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Pandey M, Ahuja R, Kumar R. Hoop compression driven instabilities in spontaneously formed multilayer graphene blisters over a polymeric substrate. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:175301. [PMID: 36584389 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acaf33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The blistering of elastic membranes is prone to elastic-solid as well as substrate-based mechanical instabilities. The solid-based instabilities have been well-explored in the mechanically indented blisters of elastic membranes over the rigid/solid substrates, but an integrated study illustrating the underlying mechanism for the onset of solid as well as substrate-based instabilities in the spontaneous blistering of a 2D material is still lacking in the literature. In this article, an extensive experimental as well as analytical analysis of the spontaneous blister-formation in the multilayer graphene (MLG) flakes over a polymeric substrate is reported, which elucidates the involved mechanism and the governing parameters behind the development of elastic-solid as well as viscoelastic-substrate based instabilities. Herein, a 'blister-collapse model' is proposed, which infers that the suppression of the hoop compression, resulting from the phase-transition of the confined matter, plays a crucial role in the development of the instabilities. The ratio of blister-height to flake-thickness is a direct consequence of the taper-angle of the MLG blister and the thickness-dependent elasticity of the upper-bounding MLG flake, which shows a significant impact on the growth-dynamics of the viscous fingering pattern (viscoelastic-substrate based instability) under the MLG blister.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Pandey
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala-75120, Sweden
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
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Pandey E, Singh BB, Sharangi P, Bedanta S. Strain engineered domain structure and their relaxation in perpendicularly magnetized Co/Pt deposited on flexible polyimide. NANO EXPRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ab90cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhu Y, Wang P, Xiao S, He S, Chen J, Jiang Y, Wang Y, He J, Gao Y. Manipulating three-dimensional bending to extraordinarily stiffen two-dimensional membranes by interference colors. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21782-21789. [PMID: 30431038 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06942e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We have provided a no-touch and inexpensive technique to present the three-dimensional (3D) structure of two-dimensional (2D) films, based on the equal thickness interference fringes. In these experiments, the interference colors were obtained by an optical microscope without contact with the sample, and the 3D structures of curved 2D membranes were reconstructed by MATLAB programs in real time. The theoretical model and experimental results both showed that natural bending can improve the stiffness of 2D materials by more than 10 times. By using micro-droplets as the workbench, the 3D bending orientation and curvature of the 2D material could be manipulated and detected at the same time. The selected 3D curved shapes of cylindrical, ellipsoid and saddle surfaces can increase the bending stiffness over 10 000 times based on theoretical calculation. A saddle-shaped 3D structure (classic crisps shape) is predicted to obtain the maximum bending stiffness. Herein, a simple and practical method to comprehensively detect the basic deformation of 2D membranes is proposed, which should be promoted to explore the out-of-plane mechanical properties of 2D materials under external fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-micro structure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
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Roy A, Mead J, Wang S, Huang H. Effects of surface defects on the mechanical properties of ZnO nanowires. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9547. [PMID: 28842690 PMCID: PMC5573326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The elastic modulus of ZnO nanowires was measured using a resonance method based on laser Doppler effect and their fracture strains were determined via two-point bending with the aid of optical nanomanipulation. The elastic moduli of ZnO nanowires with diameters of 78 to 310 nm vary from 123 to 154 GPa, which are close to the bulk value of 140 GPa and independent of the diameters and surface defects. However, the fracture strains of the ZnO nanowires depend significantly on their diameters, increasing from 2.1% to 6.0% with the decrease in diameter from 316 to 114 nm. Post-mortem TEM analysis of the ends of the fractured nanowires revealed that fracture initiated at surface defects. The Weibull statistical analysis demonstrated that a greater defect depth led to a smaller fracture strain. The surface-defect dominated fracture should be an important consideration for the design and application of nanowire-based nanoelectromechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Roy
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - James Mead
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Shiliang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Han Huang
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Yin X, Li Y, Wu W, Chu G, Luo Y, Meng H. Preparation of Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets by High-Gravity Technology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic
Composites and ‡College of Chemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic
Composites and ‡College of Chemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic
Composites and ‡College of Chemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangwen Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic
Composites and ‡College of Chemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic
Composites and ‡College of Chemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic
Composites and ‡College of Chemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Xie H, Mead J, Wang S, Huang H. The effect of surface texture on the kinetic friction of a nanowire on a substrate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44907. [PMID: 28322351 PMCID: PMC5359617 DOI: 10.1038/srep44907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The friction between Al2O3 nanowires and silicon substrates of different surface textures was characterised by use of optical manipulation. It was found that surface textures had significant effect on both the friction and the effective contact area between a nanowire and a substrate. A genetic algorithm was developed to determine the effective contact area between the nanowire and the textured substrate. The frictional force was found to be nearly proportional to the effective contact area, regardless of width, depth, spacing and orientation of the surface textures. Interlocking caused by textured grooves was not observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Xie
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, QLD4072, Australia
| | - James Mead
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Shiliang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Han Huang
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, QLD4072, Australia
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Zhang J, Yu X, Han W, Lv B, Li X, Xiao S, Gao Y, He J. Broadband spatial self-phase modulation of black phosphorous. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:1704-1707. [PMID: 27082324 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.001704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) experiments on two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) nanoflake suspensions are performed with focused femtosecond pulsed lasers at 350-1160 nm. In the broadband region, the slope of the SSPM ring number versus laser intensity varies from 0.99 to 0.34, which is larger than 0.25 in MoS2. We deduce the portion of the fluid globe (ξ) to be 0.0067, which is a constant independent of laser intensity, when the laser intensity is above 10 W/cm2. The nonlinear refractive index of BP is measured to be ∼10(-5) cm2 W(-1), and the third-order nonlinear susceptibility is χ(3)∼10(-8) esu at multiple wavelengths.
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