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Ong JLK, Jalaludin NFF, Wong MK, Tan SH, Angelina C, Sukhatme SA, Yeo T, Lim CT, Lee YT, Soh SY, Lim TKH, Tay TKY, Chang KTE, Chen ZX, Loh AH. Exosomal mRNA Cargo are biomarkers of tumor and immune cell populations in pediatric osteosarcoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102008. [PMID: 38852279 PMCID: PMC11220529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the commonest malignant bone tumor of children and adolescents and is characterized by a high risk of recurrence despite multimodal therapy, especially in metastatic disease. This suggests the presence of clinically undetected cancer cells that persist, leading to cancer recurrence. We sought to evaluate the utility of peripheral blood exosomes as a more sensitive yet minimally invasive blood test that could aid in evaluating treatment response and surveillance for potential disease recurrence. We extracted exosomes from the blood of pediatric osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis (n=7) and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n=5 subset), as well as from age-matched cancer-free controls (n=3). We also obtained matched tumor biopsy samples (n=7) from the cases. Exosome isolation was verified by CD9 immunoblot and characterized on electron microscopy. Profiles of 780 cancer-related transcripts were analysed in mRNA from exosomes of osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis and control patients, matched post-chemotherapy samples, and matched primary tumor samples. Peripheral blood exosomes of osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis were significantly smaller than those of controls and overexpressed extracellular matrix protein gene THBS1 and B cell markers MS4A1 and TCL1A. Immunohistochemical staining of corresponding tumor samples verified the expression of THBS1 on tumor cells and osteoid matrix, and its persistence in a treatment-refractory patient, as well as the B cell origin of the latter. These hold potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers of disease burden and host immune response in osteosarcoma. Our findings suggest that exosomes may provide novel and clinically-important insights into the pathophysiology of cancers such as osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meng Kang Wong
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hui Tan
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clara Angelina
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarvesh A Sukhatme
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Trifanny Yeo
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - York Tien Lee
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony K H Lim
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Timothy Kwang Yong Tay
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hp Loh
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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2
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Costa M, Hammarström B, van der Geer L, Tanriverdi S, Joensson HN, Wiklund M, Russom A. EchoGrid: High-Throughput Acoustic Trapping for Enrichment of Environmental Microplastics. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9493-9502. [PMID: 38790145 PMCID: PMC11170556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The health hazards of micro- and nanoplastic contaminants in drinking water has recently emerged as an area of concern to policy makers and industry. Plastic contaminants range in size from micro- (5 mm to 1 μm) to nanoplastics (<1 μm). Microfluidics provides many tools for particle manipulation at the microscale, particularly in diagnostics and biomedicine, but has in general a limited capacity to process large volumes. Drinking water and environmental samples with low-level contamination of microplastics require processing of deciliter to liter sample volumes to achieve statistically relevant particle counts. Here, we introduce the EchoGrid, an acoustofluidics device for high throughput continuous flow particle enrichment into a robust array of particle clusters. The EchoGrid takes advantage of highly efficient particle capture through the integration of a micropatterned transducer for surface displacement-based acoustic trapping in a glass and polymer microchannel. Silica seed particles were used as anchor particles to improve capture performance at low particle concentrations and high flow rates. The device was able to maintain the silica grids at a flow rate of 50 mL/min. In terms of enrichment, the device is able to double the final pellet's microplastic concentration every 78 s for 23 μm particles and every 51 s for 10 μm particles at a flow rate of 5 mL/min. In conclusion, we demonstrate the usefulness of the EchoGrid by capturing microplastics in challenging conditions, such as large sample volumes with low microparticle concentrations, without sacrificing the potential of integration with downstream analysis for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martim Costa
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science
for Life Laboratory, 171
65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Björn Hammarström
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department
of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Liselotte van der Geer
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science
for Life Laboratory, 171
65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Selim Tanriverdi
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science
for Life Laboratory, 171
65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Haakan N. Joensson
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science
for Life Laboratory, 171
65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Martin Wiklund
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department
of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science
for Life Laboratory, 171
65 Solna, Sweden
- AIMES
− Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering
Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Qiao Z, Teng X, Liu A, Yang W. Novel Isolating Approaches to Circulating Tumor Cell Enrichment Based on Microfluidics: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:706. [PMID: 38930676 PMCID: PMC11206030 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), derived from the primary tumor and carrying genetic information, contribute significantly to the process of tumor metastasis. The analysis and detection of CTCs can be used to assess the prognosis and treatment response in patients with tumors, as well as to help study the metastatic mechanisms of tumors and the development of new drugs. Since CTCs are very rare in the blood, it is a challenging problem to enrich CTCs efficiently. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of microfluidics-based enrichment devices for CTCs in recent years. We explore in detail the methods of enrichment based on the physical or biological properties of CTCs; among them, physical properties cover factors such as size, density, and dielectric properties, while biological properties are mainly related to tumor-specific markers on the surface of CTCs. In addition, we provide an in-depth description of the methods for enrichment of single CTCs and illustrate the importance of single CTCs for performing tumor analyses. Future research will focus on aspects such as improving the separation efficiency, reducing costs, and increasing the detection sensitivity and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezheng Qiao
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.Q.); (X.T.)
| | - Xiangyu Teng
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.Q.); (X.T.)
| | - Anqin Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yantai Institute of Technology, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wenguang Yang
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.Q.); (X.T.)
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4
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Li L, Jiang H, Zeng B, Wang X, Bao Y, Chen C, Ma L, Yuan J. Liquid biopsy in lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117757. [PMID: 38184141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide and the primary cause of mortality. The absence of systematic and standardized diagnostic approaches for identifying potential pulmonary nodules, early-stage cancers, and indeterminate tumors has led clinicians to consider tissue biopsy and pathological sections as the preferred method for clinical diagnosis, often regarded as the gold standard. The conventional tissue biopsy is an invasive procedure that does not adequately capture the diverse characteristics and evolving nature of tumors. Recently, the concept of 'liquid biopsy' has gained considerable attention as a promising solution. Liquid biopsy is a non-invasive approach that facilitates repeated analysis, enabling real-time monitoring of tumor recurrence, metastasis, and response to treatment. Currently, liquid biopsy includes circulating tumor cells, circulating cell-free DNA, circulating tumor DNA, circulating cell-free RNA, extracellular vesicles, and other proteins and metabolites. With rapid progress in molecular technology, liquid biopsy has emerged as a highly promising and intriguing approach, yielding compelling results. This article critically examines the significant role and potential clinical implications of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haixia Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bingjie Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xianzhao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yunxia Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Changqiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jin Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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5
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Li G, Ji Y, Wu Y, Liu Y, Li H, Wang Y, Chi M, Sun H, Zhu H. Multistage microfluidic cell sorting method and chip based on size and stiffness. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115451. [PMID: 37327603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High performance sorting of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from peripheral blood is key to liquid biopsies. Size-based deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) technique is widely used in cell sorting. But conventional microcolumns have poor fluid regulation ability, which limits the sorting performance of DLD. When the size difference between CTCs and leukocytes is small (e.g., less than 3 μm), not only DLD, many size-based separation techniques fail due to low specificity. CTCs have been confirmed to be softer than leukocytes, which could serve as a basis for sorting. In this study, we presented a multistage microfluidic CTCs sorting method, first sorting CTCs using a size-based two-array DLD chip, then purifying CTCs mixed by leukocytes using a stiffness-based cone channel chip, and finally identifying cell types using Raman techniques. The entire CTCs sorting and analysis process was label free, highly pure, high-throughput and efficient. The two-array DLD chip employed a droplet-shaped microcolumn (DMC) developed by optimization design rather than empirical design. Attributed to the excellent fluid regulation capability of DMC, the CTCs sorter system developed by parallelizing four DMC two-array DLD chips was able to process a sample of 2.5 mL per minute with a recovery efficiency of 96.30 ± 2.10% and a purity of 98.25 ± 2.48%. To isolate CTCs mixed dimensionally by leukocytes, a cone channel sorting method and chip were developed based on solid and hydrodynamic coupled analysis. The cone channel chip allowed CTCs to pass through the channel and entrap leukocytes, improving the purity of CTCs mixed by leukocytes by 1.8-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolin Li
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yihui Wu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Yongshun Liu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Li
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingbo Chi
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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6
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Li C, Holman JB, Shi Z, Qiu B, Ding W. On-chip modeling of tumor evolution: Advances, challenges and opportunities. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100724. [PMID: 37483380 PMCID: PMC10359640 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor evolution is the accumulation of various tumor cell behaviors from tumorigenesis to tumor metastasis and is regulated by the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the mechanism of solid tumor progression has not been completely elucidated, and thus, the development of tumor therapy is still limited. Recently, Tumor chips constructed by culturing tumor cells and stromal cells on microfluidic chips have demonstrated great potential in modeling solid tumors and visualizing tumor cell behaviors to exploit tumor progression. Herein, we review the methods of developing engineered solid tumors on microfluidic chips in terms of tumor types, cell resources and patterns, the extracellular matrix and the components of the TME, and summarize the recent advances of microfluidic chips in demonstrating tumor cell behaviors, including proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, migration, intravasation, extravasation and immune escape of tumor cells. We also outline the combination of tumor organoids and microfluidic chips to elaborate tumor organoid-on-a-chip platforms, as well as the practical limitations that must be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Joseph Benjamin Holman
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Zhengdi Shi
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
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7
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Shijo S, Tanaka D, Sekiguchi T, Ishihara JI, Takahashi H, Kobayashi M, Shoji S. Dielectrophoresis-Based Selective Droplet Extraction Microfluidic Device for Single-Cell Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:706. [PMID: 36985113 PMCID: PMC10058699 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed a microfluidic device that enables selective droplet extraction from multiple droplet-trapping pockets based on dielectrophoresis. The device consists of a main microchannel, five droplet-trapping pockets with side channels, and drive electrode pairs appropriately located around the trapping pockets. Agarose droplets capable of encapsulating biological samples were successfully trapped in the trapping pockets due to the difference in flow resistance between the main and side channels. Target droplets were selectively extracted from the pockets by the dielectrophoretic force generated between the electrodes under an applied voltage of 500 V. During their extraction from the trapping pockets, the droplets and their contents were exposed to an electric field for 400-800 ms. To evaluate whether the applied voltage could potentially damage the biological samples, the growth rates of Escherichia coli cells in the droplets, with and without a voltage applied, were compared. No significant difference in the growth rate was observed. The developed device enables the screening of encapsulated single cells and the selective extraction of target droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seito Shijo
- Major in Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 145-0065, Japan; (M.K.)
| | - Daiki Tanaka
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Tsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Sekiguchi
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Tsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Ishihara
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 181 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 181 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University, 181 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| | - Masashi Kobayashi
- Major in Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 145-0065, Japan; (M.K.)
| | - Shuichi Shoji
- Major in Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 145-0065, Japan; (M.K.)
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8
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Wu J, Fang H, Zhang J, Yan S. Modular microfluidics for life sciences. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:85. [PMID: 36906553 PMCID: PMC10008080 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancement of microfluidics has enabled numerous discoveries and technologies in life sciences. However, due to the lack of industry standards and configurability, the design and fabrication of microfluidic devices require highly skilled technicians. The diversity of microfluidic devices discourages biologists and chemists from applying this technique in their laboratories. Modular microfluidics, which integrates the standardized microfluidic modules into a whole, complex platform, brings the capability of configurability to conventional microfluidics. The exciting features, including portability, on-site deployability, and high customization motivate us to review the state-of-the-art modular microfluidics and discuss future perspectives. In this review, we first introduce the working mechanisms of the basic microfluidic modules and evaluate their feasibility as modular microfluidic components. Next, we explain the connection approaches among these microfluidic modules, and summarize the advantages of modular microfluidics over integrated microfluidics in biological applications. Finally, we discuss the challenge and future perspectives of modular microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Sheng Yan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Loh AHP, Angelina C, Wong MK, Tan SH, Sukhatme SA, Yeo T, Lim SB, Lee YT, Soh SY, Leung W, Chang KTE, Chua YW, Alkaff SMF, Lim TKH, Lim CT, Chen ZX. Pro-metastatic and mesenchymal gene expression signatures characterize circulating tumor cells of neuroblastoma patients with bone marrow metastases and relapse. Front Oncol 2022; 12:939460. [PMID: 36176417 PMCID: PMC9513238 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing marker-based methods of minimal residual disease (MRD) determination in neuroblastoma do not effectively enrich for the circulating disease cell population. Given the relative size differential of neuroblastoma tumor cells over normal hematogenous cells, we hypothesized that cell size-based separation could enrich circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from bone marrow aspirates (BMA) of neuroblastoma patients, and that their gene expression profiles could vary dynamically with various disease states over the course of treatment. Using a spiral microfluidic chip, peripheral blood of 17 neuroblastoma patients at 3 serial treatment timepoints (diagnosis, n=17; post-chemotherapy, n=11; and relapse, n=3), and bone marrow samples at diagnosis were enriched for large intact circulating cells. Profiling the resulting enriched samples with immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression of 1490 cancer-related genes via NanoString, 13 of 17 samples contained CTCs displaying cytologic atypia, TH and PHOX2B expression and/or upregulation of cancer-associated genes. Gene signatures reflecting pro-metastatic processes and the neuroblastoma mesenchymal super-enhancer state were consistently upregulated in 7 of 13 samples, 6 of which also had metastatic high-risk disease. Expression of 8 genes associated with PI3K and GCPR signaling were significantly upregulated in CTCs of patients with bone marrow metastases versus patients without. Correspondingly, in patients with marrow metastases, differentially-expressed gene signatures reflected upregulation of immune regulation in bone marrow DTCs versus paired CTCs samples. In patients who later developed disease relapse, 5 genes involved in immune cell regulation, JAK/STAT signaling and the neuroblastoma mesenchymal super-enhancer state (OLFML2B, STAT1, ARHGDIB, STAB1, TLR2) were upregulated in serial CTC samples over their disease course, despite urinary catecholamines and bone marrow aspirates not indicating the disease recurrences. In summary, using a label-free cell size-based separation method, we enriched and characterized intact circulating cells in peripheral blood indicative of neuroblastoma CTCs, as well as their DTC counterparts in the bone marrow. Expression profiles of pro-metastatic genes in CTCs correlated with the presence of bone marrow metastases at diagnosis, while longitudinal profiling identified persistently elevated expression of genes in CTCs that may serve as novel predictive markers of hematogenous MRD in neuroblastoma patients that subsequently relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos H. P. Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clara Angelina
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meng Kang Wong
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hui Tan
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarvesh A. Sukhatme
- Mechanobiology Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Trifanny Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - York Tien Lee
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wing Leung
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth T. E. Chang
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Wei Chua
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Syed M. F. Alkaff
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony K. H. Lim
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Zhi Xiong Chen,
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10
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Gaussian kernel based gene selection in a single cell gene decision space. Inf Sci (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2022.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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An Alternative Low-Cost Strategy for Simultaneous Sensitive Detection of Adjacent ESR1 Mutations in Single Circulating Tumor Cell. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-022-00216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Unraveling Cancer Metastatic Cascade Using Microfluidics-based Technologies. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:517-543. [PMID: 35528034 PMCID: PMC9043145 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been a leading cause of death. The primary tumor, however, is not the main cause of death in more than 90% of cases. It is the complex process of metastasis that makes cancer deadly. The invasion metastasis cascade is the multi-step biological process of cancer cell dissemination to distant organ sites and adaptation to the new microenvironment site. Unraveling the metastasis process can provide great insight into cancer death prevention or even treatment. Microfluidics is a promising platform, that provides a wide range of applications in metastasis-related investigations. Cell culture microfluidic technologies for in vitro modeling of cancer tissues with fluid flow and the presence of mechanical factors have led to the organ-on-a-chip platforms. Moreover, microfluidic systems have also been exploited for capturing and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that provide crucial information on the metastatic behavior of a tumor. We present a comprehensive review of the recent developments in the application of microfluidics-based systems for analysis and understanding of the metastasis cascade from a wider perspective.
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13
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Liu Y, Li R, Zhang L, Guo S. Nanomaterial-Based Immunocapture Platforms for the Recognition, Isolation, and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:850241. [PMID: 35360401 PMCID: PMC8964261 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.850241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a type of cancer cells that circulate in the peripheral blood after breaking away from solid tumors and are essential for the establishment of distant metastasis. Up to 90% of cancer-related deaths are caused by metastatic cancer. As a new type of liquid biopsy, detecting and analyzing CTCs will provide insightful information for cancer diagnosis, especially the in-time disease status, which would avoid some flaws and limitations of invasive tissue biopsy. However, due to the extremely low levels of CTCs among a large number of hematologic cells, choosing immunocapture platforms for CTC detection and isolation will achieve good performance with high purity, selectivity, and viability. These properties are directly associated with precise downstream analysis of CTC profiling. Recently, inspired by the nanoscale interactions of cells in the tissue microenvironment, platforms based on nanomaterials have been widely explored to efficiently enrich and sensitively detect CTCs. In this review, various immunocapture platforms based on different nanomaterials for efficient isolation and sensitive detection of CTCs are outlined and discussed. First, the design principles of immunoaffinity nanomaterials are introduced in detail. Second, the immunocapture and release of platforms based on nanomaterials ranging from nanoparticles, nanostructured substrates, and immunoaffinity microfluidic chips are summarized. Third, recent advances in single-cell release and analysis of CTCs are introduced. Finally, some perspectives and challenges are provided in future trends of CTC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Liu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lingling Zhang, ; Shishang Guo,
| | - Shishang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lingling Zhang, ; Shishang Guo,
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14
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Suwardi A, Wang F, Xue K, Han MY, Teo P, Wang P, Wang S, Liu Y, Ye E, Li Z, Loh XJ. Machine Learning-Driven Biomaterials Evolution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102703. [PMID: 34617632 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials is an exciting and dynamic field, which uses a collection of diverse materials to achieve desired biological responses. While there is constant evolution and innovation in materials with time, biomaterials research has been hampered by the relatively long development period required. In recent years, driven by the need to accelerate materials development, the applications of machine learning in materials science has progressed in leaps and bounds. The combination of machine learning with high-throughput theoretical predictions and high-throughput experiments (HTE) has shifted the traditional Edisonian (trial and error) paradigm to a data-driven paradigm. In this review, each type of biomaterial and their key properties and use cases are systematically discussed, followed by how machine learning can be applied in the development and design process. The discussions are classified according to various types of materials used including polymers, metals, ceramics, and nanomaterials, and implants using additive manufacturing. Last, the current gaps and potential of machine learning to further aid biomaterials discovery and application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ady Suwardi
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - FuKe Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Kun Xue
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Ming-Yong Han
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Peili Teo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Pei Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Shijie Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Ye Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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15
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He CK, Hsu CH. Microfluidic technology for multiple single-cell capture. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2021; 15:061501. [PMID: 34777676 PMCID: PMC8577867 DOI: 10.1063/5.0057685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are widely used in single-cell capture and for pairing single cells or groups of cells for cell-cell interaction analysis; these advances have improved drug screening and cell signal transduction analysis. The complex in vivo environment involves interactions between two cells and among multiple cells of the same or different phenotypes. This study reviewed the core principles and performance of several microfluidic multiple- and single-cell capture methods, namely, the microwell, valve, trap, and droplet methods. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods were compared, and suggestions regarding their application to multiple-cell capture were provided. The results may serve as a reference for research on microfluidic multiple single-cell coculture technology.
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16
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Beasley AB, Isaacs TW, Vermeulen T, Freeman J, DeSousa JL, Bhikoo R, Hennessy D, Reid A, Chen FK, Bentel J, McKay D, Conway RM, Pereira MR, Mirzai B, Calapre L, Erber WN, Ziman MR, Gray ES. Analysis of Circulating Tumour Cells in Early-Stage Uveal Melanoma: Evaluation of Tumour Marker Expression to Increase Capture. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5990. [PMID: 34885099 PMCID: PMC8657240 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The stratification of uveal melanoma (UM) patients into prognostic groups is critical for patient management and for directing patients towards clinical trials. Current classification is based on clinicopathological and molecular features of the tumour. Analysis of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) has been proposed as a tool to avoid invasive biopsy of the primary tumour. However, the clinical utility of such liquid biopsy depends on the detection rate of CTCs. (2) Methods: The expression of melanoma, melanocyte, and stem cell markers was tested in a primary tissue microarray (TMA) and UM cell lines. Markers found to be highly expressed in primary UM were used to either immunomagnetically isolate or immunostain UM CTCs prior to treatment of the primary lesion. (3) Results: TMA and cell lines had heterogeneous expression of common melanoma, melanocyte, and stem cell markers. A multi-marker panel of immunomagnetic beads enabled isolation of CTCs in 37/43 (86%) patients with UM. Detection of three or more CTCs using the multi-marker panel, but not MCSP alone, was a significant predictor of shorter progression free (p = 0.040) and overall (p = 0.022) survival. (4) Conclusions: The multi-marker immunomagnetic isolation protocol enabled the detection of CTCs in most primary UM patients. Overall, our results suggest that a multi-marker approach could be a powerful tool for CTC separation for non-invasive prognostication of UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B. Beasley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Timothy W. Isaacs
- Perth Retina, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia;
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (J.-L.D.); (R.B.); (F.K.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Tersia Vermeulen
- Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; (T.V.); (J.B.)
- Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - James Freeman
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
| | - Jean-Louis DeSousa
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (J.-L.D.); (R.B.); (F.K.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Riyaz Bhikoo
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (J.-L.D.); (R.B.); (F.K.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Doireann Hennessy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Anna Reid
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Fred K. Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (J.-L.D.); (R.B.); (F.K.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Jacqueline Bentel
- Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; (T.V.); (J.B.)
| | - Daniel McKay
- Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - R. Max Conway
- Ocular Oncology Unit, Sydney Eye Hospital and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Michelle R. Pereira
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
| | - Bob Mirzai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (B.M.); (W.N.E.)
| | - Leslie Calapre
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Wendy N. Erber
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (B.M.); (W.N.E.)
| | - Melanie R. Ziman
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia; (B.M.); (W.N.E.)
| | - Elin S. Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (A.B.B.); (J.F.); (A.R.); (M.R.P.); (L.C.); (M.R.Z.)
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
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17
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Zhu Z, Li F, Wang X, Li C, Meng Q, Wang C, Huang J, Chen S, Wu X. Correlation of transrenal DNA with non-small-cell lung cancer in noninvasive disease monitoring. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1553-1562. [PMID: 34651512 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The study aims to use noninvasive transrenal DNA in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients for treatment monitoring and prognosis. Methods: Urine specimens were collected longitudinally for 103 late-stage NSCLC patients. Detection of targetable mutations in transrenal DNA was achieved by digital droplet PCR. Patients' overall survival outcomes were correlated with levels of transrenal DNA. Results: Corresponding patients' matched tumor results demonstrated concordance rate of 95.6% with transrenal DNA. A significant decline in levels was observed after treatment initiation. We observed changes in transrenal DNA levels to be significantly associated with survival for patients (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated strong predictive values of transrenal DNA to better identify patients with poorer survival outcomes and may further complement disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fajiu Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomu Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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18
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Xue K, Wang F, Suwardi A, Han MY, Teo P, Wang P, Wang S, Ye E, Li Z, Loh XJ. Biomaterials by design: Harnessing data for future development. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100165. [PMID: 34877520 PMCID: PMC8628044 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials is an interdisciplinary field of research to achieve desired biological responses from new materials, regardless of material type. There have been many exciting innovations in this discipline, but commercialization suffers from a lengthy discovery to product pipeline, with many failures along the way. Success can be greatly accelerated by harnessing machine learning techniques to comb through large amounts of data. There are many potential benefits of moving from an unstructured empirical approach to a development strategy that is entrenched in data. Here, we discuss the recent work on the use of machine learning in the discovery and design of biomaterials, including new polymeric, metallic, ceramics, and nanomaterials, and how machine learning can interface with emerging use cases of 3D printing. We discuss the steps for closer integration of machine learning to make this exciting possibility a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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19
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Kong SL, Liu X, Tan SJ, Tai JA, Phua LY, Poh HM, Yeo T, Chua YW, Haw YX, Ling WH, Ng RCH, Tan TJ, Loh KWJ, Tan DSW, Ng QS, Ang MK, Toh CK, Lee YF, Lim CT, Lim TKH, Hillmer AM, Yap YS, Lim WT. Complementary Sequential Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) and Cell-Free Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Profiling Reveals Metastatic Heterogeneity and Genomic Changes in Lung Cancer and Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:698551. [PMID: 34336686 PMCID: PMC8322849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.698551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) are tumor components present in circulation. Due to the limited access to both CTC enrichment platforms and ctDNA sequencing in most laboratories, they are rarely analyzed together. Methods Concurrent isolation of ctDNA and single CTCs were isolated from lung cancer and breast cancer patients using the combination of size-based and CD45-negative selection method via DropCell platform. We performed targeted amplicon sequencing to evaluate the genomic heterogeneity of CTCs and ctDNA in lung cancer and breast cancer patients. Results Higher degrees of genomic heterogeneity were observed in CTCs as compared to ctDNA. Several shared alterations present in CTCs and ctDNA were undetected in the primary tumor, highlighting the intra-tumoral heterogeneity of tumor components that were shed into systemic circulation. Accordingly, CTCs and ctDNA displayed higher degree of concordance with the metastatic tumor than the primary tumor. The alterations detected in circulation correlated with worse survival outcome for both lung and breast cancer patients emphasizing the impact of the metastatic phenotype. Notably, evolving genetic signatures were detected in the CTCs and ctDNA samples during the course of treatment and disease progression. Conclusions A standardized sample processing and data analysis workflow for concurrent analysis of CTCs and ctDNA successfully dissected the heterogeneity of metastatic tumor in circulation as well as the progressive genomic changes that may potentially guide the selection of appropriate therapy against evolving tumor clonality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Say Li Kong
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xingliang Liu
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Swee Jin Tan
- Clearbridge mFluidics Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joyce A Tai
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ler Yee Phua
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huay Mei Poh
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Trifanny Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Wei Chua
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Xuan Haw
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Huan Ling
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raymond Chee Hui Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tira J Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiley Wei Jen Loh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Quan Sing Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Kim Ang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Keong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Axel M Hillmer
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yoon Sim Yap
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,IMCB-NCCS-MP Singapore OncoGenome Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Lu J, Dai B, Wang K, Long Y, Yang Z, Chen J, Huang S, Zheng L, Fu Y, Wan W, Zhuang S, Guan Y, Zhang D. High-Throughput Cell Trapping in the Dentate Spiral Microfluidic Channel. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12030288. [PMID: 33803303 PMCID: PMC8000121 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell trapping is a very useful technique in a variety of cell-based assays and cellular research fields. It requires a high-throughput, high-efficiency operation to isolate cells of interest and immobilize the captured cells at specific positions. In this study, a dentate spiral microfluidic structure is proposed for cell trapping. The structure consists of a main spiral channel connecting an inlet and an out and a large number of dentate traps on the side of the channel. The density of the traps is high. When a cell comes across an empty trap, the cell suddenly makes a turn and enters the trap. Once the trap captures enough cells, the trap becomes closed and the following cells pass by the trap. The microfluidic structure is optimized based on the investigation of the influence over the flow. In the demonstration, 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells injected into the chip can be efficiently captured and isolated in the different traps. The cell trapping operates at a very high flow rate (40 μL/s) and a high trapping efficiency (>90%) can be achieved. The proposed high-throughput cell-trapping technique can be adopted in the many applications, including rapid microfluidic cell-based assays and isolation of rare circulating tumor cells from a large volume of blood sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Bo Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Rd, Shanghai 200127, China; (K.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Yan Long
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zhuoqing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, School of Electronics Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Junyi Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shaoqi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yongfeng Fu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Wenbin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Rd, Shanghai 200127, China; (K.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Rd, Shanghai 200127, China; (K.W.); (W.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (D.Z.)
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (J.L.); (B.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (S.H.); (L.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (D.Z.)
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21
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Belotti Y, Lim CT. Microfluidics for Liquid Biopsies: Recent Advances, Current Challenges, and Future Directions. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4727-4738. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Belotti
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583 Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore
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22
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Kalyan S, Torabi C, Khoo H, Sung HW, Choi SE, Wang W, Treutler B, Kim D, Hur SC. Inertial Microfluidics Enabling Clinical Research. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:257. [PMID: 33802356 PMCID: PMC7999476 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fast and accurate interrogation of complex samples containing diseased cells or pathogens is important to make informed decisions on clinical and public health issues. Inertial microfluidics has been increasingly employed for such investigations to isolate target bioparticles from liquid samples with size and/or deformability-based manipulation. This phenomenon is especially useful for the clinic, owing to its rapid, label-free nature of target enrichment that enables further downstream assays. Inertial microfluidics leverages the principle of inertial focusing, which relies on the balance of inertial and viscous forces on particles to align them into size-dependent laminar streamlines. Several distinct microfluidic channel geometries (e.g., straight, curved, spiral, contraction-expansion array) have been optimized to achieve inertial focusing for a variety of purposes, including particle purification and enrichment, solution exchange, and particle alignment for on-chip assays. In this review, we will discuss how inertial microfluidics technology has contributed to improving accuracy of various assays to provide clinically relevant information. This comprehensive review expands upon studies examining both endogenous and exogenous targets from real-world samples, highlights notable hybrid devices with dual functions, and comments on the evolving outlook of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivathsan Kalyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.K.); (C.T.); (H.K.); (S.-E.C.)
| | - Corinna Torabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.K.); (C.T.); (H.K.); (S.-E.C.)
| | - Harrison Khoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.K.); (C.T.); (H.K.); (S.-E.C.)
| | - Hyun Woo Sung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;
| | - Sung-Eun Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.K.); (C.T.); (H.K.); (S.-E.C.)
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (W.W.); (B.T.)
| | - Benjamin Treutler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (W.W.); (B.T.)
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin-si 17508, Korea
| | - Soojung Claire Hur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.K.); (C.T.); (H.K.); (S.-E.C.)
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, 401 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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23
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Zhou J, Tu C, Liang Y, Huang B, Fang Y, Liang X, Ye X. The label-free separation and culture of tumor cells in a microfluidic biochip. Analyst 2020; 145:1706-1715. [PMID: 31895371 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02092f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from liquid biopsy have shown a strong correlation to the clinical outcome of cancer patients. The enumeration and cytological analysis of CTCs have attracted increasing efforts for cancer disease management amid immunotherapy and personalized medicine. However, both enumeration and cytological analysis are challenging due to the rarity of CTCs and the lack of integrated solutions for the minimal risk of cell loss in the course of CTC procurement. We report a simple microfluidic chip permitting a one-stop solution for streamlining the on-chip cell separation, capture, immunofluorescence assay and/or in situ culture of isolated cells devoid of risky manual steps. Our results showed effective trapping of single cells, doublets and cell lumps isolated from blood in the same device. On-chip immunostaining revealed normal cell morphology and the characterization of cell expansion uncovered an altered cell growth curve with a reduced lag phase as compared to the conventional culture despite closely matching cell growth rates. The cells were viable and functional for as long as 11 days inside our chip and cell migration was also readily observed, with lumps showing greater aggressiveness than single cells. With these results, we expect promising applications of our one-stop solution for liquid biopsy via CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China and Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Chunlong Tu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yitao Liang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bobo Huang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yifeng Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xuesong Ye
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of BME of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China and State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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24
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Pelle M, Das AAK, Madden LA, Paunov VN. Bioimprint Mediated Label-Free Isolation of Pancreatic Tumor Cells from a Healthy Peripheral Blood Cell Population. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2020; 4:e2000054. [PMID: 33016004 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
New techniques are required for earlier diagnosis and response to treatment of pancreatic cancer. Here, a label-free approach is reported in which circulating pancreatic tumor cells are isolated from healthy peripheral blood cells via cell bioimprinting technology. The method involves pre-fabrication of pancreatic cell layers and sequential casting of cell surfaces with a series of custom-made resins to produce negative cell imprints. The imprint is functionalized with a combination of polymers to engineer weak attraction to the cells which is further amplified by the increased area of contact with the matching cells. A flow-through bioimprint chip is designed and tested for selectivity toward two pancreatic tumor cell lines, ASPC-1 and Mia-PaCa-2. Healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are spiked with pancreatic tumor cells at various concentrations. Bioimprints are designed for preferential retention of the matching pancreatic tumor cells and with respect to PBMCs. Tumor bioimprints are capable of capturing and concentrating pancreatic tumor cells from a mixed cell population with increased retention observed with the number of seedings. ASPC-1 bioimprints preferentially retain both types of pancreatic tumor cells. This technology could be relevant for the collection and interrogation of liquid biopsies, early detection, and relapse monitoring of pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pelle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Anupam A K Das
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Leigh A Madden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Vesselin N Paunov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
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25
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Recent Development of Microfluidic Technology for Cell Trapping in Single Cell Analysis: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic technology has emerged from the MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System)-technology as an important research field. During the last decade, various microfluidic technologies have been developed to open up a new era for biological studies. To understand the function of single cells, it is very important to monitor the dynamic behavior of a single cell in a living environment. Cell trapping in single cell analysis is urgently demanded There have been some review papers focusing on drug screen and cell analysis. However, cell trapping in single cell analysis has rarely been covered in the previous reviews. The present paper focuses on recent developments of cell trapping and highlights the mechanisms, governing equations and key parameters affecting the cell trapping efficiency by contact-based and contactless approach. The applications of the cell trapping method are discussed according to their basic research areas, such as biology and tissue engineering. Finally, the paper highlights the most promising cell trapping method for this research area.
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26
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Bacon K, Lavoie A, Rao BM, Daniele M, Menegatti S. Past, Present, and Future of Affinity-based Cell Separation Technologies. Acta Biomater 2020; 112:29-51. [PMID: 32442784 PMCID: PMC10364325 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progress in cell purification technology is critical to increase the availability of viable cells for therapeutic, diagnostic, and research applications. A variety of techniques are now available for cell separation, ranging from non-affinity methods such as density gradient centrifugation, dielectrophoresis, and filtration, to affinity methods such as chromatography, two-phase partitioning, and magnetic-/fluorescence-assisted cell sorting. For clinical and analytical procedures that require highly purified cells, the choice of cell purification method is crucial, since every method offers a different balance between yield, purity, and bioactivity of the cell product. For most applications, the requisite purity is only achievable through affinity methods, owing to the high target specificity that they grant. In this review, we discuss past and current methods for developing cell-targeting affinity ligands and their application in cell purification, along with the benefits and challenges associated with different purification formats. We further present new technologies, like stimuli-responsive ligands and parallelized microfluidic devices, towards improving the viability and throughput of cell products for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Our comparative analysis provides guidance in the multifarious landscape of cell separation techniques and highlights new technologies that are poised to play a key role in the future of cell purification in clinical settings and the biotech industry. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Technologies for cell purification have served science, medicine, and industrial biotechnology and biomanufacturing for decades. This review presents a comprehensive survey of this field by highlighting the scope and relevance of all known methods for cell isolation, old and new alike. The first section covers the main classes of target cells and compares traditional non-affinity and affinity-based purification techniques, focusing on established ligands and chromatographic formats. The second section presents an excursus of affinity-based pseudo-chromatographic and non-chromatographic technologies, especially focusing on magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Finally, the third section presents an overview of new technologies and emerging trends, highlighting how the progress in chemical, material, and microfluidic sciences has opened new exciting avenues towards high-throughput and high-purity cell isolation processes. This review is designed to guide scientists and engineers in their choice of suitable cell purification techniques for research or bioprocessing needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Bacon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Ashton Lavoie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Balaji M Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7928, USA
| | - Michael Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University - University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7928, USA.
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27
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Yang D, Yang X, Li Y, Zhao P, Fu R, Ren T, Hu P, Wu Y, Yang H, Guo N. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells and metabolic signatures in lung cancer after surgical removal. J Transl Med 2020; 18:243. [PMID: 32552826 PMCID: PMC7301449 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer (LC) remains the deadliest form of cancer globally. While surgery remains the optimal treatment strategy for individuals with early-stage LC, what the metabolic consequences are of such surgical intervention remains uncertain. Methods Negative enrichment-fluorescence in situ hybridization (NE-FISH) was used in an effort to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pre- and post-surgery peripheral blood samples from 51 LC patients. In addition, targeted metabolomics analyses, multivariate statistical analyses, and pathway analyses were used to explore surgery-associated metabolic changes. Results LC patients had significantly higher CTC counts relative to healthy controls with 66.67% of LC patients having at least 1 detected CTC before surgery. CTC counts were associated with clinical outcomes following surgery. In a targeted metabolomics analysis, we detected 34 amino acids, 147 lipids, and 24 fatty acids. When comparing LC patients before and after surgery to control patients, metabolic shifts were detected via PLS-DA and pathway analysis. Further surgery-associated metabolic changes were identified when comparing LA (LC patients after surgery) and LB (LC patients before surgery) groups. We identified SM 42:4, Ser, Sar, Gln, and LPC 18:0 for inclusion in a biomarker panel for early-stage LC detection based upon an AUC of 0.965 (95% CI 0.900–1.000). This analysis revealed that SM 42:2, SM 35:1, PC (16:0/14:0), PC (14:0/16:1), Cer (d18:1/24:1), and SM 38:3 may offer diagnostic and prognostic benefits in LC. Conclusions These findings suggest that CTC detection and plasma metabolite profiling may be an effective means of diagnosing early-stage LC and identifying patients at risk for disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yang
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peige Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rao Fu
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianying Ren
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Guo
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Shandong, 276006, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Pan X, Zhang X. Utility of circulating tumor cells and DNA in the management of advanced colorectal cancer. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1289-1299. [PMID: 32379501 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Clinical management of colorectal cancer is challenging. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and DNA (ctDNA) are investigated to detect key KRAS mutation and for prognosis for risk stratifications. Materials & methods: 200 advance-stage patients with metastatic disease were selected and followed-up. Serial blood draws were used to quantify CTCs and ctDNA. Results: Both CTCs and ctDNA are strongly associated with colorectal cancer patients. The positive predictive values were 96.5 and 96.3% among CTCs and ctDNA, respectively, for all 200 patients using KRAS mutation. Specificity for healthy controls was 100%. As a prognosis indicator, results demonstrated that patients who had positive CTCs and plasma DNA had worse outcomes. Conclusion: Blood-based assessment of colorectal cancer shows promising results in early-risk stratifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, the Clinical Second Clinical Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, Renmin Road 1, Jingzhou, 434020, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, the Clinical Second Clinical Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, Renmin Road 1, Jingzhou, 434020, PR China
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29
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Lim M, Park J, Lowe AC, Jeong HO, Lee S, Park HC, Lee K, Kim GH, Kim MH, Cho YK. A lab-on-a-disc platform enables serial monitoring of individual CTCs associated with tumor progression during EGFR-targeted therapy for patients with NSCLC. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:5181-5194. [PMID: 32373206 PMCID: PMC7196290 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Unlike traditional biopsy, liquid biopsy, which is a largely non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring tool, can be performed more frequently to better track tumors and mutations over time and to validate the efficiency of a cancer treatment. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered promising liquid biopsy biomarkers; however, their use in clinical settings is limited by high costs and a low throughput of standard platforms for CTC enumeration and analysis. In this study, we used a label-free, high-throughput method for CTC isolation directly from whole blood of patients using a standalone, clinical setting-friendly platform. Methods: A CTC-based liquid biopsy approach was used to examine the efficacy of therapy and emergent drug resistance via longitudinal monitoring of CTC counts, DNA mutations, and single-cell-level gene expression in a prospective cohort of 40 patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Results: The change ratio of the CTC counts was associated with tumor response, detected by CT scan, while the baseline CTC counts did not show association with progression-free survival or overall survival. We achieved a 100% concordance rate for the detection of EGFR mutation, including emergence of T790M, between tumor tissue and CTCs. More importantly, our data revealed the importance of the analysis of the epithelial/mesenchymal signature of individual pretreatment CTCs to predict drug responsiveness in patients. Conclusion: The fluid-assisted separation technology disc platform enables serial monitoring of CTC counts, DNA mutations, as well as unbiased molecular characterization of individual CTCs associated with tumor progression during targeted therapy.
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30
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Thiriet PE, Pezoldt J, Gambardella G, Keim K, Deplancke B, Guiducci C. Selective Retrieval of Individual Cells from Microfluidic Arrays Combining Dielectrophoretic Force and Directed Hydrodynamic Flow. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11030322. [PMID: 32244902 PMCID: PMC7143322 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic-based microfluidic platforms enable single-cell arraying and analysis over time. Despite the advantages of established microfluidic systems, long-term analysis and proliferation of cells selected in such devices require off-chip recovery of cells as well as an investigation of on-chip analysis on cell phenotype, requirements still largely unmet. Here, we introduce a device for single-cell isolation, selective retrieval and off-chip recovery. To this end, singularly addressable three-dimensional electrodes are embedded within a microfluidic channel, allowing the selective release of single cells from their trapping site through application of a negative dielectrophoretic (DEP) force. Selective capture and release are carried out in standard culture medium and cells can be subsequently mitigated towards a recovery well using micro-engineered hybrid SU-8/PDMS pneumatic valves. Importantly, transcriptional analysis of recovered cells revealed only marginal alteration of their molecular profile upon DEP application, underscored by minor transcriptional changes induced upon injection into the microfluidic device. Therefore, the established microfluidic system combining targeted DEP manipulation with downstream hydrodynamic coordination of single cells provides a powerful means to handle and manipulate individual cells within one device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Thiriet
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-216-931-345
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (J.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Gabriele Gambardella
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
| | - Kevin Keim
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (J.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Carlotta Guiducci
- Laboratory of Life Sciences Electronics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH, Switzerland; (G.G.); (K.K.); (C.G.)
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31
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Wan L, Neumann CA, LeDuc PR. Tumor-on-a-chip for integrating a 3D tumor microenvironment: chemical and mechanical factors. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:873-888. [PMID: 32025687 PMCID: PMC7067141 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression, including metastasis, is significantly influenced by factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as mechanical force, shear stress, chemotaxis, and hypoxia. At present, most cancer studies investigate tumor metastasis by conventional cell culture methods and animal models, which are limited in data interpretation. Although patient tissue analysis, such as human patient-derived xenografts (PDX), can provide important clinical relevant information, they may not be feasible for functional studies as they are costly and time-consuming. Thus, in vitro three-dimensional (3D) models are rapidly being developed that mimic TME and allow functional investigations of metastatic mechanisms and drug responses. One of those new 3D models is tumor-on-a-chip technology that provides a powerful in vitro platform for cancer research, with the ability to mimic the complex physiological architecture and precise spatiotemporal control. Tumor-on-a-chip technology can provide integrated features including 3D scaffolding, multicellular culture, and a vasculature system to simulate dynamic flow in vivo. Here, we review a select set of recent achievements in tumor-on-a-chip approaches and present potential directions for tumor-on-a-chip systems in the future for areas including mechanical and chemical mimetic systems. We also discuss challenges and perspectives in both biological factors and engineering methods for tumor-on-a-chip progress. These approaches will allow in the future for the tumor-on-a-chip systems to test therapeutic approaches for individuals through using their cancerous cells gathered through approaches like biopsies, which then will contribute toward personalized medicine treatments for improving their outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 US.
| | - C A Neumann
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 US.
| | - P R LeDuc
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 US.
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32
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Lim SB, Menon NV, Lim CT. Microfluidic tools for probing micro-culprits: Opportunities and challenges in microfluidic diagnostics. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49749. [PMID: 31997514 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is a highly promising technology platform for cancer diagnosis. It will need a change of mindset among engineers, clinicians and regulators to fully embrace its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Lim
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
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33
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Lee MW, Kim GH, Jeon HK, Park SJ. Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells in Gastric Cancer. Gut Liver 2020; 13:394-401. [PMID: 30970448 PMCID: PMC6622568 DOI: 10.5009/gnl18484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection and accurate monitoring of cancer is important for improving clinical outcomes. Endoscopic biopsy and/or surgical resection specimens are the gold standard for diagnosing gastric cancer and are also useful for selecting therapeutic strategies based on the analysis of genomic/immune parameters. However, these approaches cannot be easily performed because of their invasiveness and because these specimens do not always reflect tumor dynamics and drug sensitivities during therapeutic processes, especially chemotherapy. Accordingly, many researchers have tried to develop noninvasive novel biomarkers that can monitor real-time tumor dynamics for early diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and prediction of recurrence and therapeutic efficacy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are metastatic cells that are released from the primary tumors into the blood stream and comprise a crucial step in hematogenous metastasis. CTCs, as a liquid biopsy, have received a considerable amount of attention from researchers since they are easily accessible in peripheral blood, avoiding the invasiveness associated with traditional biopsy techniques; they can also be used to derive clinical information for monitoring disease status. In this review, with respect to CTCs, we summarize the metastatic cascade, detection methods, clinical applications, and prospects for patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Gwang Ha Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Su Jin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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34
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Chintapula U, M Iqbal S, Kim YT. A compendium of single cell analysis in aging and disease. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2020004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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35
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Zhu S, Jiang F, Han Y, Xiang N, Ni Z. Microfluidics for label-free sorting of rare circulating tumor cells. Analyst 2020; 145:7103-7124. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01148g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A review discussing the working principles and performances of label-free CTC sorting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Fengtao Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
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36
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Lim SB, Lim CT, Lim WT. Single-Cell Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells: Why Heterogeneity Matters. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101595. [PMID: 31635038 PMCID: PMC6826423 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike bulk-cell analysis, single-cell approaches have the advantage of assessing cellular heterogeneity that governs key aspects of tumor biology. Yet, their applications to circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are relatively limited, due mainly to the technical challenges resulting from extreme rarity of CTCs. Nevertheless, recent advances in microfluidics and immunoaffinity enrichment technologies along with sequencing platforms have fueled studies aiming to enrich, isolate, and sequence whole genomes of CTCs with high fidelity across various malignancies. Here, we review recent single-cell CTC (scCTC) sequencing efforts, and the integrated workflows, that have successfully characterized patient-derived CTCs. We examine how these studies uncover DNA alterations occurring at multiple molecular levels ranging from point mutations to chromosomal rearrangements from a single CTC, and discuss their cellular heterogeneity and clinical consequences. Finally, we highlight emerging strategies to address key challenges currently limiting the translation of these findings to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Lim
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
| | - Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore.
- Office of Academic and Clinical Development, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
- IMCB NCC MPI Singapore Oncogenome Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore.
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Abstract
As an alternative target to surgically resected tissue specimens, liquid biopsy has gained much attention over the past decade. Of the various circulating biomarkers, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have particularly opened new windows into the metastatic cascade, with their functional, biochemical, and biophysical properties. Given the extreme rarity of intact CTCs and the associated technical challenges, however, analyses have been limited to bulk-cell strategies, missing out on clinically significant sources of information from cellular heterogeneity. With recent technological developments, it is now possible to probe genetic material of CTCs at the single-cell resolution to study spatial and temporal dynamics in circulation. Here, we discuss recent transcriptomic profiling efforts that enabled single-cell characterization of patient-derived CTCs spanning diverse cancer types. We further highlight how expression data of these putative biomarkers have advanced our understanding of metastatic spectrum and provided a basis for the development of CTC-based liquid biopsies to track, monitor, and predict the efficacy of therapy and any emergent resistance.
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38
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Addressing cellular heterogeneity in tumor and circulation for refined prognostication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:17957-17962. [PMID: 31416912 PMCID: PMC6731691 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907904116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Delineation of intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) has been a subject of growing interest for defining and tracking the evolution of cancer. Yet, the clinical consequences of such ITH on risk prediction remain unclear. Here we show ITH-driven variance on patient stratification and argue that the level of ITH of individual genes should be considered when developing single sector-based prognostic multigene tests (MGTs) in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Single-cell molecular analysis of enriched, patient-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) further revealed predictive biomarkers for metastatic risk. Through systematic analysis of genes implicated in multiple steps of the metastatic spectrum, we demonstrate that the refined signatures achieve superior accuracy in identifying patients with early-stage disease at high risk of recurrence of NSCLC. Despite pronounced genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) not only between tumors, but also within a tumor, validation of clinically relevant gene signatures for prognostication has relied upon single-tissue samples, including 2 commercially available multigene tests (MGTs). Here we report an unanticipated impact of intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) on risk prediction of recurrence in NSCLC, underscoring the need for a better genomic strategy to refine prognostication. By leveraging label-free, inertial-focusing microfluidic approaches in retrieving circulating tumor cells (CTCs) at single-cell resolution, we further identified specific gene signatures with distinct expression profiles in CTCs from patients with differing metastatic potential. Notably, a refined prognostic risk model that reconciles the level of ITH and CTC-derived gene expression data outperformed the initial classifier in predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS). We propose tailored approaches to providing reliable risk estimates while accounting for ITH-driven variance in NSCLC.
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Tavakoli H, Zhou W, Ma L, Perez S, Ibarra A, Xu F, Zhan S, Li X. Recent advances in microfluidic platforms for single-cell analysis in cancer biology, diagnosis and therapy. Trends Analyt Chem 2019; 117:13-26. [PMID: 32831435 PMCID: PMC7434086 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding molecular, cellular, genetic and functional heterogeneity of tumors at the single-cell level has become a major challenge for cancer research. The microfluidic technique has emerged as an important tool that offers advantages in analyzing single-cells with the capability to integrate time-consuming and labour-intensive experimental procedures such as single-cell capture into a single microdevice at ease and in a high-throughput fashion. Single-cell manipulation and analysis can be implemented within a multi-functional microfluidic device for various applications in cancer research. Here, we present recent advances of microfluidic devices for single-cell analysis pertaining to cancer biology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. We first concisely introduce various microfluidic platforms used for single-cell analysis, followed with different microfluidic techniques for single-cell manipulation. Then, we highlight their various applications in cancer research, with an emphasis on cancer biology, diagnosis, and therapy. Current limitations and prospective trends of microfluidic single-cell analysis are discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Tavakoli
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai
University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Wan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Stefani Perez
- Biomedical Engineering, Border Biomedical Research Center,
Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West
University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Andrea Ibarra
- Biomedical Engineering, Border Biomedical Research Center,
Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West
University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Sihui Zhan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai
University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - XiuJun Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai
University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Border Biomedical Research Center,
Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West
University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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40
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Chen W, Liao Y, Yang C, Fang Z, Liu B, Zheng X, Zhou C. Potential use of transrenal DNA for non-invasive monitoring and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Biomarkers 2019; 24:524-529. [PMID: 31220949 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1593507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Anti-EGFR mAb are recommended treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Accurate mutation profiling and disease monitoring are challenging. The current study investigates the potential use of transrenal DNA as a biomarker for disease management. Methods: Agreement between archival tissue specimens and transrenal DNA extracted from 200 post-treated mCRC patients was determined. Total DNA concentrations were measured and mutations within the KRAS and EGFR genes were profiled for each specimen. To ascertain therapy resistance; patients were serially monitored monthly. Results: Concordance measurement with matched tissues at baseline was remarkably high (92%) for EGFR and KRAS mutations. Sensitivity and specificity were 98.4% and 89.1% respectively. Newly detectable mutations for a subgroup of patients with initial wildtype characteristics were evident after 4 months of anti-EGFR mAb therapy. Survival analysis using adjusted estimates showed that patients detected by transrenal DNA for key mutations or had higher mutant DNA content had poorer outcome. Conclusion: Transrenal DNA offers new options to follow clinical treatment in mCRC. It demonstrates the ability to capture newly acquired mutations that has strong associative links to therapy resistance. Patients with these mutations fared poorly for survival outcomes and indicated possible prognostic value for transrenal DNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- a Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
| | - Yingying Liao
- b Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- a Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
| | - Zhicheng Fang
- a Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
| | - Boyi Liu
- a Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- a Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
| | - Chunfang Zhou
- b Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan , Hubei , China
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41
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Liu Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Liu J. Advancing single-cell proteomics and metabolomics with microfluidic technologies. Analyst 2019; 144:846-858. [PMID: 30351310 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell analysis have unraveled substantial heterogeneity among seemingly identical cells at genomic and transcriptomic levels. These discoveries have urged scientists to develop new tools that are capable of investigating single cells from a broader set of "omics". Proteomics and metabolomics, for instance, are of particular interest as they are closely correlated with a dynamic picture of cellular behaviors and phenotypic identities. The development of such tools requires highly efficient isolation and processing of a large number of individual cells, where techniques such as microfluidics are extremely useful. Here, we review the recent advances in single-cell proteomics and metabolomics, with a focus on microfluidics-based platforms. We highlight a vast array of emerging microfluidic formats for single-cell isolation and manipulation, and how the state-of-the-art analytical tools are coupled with such platforms for proteomic and metabolomic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China.
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42
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Lyu M, Zhou J, Ning K, Ying B. The diagnostic value of circulating tumor cells and ctDNA for gene mutations in lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2539-2552. [PMID: 31040697 PMCID: PMC6454989 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Detecting gene mutations by two competing biomarkers, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and ctDNA has gradually paved a new diagnostic avenue for personalized medicine. We performed a comprehensive analysis to compare the diagnostic value of CTCs and ctDNA for gene mutations in lung cancer. METHODS Publications were electronically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science as of July 2018. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC, each with a 95% CI, were yielded. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Quality assessment of included studies was also performed. RESULTS From 4,283 candidate articles, we identified 47 articles with a total of 7,244 patients for qualitative review and meta-analysis. When detecting EGFR, the CTC and ctDNA groups had pooled sensitivity of 75.4% (95% CI 0.683-0.817) and 67.1% (95% CI 0.647-0.695), respectively. When testing KRAS, pooled sensitivity was 38.7% (95% CI 0.266-0.519) in the CTC group and 65.1% (95% CI 0.558-0.736) in the ctDNA group. The diagnostic performance of ctDNA in testing ALK and BRAF was also evaluated. Heterogeneity among the 47 articles was acceptable. CONCLUSION ctDNA might be a more promising biomarker with equivalent performance to CTCs when detecting EGFR and its detailed subtypes, and superior diagnostic capacity when testing KRAS and ALK. In addition, the diagnostic performance of ctDNA and CTCs depends on the detection methods greatly, and this warrants further studies to explore more sensitive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Lyu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jian Zhou
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Ning
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China,
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43
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Cho H, Kim J, Song H, Sohn KY, Jeon M, Han KH. Microfluidic technologies for circulating tumor cell isolation. Analyst 2019; 143:2936-2970. [PMID: 29796523 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01979c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of tumor-related death, and the dispersal of tumor cells through the circulatory system is a critical step in the metastatic process. Early detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is therefore important for early diagnosis, prognosis, and effective treatment of cancer, enabling favorable clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Accurate and reliable methods for isolating and detecting CTCs are necessary to obtain this clinical information. Over the past two decades, microfluidic technologies have demonstrated great potential for isolating and detecting CTCs from blood. The present paper reviews current advanced microfluidic technologies for isolating CTCs based on various biological and physical principles, and discusses their fundamental advantages and drawbacks for subsequent cellular and molecular assays. Owing to significant genetic heterogeneity among CTCs, microfluidic technologies for isolating individual CTCs have recently been developed. We discuss these single-cell isolation methods, as well as approaches to overcoming the limitations of current microfluidic CTC isolation technologies. Finally, we provide an overview of future innovative microfluidic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungseok Cho
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Center for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749, Republic of Korea.
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44
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You JB, Wang Y, McCallum C, Tarlan F, Hannam T, Lagunov A, Jarvi K, Sinton D. Live sperm trap microarray for high throughput imaging and analysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:815-824. [PMID: 30693362 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01204k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing appreciation and understanding of cell-to-cell variability in biological samples. However, research and clinical practice in male fertility has relied on population, or sample-based characteristics. Single-cell resolution is particularly important given the winner-takes-all nature of both natural and in vitro fertilization: it is the properties of a single cell, not the population, that are passed to the next generation. While there are a range of methods for single cell analysis, arraying a larger number of live sperm has not been possible due to the strong locomotion of the cells. Here we present a 103-trap microarray that traps, aligns and arrays individual live sperm. The method enables high-resolution imaging of the aligned cell head, the application of dye-based DNA and mitochondrial analyses, and the quantification of motility characteristics, such as tail beat. In testing, a 2400-post array trapped ∼400 sperm for individual analyses of tail beating frequency and amplitude, DNA integrity via acridine orange staining, and mitochondrial activity via staining. While literature results are mixed regarding a possible correlation between motility and DNA integrity of sperm at sample-level, results here find no statistical correlation between tail beat characteristics and DNA integrity at the cell-level. The trap array uniquely enables the high-throughput study of individual live sperm in semen samples - assessing the inherently single-cell selection process of fertilization, with single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Bem You
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
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45
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Carey TR, Cotner KL, Li B, Sohn LL. Developments in label-free microfluidic methods for single-cell analysis and sorting. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 11:e1529. [PMID: 29687965 PMCID: PMC6200655 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in microfluidic technologies have led to the development of many new tools for both the characterization and sorting of single cells without the need for exogenous labels. Label-free microfluidics reduce the preparation time, reagents needed, and cost of conventional methods based on fluorescent or magnetic labels. Furthermore, these devices enable analysis of cell properties such as mechanical phenotype and dielectric parameters that cannot be characterized with traditional labels. Some of the most promising technologies for current and future development toward label-free, single-cell analysis and sorting include electronic sensors such as Coulter counters and electrical impedance cytometry; deformation analysis using optical traps and deformation cytometry; hydrodynamic sorting such as deterministic lateral displacement, inertial focusing, and microvortex trapping; and acoustic sorting using traveling or standing surface acoustic waves. These label-free microfluidic methods have been used to screen, sort, and analyze cells for a wide range of biomedical and clinical applications, including cell cycle monitoring, rapid complete blood counts, cancer diagnosis, metastatic progression monitoring, HIV and parasite detection, circulating tumor cell isolation, and point-of-care diagnostics. Because of the versatility of label-free methods for characterization and sorting, the low-cost nature of microfluidics, and the rapid prototyping capabilities of modern microfabrication, we expect this class of technology to continue to be an area of high research interest going forward. New developments in this field will contribute to the ongoing paradigm shift in cell analysis and sorting technologies toward label-free microfluidic devices, enabling new capabilities in biomedical research tools as well as clinical diagnostics. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Carey
- UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Graduate Division, Berkeley, California
| | - Kristen L Cotner
- UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Graduate Division, Berkeley, California
| | - Brian Li
- UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Graduate Division, Berkeley, California
| | - Lydia L Sohn
- UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Graduate Division, Berkeley, California
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
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46
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47
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Dong Z, Tang C, Zhao L, Xu J, Wu Y, Tang X, Zhou W, He R, Zhao R, Xu L, Zhang Z, Fang X. A Microwell-Assisted Multiaptamer Immunomagnetic Platform for Capture and Genetic Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1801231. [PMID: 30565898 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood is of paramount significance for cancer diagnosis, progress evaluation, and individualized therapy. However, the rareness and heterogeneity of CTCs introduces significant challenges in the capture of cancer cells as well as downstream genetic analysis. In this work, a microwell-assisted multiaptamer immunomagnetic platform (MMAIP) is proposed for highly efficient capture of CTCs with minimum influence of heterogeneity. Assisted by a microwell chip, the purity of CTCs is greatly improved, thus meeting the requirement of downstream gene analysis. This is, as far as is known, the first aptamer based platform enabling mutation analysis of the captured CTCs from cancer patients, which will contribute to the practical application of aptamers in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaizai Dong
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Chuanhao Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology; Peking University International Hospital; Beijing 102206 P. R. China
| | - Libo Zhao
- Echo Biotech Co., Ltd; Beijing 102206 P. R. China
| | - Jiachao Xu
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yayun Wu
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Rongxiang He
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices; Ministry of Education; Jianghan University; Wuhan 430056 P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Fang
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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48
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Zhang Y, Zheng H, Zhan Y, Long M, Liu S, Lu J, Zang H, Fan S. Detection and application of circulating tumor cell and circulating tumor DNA in the non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2377-2386. [PMID: 30662798 PMCID: PMC6325475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. The ability of cancer cells to break-off from the primary tumor and spread to distant organs is the main cause of death of cancer patients. The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a considerable part of liquid biopsy, which contributes to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, and especially to identify the targetable mutations of NSCLC. This review is to discuss the detection and application of CTC and ctDNA in the diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and guiding targeted therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengping Long
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sile Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junmi Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
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49
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Wu J, Chen Q, Lin JM. Microfluidic technologies in cell isolation and analysis for biomedical applications. Analyst 2018; 142:421-441. [PMID: 27900377 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01939k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Efficient platforms for cell isolation and analysis play an important role in applied and fundamental biomedical studies. As cells commonly have a size of around 10 microns, conventional handling approaches at a large scale are still challenged in precise control and efficient recognition of cells for further performance of isolation and analysis. Microfluidic technologies have become more prominent in highly efficient cell isolation for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection, single-cell analysis and stem cell separation, since microfabricated devices allow for the spatial and temporal control of complex biochemistries and geometries by matching cell morphology and hydrodynamic traps in a fluidic network, as well as enabling specific recognition with functional biomolecules in the microchannels. In addition, the fabrication of nano-interfaces in the microchannels has been increasingly emerging as a very powerful strategy for enhancing the capability of cell capture by improving cell-interface interactions. In this review, we focus on highlighting recent advances in microfluidic technologies for cell isolation and analysis. We also describe the general biomedical applications of microfluidic cell isolation and analysis, and finally make a prospective for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qiushui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter E. Oomen
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Mohaddeseh A. Aref
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Ibrahim Kaya
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- The Gothenburg Imaging Mass Spectrometry (Go:IMS) Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Nhu T. N. Phan
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- The Gothenburg Imaging Mass Spectrometry (Go:IMS) Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- University of Göttingen Medical Center, Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- The Gothenburg Imaging Mass Spectrometry (Go:IMS) Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
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