in Sr_{2}RuO_{4} from Polarized Neutron Scattering: Implications for Superconductivity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:047004. [PMID: 30768293 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.047004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Triplet pairing in Sr_{2}RuO_{4} was initially suggested based on the hypothesis of strong ferromagnetic spin fluctuations. Using polarized inelastic neutron scattering, we accurately determine the full spectrum of spin fluctuations in Sr_{2}RuO_{4}. Besides the well-studied incommensurate magnetic fluctuations, we do find a sizable quasiferromagnetic signal, quantitatively consistent with all macroscopic and microscopic probes. We use this result to address the possibility of magnetically driven triplet superconductivity in Sr_{2}RuO_{4}. We conclude that, even though the quasiferromagnetic signal is stronger and sharper than previously anticipated, spin fluctuations alone are not enough to generate a triplet state strengthening the need for additional interactions or an alternative pairing scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Steffens
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Y Sidis
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, C.E.A./C.N.R.S., F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - J Kulda
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Z Q Mao
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Y Maeno
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - I I Mazin
- Code 6393, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - M Braden
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
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Mn-induced Ferromagnetic Semiconducting Behavior with Linear Negative Magnetoresistance in Sr 4(Ru 1-xMn x) 3O 10 Single Crystals. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13330. [PMID: 30190606 PMCID: PMC6127095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-layered Sr4Ru3O10 is a unique ferromagnet with the central RuO6 layer behaving differently from two outer layers both crystallographically and magnetically. We report that the partial substitution of Ru by smaller Mn gives rise to modification in crystal structure, electronic and magnetic properties of Sr4(Ru1−xMnx)3O10. Through the single crystal X-ray diffraction refinement, we find that (Ru/Mn)O6 octahedral rotation is no longer detectable at x ≥ 0.23, leading to the tetragonal structure. The magnetization measurements indicate the ferromagnetic transition temperature TC decreases from 105 K for x = 0 to 30 K for x = 0.41, with the reduced magnetic moment as well. Remarkably, Mn doping results in the change of magnetic anisotropy from the easy c axis in x = 0 to the easy ab plane seen in x = 0.34 and 0.41. Such change also removes the ab-plane metamagnetic transition observed in x = 0. Furthermore, the electrical resistivity increases with increasing x showing semiconducting behavior with Δ ~ 10 meV for x = 0.34 and 30 meV for x = 0.41. Under applied magnetic field, the magnetoresistance exhibits negative and linear field dependence in all current and field configurations. These results clearly indicate Sr4(Ru1−xMnx)3O10 is a novel ferromagnetic semiconductor with exotic magnetotransport properties.
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