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Wang L, Piao Y, Guo F, Wei J, Chen Y, Dai X, Zhang X. Current progress of pig models for liver cancer research. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115256. [PMID: 37536038 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical trials play critical roles in assessing the safety and efficiency of novel therapeutic strategies for human diseases including live cancer. However, most therapeutic strategies that were proved to be effective in preclinical cancer models failed in human clinical trials due to the lack of appropriate disease animal models. Therefore, it is of importance and urgent to develop a precise animal model for preclinical cancer research. Liver cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers with low 5-year survival rate. Recently, porcine attracted increasing attentions as animal model in biomedical research. Porcine liver cancer model may provide a promising platform for biomedical research due to their similarities to human being in body size, anatomical characteristics, physiology and pathophysiology. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the advantages and disadvantages, rationale, current status and progress of pig models for liver cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuexian Piao
- Invasive Technology Nursing Platform, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiarui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yurong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Ginsenoside Rg3 Prolongs Survival of the Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model by Inducing Apoptosis and Inhibiting Angiogenesis. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:3815786. [PMID: 31534898 PMCID: PMC6732603 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3815786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Microvessel density is a marker of tumor angiogenesis activity for development and metastasis. Our preliminary study showed that ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the cross-link for apoptosis induction and antiangiogenesis effect of Rg3 on orthotopic HCC in vivo. Methods The murine HCC cells Hep1-6 were implanted in the liver of mouse. With oral feeding of Rg3 (10 mg/kg once a day for 30 days), the quantitative analysis of apoptosis was performed by using pathology and a transmission electron microscope and microvessel density was quantitatively measured by immunohistochemical staining of the CD105 antibody. The mice treated with Rg3 (n = 10) were compared with the control (n = 10) using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Animal weight and tumor weight were measured to determine the toxicity of Rg3 and antitumor effect on an orthotopic HCC tumor model. Results With oral feeding of Rg3 daily in the first 30 days on tumor implantation, Rg3 significantly decreased the orthotopic tumor growth and increased the survival of animals (P < 0.05). Rg3-treated mice showed a longer survival than the control (P < 0.05). Rg3 treatment induced apoptosis and inhibited angiogenesis. They contributed to the tumor shrinkage. Rg3 initialized the tumor apoptotic progress, which then weakened the tumor volume and its capability to produce the vascularized network for further growth of the tumor and remote metastasis. Conclusion Rg3 inhibited the activation of microtumor vessel formation in vivo besides its apoptosis induction. Rg3 may be used as an adjuvant agent in the clinical HCC treatment regimen.
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Wang C, Song X, Shang M, Zou W, Zhang M, Wei H, Shao H. Curcumin exerts cytotoxicity dependent on reactive oxygen species accumulation in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1243-1253. [PMID: 30843426 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Curcumin induces cytotoxic cell death in several human cancer cells. Here, we have investigated the effects of curcumin on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an aim to identify underlying mechanisms of its cytotoxic effect. MATERIALS & METHODS The effects of various concentrations of curcumin on the NSCLC cell lines A549 and SPC-A1 were evaluated by MTT assay, colony-forming assay and flow cytometry. Additionally, protein expression associated with different signaling pathways was assessed using western blotting. RESULTS Curcumin exhibited cytotoxicity against NSCLC, evident from the inhibition of cell proliferation, G2/M arrest, DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial apoptosis. The anticancer effect was related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and could be reversed by ROS scavengers, catalase and N-acetyl-l-cysteine. Curcumin decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential and induced ROS production, thereby activating the DNA damage/repair pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results indicate that curcumin could be an effective therapeutic candidate for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health & Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ming Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Public Health, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health & Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mengping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health & Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Public Health, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health & Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hua Shao
- Key Laboratory of Public Health, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health & Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Pilot in vitro and in vivo study on a mouse model to evaluate the safety of transcutaneous low-frequency electrical nerve stimulation on cervical cancer patients. Int Urogynecol J 2018; 30:71-80. [PMID: 29610941 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-018-3625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS To clarify whether the pulse electrical field (PEF) caused by transcutaneous low-frequency nerve electrical stimulation (TENS) enhances the proliferation of cervical cancer cells, leading to recurrence and metastasis, and the effect of such a PEF on a cervical cancer mouse model. METHODS 1. In vitro experiment: SiHa cervical cancer cells treated with one session of microsecond PEFs for 30 min were divided into four groups: three experimental groups and the control group. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by CCK-8 proliferation and Transwell chamber Matrigel migration assay. 2. In vivo experiment: A mouse cancer model was established by subcutaneous implantation of SiHa cells that were then were randomly divided into the TENS group and control group. The former group received one session of TENS treatment and the control group received a sham pulse. The growth trend and tumor volume of each group were compared 28 days after PEF treatment. The proliferation and apoptosis of the tumor were determined by an immunohistochemical method. RESULTS (1) The CCK-8 proliferation assay and cell migration ability showed no difference after PEF stimulation treatment (F = 2.478, P = 0.136 > 0.05 and F = 0.364, P = 0.779). (2) Tumor growth, size and weight showed no significant difference between the two groups. (3) Expression of VEGF, CD34, caspase-3 and Ki-67 in the tumor tissue showed no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS In vitro and in vivo experiments (mice) showed that the PEF created by TENS had no effect on the proliferation and migration of SiHa cervical cancer cells and also had no effect on the tumor growth, tumor cell apoptosis and proliferation.
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Chen X, Ren Z, Yin S, Xu Y, Guo D, Xie H, Zhou L, Wu L, Jiang J, Li H, Sun J, Zheng S. The local liver ablation with pulsed electric field stimulate systemic immune reaction against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with time-dependent cytokine profile. Cytokine 2017; 93:44-50. [PMID: 28506570 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM How irreversible electroporation (IRE) affect immune status is still kept unknown. This preclinical study is to investigate its local and systemic immune reaction both on tumor-bearing and tumor free animals. METHODS Liver ablation was performed by a standard IRE instrument and proposal. Altogether 57 tumor bearing mice and 10 tumor-free porcine livers were ablated. The reaction of survival, radiology image, pathologically and immunologically were followed up. The detailed cytokines and chemokines responses were recorded dynamically post IRE ablation. RESULTS IRE ablation induced coagulation and necrosis in liver. It caused macrophages infiltration, in ablation zone. IRE ablation caused cellular inflammation. It, corrected the abnormal drifted Th2 in HCC back to Th1 status, promoting tumor eradication and host survival. The quantified cytokines and chemokines indicate IRE can stimulate both local immune reaction and systemic immune reaction. CONCLUSION Local IRE ablation changes the abnormal drifted Th2 in HCC back to Th1 status, facilitating tumor eradication and host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Zhigang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Shengyong Yin
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Yuning Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Danjing Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Lin Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Liming Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Jianwen Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Hongchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518112, China.
| | - Junhui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Yao C, Lv Y, Dong S, Zhao Y, Liu H. Irreversible electroporation ablation area enhanced by synergistic high- and low-voltage pulses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173181. [PMID: 28253331 PMCID: PMC5333894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) produced by a pulsed electric field can ablate tissue. In this study, we achieved an enhancement in ablation area by using a combination of short high-voltage pulses (HVPs) to create a large electroporated area and long low-voltage pulses (LVPs) to ablate the electroporated area. The experiments were conducted in potato tuber slices. Slices were ablated with an array of four pairs of parallel steel electrodes using one of the following four electric pulse protocols: HVP, LVP, synergistic HVP+LVP (SHLVP) or LVP+HVP. Our results showed that the SHLVPs more effectively necrotized tissue than either the HVPs or LVPs, even when the SHLVP dose was the same as or lower than the HVP or LVP doses. The HVP and LVP order mattered and only HVPs+LVPs (SHLVPs) treatments increased the size of the ablation zone because the HVPs created a large electroporated area that was more susceptible to the subsequent LVPs. Real-time temperature change monitoring confirmed that the tissue was non-thermally ablated by the electric pulses. Theoretical calculations of the synergistic effects of the SHLVPs on tissue ablation were performed. Our proposed SHLVP protocol provides options for tissue ablation and may be applied to optimize the current clinical IRE protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguo Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yanpeng Lv
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shoulong Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Song X, Xie L, Wang X, Zeng Q, Chen TC, Wang W, Song X. Temozolomide-perillyl alcohol conjugate induced reactive oxygen species accumulation contributes to its cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22762. [PMID: 26949038 PMCID: PMC4780103 DOI: 10.1038/srep22762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide-perillyl alcohol conjugate (TMZ − POH), a novel temozolomide analog, was reported to play a cytotoxic role in triple-negative breast cancer and TMZ-resistant gliomas. In a current study we had demonstrated how TMZ − POH also exhibited its cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancer, as evidence from cell/tumor proliferation inhibition, G2/M arrest, DNA damage and mitochondrial apoptosis. Importantly, TMZ − POH’s cytotoxicity is closely related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation because it can be reversed by two ROS scavengers, catalase (CAT) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). TMZ − POH induces mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) decrease and ROS accumulation, in turn activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling and mitochondrial apoptosis, and then exerts its cytotoxicity, thus proposing TMZ − POH as a potential therapeutic candidate for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Li Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xingwu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medicine Science, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Thomas C Chen
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, and Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Weijun Wang
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, and Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xianrang Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Electric Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in Vital Hepatic Structures and Follow-up Investigation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16233. [PMID: 26549662 PMCID: PMC4637899 DOI: 10.1038/srep16233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) with microsecond-pulsed electric fields (μsPEFs) can effectively ablate hepatocellular carcinomas in animal models. This preclinical study evaluates the feasibility and safety of IRE on porcine livers. Altogether, 10 pigs were included. Computed tomography (CT) was used to guide two-needle electrodes that were inserted near the hilus hepatis and gall bladder. Animals were followed-up at 2 hours and at 2, 7 and 14 days post-treatment. During and after μsPEF ablation, electrocardiographs found no cardiovascular events, and contrast CT found no portal vein thrombosis. There was necrosis in the ablation zone. Mild cystic oedema around the gall bladder was found 2 hours post-treatment. Pathological studies showed extensive cell death. There was no large vessel damage, but there was mild endothelial damage in some small vessels. Follow-up liver function tests and routine blood tests showed immediate liver function damage and recovery from the damage, which correlated to the pathological changes. These results indicate that μsPEF ablation affects liver tissue and is less effective in vessels, which enable μsPEFs to ablate central tumour lesions close to the hilus hepatis and near large vessels and bile ducts, removing some of the limitations and contraindications of conventional thermal ablation.
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