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Long K, Li X, Su D, Zeng S, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Yang W, Li P, Li X, Wang X, Tang Q, Lu L, Jin L, Ma J, Li M. Exploring high-resolution chromatin interaction changes and functional enhancers of myogenic marker genes during myogenic differentiation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102149. [PMID: 35787372 PMCID: PMC9352921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle differentiation (myogenesis) is a complex and highly coordinated biological process regulated by a series of myogenic marker genes. Chromatin interactions between gene's promoters and their enhancers have an important role in transcriptional control. However, the high-resolution chromatin interactions of myogenic genes and their functional enhancers during myogenesis remain largely unclear. Here, we used circularized chromosome conformation capture coupled with next generation sequencing (4C-seq) to investigate eight myogenic marker genes in C2C12 myoblasts (C2C12-MBs) and C2C12 myotubes (C2C12-MTs). We revealed dynamic chromatin interactions of these marker genes during differentiation and identified 163 and 314 significant interaction sites (SISs) in C2C12-MBs and C2C12-MTs, respectively. The interacting genes of SISs in C2C12-MTs were mainly involved in muscle development, and histone modifications of the SISs changed during differentiation. Through functional genomic screening, we also identified 25 and 41 putative active enhancers in C2C12-MBs and C2C12-MTs, respectively. Using luciferase reporter assays for putative enhancers of Myog and Myh3, we identified eight activating enhancers. Furthermore, dCas9-KRAB epigenome editing and RNA-Seq revealed a role for Myog enhancers in the regulation of Myog expression and myogenic differentiation in the native genomic context. Taken together, this study lays the groundwork for understanding 3D chromatin interaction changes of myogenic genes during myogenesis and provides insights that contribute to our understanding of the role of enhancers in regulating myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Long
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Duo Su
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengkuan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biwei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Penghao Li
- Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecology Hospital Co, Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemin Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Jin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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Zhang J, Yao W, Pan Z, Liu H. Long-distance chromatin interaction of IGF1 during embryonic and postnatal development in the liver of Sus scrofa. Funct Integr Genomics 2021; 21:59-72. [PMID: 33404915 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-020-00761-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of chromatin have been the focus of studies aimed at characterizing gene regulation. Among various chromosome conformation capture methods, 4C-seq is a powerful technique to identify genome-wide interactions with a single locus of interest. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a member of the somatotropin axis that plays a significant role in cell proliferation and growth. Determining the IGF1-involved genome-wide chromatin interaction profile at different growth stages not only is important for understanding IGF1 transcriptional regulation but also provides a representation of genome-wide chromatin transformation during development. Using the IGF1 promoter as a "bait", we identified genome-wide interactomes of embryonic (E70) and postnatal (P1 and P70) pig liver cells by 4C-seq. The IGF1 promoter interactomes varied significantly among the three developmental stages. The most active chromatin interaction was observed in the P1 stage, while the highest interaction variability was observed in the P70 stage. The identified 4C sites were enriched around transcription start sites, CpG sites and functional pig QTLs. In addition, the genes located in the interacting regions and the involved pathways were also analysed. Overall, our work reveals a distinct long-distance regulatory pattern in pig liver during development for the first time, and the identified interacting sites and genes may serve as candidate targets in further transcriptional mechanism studies and effective molecular markers for functional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
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Su G, Guo D, Chen J, Liu M, Zheng J, Wang W, Zhao X, Yin Q, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Shi J, Lu W. A distal enhancer maintaining Hoxa1 expression orchestrates retinoic acid-induced early ESCs differentiation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:6737-6752. [PMID: 31147716 PMCID: PMC6649716 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) induces rapid differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), partly by activating expression of the transcription factor Hoxa1, which regulates downstream target genes that promote ESCs differentiation. However, mechanisms of RA-induced Hoxa1 expression and ESCs early differentiation remain largely unknown. Here, we identify a distal enhancer interacting with the Hoxa1 locus through a long-range chromatin loop. Enhancer deletion significantly inhibited expression of RA-induced Hoxa1 and endoderm master control genes such as Gata4 and Gata6. Transcriptome analysis revealed that RA-induced early ESCs differentiation was blocked in Hoxa1 enhancer knockout cells, suggesting a requirement for the enhancer. Restoration of Hoxa1 expression partly rescued expression levels of ∼40% of genes whose expression changed following enhancer deletion, and ∼18% of promoters of those rescued genes were directly bound by Hoxa1. Our data show that a distal enhancer maintains Hoxa1 expression through long-range chromatin loop and that Hoxa1 directly regulates downstream target genes expression and then orchestrates RA-induced early differentiation of ESCs. This discovery reveals mechanisms of a novel enhancer regulating RA-induced Hoxa genes expression and early ESCs differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Dianhao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Man Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Qingqing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongfang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Jiandang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Wange Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Mohanty V, Shah A, Allender E, Siddiqui MR, Monick S, Ichi S, Mania-Farnell B, G McLone D, Tomita T, Mayanil CS. Folate Receptor Alpha Upregulates Oct4, Sox2 and Klf4 and Downregulates miR-138 and miR-let-7 in Cranial Neural Crest Cells. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2721-2732. [PMID: 27300003 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal folic acid (FA) supplementation prevents neural tube defects. Folate receptor alpha (FRα) is critical for embryonic development, including neural crest (NC) development. Previously we showed that FRα translocates to the nucleus in response to FA, where it acts as a transcription factor. In this study, we examined if FA through interaction with FRα regulates stem cell characteristics of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs)-critical for normal development. We hypothesized that FRα upregulates coding genes and simultaneously downregulates non-coding miRNA which targets coding genes in CNCCs. Quantitative RT-PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that FRα upregulates Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 by binding to their cis-regulator elements-5' enhancer/promoters defined by H3K27Ac and p300 occupancy. FA via FRα downregulates miRNAs, miR-138 and miR-let-7, which target Oct4 and Trim71 (an Oct4 downstream effector), respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation data suggests that FRα interacts with the Drosha-DGCR8 complex to affect pre-miRNA processing. Transfecting anti-miR-138 or anti-miR-let-7 into non-proliferating neural crest cells (NCCs) derived from Splotch (Sp-/- ), restored their proliferation potential. In summary, these results suggest a novel pleiotropic role of FRα: (a) direct activation of Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 genes; and (b) repression of biogenesis of miRNAs that target these genes or their effector molecules. Stem Cells 2016;34:2721-2732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Mohanty
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amar Shah
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elise Allender
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Rizwan Siddiqui
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Monick
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shunsuke Ichi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - David G McLone
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tadanori Tomita
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chandra Shekhar Mayanil
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Cai M, Kim S, Wang K, Farnham PJ, Coetzee GA, Lu W. 4C-seq revealed long-range interactions of a functional enhancer at the 8q24 prostate cancer risk locus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22462. [PMID: 26934861 PMCID: PMC4776156 DOI: 10.1038/srep22462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >100 independent susceptibility loci for prostate cancer, including the hot spot at 8q24. However, how genetic variants at this locus confer disease risk hasn’t been fully characterized. Using circularized chromosome conformation capture (4C) coupled with next-generation sequencing and an enhancer at 8q24 as “bait”, we identified genome-wide partners interacting with this enhancer in cell lines LNCaP and C4-2B. These 4C-identified regions are distributed in open nuclear compartments, featuring active histone marks (H3K4me1, H3K4me2 and H3K27Ac). Transcription factors NKX3-1, FOXA1 and AR (androgen receptor) tend to occupy these 4C regions. We identified genes located at the interacting regions, and found them linked to positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation in LNCaP and C4-2B, and several pathways (TGF beta signaling pathway in LNCaP and p53 pathway in C4-2B). Common genes (e.g. MYC and POU5F1B) were identified in both prostate cancer cell lines. However, each cell line also had exclusive genes (e.g. ELAC2 and PTEN in LNCaP and BRCA2 and ZFHX3 in C4-2B). In addition, BCL-2 identified in C4-2B might contribute to the progression of androgen-refractory prostate cancer. Overall, our work reveals key genes and pathways involved in prostate cancer onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Cai
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sewoon Kim
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Peggy J Farnham
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Gerhard A Coetzee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Wange Lu
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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