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Du Y, Chen Z, Hussain MI, Yan P, Zhang C, Fan Y, Kang L, Wang R, Zhang J, Ren X, Ge C. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and biodistribution of mesoporous carbon nanotubes (pristine/-OH/-COOH) to HepG2 cells in vitro and healthy mice in vivo. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:895-912. [PMID: 36704847 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2170836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous carbon nanotubes (mCNTs) hold great promise interests, owing to their superior nano-platform properties for biomedicine. To fully utilize this potential, the toxicity and biodistribution of pristine and surface-modified mCNTs (-OH/-COOH) should preferentially be addressed. The results of cell viability suggested that pristine mCNTs induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. As evidence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), pristine mCNTs induced noticeable redox imbalance. 99mTc tracing data suggested that the cellular uptake of pristine mCNTs posed a concentrate-dependent and energy-dependent manner via macropinocytotic and clathrin-dependent pathways, and the main accumulated organs were lung, liver and spleen. With OH modification, the ROS generation, MDA deposition and SOD consumption were evidently reduced compared with the pristine mCNTs at 24/48 h high-dose exposure. With COOH modification, the modified mCNTs only showed a significant difference in SOD consumption at 24/48 h exposure, but there was no significant difference in the measurement of ROS and MDA. The internalization mechanism and organ distribution of modified mCNTs were basically invariant. Together, our study provides evidence that mCNTs and the modified mCNTs all could induce oxidative damage and thereby impair cells. 99mTc-mCNTs can effectively trace the distribution of nanotubes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Du
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipei Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy and New Energy System Materials, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - M Irfan Hussain
- Institute of Nuclear Energy and New Energy System Materials, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Ren
- Institute of Nuclear Energy and New Energy System Materials, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Changchun Ge
- Institute of Nuclear Energy and New Energy System Materials, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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Jiang H, Zhang H, Chen L, Hu Y, Li C. Nanospace-Confinement Synthesis: Designing High-Energy Anode Materials toward Ultrastable Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002351. [PMID: 32608196 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting high-capacity and durable electrode materials is pivotal to developing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and their applications. Multiscaled nanomaterials have been demonstrated to efficiently couple the advantages of each component on different scales in energy storage fields. However, the precise control of the microstructure remains a great challenge for maximizing their contributions. Nanospace-confined synthesis provides a proactive strategy to build novel multiscaled nanomaterials with controllable internal void space for circumventing the intrinsic volume effects in the charge/discharge process. Herein, the rational design and synthesis of multiscaled high-capacity anode materials are mainly summarized according to their electrochemical mechanisms by choosing 1D channel, 2D interlayer, and 3D space as representative confinement reaction environments. The structure-performance relationships are clarified with the assistance of quantitative calculations, molecular simulations, and so forth. Finally, future potentials and challenges of such a synthesis tactic in designing high-performance electrode materials for next-generation secondary batteries are outlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multiscale Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Haoxuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multiscale Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multiscale Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yanjie Hu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multiscale Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chunzhong Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multiscale Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Wang Y, Rao S, Mao P, Zhang F, Xiao P, Peng L, Zhu Q. Controlled synthesis of Fe3O4@C@manganese oxides (MnO2, Mn3O4 and MnO) hierarchical hollow nanospheres and their superior lithium storage properties. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang C, Han Q, Xie R, Wang B, He T, Xie W, Tang Q, Li Y, Xu J, Yu B. Fabrication of petal-like Ni3S2 nanosheets on 3D carbon nanotube foams as high-performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co as highly active heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochlorides. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15820. [PMID: 31676773 PMCID: PMC6825146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co was prepared as a Fenton-like catalyst to degrade the tetracycline hydrochlorides (TC). The nanocasting strategy with KIT-6 as a hard template was carried out to synthesize the mesoporous bimetallic catalyst. The mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The results showed that the catalyst has significant nanofeatures; the surface area, pore size, and particle size were 113.8 m2g−1, 4 nm, and 10 nm, respectively. In addition, the effects of the operating parameters, such as the iron-to-cobalt ratio, pH, H2O2, and initial TC concentrations on its catalytic performance were investigated. The best operating parameters were as follows: iron-to-cobalt ratio = 2:1 to 1:1, pH = 5–9, H2O2: 30 mmol, initial TC less than 30 mg/L. Furthermore, the mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co showed a good performance for degrading TC, achieving a removal rate of 86% of TC after 3 h under the reaction conditions of H2O2 = 30 mmol, mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co = 0.6 g/L, TC = 30 mg/L, pH = 7.0, and temperature = 25.5 °C. The mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co catalyst shows good stability and reusability. This work demonstrated that mesoporous bimetallic Fe/Co has excellent catalytic efficiency, smaller amounts of leached ions, and wider pH range, which enhance its potential applications.
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Carbon Nanomaterials in Renewable Energy Production and Storage Applications. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-04474-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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An H, Karas D, Kim BW, Trabia S, Moon J. Flexible n-type thermoelectric composite films with enhanced performance through interface engineering and post-treatment. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:275403. [PMID: 29741158 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aabeb6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flexible thermoelectric (TE) materials, which are devices that convert thermal gradients to electrical energy, have attracted interest for practical energy-harvesting/recovery applications. However, as compared with p-type materials, the progress on the development of n-type TE flexible materials has been slow due to difficulties involved in n-type doping techniques. This study used high mobility carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to a uniformly mixed hybrid-composite, resulting in an enhanced power factor by increasing electrical conductivity. The energy filtering effect and stoichiometric composition of the material used, bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) correlated to a significant enhancement in TE performance, with a power factor of 225.9 μW m-1K-2 at room temperature: a factor of 65 higher than as-fabricated composite film. This paper describes a simplified synthesis for the preparation of the composite film that eliminates time-intensive and cost-prohibitive processing, traditionally seen during extrusion and dicing inorganic manufacturing. The resulting post-annealed composite film consisting of Bi2Te3 nanowire and CNTs demonstrate a promising candidate for material that can be used for an n-type TE device that has improved energy conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeunhwan An
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy Las Vegas, NV 89154, United States of America
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Pandit B, Karade SS, Sankapal BR. Hexagonal VS 2 Anchored MWCNTs: First Approach to Design Flexible Solid-State Symmetric Supercapacitor Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44880-44891. [PMID: 29200257 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) embedded with a carbon network are gaining much attention because of their high power capability, which can be easily integrated to portable electronic devices. Facile chemical route has been explored to synthesize hexagonal structured VS2 nanoparticles onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) matrix. Such surface-modified VS2/MWCNTs electrode has boosted the electrochemical performance to reach high capacitance to 830 F/g and excellent stability to 95.9% over 10 000 cycles. Designed flexible solid-state symmetric supercapacitor device (FSSD) with a wide voltage window of 1.6 V exhibited maximum gain in specific capacitance value of 182 F/g at scan rate of 2 mV/s along with specific energy of 42 Wh/kg and a superb stability of 93.2% over 5000 cycles. As a practical approach, FSSD has lightened up "VNIT" panel consisting of 21 red LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan Pandit
- Nano Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology , South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swapnil S Karade
- Nano Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology , South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, Maharashtra, India
| | - Babasaheb R Sankapal
- Nano Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology , South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, Maharashtra, India
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Joshi B, Samuel E, Jo HS, Kim YI, Park S, Swihart MT, Yoon WY, Yoon SS. Carbon Nanofibers Loaded with Carbon Nanotubes and Iron Oxide as Flexible Freestanding Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhou S, Yang R, Zou Q, Zhang K, Yin T, Zhao W, Shapter JG, Gao G, Fu Q. Fabrication of Tissue-Engineered Bionic Urethra Using Cell Sheet Technology and Labeling By Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide for Full-Thickness Urethral Reconstruction. Theranostics 2017; 7:2509-2523. [PMID: 28744331 PMCID: PMC5525753 DOI: 10.7150/thno.18833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Urethral strictures remain a reconstructive challenge, due to less than satisfactory outcomes and high incidence of stricture recurrence. An “ideal” urethral reconstruction should establish similar architecture and function as the original urethral wall. We fabricated a novel tissue-engineered bionic urethras using cell sheet technology and report their viability in a canine model. Small amounts of oral and adipose tissues were harvested, and adipose-derived stem cells, oral mucosal epithelial cells, and oral mucosal fibroblasts were isolated and used to prepare cell sheets. The cell sheets were hierarchically tubularized to form 3-layer tissue-engineered urethras and labeled by ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO). The constructed tissue-engineered urethras were transplanted subcutaneously for 3 weeks to promote the revascularization and biomechanical strength of the implant. Then, 2 cm length of the tubularized penile urethra was replaced by tissue-engineered bionic urethra. At 3 months of urethral replacement, USPIO-labeled tissue-engineered bionic urethra can be effectively detected by MRI at the transplant site. Histologically, the retrieved bionic urethras still displayed 3 layers, including an epithelial layer, a fibrous layer, and a myoblast layer. Three weeks after subcutaneous transplantation, immunofluorescence analysis showed the density of blood vessels in bionic urethra was significantly increased following the initial establishment of the constructs and was further up-regulated at 3 months after urethral replacement and was close to normal level in urethral tissue. Our study is the first to experimentally demonstrate 3-layer tissue-engineered urethras can be established using cell sheet technology and can promote the regeneration of structural and functional urethras similar to normal urethra.
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Labeling adipose derived stem cell sheet by ultrasmall super-paramagnetic Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles and magnetic resonance tracking in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42793. [PMID: 28220818 PMCID: PMC5318892 DOI: 10.1038/srep42793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell sheet therapy has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for reparation and reconstruction of damaged tissues and organs. However, an effective means to assess the fate and distribution of transplanted cell sheets in a serial and noninvasive manner is still lacking. To investigate the feasibility of tracking Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) sheet in vivo using ultrasmall super-paramagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (USPIO), canine ADSCs were cultured and incubated with USPIO and 0.75 μg/ml Poly-L-Lysine (PLL) for 12 h. Labeling efficiency, cell viability, apoptotic cell rate were assessed to screen the optimum concentrations of USPIO for best labeling ADSCs. The results showed ADSCs were labeled by USPIO at an iron dose of 50 μg/ml for a 12 h incubation time, which can most efficiently mark cells and did not impair the cell survival, self-renewal, and proliferation capacity. USPIO-labeled ADSCs sheets can be easily and clearly detected in vivo and have persisted for at least 12 weeks. Our experiment confirmed USPIO was feasible for in vivo labeling of the ADSCs sheets with the optimal concentration of 50 μg Fe/ml and the tracing time is no less than 12 weeks.
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Lee JG, Joshi BN, Lee JH, Kim TG, Kim DY, Al-Deyab SS, Seong IW, Swihart MT, Yoon WY, Yoon SS. Stable High-Capacity Lithium Ion Battery Anodes Produced by Supersonic Spray Deposition of Hematite Nanoparticles and Self-Healing Reduced Graphene Oxide. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yang Y, Li J, Chen D, Zhao J. A Facile Electrophoretic Deposition Route to the Fe 3O 4/CNTs/rGO Composite Electrode as a Binder-Free Anode for Lithium Ion Battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:26730-26739. [PMID: 27622860 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fe3O4 is regarded as an attractive anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity, natural abundance, and low cost. However, the poor cyclic performance resulting from the low conductivity and huge volume change during cycling impedes its application. Here we have developed a facile electrophoretic deposition route to fabricate the Fe3O4/CNTs (carbon nanotubes)/rGO (reduced graphene oxide) composite electrode, simultaneously achieving material synthesis and electrode assembling. Even without binders, the adhesion and mechanical firmness of the electrode are strong enough to be used for LIB anode. In this specific structure, Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) interconnected by CNTs are sandwiched by rGO layers to form a robust network with good conductivity. The resulting Fe3O4/CNTs/rGO composite electrode exhibits much improved electrochemical performance (high reversible capacity of 540 mAh g-1 at a very high current density of 10 A g-1, and a remarkable capacity of 1080 mAh g-1 can be maintained after 450 cycles at 1 A g-1) compared with that of commercial Fe3O4 NPs electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dingqiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinbao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
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Suryawanshi A, Aravindan V, Madhavi S, Ogale S. Red Mud and Li-Ion Batteries: A Magnetic Connection. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2193-2200. [PMID: 27403736 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Exceptional Li-ion battery performance is presented with the oxide component of the anode was extracted from red mud by simple magnetic separation and applied directly without any further processing. The extracted material has γ-Fe2 O3 as the major phase with inter-dispersed phases of Ti, Al, and Si oxides. In a half-cell assembly, the phase displayed a reversible capacity (∼697 mA h g(-1) ) with excellent stability upon cycling. Interestingly, the stability is rendered by the multiphase constitution of the material with the presence of other electrochemically inactive metal oxides, such as Al2 O3 , SiO2 , and Fe2 TiO4 , which could accommodate the strain and facilitate release during the charge-discharge processes in the electrochemically active maghemite component. We fabricated the full-cell assembly with eco-friendly cathode LiMn2 O4 by adjusting the mass loading. Prior to full-cell assembly, an electrochemical pre-lithiation was enforced to overcome the irreversible capacity loss obtained from the anode. The full-cell delivered a capacity of ∼100 mA h g(-1) (based on cathode loading) with capacity retention of ∼61 % after 2000 cycles under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Suryawanshi
- Centre of Excellence in Solar Energy, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science and Education Science (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Vanchiappan Aravindan
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Srinivasan Madhavi
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Satishchandra Ogale
- Centre of Excellence in Solar Energy, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India. , ,
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science and Education Science (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India. , ,
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Zarnegar Z, Safari J. Heterogenization of an imidazolium ionic liquid based on magnetic carbon nanotubes as a novel organocatalyst for the synthesis of 2-amino-chromenes via a microwave-assisted multicomponent strategy. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01631f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The microwave-assisted synthesis of the first ionic liquid stabilized CNTs–Fe3O4as a novel nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 2-amino-chromenesviaa multicomponent reaction is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Zarnegar
- Laboratory of Organic Compound Research
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
| | - Javad Safari
- Laboratory of Organic Compound Research
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
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