1
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Bisquert J, Sánchez-Mateu M, Bou A, Suwen Law C, Santos A. Synaptic Response of Fluidic Nanopores: The Connection of Potentiation with Hysteresis. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400265. [PMID: 39119992 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Iontronic fluidic ionic/electronic components are emerging as promising elements for artificial brain-like computation systems. Nanopore ionic rectifiers can be operated as a synapse element, exhibiting conductance modulation in response to a train of voltage impulses, thus producing programmable resistive states. We propose a model that replicates hysteresis, rectification, and time domain response properties, based on conductance modulation between two conducting modes and a relaxation time of the state variable. We show that the kinetic effects observed in hysteresis loops govern the potentiation phenomena related to conductivity modulation. To illustrate the efficacy of the model, we apply it to replicate rectification, hysteresis and conductance modulation of two different experimental systems: a polymer membrane with conical pores, and a blind-hole nanoporous anodic alumina membrane with a barrier oxide layer. We show that the time transient analysis of the model develops the observed potentiation and depression phenomena of the synaptic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bisquert
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Av. dels Tarongers, 46022, València, Spain
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12006, Castelló, Spain
| | - Marc Sánchez-Mateu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12006, Castelló, Spain
| | - Agustín Bou
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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2
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Takahashi Y, Takamatsu D, Korchev Y, Fukuma T. Correlative Analysis of Ion-Concentration Profile and Surface Nanoscale Topography Changes Using Operando Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. JACS AU 2023; 3:1089-1099. [PMID: 37124299 PMCID: PMC10131198 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although various spectroscopic methods have been developed to capture ion-concentration profile changes, it is still difficult to visualize the ion-concentration profile and surface topographical changes simultaneously during the charging/discharging of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To tackle this issue, we have developed an operando scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) method that can directly visualize an ion-concentration profile and surface topography using a SICM nanopipette while controlling the sample potential or current with a potentiostat for characterizing the polarization state during charging/discharging. Using operando SICM on the negative electrode (anode) of LIBs, we have characterized ion-concentration profile changes and the reversible volume changes related to the phase transition during cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge/discharge of the graphite anode. Operando SICM is a versatile technique that is likely to be of major value for evaluating the correlation between the electrolyte concentration profile and nanoscale surface topography changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Takahashi
- Department
of Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- WPI
Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Daiko Takamatsu
- Center
for Exploratory Research, Research &
Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Hatoyama-machi, Saitama 350-0395, Japan
| | - Yuri Korchev
- WPI
Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Department
of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Takeshi Fukuma
- WPI
Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Division
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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3
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Santana Santos C, Jaato BN, Sanjuán I, Schuhmann W, Andronescu C. Operando Scanning Electrochemical Probe Microscopy during Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4972-5019. [PMID: 36972701 PMCID: PMC10168669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical probe microscopy (SEPM) techniques can disclose the local electrochemical reactivity of interfaces in single-entity and sub-entity studies. Operando SEPM measurements consist of using a SEPM tip to investigate the performance of electrocatalysts, while the reactivity of the interface is simultaneously modulated. This powerful combination can correlate electrochemical activity with changes in surface properties, e.g., topography and structure, as well as provide insight into reaction mechanisms. The focus of this review is to reveal the recent progress in local SEPM measurements of the catalytic activity of a surface toward the reduction and evolution of O2 and H2 and electrochemical conversion of CO2. The capabilities of SEPMs are showcased, and the possibility of coupling other techniques to SEPMs is presented. Emphasis is given to scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM), electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), and scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santana Santos
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Bright Nsolebna Jaato
- Technical Chemistry III, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Sanjuán
- Technical Chemistry III, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Corina Andronescu
- Technical Chemistry III, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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4
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Karimzadeh M, Khatibi M, Ashrafizadeh SN, Mondal PK. Blue energy generation by the temperature-dependent properties in funnel-shaped soft nanochannels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20303-20317. [PMID: 35979759 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Salinity energy generation (SEG) studies have only been done under isothermal conditions at ambient temperature. The production of salinity energy can be improved under non-isothermal conditions, albeit preserving the energy efficiency. In the current study, the effects of gradients of temperature and concentration on the salinity energy generation process were examined simultaneously. Based on the temperature-dependent properties resulting from both temperature and concentration gradients, a numerical study was carried out to determine the maximum efficiency of salinity energy generation in funnel-shaped soft nanochannels. It was presumed that a dense layer of negative charge, called a polyelectrolyte layer (PEL), is coated on the walls of the nanochannels. Co-current and counter-current modes were used to obtain temperature and concentration gradients. Under steady-state conditions, the Poisson-Nernst-Planck, Stokes-Brinkman, and energy equations were numerically solved using equivalent approaches. The results revealed that by increasing the temperature and concentration ratios in both co-current and counter-current modes of operation, the salinity energy generation increased appreciably. The salinity energy generation increased from 30 to 80 pW upon increasing the temperature ratio from 1 to 8 at a constant concentration ratio of 1000 in counter-current mode. As verified from this analysis, low-grade heat sources (<100 °C) provide considerable energy conversion in PEL grafted nanofluidic confinement when placed between electrolyte solutions of different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karimzadeh
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Khatibi
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Seyed Nezameddin Ashrafizadeh
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Pranab Kumar Mondal
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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5
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Duleba D, Dutta P, Denuga S, Johnson RP. Effect of Electrolyte Concentration and Pore Size on Ion Current Rectification Inversion. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:271-277. [PMID: 35726254 PMCID: PMC9204821 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of nanoscale transport properties is vital for the development and optimization of nanopore sensors. The thickness of the electrical double layers (EDLs) at the internal walls of a nanopore, as well as the dimensions of the nanopore itself, plays a crucial role in determining transport properties. Herein, we demonstrate the effect of the electrolyte concentration, which is inversely proportional to the EDL thickness, and the effect of pore size, which controls the extent of the electrical double layer overlap, on the ion current rectification phenomenon observed for conical nanopores. Experimental and numerical results showed that as the electrolyte concentration is decreased, the rectification ratio reaches a maximum, then decreases, and eventually inverts below unity. We also show that as the pore size is decreased, the rectification maximum and the inversion take place at higher electrolyte concentrations. Numerical investigations revealed that both phenomena occur due to the shifting of ion enrichment distributions within the nanopore as the electrolyte concentration or the pore size is varied.
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6
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Ion transport and current rectification in a charged conical nanopore filled with viscoelastic fluids. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2547. [PMID: 35169151 PMCID: PMC8847403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ionic current rectification (ICR) is a non-linear current-voltage response upon switching the polarity of the potential across nanopore which is similar to the I–V response in the semiconductor diode. The ICR phenomenon finds several potential applications in micro/nano-fluidics (e.g., Bio-sensors and Lab-on-Chip applications). From a biological application viewpoint, most biological fluids (e.g., blood, saliva, mucus, etc.) exhibit non-Newtonian visco-elastic behavior; their rheological properties differ from Newtonian fluids. Therefore, the resultant flow-field should show an additional dependence on the rheological material properties of viscoelastic fluids such as fluid relaxation time \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$(\varepsilon )$$\end{document}(ε). Despite numerous potential applications, the comprehensive investigation of the viscoelastic behavior of the fluid on ionic concentration profile and ICR phenomena has not been attempted. ICR phenomena occur when the length scale and Debye layer thickness approaches to the same order. Therefore, this work extensively investigates the effect of visco-elasticity on the flow and ionic mass transfer along with the ICR phenomena in a single conical nanopore. The Poisson–Nernst–Planck (P–N–P) model coupled with momentum equations have been solved for a wide range of conditions such as, Deborah number, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1\le De \le 100$$\end{document}1≤De≤100, Debye length parameter, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$-50$$\end{document}-50. Limited results for Newtonian fluid (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\varepsilon = 0$$\end{document}ε=0) have also been shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of non-Newtonian fluid behaviour over the Newtonian fluid behaviour. Four distinct novel characteristics of electro-osmotic flow (EOF) in a conical nanopore have been investigated here, namely (1) detailed structure of flow field and velocity distribution in viscoelastic fluids (2) influence of Deborah number and fluid extensibility parameter on ionic current rectification (ICR) (3) volumetric flow rate calculation as a function of Deborah number and fluid extensibility parameter (4) effect of viscoelastic parameters on concentration distribution of ions in the nanopore. At high applied voltage, both the extensibility parameter and Deborah number facilitate the ICR phenomena. In addition, the ICR phenomena are observed to be more pronounced at low values of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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7
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Shigyou K, Sun L, Yajima R, Takigaura S, Tajima M, Furusho H, Kikuchi Y, Miyazawa K, Fukuma T, Taoka A, Ando T, Watanabe S. Geometrical Characterization of Glass Nanopipettes with Sub-10 nm Pore Diameter by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15388-15393. [PMID: 33205942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glass nanopipettes are widely used for various applications in nanosciences. In most of the applications, it is important to characterize their geometrical parameters, such as the aperture size and the inner cone angle at the tip region. For nanopipettes with sub-10 nm aperture and thin wall thickness, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) must be most instrumental in their precise geometrical measurement. However, this measurement has remained a challenge because heat generated by electron beam irradiation would largely deform sub-10 nm nanopipettes. Here, we provide methods for preparing TEM specimens that do not cause deformation of such tiny nanopipettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Shigyou
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Linhao Sun
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Riku Yajima
- Division of Nano Life Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shohei Takigaura
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masashi Tajima
- College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Furusho
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yousuke Kikuchi
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyazawa
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukuma
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Azuma Taoka
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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8
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Watanabe S, Kitazawa S, Sun L, Kodera N, Ando T. Development of high-speed ion conductance microscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:123704. [PMID: 31893861 DOI: 10.1063/1.5118360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) can image the surface topography of specimens in ionic solutions without mechanical probe-sample contact. This unique capability is advantageous for imaging fragile biological samples but its highest possible imaging rate is far lower than the level desired in biological studies. Here, we present the development of high-speed SICM. The fast imaging capability is attained by a fast Z-scanner with active vibration control and pipette probes with enhanced ion conductance. By the former, the delay of probe Z-positioning is minimized to sub-10 µs, while its maximum stroke is secured at 6 μm. The enhanced ion conductance lowers a noise floor in ion current detection, increasing the detection bandwidth up to 100 kHz. Thus, temporal resolution 100-fold higher than that of conventional systems is achieved, together with spatial resolution around 20 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Watanabe
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Satoko Kitazawa
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Linhao Sun
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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9
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Rabinowitz J, Edwards MA, Whittier E, Jayant K, Shepard KL. Nanoscale Fluid Vortices and Nonlinear Electroosmotic Flow Drive Ion Current Rectification in the Presence of Concentration Gradients. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8285-8293. [PMID: 31264868 PMCID: PMC6911310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ion current rectification (ICR) is a transport phenomenon in which an electrolyte conducts unequal currents at equal and opposite voltages. Here, we show that nanoscale fluid vortices and nonlinear electroosmotic flow (EOF) drive ICR in the presence of concentration gradients. The same EOF can yield negative differential resistance (NDR), in which current decreases with increasing voltage. A finite element model quantitatively reproduces experimental ICR and NDR recorded across glass nanopipettes under concentration gradients. The model demonstrates that spatial variations of electrical double layer properties induce the nanoscale vortices and nonlinear EOF. Experiments are performed in conditions directly related to scanning probe imaging and show that quantitative understanding of nanoscale transport under concentration gradients requires accounting for EOF. This characterization of nanopipette transport physics will benefit diverse experimentation, pushing the resolution limits of chemical and biophysical recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin A Edwards
- Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
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10
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Nandigana VVR, Jo K, Timperman A, Aluru NR. Asymmetric-Fluidic-Reservoirs Induced High Rectification Nanofluidic Diode. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13941. [PMID: 30224634 PMCID: PMC6141591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel nanofluidic diode that produces rectification factors in excess of 1000. The nanofluidic diode consists of ion permselective nanopores that connect two reservoirs of different diameters- a micropore reservoir and a macropore reservoir. On the application of +100 V to the micropore, a low OFF state current is observed. The OFF state is caused by formation of the ion depleted zone in the micropore because the anions are prevented from entering the nanopores from the micropore and the cations are depleted in this region to maintain charge neutrality. On the application of −100 V, we observe a high ON state current. The ON state is caused by formation of the ion enriched zone in the microchannel because the anions cannot pass through the nanopores and accumulate in the microchannel. To maintain charge neutrality the cations also become enriched in the microchannel. The ratio of ON state current to the OFF state current gives the rectification of current. Here, plasma oxidation is used to achieve a nanopore with a large wall surface charge density of σn = −55 mC/m2 which yields a rectification of current on the order of 3500 that is nearly two orders of magnitude higher than those reported thus far. In contrast to the other nanofluidic diodes, this nanofluidic diode does not introduce asymmetry to the nanopore, but asymmetry is produced by having the nanopores join a micropore and a macropore. Introduction of asymmetry into the fluidic reservoirs which the nanopores connect is quite simple. Hence, the nanofluidic diode is easy to scale up to industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal V R Nandigana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| | - Kyoo Jo
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois, 61826, USA
| | - Aaron Timperman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 6180, USA
| | - Narayana R Aluru
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 6180, USA
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11
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Ren R, Zhang Y, Nadappuram BP, Akpinar B, Klenerman D, Ivanov AP, Edel JB, Korchev Y. Nanopore extended field-effect transistor for selective single-molecule biosensing. Nat Commun 2017; 8:586. [PMID: 28928405 PMCID: PMC5605549 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a significant drive to deliver nanotechnological solutions to biosensing, yet there remains an unmet need in the development of biosensors that are affordable, integrated, fast, capable of multiplexed detection, and offer high selectivity for trace analyte detection in biological fluids. Herein, some of these challenges are addressed by designing a new class of nanoscale sensors dubbed nanopore extended field-effect transistor (nexFET) that combine the advantages of nanopore single-molecule sensing, field-effect transistors, and recognition chemistry. We report on a polypyrrole functionalized nexFET, with controllable gate voltage that can be used to switch on/off, and slow down single-molecule DNA transport through a nanopore. This strategy enables higher molecular throughput, enhanced signal-to-noise, and even heightened selectivity via functionalization with an embedded receptor. This is shown for selective sensing of an anti-insulin antibody in the presence of its IgG isotype. Efficient detection of single molecules is vital to many biosensing technologies, which require analytical platforms with high selectivity and sensitivity. Ren et al. combine a nanopore sensor and a field-effect transistor, whereby gate voltage mediates DNA and protein transport through the nanopore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ren
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK. .,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping Qu, 300052, China.
| | | | - Bernice Akpinar
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | | | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Yuri Korchev
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.,National University of Science & Technology MISIS, Moscow, 119049, Russia
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12
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Hsu JP, Wu HH, Lin CY, Tseng S. Importance of polyelectrolyte modification for rectifying the ionic current in conically shaped nanochannels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:5351-5360. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Regulating the ICR behavior of a conical nanochannel can be achieved by modifying its surface appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Hou-Hsueh Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Shiojenn Tseng
- Department of Mathematics
- Tamkang University
- New Taipei City
- Taiwan
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13
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Şen M, Demirci A. pH-Dependent ionic-current-rectification in nanopipettes modified with glutaraldehyde cross-linked protein membranes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19263g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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14
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Guo BY, Zeng T, Wu HC. Recent advances of DNA sequencing via nanopore-based technologies. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Haywood DG, Saha-Shah A, Baker LA, Jacobson SC. Fundamental studies of nanofluidics: nanopores, nanochannels, and nanopipets. Anal Chem 2014; 87:172-87. [PMID: 25405581 PMCID: PMC4287834 DOI: 10.1021/ac504180h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Haywood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
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16
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Takami T, Park BH, Kawai T. Nanopipette exploring nanoworld. NANO CONVERGENCE 2014; 1:17. [PMID: 28191397 PMCID: PMC5271136 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-014-0017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanopipettes, with tip orifices on the order of tens to hundreds of nanometers, have been utilized in the fields of analytical chemistry and nanophysiology. Nanopipettes make nanofabrication possible at liquid/solid interfaces. Moreover, they are utilized in time-resolved measurements and for imaging biological materials, e.g., living cells, by using techniques such as scanning ion-conductance microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy. We have successfully fabricated ion-selective nanopipettes that can be used to identify targeted ions such as sodium and potassium in- and outside of living cells. In this review, we discuss the extent of utilization of nanopipettes in investigating the nanoworld. In addition, we discuss the potential applications of future nanopipettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohide Takami
- Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
| | - Bae Ho Park
- Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
| | - Tomoji Kawai
- Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
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