1
|
Madhu M, Ramakrishnan R, Vijay V, Hariharan M. Free Charge Carriers in Homo-Sorted π-Stacks of Donor-Acceptor Conjugates. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8234-8284. [PMID: 34133137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the high photoconversion efficiency observed in natural light-harvesting systems, the hierarchical organization of molecular building blocks has gained impetus in the past few decades. Particularly, the molecular arrangement and packing in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSCs) have garnered significant attention due to the decisive role of the nature of donor/acceptor (D/A) heterojunctions in charge carrier generation and ultimately the power conversion efficiency. This review focuses on the recent developments in emergent optoelectronic properties exhibited by self-sorted donor-on-donor/acceptor-on-acceptor arrangement of covalently linked D-A systems, highlighting the ultrafast excited state dynamics of charge transfer and transport. Segregated organization of donors and acceptors promotes the delocalization of photoinduced charges among the stacks, engendering an enhanced charge separation lifetime and percolation pathways with ambipolar conductivity and charge carrier yield. Covalently linking donors and acceptors ensure a sufficient D-A interface and interchromophoric electronic coupling as required for faster charge separation while providing better control over their supramolecular assemblies. The design strategies to attain D-A conjugate assemblies with optimal charge carrier generation efficiency, the scope of their application compared to state-of-the-art OSCs, current challenges, and future opportunities are discussed in the review. An integrated overview of rational design approaches derived from the comprehension of underlying photoinduced processes can pave the way toward superior optoelectronic devices and bring in new possibilities to the avenue of functional supramolecular architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Madhu
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Vishnu Vijay
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Affiliation(s)
- Zongrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang D, Qiao X, Tao J, Zou Y, Wu H, Zhu D, Li H. Cu-Thienoquinone Charge-Transfer Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Organic Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:26451-26455. [PMID: 30019888 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A facile and unusual reaction between thienoquinone compound QDTBDT2C and copper is reported. The formation of Cu-QDTBDT2C complex is proved by absorption spectra, IR spectra, Raman spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. This complex can serve as a doping layer at the interface of Cu/QDTBDT2C and greatly improve the performance of organic transistors in which the copper electrode is source/drain electrodes and QDTBDT2C is an active layer. The transistors display an electron mobility of 0.95 cm2 V-1 s-1, to our knowledge, the highest electron mobility reported for copper electrode-based n-type transistors and nearly two times higher than that of the Au electrode-based devices. These results demonstrate the potential applications of Cu-QDTBDT2C complex in organic electronics, and the unique properties of QDTBDT2C (spontaneously reacting with copper) provide a new insight into the design of n-type organic semiconductors for copper electrode-based organic transistors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Materials, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS , Shanghai 200032 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaolan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Materials, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Jingwei Tao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Materials, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Ye Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry, CAS , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Hongzhuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Materials, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS , Shanghai 200032 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry, CAS , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Hongxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Materials, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS , Shanghai 200032 , China
| |
Collapse
|