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Hwang SJ, Choi YJ, Wang JH, Son CG. Lactobacillus Casei-fermented Amomum Xanthioides Mitigates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a high-fat diet mice model. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116250. [PMID: 38320334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a substantial global health issue owing to its high prevalence and the lack of effective therapies. Fermentation of medicinal herbs has always been considered a feasible strategy for enhancing efficacy in treating various ailments. This study aimed to investigate the potential benefits of the Lactobacillus casei-fermented Amomum xanthioides (LAX) on NAFLD in a high-fat diet model. HFD-fed C57BL6/j mice were administered with 200 mg/kg of LAX or unfermented Amomum xanthioides (AX) or 100 mg/kg of metformin for 6 weeks from the 4th week. The 10-week HFD-induced alterations of hepatic lipid accumulation and hepatic inflammation were significantly attenuated by LAX dominantly (more than AX or metformin), which evidenced by pathohistological findings, lipid contents, inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)- 6 and IL-1β, oxidative parameters such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and molecular changes reversely between lipogenic proteins such as glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)- 1, and lipolytic proteins including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK)-α in the liver tissues. In addition, the abnormal serum lipid parameters (triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol) notably ameliorated by LAX. In conclusion, these findings support the potential of LAX as a promising plant-derived remedy for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ju Hwang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea; Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Choi
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Se-Myung University, Semyeong-ro 65, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 27136, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea; Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea; Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, the Republic of Korea.
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Shu G, Lei X, Li G, Zhang T, Wang C, Song A, Yu H, Wang X, Deng X. Ergothioneine suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation via promoting Foxa3-dependent potentiation of the Hint1/Smad7 cascade and improves CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10591-10604. [PMID: 37955610 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03643j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Ergothioneine (EGT) is a bioactive compound derived from certain edible mushrooms. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is critically involved in the etiology of liver fibrosis (LF). Here, we report that in LX-2 HSCs, EGT upregulates the expression of Hint1 and Smad7 and suppresses their activation provoked by TGFβ1. The EGT-triggered inhibition of HSC activation is abolished by knocking down the expression of Hint1. Overexpression of Hint1 increases Smad7 and represses TGFβ1-provoked activation of LX-2 HSCs. In silico predictions unveiled that in the promoter region of the human Hint1 gene, there are two conserved cis-acting elements that have the potential to interact with the transcription factor Foxa3 termed hFBS1 and hFBS2, respectively. The knockdown of Foxa3 obviously declined Hint1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Transfection of Foxa3 or EGT treatment increased the activity of the luciferase reporter driven by the Hint1 promoter in an hFBS2-dependent manner. The knockdown of Foxa3 eliminated EGT-mediated upregulation of Hint1 promoter activity. Additionally, EGT triggered the nuclear translocation of Foxa3 without obviously affecting its expression level. Molecular docking analysis showed that EGT has the potential to directly interact with the Foxa3 protein. Moreover, Foxa3 played a critical role in EGT-mediated hepatoprotection. EGT modulated the Foxa3/Hint1/Smad7 signaling in mouse primary HSCs and inhibited their activation. The gavage of EGT considerably relieved CCl4-induced LF in mice. Our data provide new insights into the anti-LF activity of EGT. Mechanistically, EGT triggers the nuclear translocation of Foxa3 in HSCs, which promotes Hint1 transcription and subsequently elevates Smad7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiao Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Guangqiong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Chuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Anning Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Huifan Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xukun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Nasehi Z, Kheiripour N, Taheri MA, Ardjmand A, Jozi F, Shahaboddin ME. Efficiency of Hesperidin against Liver Fibrosis Induced by Bile Duct Ligation in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:5444301. [PMID: 37082190 PMCID: PMC10113046 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5444301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Bile duct ligation (BDL) and subsequent cholestasis are associated with oxidative stress and liver injury and fibrosis. Hesperidin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone 7-rhamnoglucoside) is a flavanone glycoside abundant in citrus fruits. It has positive effects on diabetic retinopathy, reduced platelet aggregation, and blood flow alterations and has the potential to reduce liver injury in oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of hesperidin on BDL-induced liver injury in rats. Methods A total of 48 adult male Wistar rats were equally allocated to six eight-rat groups, namely, a healthy group, a sham group, a BDL+Vehicle group (BDL plus treatment with distilled water), a BDL+VitC group (BDL plus treatment with vitamin C 4.25 μg/kg), a BDL+Hesp100 group (BDL plus treatment with hesperidin 100 mg/kg/day), and a BDL+Hesp200 group (BDL plus treatment with hesperidin 200 mg/kg/day). Treatments were orally provided for 21 consecutive days. Finally, rats were sacrificed through heart blood sampling. Blood samples were centrifuged, and liver function, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters were assessed. Liver tissue was also assessed for oxidative stress, antioxidant, and histological parameters. The expression of inflammatory genes, namely, TGFβ1, iNOS, Caspase-3, and α-SMA, was measured through polymerase chain reaction. Findings. Hesperidin supplementation was associated with significant decrease in the levels of liver enzymes, bilirubin, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and inflammatory gene expression; significant increase in the levels of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activity; and significant improvement in the histological morphology and structure of the liver parenchyma. Conclusion Hesperidin has significant positive effects on liver morphology and structure, inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in rats with BDL-induced cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Nasehi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Nejat Kheiripour
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhavan Taheri
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Ardjmand
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Jozi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Esmaeil Shahaboddin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Alruhaili MH, Almuhayawi MS, Gattan HS, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Jaouni SKA, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Insight into the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activities of Amomum subulatum and Amomum xanthioides: an in vitro and in silico study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136961. [PMID: 37152127 PMCID: PMC10157186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Medicinal plants have been considered as potential source of therapeutics or as starting materials in drugs formulation. Methods The current study aims to shed light on the therapeutic potential of the Amomum subulatom and Amomum xanthioides Fruits by analyzing the phytochemical composition of their seeds and fruits using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques to determine the presence of bioactive components such as flavonoids, phenols, vitamins, steroids, and essential oils. Results and Discussion The protein content is usually higher than the total lipids in both species except the fruit of A. subulatum which contain more lipids than proteins. The total protein contents for A. subulatum were 235.03 ± 21.49 and 227.49 ± 25.82 mg/g dry weight while for A. xanthioides were 201.9 ± 37.79 and 294.99 ± 37.93 mg/g dry weight for seeds and fruit, respectively. The Carvacrol levels in A. subulatum is 20 times higher than that in A. xanthioides. Lower levels of α-Thujene, Phyllanderenes, Ascaridole, and Pinocarvone were also observed in both species. According to DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) assay, seed the extract of A. subulatum exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (78.26±9.27 %) followed by the seed extract of A. xanthioides (68.21±2.56 %). Similarly, FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay showed that the highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by the seed extract of the two species; 20.14±1.11 and 21.18±1.04 µmol trolox g-1 DW for A. subulatum and A. xanthioides, respectively. In terms of anti-lipid peroxidation, relatively higher values were obtained for the fruit extract of A. subulatum (6.08±0.35) and the seed extract of A. xanthioides (6.11±0.55). Ethanolic seed extracts of A. subulatum had the highest efficiency against four Gram-negative bacterial species which causes serious human diseases, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. In addition, P. aeruginosa was also inhibited by the fruit extract of both A. subulatum and A. xanthioides. For the seed extract of A. xanthioides, large inhibition zones were formed against P. vulgaris and the fungus Candida albicans. Finally, we have in silico explored the mode of action of these plants by performing detailed molecular modeling studies and showed that the antimicrobial activities of these plants could be attributed to the high binding affinity of their bioactive compounds to bind to the active sites of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase and the transcriptional regulator MvfR. Conclusion These findings demonstrate the two species extracts possess high biological activities and therapeutical values, which increases their potential value in a number of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Alruhaili
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S. Gattan
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned Talal Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K. Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
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Cai R, Yue X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Chemistry and bioactivity of plants from the genus Amomum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114563. [PMID: 34438033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Amomum belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, is mainly distributed in tropical regions of Asia and Oceania. Their fruits and seeds are valuable traditional medicine and used extensively, particularly in South China, India, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The genus Amomum has long been used for treating gastric diseases, digestive disorder, cancer, hepatopathy, malaria, etc. AIMS OF THE REVIEW: The main purpose of this review is to provide the available information on the traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology aspects of the genus Amomum in order to explore the trends and perspectives for further studies on its non-volatile constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present review collected the literatures published prior to 2020 on the traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the genus Amomum. The available literatures were extracted from scientific databases, such as Sci-finder, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, and CNKI, books, and others. RESULTS Herein, we summarize all 166 naturally occurring non-volatile compounds from 16 plants of the genus Amomum reported in 171 references, including flavonoids, terpenoids, diarylheptanoids, coumarins, etc. Triterpenes and flavonoids are the main constituents among these compounds and maybe play an important role in the activities directly or indirectly. As traditional medicine, the plants from the genus Amomum have been usually used in some traditional herbal prescriptions, and pharmacological researches in vitro and in vivo revealed that the extracts possessed significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic activities, etc. CONCLUSION: The review systematically summarizes current studies on traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity on the plants from the genus Amomum. To date, the majority of publications still focused on the research of volatile constituents. However, the promising preliminary data of non-volatile constituents indicated the research potential of this genus in phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. Furthermore, the further in-depth investigations on the safety, efficacy, as well as the stereo-chemistry and structure-activity relationships of pure compounds from this genus are essential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Cai
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Yue
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueying Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Cho JH, Lee JS, Kim HG, Lee HW, Fang Z, Kwon HH, Kim DW, Lee CM, Jeong JW. Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Amomum villosum var. xanthioides Attenuates Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis via Improvement of Antioxidant Capacities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10070998. [PMID: 34201527 PMCID: PMC8300789 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10070998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), affects 25% of the global population. Despite the prevalence of NAFLD worldwide, effective therapeutics are currently lacking. Amomum villosum var. xanthioides (Wall. ex Baker) T.L.Wu & S.J.Chen (AX) is a medicinal herb traditionally used for treating digestive tract disorders in countries across Asia. We aimed to examine the pharmacological effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of AX (AXEF) against tunicamycin (TM)-induced ER stress in a NASH mouse model using C57/BL6J male mice. Following TM injections (2 mg/kg), the mice were orally administrated AXEF (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg), silymarin (50 mg/kg), or distilled water daily for 5 days, and the outcomes for fatty liver, inflammation, and oxidative stress were measured in serum or liver tissue levels. AXEF drastically attenuated hepatic ER stress-induced NASH as indicated by decreases in lipid droplet accumulations, serum liver enzymes, hepatic inflammations, and cell death signals in the hepatic tissue and/or serum levels. Interestingly, AXEF showed potent antioxidant effects by quenching reactive oxidative stress and its final product lipid peroxide in the hepatic tissue, specifically an increase in metallothionein (MT). To confirm the underlying actions of AXEF, we observed that AXEF increases MT1 gene promoter activities in the physiological levels. Collectively, AXEF showed antioxidant properties on TM-induced ER stress in a NASH mice model through the improvement of MTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (J.-H.C.); (H.-G.K.)
- Department of East & West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Korea
| | - Jong-Suk Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon 16229, Korea;
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (J.-H.C.); (H.-G.K.)
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Zhigang Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China;
| | - Hyeok-Hee Kwon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-H.K.); (D.W.K.)
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-H.K.); (D.W.K.)
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, 137, Donam 2-gil, Sangju-si 37242, Gyeongsang-buk-do, Korea;
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, 137, Donam 2-gil, Sangju-si 37242, Gyeongsang-buk-do, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-530-0883; Fax: +82-54-530-0889
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Rahim NA, Jantan I, Said MM, Jalil J, Abd Razak AF, Husain K. Anti-Allergic Rhinitis Effects of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Metabolites via Suppression of the Immune System: A Mechanistic Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:660083. [PMID: 33927634 PMCID: PMC8076953 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.660083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa and it is an immunoglobulin E-mediated disease. The incidence and prevalence of AR globally have been escalating over recent years. Antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, decongestants, intranasal anticholinergics, intranasal cromolyn, leukotriene receptor antagonists and immunotherapy have been used in the treatment of AR. However, there is a need to search for more effective and safer remedies as many of the current treatments have reported side effects. Medicinal plants have been used traditionally to relief symptoms of AR but their efficacy and safety have not been scientifically proven. In this review, up-to-date reports of studies on the anti-allergic rhinitis of several medicinal plants and their bioactive metabolites through suppression of the immune system are compiled and critically analyzed. The plant samples were reported to suppress the productions of immunoglobulin E, cytokines and eosinophils and inhibit histamine release. The suppression of cytokines production was found to be the main mechanistic effect of the plants to give symptomatic relief. The prospect of these medicinal plants as sources of lead molecules for development of therapeutic agents to treat AR is highlighted. Several bioactive metabolites of the plants including shikonin, okicamelliaside, warifteine, methylwarifteine, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, tussilagone, petasin, and mangiferin have been identified as potential candidates for development into anti-allergic rhinitis agents. The data collection was mainly from English language articles published in journals, or studies from EBSCOHOST, Medline and Ovid, Scopus, Springer, and Google Scholar databases from the year 1985-2020. The terms or keywords used to find relevant studies were allergic rhinitis OR pollinosis OR hay fever, AND medicinal plant OR single plant OR single herb OR phytotherapy. This comprehensive review serves as a useful resource for medicinal plants with anti-allergic rhinitis potential, understanding the underlying mechanisms of action and for future exploration to find natural product candidates in the development of novel anti-allergic rhinitis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Rahim
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Mazlina Mohd Said
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amirul Faiz Abd Razak
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairana Husain
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Im HJ, Hwang SJ, Lee JS, Lee SB, Kang JY, Son CG. Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Amomum xanthioides Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2433. [PMID: 32823613 PMCID: PMC7468949 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be 25% and has continued to increase; however, no drugs have yet been approved for NAFLD treatments. The ethyl acetate fraction of Amomum xanthioides (EFAX) was previously reported to have an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect, but its effects on steatosis or steatohepatitis remain unclear. This study investigated the anti-fatty liver of EFAX using a high-fat diet mouse model. High-fat diet intake for 8 weeks induced hepatic steatosis with mild inflammation and oxidative damage and increased the adipose tissue weight along with the development of dyslipidemia. EFAX treatment significantly ameliorated the steatohepatic changes, the increased weight of adipose tissues, and the altered serum lipid profiles. These observed effects were possibly due to the lipolysis-dominant activity of EFAX on multiple hepatic proteins including sterol regulatory element-binding protein (mSREBP)-1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, AMP-activated protein kinase, and diglyceride acyltransferases (DGATs). Taken together, these results show that EFAX might be a potential therapeutic agent for regulating a wide spectrum of NAFLDs from steatosis to fibrosis via multiple actions on lipid metabolism-related proteins. Further studies investigating clear mechanisms and their active compounds are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil 75, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35353, Korea; (H.-J.I.); (S.-J.H.); (J.-S.L.); (S.-B.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
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Curcumin reduces methionine adenosyltransferase 2B expression by interrupting phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in hepatic stellate cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173424. [PMID: 32738342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The active polyphenol curcumin demonstrates therapeutic effects against various different diseases. Researches revealed the inhibitory roles of curcumin in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and fibrogenesis. HSC activation, a key step in liver fibrogenesis, requires the remodeling of DNA methylation, which is associated with methionine adenosyltransferase II (MATII) composed of catalytic subunit MAT2A and regulatory subunit MAT2B. MATII is essential for HSC activation in vitro. The present researches aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on MAT2B expression in HSCs in vivo and in vitro. Results demonstrated that curcumin could reduce MAT2B expression in HSCs at multiple levels. The activation of p38 MAPK pathway promoted MAT2B expression in HSCs. The effect of curcumin on MAT2B was through its interruption of p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Knockdown of MAT2B inhibited HSC activation and reduced collagen level in the model of liver fibrosis. Curcumin down-regulation of MAT2B contributed to the inhibitory role of curcumin on HSC activation and collagen expression in mouse livers. This study provided evidences for the effect of curcumin on the expression of MAT2B, an enzyme for the biosynthesis of methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine, in HSCs and demonstrated the function significance of curcumin-induced downregulation of MAT2B in curcumin inhibition of liver fibrosis.
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Kim HG, Kim YH, Lee SB, Lee JS, Chae SW, Kim DG, Son CG. An Herbal Formula CG plus Ameliorates Stress-Induced Hepatic Injury in a BALB/c Mouse Model. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:447. [PMID: 32346367 PMCID: PMC7171450 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stress is a well-known factor for inflammation in diverse organs/tissues. Stress also leads to liver injury, which was supported by clinical observations and animal studies. We herein investigated the hepatoprotective property of an herbal formula (called as CGplus) consisting of Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechm. (syn, Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura), Wurfbainia villosa var. xanthioides (Wall. ex Baker) Skornick. & A.D.Poulsen (syn, Amomum xanthioides Wallich), and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge against stress-induced hepatic damage. Methods Male BALB/c mice were orally administered water extract of CGplus (0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) daily for 5 days, and then subjected to immobilization stress for 6 h on the 5th day. Results Acute immobilization stress elevated remarkably serum concentrations of stress hormones (corticosterone and adrenaline) and two hepatic injury parameters (ALT and AST), while these alterations were significantly attenuated by the administration of CGplus. The increases of oxidative parameters (ROS, NO, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl) and deviation of IL-1β and IL-10 in opposite directions in hepatic tissues were significantly normalized by CGplus. Pre-treatment with CGplus also notably ameliorated the abnormal activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), CD14, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LPB) as well as infiltration of neutrophils in hepatic tissues. Conclusion These results suggest that an herbal formula (CGplus) derived from traditional pharmaceutical theory has a potent protective effect against stress-induced hepatic injury via regulation of pro- (IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Chae
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gu Kim
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Lee MM, Kim HG, Lee JS, Lee SB, Cho JH, Lee DS, Lee NH, Lee HD, Moon SO, Son CG. Synergistic hepatoprotective effects of CG plus on CCl 4-induced acute injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112441. [PMID: 31786446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese/Korean medicine suggests "blood stasis ()", "stagnation of vital energy ()" and "dampness and Phlegm ()" as the main etiologies of liver disorders, and multiherbal formulas are generally believed to exert synergistic action. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the synergistic hepatoprotective effects of CGplus (a mixture of Salviae miltiorrhiza, Artemisia iwayomogi and Ammomum xanthioides) compared to those of the individual herbs. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of fifty-six male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into eight groups and were administered water (normal and CCl4 groups), 100 mg/kg S. miltiorrhiza, A. iwayomogi, or A. xanthioides, 50 or 100 mg/kg CGPlus or dimethyl dimethoxybiphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) as a positive control for 4 consecutive days. After a single CCl4 injection (i.p., 10 mL/kg of 0.2% CCl4 in olive oil), blood and liver tissues were collected after 18 h of fasting for serum biochemistry, histopathological examination and molecular analyses. RESULTS CCl4 injection induced drastic hepatic injury characterized by a more than 30-fold increase in the release of AST and ALT into the serum. These alterations were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with each of the three herbs, while the effects of the individual herbs were synergistically augmented by CGPlus pretreatment. The synergistic hepatoprotective actions of CGPlus were demonstrated consistently by analyses of oxidative stress (oxidative stressors, oxidation products and antioxidant enzymes), pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10), and apoptosis (caspase-3, p53 and BAX) and histopathology. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that CGPlus exerts its hepatoprotective effects in a synergistic manner, and further studies are required for clinical application using other chronic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong-Min Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 64 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Dong Lee
- National Institute for Korean Medicine, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38540, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Moon
- National Institute for Korean Medicine, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38540, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Lee MM, Kim HG, Lee SB, Lee JS, Kim WY, Choi SH, Lee SK, Byun CK, Hyun PM, Son CG. CGplus, a standardized herbal composition ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a tunicamycin-induced mouse model. PHYTOMEDICINE 2018; 41:24-32. [PMID: 29519316 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
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Choi YA, Choi JK, Jang YH, Lee S, Lee SR, Choi JH, Park JH, Shin TY, Kim SH. Anti‑inflammatory effect of Amomum xanthioides in a mouse atopic dermatitis model. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8964-8972. [PMID: 28990098 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder. The present study investigated the effects of Amomum xanthioides extract (AXE) on AD‑like skin inflammation using a Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE) and 2,4‑dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)‑induced mouse AD model. Hematoxylin and eosin staining results demonstrated that repeated DFE/DNCB exposure markedly increased the thickening of the dermis and epidermis, in addition to the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells. However, oral administration of AXE reduced these histopathological alterations in a dose‑dependent manner. Elevated serum histamine, total and DFE‑specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), and IgG2a were also decreased by treatment with AXE. In addition, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) results demonstrated that the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, interferon (IFN)‑γ, interleukin (IL)‑4, IL‑13, IL‑31 and IL‑17A was reduced in ear skin following AXE administration in AD mice. Fluorescence‑activated cell sorting demonstrated that the population of CD4+/IL‑4+, CD4+/IFN‑γ+ and CD4+/IL‑17A+ cells in draining lymph nodes was also significantly decreased in AXE‑treated mice compared with AD mice without AXE treatment. Furthermore, keratinocytes that were stimulated with TNF‑α and IFN‑γ exhibited increased gene expression of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑6, IL‑8, C‑C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)17 and CCL22, as determined by RT‑qPCR. However, upregulation of these genes was reduced by AXE pretreatment. Based on these results, we hypothesize that AXE may be useful in the treatment of allergic skin inflammation, particularly AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ae Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk‑do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk‑do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Choi
- R&D Center Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Korean Drug Co., Ltd., Seoul 06300, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hun Park
- R&D Center Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Korean Drug Co., Ltd., Seoul 06300, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Shin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Samrye, Jeollabuk‑do 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Wu L, Zhang Q, Mo W, Feng J, Li S, Li J, Liu T, Xu S, Wang W, Lu X, Yu Q, Chen K, Xia Y, Lu J, Xu L, Zhou Y, Fan X, Guo C. Quercetin prevents hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and reducing autophagy via the TGF-β1/Smads and PI3K/Akt pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9289. [PMID: 28839277 PMCID: PMC5571156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on hepatic fibrosis, a characteristic response to acute or chronic liver injury. Mice were randomized to bile duct ligation (BDL) or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) cirrhosis models. Quercetin (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg daily) was administered by gavage for 2 or 4 weeks. Liver tissue and blood samples were collected for histological and molecular analysis. The results of our experiments showed that quercetin reduced BDL or CCl4 liver fibrosis, inhibited extracellular matrix formation, and regulated matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1. Quercetin attenuated liver damage by suppressing the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit autophagy in BDL- or CCl4- induced liver fibrosis. Quercetin prevented hepatic fibrosis by attenuating hepatic stellate cell activation and reducing autophagy through regulating crosstalk between the TGF-β1/Smads and PI3K/Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qinghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, 215300, Kunshan, JiangSu, China
| | - Wenhui Mo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shizan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiya Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Jinshan, Shanghai, 201508, China.
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Lee EJ, Kwon JE, Park MJ, Jung KA, Kim DS, Kim EK, Lee SH, Choi JY, Park SH, Cho ML. Ursodeoxycholic acid attenuates experimental autoimmune arthritis by targeting Th17 and inducing pAMPK and transcriptional corepressor SMILE. Immunol Lett 2017; 188:1-8. [PMID: 28539269 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been known that UDCA has prominent effects on liver, however, there is little known about its influence on autoimmune disease. Here, the benefit of UDCA on arthritis rheumatoid (RA) in vivo was tested. METHODS RA mouse were induced using collagen II (CIA, collagen induced arthritis) where the disease severity or UDCA-related signaling pathway such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE) was evaluated by westerblot and immunohistochemical staining. Gene expression was measured by realtime-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The administration of UDCA effectively alleviated the arthritic score and incidence with decreased cartilage damage and lipid metabolic parameters. UDCA also suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It was confirmed that UDCA upregulated the expression of SMILE and transcriptional activity of PPARγ via controlling AMPK or p38 activity. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, the therapeutic effect of UDCA inducing SMILE through AMPK activation in rheumatoid arthritis mouse as well as other autoimmune disease was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Lee
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kwon
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Jung
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; IMPACT Biotech, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da-Som Kim
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Young Choi
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea; IMPACT Biotech, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Institutes of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea; Laboratory of Immune Network, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea; IMPACT Biotech, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
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Dhanda S, Sandhir R. Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Is Exacerbated in Experimental Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy via MMP-9 Activation and Downregulation of Tight Junction Proteins. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3642-3659. [PMID: 28523565 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the mechanisms involved in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in bile duct ligation (BDL) model of chronic hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Four weeks after BDL surgery, a significant increase was observed in serum bilirubin levels. Masson trichrome staining revealed severe hepatic fibrosis in the BDL rats. 99mTc-mebrofenin retention was increased in the liver of BDL rats suggesting impaired hepatobiliary transport. An increase in permeability to sodium fluorescein, Evans blue, and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran along with increase in water and electrolyte content was observed in brain regions of BDL rats suggesting disrupted BBB. Increased brain water content can be attributed to increase in aquaporin-4 mRNA and protein expression in BDL rats. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) mRNA and protein expression was increased in brain regions of BDL rats. Additionally, mRNA and protein expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) was also increased in different regions of brain. A significant decrease in mRNA expression and protein levels of tight junction proteins, viz., occludin, claudin-5, and zona occluden-1 (ZO-1) was observed in different brain regions of BDL rats. VCAM-1 mRNA and protein expression was also found to be significantly upregulated in different brain regions of BDL animals. The findings from the study suggest that increased BBB permeability in HE involves activation of MMP-9 and loss of tight junction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Dhanda
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Lee SB, Kim HG, Kim HS, Lee JS, Im HJ, Kim WY, Son CG. Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Amomum xanthioides Exerts Antihepatofibrotic Actions via the Regulation of Fibrogenic Cytokines in a Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Rat Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2016; 2016:6014380. [PMID: 27594891 PMCID: PMC4995331 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6014380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Amomum xanthioides has been traditionally used to treat diverse digestive system disorders in the Asian countries. We investigated antihepatofibrotic effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Amomum xanthioides (EFAX). Liver fibrosis is induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) injection (intraperitoneally, 10 mg/kg of DMN for 4 weeks to Sprague-Dawley rats). EFAX (25 or 50 mg/kg), silymarin (50 mg/kg), or distilled water was orally administered every day. The DMN injection drastically altered body and organ mass, serum biochemistry, and platelet count, while EFAX treatment significantly attenuated this alteration. Severe liver fibrosis is determined by trichrome staining and measurement of hydroxyproline contents. EFAX treatment significantly attenuated these symptoms as well as the increase in oxidative by-products of lipid and protein metabolism in liver tissues. DMN induced a dramatic activation of hepatic stellate cells and increases in the levels of protein and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), platelet derived growth factor-beta (PDGF-β), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed increases in the levels of protein and gene expression of α-smooth muscle actin. These alterations were significantly normalized by EFAX treatment. Our findings demonstrate the potent antihepatofibrotic properties of EFAX via modulation of fibrogenic cytokines, especially TGF-β in the liver fibrosis rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Seon Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Jin Im
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yong Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
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