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Nazari M, Amini A, Eden NT, Duke MC, Cheng C, Hill MR. Highly-Efficient Sulfonated UiO-66(Zr) Optical Fiber for Rapid Detection of Trace Levels of Pb 2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116053. [PMID: 34205199 PMCID: PMC8200020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead detection for biological environments, aqueous resources, and medicinal compounds, rely mainly on either utilizing bulky lab equipment such as ICP-OES or ready-made sensors, which are based on colorimetry with some limitations including selectivity and low interference. Remote, rapid and efficient detection of heavy metals in aqueous solutions at ppm and sub-ppm levels have faced significant challenges that requires novel compounds with such ability. Here, a UiO-66(Zr) metal-organic framework (MOF) functionalized with SO3H group (SO3H-UiO-66(Zr)) is deposited on the end-face of an optical fiber to detect lead cations (Pb2+) in water at 25.2, 43.5 and 64.0 ppm levels. The SO3H-UiO-66(Zr) system provides a Fabry–Perot sensor by which the lead ions are detected rapidly (milliseconds) at 25.2 ppm aqueous solution reflecting in the wavelength shifts in interference spectrum. The proposed removal mechanism is based on the adsorption of [Pb(OH2)6]2+ in water on SO3H-UiO-66(Zr) due to a strong affinity between functionalized MOF and lead. This is the first work that advances a multi-purpose optical fiber-coated functional MOF as an on-site remote chemical sensor for rapid detection of lead cations at extremely low concentrations in an aqueous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Nazari
- Mathematics and Physics Department, School of Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait;
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Abbas Amini
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait
- Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nathan T. Eden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (N.T.E.); (M.R.H.)
| | - Mikel C. Duke
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Matthew R. Hill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (N.T.E.); (M.R.H.)
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Benhal P, Quashie D, Kim Y, Ali J. Insulator Based Dielectrophoresis: Micro, Nano, and Molecular Scale Biological Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5095. [PMID: 32906803 PMCID: PMC7570478 DOI: 10.3390/s20185095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Insulator based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is becoming increasingly important in emerging biomolecular applications, including particle purification, fractionation, and separation. Compared to conventional electrode-based dielectrophoresis (eDEP) techniques, iDEP has been demonstrated to have a higher degree of selectivity of biological samples while also being less biologically intrusive. Over the past two decades, substantial technological advances have been made, enabling iDEP to be applied from micro, to nano and molecular scales. Soft particles, including cell organelles, viruses, proteins, and nucleic acids, have been manipulated using iDEP, enabling the exploration of subnanometer biological interactions. Recent investigations using this technique have demonstrated a wide range of applications, including biomarker screening, protein folding analysis, and molecular sensing. Here, we review current state-of-art research on iDEP systems and highlight potential future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Benhal
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - David Quashie
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Yoontae Kim
- American Dental Association Science & Research Institute, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
| | - Jamel Ali
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
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Shekhawat GS, Ramachandran S, Jiryaei Sharahi H, Sarkar S, Hujsak K, Li Y, Hagglund K, Kim S, Aden G, Chand A, Dravid VP. Micromachined Chip Scale Thermal Sensor for Thermal Imaging. ACS NANO 2018; 12:1760-1767. [PMID: 29401382 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The lateral resolution of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) has hitherto never approached that of mainstream atomic force microscopy, mainly due to poor performance of the thermal sensor. Herein, we report a nanomechanical system-based thermal sensor (thermocouple) that enables high lateral resolution that is often required in nanoscale thermal characterization in a wide range of applications. This thermocouple-based probe technology delivers excellent lateral resolution (∼20 nm), extended high-temperature measurements >700 °C without cantilever bending, and thermal sensitivity (∼0.04 °C). The origin of significantly improved figures-of-merit lies in the probe design that consists of a hollow silicon tip integrated with a vertically oriented thermocouple sensor at the apex (low thermal mass) which interacts with the sample through a metallic nanowire (50 nm diameter), thereby achieving high lateral resolution. The efficacy of this approach to SThM is demonstrated by imaging embedded metallic nanostructures in silica core-shell, metal nanostructures coated with polymer films, and metal-polymer interconnect structures. The nanoscale pitch and extremely small thermal mass of the probe promise significant improvements over existing methods and wide range of applications in several fields including semiconductor industry, biomedical imaging, and data storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra S Shekhawat
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Srinivasan Ramachandran
- Applied NanoStructures, Inc. , 415 Clyde Ave., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | - Hossein Jiryaei Sharahi
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Souravi Sarkar
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karl Hujsak
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karl Hagglund
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Seonghwan Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gary Aden
- Applied NanoStructures, Inc. , 415 Clyde Ave., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | - Ami Chand
- Applied NanoStructures, Inc. , 415 Clyde Ave., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Ibrahem MA, Verrelli E, Lai KT, Kyriakou G, Lee AF, Isaacs MA, Cheng F, O'Neill M. Dual Wavelength (Ultraviolet and Green) Photodetectors Using Solution Processed Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36971-36979. [PMID: 28950063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-band photoconductivity with a spectral width of 0.16 eV is obtained from solution-processed colloidal ZnO nanocrystals beneath the band-edge at 2.25 eV. A new model involving electron transfer from deep defects to discrete shallow donors is introduced to explain the narrow spectrum and the exponential form of the current rise and decay transients. The defects are tentatively assigned to neutral oxygen vacancies. The photocurrent responsivity can be enhanced by storage in air, and this correlates with the formation of carbonate surface species by capture of carbon dioxide during storage. This controllability is exploited to develop a low-cost and scalable photolithographic approach to pixelate photodetectors for applications such as object discrimination, sensing, etc. The spectral response can be spatially patterned so that dual (ultraviolet and green) and single (ultraviolet only) wavelength detecting ZnO pixels can be produced on the same substrate. This presents a new sensor mode with applications in security or full color imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Ibrahem
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- Laser Physics Branch, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology , Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Emanuele Verrelli
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Khue T Lai
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Kyriakou
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Adam F Lee
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Isaacs
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Fei Cheng
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Mary O'Neill
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
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Nie ZQ, Lin H, Liu XF, Zhai AP, Tian YT, Wang WJ, Li DY, Ding WQ, Zhang XR, Song YL, Jia BH. Three-dimensional super-resolution longitudinal magnetization spot arrays. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2017; 6:e17032. [PMID: 30167282 PMCID: PMC6062314 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2017.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an all-optical strategy for realizing spherical three-dimensional (3D) super-resolution (∼λ3/22) spot arrays of pure longitudinal magnetization by exploiting a 4π optical microscopic setup with two high numerical aperture (NA) objective lenses, which focus and interfere two modulated vectorial beams. Multiple phase filters (MPFs) are designed via an analytical approach derived from the vectorial Debye diffraction theory to modulate the two circularly polarized beams. The system is tailored to constructively interfere the longitudinal magnetization components, while simultaneously destructively interfering the azimuthal ones. As a result, the magnetization field is not only purely longitudinal but also super-resolved in all three dimensions. Furthermore, the MPFs can be designed analytically to control the number and locations of the super-resolved magnetization spots to produce both uniform and nonuniform arrays in a 3D volume. Thus, an all-optical control of all the properties of light-induced magnetization spot arrays has been demonstrated for the first time. These results open up broad applications in magnetic-optical devices such as confocal and multifocal magnetic resonance microscopy, 3D ultrahigh-density magneto-optic memory, and light-induced magneto-lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Quan Nie
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems, Ministry of Education of Shanxi Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Han Lin
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- Department of Science, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
| | - Ai-Ping Zhai
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems, Ministry of Education of Shanxi Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yan-Ting Tian
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems, Ministry of Education of Shanxi Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Wen-Jie Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems, Ministry of Education of Shanxi Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Dong-Yu Li
- Department of Physics, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Ding
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xue-Ru Zhang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ying-Lin Song
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bao-Hua Jia
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems, Ministry of Education of Shanxi Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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