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The Influence of High-Pressure Torsion on the Free Volume and Shear-Band Formation during the Indentation of Vit105 Metallic Glass. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12081278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The research on structural features, microhardness distribution, and deformation features of Vit105 bulk metallic glass (BMG) before and after high-pressure torsion (HPT), as well as after relaxing annealing, has been carried out. HPT n = 1 leads to an increase in free volume ΔV, and relaxing annealing leads to a decrease in ΔV and non-uniformity relative to the initial state of BMG. In the initial BMG and in the BMG after relaxing annealing, microhardness is uniformly distributed over the surface, while in the material subjected to HPT, the microhardness distribution is more heterogeneous. The bonded-interface indentation of the BMG has been conducted in different states. The formation of numerous concentric bands around the indenter is observed. The pattern of band distribution is more homogenous in Vit105 BMG alloy before HPT. In relaxed samples, the bands often have fractures and irregularities, as well as cracks that can be seen under the indents. After HPT, the formation of several intensity bands can be observed, as well as a number of low-intensity ones between the main intensity bands. The average distance between the bands in the initial BMG and BMG after HPT is close to identical, while the distance between the bands is smaller in the relaxed state, which reflects the lower plasticity of the material after annealing.
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Reddy KV, Pal S. Recreating the shear band evolution in nanoscale metallic glass by mimicking the atomistic rolling deformation: a molecular dynamics study. J Mol Model 2021; 27:220. [PMID: 34232386 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rolling processes are extensively used to induce network of shear bands (SBs) in the bulk metallic glasses, which in turn enhances the overall plasticity of the specimen. However, the atomic-level understanding of shear band formation/propagation mechanism during mechanical processing is still limited. In this perspective, we have developed a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation model to recreate the rolling deformation process and investigate the SB formation in Cu-Zr metallic glass (MG) specimen. Results have shown that dense and concentrated primary SBs along with secondary branching are formed during cryo-rolling, whereas a scattered and thicker SBs are formed during hot rolling process. Meanwhile, Voronoi cluster analysis revealed that the high five-fold symmetry clusters tend to decrease, while the crystalline-like cluster increases during the hot rolling process. These findings from the study are in good agreement with previous experimental studies substantiated in literature, which shows that the model correctly predicts the shear-banding phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vijay Reddy
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, India
| | - Snehanshu Pal
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, India. .,Centre for Nanomaterials, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, India.
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Mu X, Chellali MR, Boltynjuk E, Gunderov D, Valiev RZ, Hahn H, Kübel C, Ivanisenko Y, Velasco L. Unveiling the Local Atomic Arrangements in the Shear Band Regions of Metallic Glass. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007267. [PMID: 33604975 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The prospective applications of metallic glasses are limited by their lack of ductility, attributed to shear banding inducing catastrophic failure. A concise depiction of the local atomic arrangement (local atomic packing and chemical short-range order), induced by shear banding, is quintessential to understand the deformation mechanism, however still not clear. An explicit view of the complex interplay of local atomic structure and chemical environment is presented by mapping the atomic arrangements in shear bands (SBs) and in their vicinity in a deformed Vitreloy 105 metallic glass, using the scanning electron diffraction pair distribution function and atom probe tomography. The results experimentally prove that plastic deformation causes a reduction of geometrically favored polyhedral motifs. Localized motifs variations and antisymmetric (bond and chemical) segregation extend for several hundred nanometers from the SB, forming the shear band affected zones. Moreover, the variations within the SB are found both perpendicular and parallel to the SB plane, also observable in the oxidation activity. The knowledge of the structural-chemical changes provides a deeper understanding of the plastic deformation of metallic glasses especially for their functional applications and future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Mu
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Mohammed Reda Chellali
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Boltynjuk
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Dmitry Gunderov
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Ufa Federal Research Center RAS, Ufa, 450075, Russia
| | - Ruslan Z Valiev
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Horst Hahn
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
- Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64206, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
- Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64206, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Yulia Ivanisenko
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Leonardo Velasco
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
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Wang C, Gong Y, Cunning BV, Lee S, Le Q, Joshi SR, Buyukcakir O, Zhang H, Seong WK, Huang M, Wang M, Lee J, Kim GH, Ruoff RS. A general approach to composites containing nonmetallic fillers and liquid gallium. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe3767. [PMID: 33523863 PMCID: PMC7775790 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a versatile method to make liquid metal composites by vigorously mixing gallium (Ga) with non-metallic particles of graphene oxide (G-O), graphite, diamond, and silicon carbide that display either paste or putty-like behavior depending on the volume fraction. Unlike Ga, the putty-like mixtures can be kneaded and rolled on any surface without leaving residue. By changing temperature, these materials can be stiffened, softened, and, for the G-O-containing composite, even made porous. The gallium putty (GalP) containing reduced G-O (rG-O) has excellent electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness. GalP with diamond filler has excellent thermal conductivity and heat transfer superior to a commercial liquid metal-based thermal paste. Composites can also be formed from eutectic alloys of Ga including Ga-In (EGaIn), Ga-Sn (EGaSn), and Ga-In-Sn (EGaInSn or Galinstan). The versatility of our approach allows a variety of fillers to be incorporated in liquid metals, potentially allowing filler-specific "fit for purpose" materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Wang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Gong
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin V Cunning
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Quan Le
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Shalik R Joshi
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Onur Buyukcakir
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyang Zhang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kyung Seong
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming Huang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Meihui Wang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseon Lee
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Ho Kim
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Rodney S Ruoff
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Influence of High-Pressure Torsion and Accumulative High-Pressure Torsion on Microstructure and Properties of Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Vit105. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vit105 (Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 at. %) bulk metallic glass samples were processed by high-pressure torsion and accumulative high-pressure torsion. By DSC, XRD and SANS methods it was shown that accumulative high-pressure torsion allows for achieving high real strains and leads to an increase in the free volume and significant transformation of the structure. Minor crystallization was detected after high-pressure torsion processing.
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Influence of HPT Deformation on the Structure and Properties of Amorphous Alloys. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that structural changes in amorphous alloys under high pressure torsion (HPT) are determined by their chemical composition and processing regimes. For example, HPT treatment of some amorphous alloys leads to their nanocrystallization; in other alloys, nanocrystallization was not observed, but structural transformations of the amorphous phase were revealed. HPT processing resulted in its modification by introducing interfaces due to the formation of shear bands. In this case, the alloys after HPT processing remained amorphous, but a cluster-type structure was formed. The origin of the observed changes in the structure and properties of amorphous alloys is associated with the chemical separation and evolution of free volume in the amorphous phase due to the formation of a high density of interfaces as a result of HPT processing. Amorphous metal alloys with a nanocluster structure and nanoscale inhomogeneities, representatives of which are nanoglasses, significantly differ in their physical and mechanical properties from conventional amorphous materials. The results presented in this review show that the severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing can be one of the efficient ways for producing a nanocluster structure and improving the properties of amorphous alloys.
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Strain-hardening and suppression of shear-banding in rejuvenated bulk metallic glass. Nature 2020; 578:559-562. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Improved Tensile Ductility by Severe Plastic Deformation for Nano-Structured Metallic Glass. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12101611. [PMID: 31100842 PMCID: PMC6566254 DOI: 10.3390/ma12101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of severe plastic deformation by high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the structure and plastic tensile properties of two Zr-based bulk metallic glasses, Zr55.7Ni10Al7Cu19Co8.3 and Zr64Ni10Al7Cu19, was investigated. The compositions were chosen because, in TEM investigation, Zr55.7Ni10Al7Cu19Co8.3 exhibited nanoscale inhomogeneity, while Zr64Ni10Al7Cu19 appeared homogeneous on that length scale. The nanoscale inhomogeneity was expected to result in an increased plastic strain limit, as compared to the homogeneous material, which may be further increased by severe mechanical work. The as-cast materials exhibited 0.1% tensile plasticity for Zr64Ni10Al7Cu19 and Zr55.7Ni10Al7Cu19Co8.3. Following two rotations of HPT treatment, the tensile plastic strain was increased to 0.5% and 0.9%, respectively. Further testing was performed by X-ray diffraction and by differential scanning calorimetry. Following two rotations of HPT treatment, the initially fully amorphous Zr55.7Ni10Al7Cu19Co8.3 exhibited significantly increased free volume and a small volume fraction of nanocrystallites. A further increase in HPT rotation number did not result in an increase in plastic ductility of both alloys. Possible reasons for the different mechanical behavior of nanoscale heterogeneous Zr55.7Ni10Al7Cu19Co8.3 and homogeneous Zr64Ni10Al7Cu19 are presented.
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Scudino S, Bian JJ, Shakur Shahabi H, Şopu D, Sort J, Eckert J, Liu G. Ductile bulk metallic glass by controlling structural heterogeneities. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9174. [PMID: 29907778 PMCID: PMC6003957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A prerequisite to utilize the full potential of structural heterogeneities for improving the room-temperature plastic deformation of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is to understand their interaction with the mechanism of shear band formation and propagation. This task requires the ability to artificially create heterogeneous microstructures with controlled morphology and orientation. Here, we analyze the effect of the designed heterogeneities generated by imprinting on the tensile mechanical behavior of the Zr52.5Ti5Cu18Ni14.5Al10 BMG by using experimental and computational methods. The imprinted material is elastically heterogeneous and displays anisotropic mechanical properties: strength and ductility increase with increasing the loading angle between imprints and tensile direction. This behavior occurs through shear band branching and their progressive rotation. Molecular dynamics and finite element simulations indicate that shear band branching and rotation originates at the interface between the heterogeneities, where the characteristic atomistic mechanism responsible for shear banding in a homogeneous glass is perturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Scudino
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069, Dresden, Germany.
| | - J J Bian
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviors of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - H Shakur Shahabi
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069, Dresden, Germany.,Heraeus Amorphous Metals, Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Heraeusstrasse 12 - 14, D-63450, Hanau, Germany
| | - D Şopu
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069, Dresden, Germany.,Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, Darmstadt, D-64287, Germany.,Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - J Sort
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, E-08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Eckert
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700, Leoben, Austria.,Department Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - G Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviors of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Scudino S, Şopu D. Strain Distribution Across an Individual Shear Band in Real and Simulated Metallic Glasses. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:1221-1227. [PMID: 29336568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of the fast dynamics of shear band formation and propagation along with the small size and transient character of the shear transformation zones (STZs), the elementary units of plasticity in metallic glasses, the description of the nanoscale mechanism of shear banding often relies on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, the unrealistic parameters used in the simulations related to time constraints may raise questions about whether quantitative comparison between results from experimental and computational analyses is possible. Here, we have experimentally analyzed the strain field arising across an individual shear band by nanobeam X-ray diffraction and compared the results with the strain characterizing a shear band generated by MD simulations. Despite their largely different spatiotemporal scales, the characteristic features of real and simulated shear bands are strikingly similar: the magnitude of the strain across the shear band is discontinuous in both cases and the direction of the principal strain axes exhibits the same antisymmetric profile. This behavior can be explained by considering the mechanism of STZ activation and percolation at the nanoscale, indicating that the nanoscale effects of shear banding are not limited to the area within the band but they extend well into the surrounding elastic matrix. These findings not only demonstrate the reliability of MD simulations for explaining (also quantitatively) experimental observations of shear banding but also suggest that designed experiments can be used the other way around to verify numerical predictions of the atomic rearrangements occurring within a band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Scudino
- Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden , Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Şopu
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences , Jahnstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
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Abstract
One way to adjust the properties of materials is by changing its microstructure. This concept is not easily applicable on bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), because they do not consist of grains or different phases and so their microstructure is very homogeneous. One obvious way to integrate inhomogeneities is to produce bulk metallic glass composites (BMGCs). Here we show how to generate BMGCs via high-pressure torsion (HPT) starting from powders (amorphous Zr-MG and crystalline Cu). Using this approach, the composition can be varied and by changing the applied shear strains, the refinement of the microstructure is adjustable. This process permits to produce amorphous/crystalline composites where the scale of the phases can be varied from the micro- to the nanometer regime. Even mixing of the two phases and the generation of new metallic glasses can be achieved. The refinement of microstructure increases the hardness and a hardness higher than the initial BMG can be obtained.
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Degradation of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses used in load-bearing implants: A tribocorrosion appraisal. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 60:56-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Samadi-Dooki A, Malekmotiei L, Voyiadjis GZ. Characterizing shear transformation zones in polycarbonate using nanoindentation. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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