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Liu S, Zhan W, He X, Hao M, Shen W, Zhang X, Wang M, Li Z, Hou R, Ou Z, Feng Y, Chen F. ATPR induces acute promyelocytic leukemia cells differentiation and cycle arrest via the lncRNA CONCR/DDX11/PML-RARα signaling axis. Gene 2024; 917:148443. [PMID: 38582263 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a high mortality rate, and the production of PML-RARα fusion protein is the cause of its pathogenesis. Our group has synthesized a novel compound, 4-amino-2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl retinate (ATPR), by structural modification of All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which has strong cell differentiation-inducing effects and inhibits the expression of PML-RARα. In this study, acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells before and after ATPR induction were analyzed by whole transcriptome microarray, and the expression of lncRNA CONCR was found to be significantly downregulated. The role of CONCR in ATPR-induced cell differentiation and cycle arrest was explored through overexpression and silencing of CONCR. And then the database was used to predict that CONCR may bind to DEAD/H-Box Helicase 11 (DDX11) protein to further explore the role of CONCR binding to DDX11. The results showed that ATPR could reduce the expression of CONCR, and overexpression of CONCR could reverse the ATPR-induced cell differentiation and cycle blocking effect, and conversely silencing of CONCR could promote this effect. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments showed that CONCR could bind to DDX11, the protein expression levels of DDX11 and PML-RARα were elevated after overexpression of CONCR. These results suggest that ATPR can regulate the expression of DDX11 through CONCR to affect the expression of PML-RARα fusion protein, which in turn induces the differentiation and maturation of APL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wenjing Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiong He
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Mengjia Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wenwen Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zihan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ruirui Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ziyao Ou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yubin Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Pharmaceutical Preparations and Clinical Pharmacy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Feihu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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Parsa L, Motafakkerazad R, Soheyli ST, Haratian A, Kosari-Nasab M, Mahdavi M. Silymarin in combination with ATRA enhances apoptosis induction in human acute promyelocytic NB4 cells. Toxicon 2023; 228:107127. [PMID: 37085055 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Although all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an efficient pattern in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) therapy, further studies are required due to the extant clinical limitations of ATRA. It has been reported that Silymarin, an anti-cancer herbal substance extracted from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), is able to regulate apoptosis in various types of cancer cells through different mechanisms of action. This study investigated the apoptosis-inducing effect of Silymarin (SM) alone and in combination with ATRA on human acute promyelocytic NB4 cells. Examination using MTT assay indicated that SM treatment leads to growth inhibition in NB4 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values of SM and ATRA were calculated 90 μM and 2 μM, respectively. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry revealed that a more increase in the sub-G1 phase (a sign of apoptosis) when cells were exposed to SM in combination with ATRA. The incidence of apoptosis was confirmed through Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V-FITC analysis. The results showed that Silymarin enhances ATRA-induced apoptosis. The flow cytometric analysis also indicated an enhancement in levels of ROS in the treated cells with both compounds. The real-time PCR illustrated that SM targets apoptosis by down-regulation in Survivin and Bcl-2 while up-regulation in Bax. The findings showed that the combination of the two compounds is more effective in the induction of apoptosis in NB4 cells. Molecular docking studies indicated that Sylibin, as a primary compound of the SM, binds to the BH3 domain of Bcl-2 and the BIR domain of Survivin with various affinities. Based on the findings, it seems that SM used alone and in combination with ATRA may be beneficial for inducing apoptosis in APL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Parsa
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sarvin Taleb Soheyli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Haratian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Kosari-Nasab
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Bian Y, Xue M, Guo X, Jiang W, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Wang X, Hu Y, Zhang Q, Dun W, Zhang L. Cinobufagin induces acute promyelocytic leukaemia cell apoptosis and PML-RARA degradation in a caspase-dependent manner by inhibiting the β-catenin signalling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1801-1811. [PMID: 36121296 PMCID: PMC9518602 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2118792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is a malignant hematological tumour characterized by the presence of promyelocytic leukaemia-retinoic acid receptor A (PML-RARA) fusion protein. Cinobufagin (CBG) is one of the main effective components of toad venom with antitumor properties. However, only a few reports regarding the CBG treatment of APL are available. OBJECTIVE We explored the effect and mechanism of action of CBG on NB4 and NB4-R1 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the viability of NB4 and NB4-R1 cells treated with 0, 20, 40, and 60 nM CBG for 12, 24, and 48 h. After treatment with CBG for 24 h, Bcl-2 associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-myc expression was detected using western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Caspase-3 and PML-RARA expression levels were detected using western blotting. RESULTS CBG inhibited the viability of NB4 and NB4-R1 cells. The IC50 values of NB4 and NB4-R1 cells treated with CBG for 24 h were 45.2 nM and 37.9 nM, respectively. CBG induced NB4 and NB4-R1 cell apoptosis and PML-RARA degradation in a caspase-dependent manner and inhibited the β-catenin signalling pathway. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION CBG induced NB4 and NB4-R1 cell apoptosis and PML-RARA degradation in a caspase-dependent manner by inhibiting the β-catenin signalling pathway. This study proposes a novel treatment strategy for patients with APL, particularly those with ATRA-resistant APL.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Amphibian Venoms/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein
- beta Catenin
- Bufanolides
- Caspase 3
- Caspases
- Cyclin D1
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/pharmacology
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Xue
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjuan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongkang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenliang Dun
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Li ZY, Liang C, Ding M, Weng XQ, Sheng Y, Wu J, Lu H, Cai X. Enzastaurin enhances ATRA-induced differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7836-7854. [PMID: 33437364 PMCID: PMC7791522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is considered to be the sole clinically-useful differentiating agent in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, ATRA has been effective only in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) but not other subtypes of AML. Therefore, discovering strategies to sensitize cells to ATRA may lead to the development of ATRA-based treatments in non-APL AML patients. In the present study, a clinically-achievable concentration of enzastaurin enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation in AML cell lines, HL-60 and U937 as well as non-APL AML primary cells. Furthermore, it also restored ATRA sensitivity in ATRA-resistant cell line, HL-60Res. Mechanistically, in all these cell lines, enzastaurin-ATRA (enz-ATRA) co-treatment enhanced the protein levels of PU.1, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPε. The activity of protein kinase C β (PKCβ) was suppressed by enz-ATRA treatment in HL-60 and HL-60Res cells. However, another PKCβ-selective inhibitor mimicked the cellular and molecular effects of enzastaurin only in HL-60 cells. Furthermore, in U937 cells, enz-ATRA activated MEK and ERK, and a MEK-specific inhibitor suppressed enz-ATRA-triggered differentiation and reduced the protein levels of PU.1, C/EBPβ and C/EBPε. Enz-ATRA activated Akt in HL-60 and HL-60Res cells. However, an Akt inhibitor blocked enz-ATRA-triggered differentiation and restored the protein levels of PU.1, C/EBPβ and C/EBPε only in HL-60Res cells. Therefore, PKCβ inhibition, MEK/ERK and Akt activation were involved in enz-ATRA-induced differentiation in HL-60, U937 and HL-60Res cells, respectively, via modulation of the protein levels of C/EBPβ, C/EBPε and PU.1. Taken together, our findings may help to guide novel therapeutic strategies for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo. 197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Cui Liang
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityNo. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Central Hospital of Minhang DistrictNo. 170 Xin Song Road, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Xiang-Qin Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo. 197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Sheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo. 197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo. 197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo. 197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xun Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo. 197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China
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Li L, Xu X, Du Y, Zhang M, Feng Y, Qian X, Li S, Du T, Peng X, Chen F. ATPR induces acute promyelocytic leukemia cells differentiation and growth arrest by blockade of SHP2/Rho/ROCK1 pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 399:115053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Feng Y, Niu R, Cheng X, Wang K, Du Y, Peng X, Chen F. ATPR-induced differentiation and G0/G1 phase arrest in acute promyelocytic leukemia by repressing EBP50/NCF1 complex to promote the production of ROS. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114638. [PMID: 31254567 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated that 4-amino-2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl Retinate (ATPR) can induce human leukemia NB4 cells differentiation and G0/G1 phase arrest, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we used proteomics to screen differentially expressed protein profiles in NB4 cells before and after ATPR treatment in vitro. We analyzed the peptides digested from total cellular proteins by reverse phase LC-MS/MS and then performed label-free quantitative analysis. We found 27 significantly up-regulated proteins in the ATPR group compared to the control group. NCF1 was the most significantly changed protein. Immunoprecipitation and double immunofluorescent staining showed that EBP50 bind to NCF1. We further explored the potential molecular mechanism of EBP50/NCF1 complex in ATPR-induced differentiation and G0/G1 phase arrest. The results showed that ATPR remarkably reduced the expression of EBP50 in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, the reduction of EBP50 contributed to ROS release by modulating the subcellular localization of NCF1. The reduction of EBP50 also contributed to G0/G1 phase arrest by inhibiting CyclinD1, CyclinA2 and CDK4, as well as promoting the differentiation of NB4 cells by increasing the expression of CD11b. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of EBP50 restrained the effects of ATPR on differentiation and G0/G1 phase arrest in NB4 cells. These results suggest that ATPR-induced differentiation and G0/G1 phase arrest in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) by repressing EBP50/NCF1 complex to promote the production of ROS, and the results from in vivo experiments were consistent with those from in vitro studies. Therefore, our finding results suggest that EBP50 may be a new target for ATPR in the treatment of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruowen Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ke Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Du
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqing Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Lin J, Zhang W, Niu LT, Zhu YM, Weng XQ, Sheng Y, Zhu J, Xu J. TRIB3 Stabilizes High TWIST1 Expression to Promote Rapid APL Progression and ATRA Resistance. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6228-6242. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liang C, Ding M, Weng XQ, Sheng Y, Wu J, Cai X. The combination of UCN-01 and ATRA triggers differentiation in ATRA resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines via RAF-1 independent activation of MEK/ERK. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 126:303-312. [PMID: 30840849 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
With the introduction of arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid, the prognosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia has greatly improved. However, all-trans retinoic acid resistance is still unresolved in acute promyelocytic leukemia relapsed patients. In this study, the clinical achievable concentration of 7-hydroxystaurosporine synergized with all-trans retinoic acid to induce terminal differentiation in all-trans retinoic acid resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines. Though 7-hydroxystaurosporine is a PKC inhibitor, PKC might not be involved in the combination-induced differentiation since other PKC selective inhibitors, Gö 6976 and rottlerin failed to cooperate with all-trans retinoic acid to trigger differentiation. The combination significantly enhanced the protein level of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and/or PU.1 as well as activated MEK/ERK. U0126 (MEK specific inhibitor) not only suppressed the combination-induced differentiation but also restored the protein level of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and/or PU.1. However, RAF-1 inhibitor had no inhibitory effect on MEK activation and the combination-induced differentiation. Therefore, the combination overcame differentiation block via RAF-1 independent MEK/ERK modulation of the protein level of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and/or PU.1. These findings may provide a preclinical rationale for the potential role of this combination in the treatment of all-trans retinoic acid resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, No. 170 Xin Song Road, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Xiang-Qin Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Sheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xun Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197 Rui-jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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9
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Ma D, Wang P, Fang Q, Yu Z, Zhou Z, He Z, Wei D, Yu K, Lu T, Zhang Y, Wang J. Low-dose staurosporine selectively reverses BCR-ABL-independent IM resistance through PKC-α-mediated G2/M phase arrest in chronic myeloid leukaemia. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 46:S208-S216. [PMID: 30618318 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1490310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengyu Yu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengchang He
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Danna Wei
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Kunling Yu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaming Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
| | - Jishi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province Institute of Hematology, Guiyang, China
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10
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Ni X, Hu G, Cai X. The success and the challenge of all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of cancer. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:S71-S80. [PMID: 30277803 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1509201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, plays important roles in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and embryonic development. The effects of ATRA are mediated by nuclear retinoid receptors as well as non-genomic signal pathway, such as MAPK and PKA. The great success of differentiation therapy with ATRA in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) not only improved the prognosis of APL but also spurred the studies of ATRA in the treatment of other tumors. Since the genetic and physiopathological simplicity of APL is not common in human malignancies, the combination of ATRA with other agents (chemotherapy, epigenetic modifiers, and arsenic trioxide, etc) had been extensively investigated in a variety of tumors. In this review, we will discuss in details about ATRA and its role in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Ni
- a Department of General Surgery , Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Guohua Hu
- a Department of General Surgery , Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xun Cai
- b Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics , Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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11
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Dasatinib synergizes with ATRA to trigger granulocytic differentiation in ATRA resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines via Lyn inhibition-mediated activation of RAF-1/MEK/ERK. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 119:464-478. [PMID: 29097117 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance has been a critical problem in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) relapsed patients. In this study, dasatinib synergized with ATRA to trigger differentiation in ATRA-resistant APL cell lines. The combined treatment activated RAF-1, MEK and ERK as well as enhanced ATRA-promoted up-regulation of the protein level of PU.1, C/EBPβ and C/EBPε. U0126 (MEK specific inhibitor) and sorafenib tosylate (RAF-1 specific inhibitor) suppressed the combined treatment-induced differentiation, ERK phosphorylation and the up-regulation of C/EBPs and PU.1. Sorafenib tosylate also attenuated the MEK activity. However, the combined treatment did not enhance Ras activity and Ras inhibitor neither blocked MEK activation nor inhibited differentiation. Therefore, the combined treatment induced differentiation via Ras independent RAF-1/MEK/ERK. Earlier than RAF-1 activation, dasatinib suppressed Lyn activity, the predominant activated Src family kinase (SFK) and dephosphorylated RAF-1 at S259. Furthermore, SFK inhibitor, PP2 did suppress Lyn activity and mimicked the effect of dasatinib on ATRA-induced differentiation as well as decreased phosphorylation of RAF-1 at S259. Thus, it was suggested that Lyn inhibition might activate RAF-1 by the dephosphorylation of RAF at S259 and lead to differentiation. In conclusion, the combination of dasatinib and ATRA could overcome ATRA resistance through Lyn inhibition-mediated activation of RAF-1/MEK/ERK.
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12
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Wang H, Yang R, Zhong L, Zhu XY, Ma PP, Yang XQ, Jiang KL, Liu BZ. Location of NLS-RARα protein in NB4 cell and nude mice. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2045-2052. [PMID: 28454360 PMCID: PMC5403253 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the majority of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cases, translocons produce a promyelocytic leukemia protein-retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RARα) fusion gene. Studies have reported that neutrophil elastase (NE) cleaves bcr-1-derived PML-RAα in early myeloid cells, leaving only the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of PML attached to RARα. NLS-RARα promotes cell growth and inhibits differentiation in response to ATRA. However, the mechanisms by which NLS-RARα affects cell biological characteristics are yet to be fully elucidated. The present study found that the location of RARαwas altered after it was cleaved by NE. Firstly, NE was overexpressed during the preparation of recombinant plasmid NB-4/pCMV6-NE-Myc to cleave PML-RARα. The total protein expression levels of myc and NE and expression levels of NLS-RARα in nucleoprotein were detected by western blotting. Location of NLS-RARα protein was detected by immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning. Secondly, a nude mice model was constructed and NE protein, NLS-RARα and RARα protein assays, and the location of NLS-RARα and RARα proteins were assessed as described. The present results showed that, compared with the control groups, the location of NLS-RARα protein was predominantly detected in the nucleus, whereas RARα was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. These findings were consistent with those of the nude mice model, and these may be used as a foundation to explain the occurrence mechanism of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Rong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Ling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Zhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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13
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Li Y, Li G, Wang K, Xie YY, Zhou RP, Meng Y, Ding R, Ge JF, Chen FH. Autophagy contributes to 4-Amino-2-Trifluoromethyl-Phenyl Retinate-induced differentiation in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 319:1-11. [PMID: 28130038 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As a classic differentiation agent, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been widely used in treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, clinical application of ATRA has limitations. Our previous studies suggested that 4-Amino-2-Trifluoromethyl-Phenyl Retinate (ATPR), a novel all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) derivative designed and synthesized by our team, could induce differentiation of APL cells in vivo and in vitro. To explore the underlying mechanism of ATPR, the effect of ATPR on autophagy of APL cells was observed in the present study. The results showed that the differentiation effect of ATPR on APL cells was accompanied with autophagy induction and PML-RARα degradation via activating Notch1 signaling pathway. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy using 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets essential autophagy gene ATG5 abrogated the ATPR-induced cell differentiation. Furthermore, when pretreated with DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor, the Notch1 signaling pathway was blocked in APL cells, followed by the reduction of ATPR-induced autophagy and differentiation. Taken together, these results suggested that autophagy play an important role in ATPR-induced cell differentiation, which may provide a novel approach to cure APL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ge Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ya-Ya Xie
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ren-Peng Zhou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ran Ding
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Jin-Fang Ge
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Fei-Hu Chen
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China.
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14
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Shi L, Weng XQ, Sheng Y, Wu J, Ding M, Cai X. Staurosporine enhances ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation in human leukemia U937 cells via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3072-3080. [PMID: 27665842 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is regarded as a prominent example of differentiation therapy, it is not effective for the treatment of other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) beyond acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Therefore, new strategies need to be explored to extend the efficacy of ATRA-based therapy to non-APL AML patients. In the present study, staurosporine, a protein kinase C (PKC) pan-inhibitor, exhibited synergism with ATRA to promote granulocytic differentiation in poorly ATRA-sensitive U937 cells but not in ATRA unresponsive K562 and Kasumi cells. Staurosporine or the combined treatment did not affect PKC activity in U937 cells. Moreover, other selective PKC inhibitors, UCN-01, Go6976 or rottlerin failed to enhance ATRA‑induced granulocytic differentiation in U937 cells. Therefore, staurosporine-enhanced ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation in U937 cells may be independent of PKC. Staurosporine activated mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK). Meanwhile, staurosporine also enhanced ATRA-promoted upregulation of the protein level of CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPε in U937 cells. Furthermore, blockade of MEK activation suppressed staurosporine‑enhanced differentiation as well as the elevated protein level of C/EBPs. Taken together, we concluded that staurosporine enhanced ATRA‑induced granulocytic differentiation in U937 cells via MEK/ERK-mediated modulation of the protein level of C/EBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Qin Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xun Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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15
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Liu T, Men Q, Wu G, Yu C, Huang Z, Liu X, Li W. Tetrandrine induces autophagy and differentiation by activating ROS and Notch1 signaling in leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:7992-8006. [PMID: 25797266 PMCID: PMC4480730 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a differentiating agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the therapeutic efficacy of ATRA has limitations. Tetrandrine is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb extract with antitumor effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of tetrandrine on human PML-RARα-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Tetrandrine inhibited tumors in vivo. It induced autophagy and differentiation by triggering ROS generation and activating Notch1 signaling. Tetrandrine induced autophagy and differentiation in M5 type patient primary leukemia cells. The in vivo results indicated that low concentrations of tetrandrine inhibited leukemia cells proliferation and induced autophagy and then facilitated their differentiation, by activating ROS and Notch1 signaling. We suggest that tetrandrine is a potential agent for the treatment of APL by inducing differentiation of leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxu Men
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guixian Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chunrong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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16
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Wang L, Xiao H, Zhang X, Liao W, Fu S, Huang H. Restoration of CCAAT enhancer binding protein α P42 induces myeloid differentiation and overcomes all-trans retinoic acid resistance in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4-R1 cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1685-95. [PMID: 26397153 PMCID: PMC4599186 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is one of the first line agents in differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, drug resistance is a major problem influencing the efficacy of ATRA. Identification of mechanisms of ATRA resistance are urgenly needed. In the present study, we found that expression of C/EBPα, an important transcription factor for myeloid differentiation, was significantly suppressed in ATRA resistant APL cell line NB4-R1 compared with ATRA sensitive NB4 cells. Moreover, two forms of C/EBPα were unequally suppressed in NB4-R1 cells. Suppression of the full-length form P42 was more pronounced than the truncated form P30. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was also observed in NB4-R1 cells. Moreover, C/EBPα expression was reduced by PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and mTOR inhibitor RAD001 in NB4 cells, suggesting that inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was responsible for C/EBPα suppression in APL cells. We restored C/EBPα P42 and P30 by lentivirus vectors in NB4-R1 cells, respectively, and found C/EBPα P42, but not P30, could increase CD11b, CD14, G-CSFR and GM-CSFR expression, which indicated the occurrence of myeloid differentiation. Further upregulating of CD11b expression and differential morphological changes were found in NB4-R1 cells with restored C/EBPα P42 after ATRA treatment. However, CD11b expression and differential morphological changes could not be induced by ATRA in NB4-R1 cells infected with P30 expressing or control vector. Thus, we inferred that ATRA sensitivity of NB4-R1 cells was enhanced by restoration of C/EBPα P42. In addition, we used histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin (TSA) to restore C/EBPα expression in NB4-R1 cells. Similar enhancement of myeloid differentiation and cell growth arrest were detected. Together, the present study demonstrated that suppression of C/EBPα P42 induced by PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibition impaired the differentiation and ATRA sensitivity of APL cells. Restoring C/EBPα P42 is an attractive approach for differentiation therapy in ATRA resistant APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limengmeng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Haowen Xiao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Weichao Liao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Shan Fu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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