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Freisleben F, Modemann F, Muschhammer J, Stamm H, Brauneck F, Krispien A, Bokemeyer C, Kirschner KN, Wellbrock J, Fiedler W. Mebendazole Mediates Proteasomal Degradation of GLI Transcription Factors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10670. [PMID: 34639011 PMCID: PMC8508953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of elderly AML patients is still poor due to chemotherapy resistance. The Hedgehog (HH) pathway is important for leukemic transformation because of aberrant activation of GLI transcription factors. MBZ is a well-tolerated anthelmintic that exhibits strong antitumor effects. Herein, we show that MBZ induced strong, dose-dependent anti-leukemic effects on AML cells, including the sensitization of AML cells to chemotherapy with cytarabine. MBZ strongly reduced intracellular protein levels of GLI1/GLI2 transcription factors. Consequently, MBZ reduced the GLI promoter activity as observed in luciferase-based reporter assays in AML cell lines. Further analysis revealed that MBZ mediates its anti-leukemic effects by promoting the proteasomal degradation of GLI transcription factors via inhibition of HSP70/90 chaperone activity. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the MBZ-HSP90 complex, showing a stable binding interaction at the ATP binding site. Importantly, two patients with refractory AML were treated with MBZ in an off-label setting and MBZ effectively reduced the GLI signaling activity in a modified plasma inhibitory assay, resulting in a decrease in peripheral blood blast counts in one patient. Our data prove that MBZ is an effective GLI inhibitor that should be evaluated in combination to conventional chemotherapy in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Freisleben
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Franziska Modemann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center, University Cancer Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana Muschhammer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Hauke Stamm
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Franziska Brauneck
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Alexander Krispien
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Karl N. Kirschner
- Department of Computer Science, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany;
| | - Jasmin Wellbrock
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Walter Fiedler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (F.F.); (F.M.); (J.M.); (H.S.); (F.B.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (J.W.)
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Chai JY, Sugumar V, Alshawsh MA, Wong WF, Arya A, Chong PP, Looi CY. The Role of Smoothened-Dependent and -Independent Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Tumorigenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1188. [PMID: 34572373 PMCID: PMC8466551 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh)-glioma-associated oncogene homolog (GLI) signaling pathway is highly conserved among mammals, with crucial roles in regulating embryonic development as well as in cancer initiation and progression. The GLI transcription factors (GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3) are effectors of the Hh pathway and are regulated via Smoothened (SMO)-dependent and SMO-independent mechanisms. The SMO-dependent route involves the common Hh-PTCH-SMO axis, and mutations or transcriptional and epigenetic dysregulation at these levels lead to the constitutive activation of GLI transcription factors. Conversely, the SMO-independent route involves the SMO bypass regulation of GLI transcription factors by external signaling pathways and their interacting proteins or by epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of GLI transcription factors expression. Both routes of GLI activation, when dysregulated, have been heavily implicated in tumorigenesis of many known cancers, making them important targets for cancer treatment. Hence, this review describes the various SMO-dependent and SMO-independent routes of GLI regulation in the tumorigenesis of multiple cancers in order to provide a holistic view of the paradigms of hedgehog signaling networks involving GLI regulation. An in-depth understanding of the complex interplay between GLI and various signaling elements could help inspire new therapeutic breakthroughs for the treatment of Hh-GLI-dependent cancers in the future. Lastly, we have presented an up-to-date summary of the latest findings concerning the use of Hh inhibitors in clinical developmental studies and discussed the challenges, perspectives, and possible directions regarding the use of SMO/GLI inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yi Chai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (J.Y.C.); (P.P.C.)
| | - Vaisnevee Sugumar
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | | | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Building 184, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (J.Y.C.); (P.P.C.)
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (J.Y.C.); (P.P.C.)
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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Abele M, Müller SL, Schleicher S, Hartmann U, Döring M, Queudeville M, Lang P, Handgretinger R, Ebinger M. Arsenic trioxide in pediatric cancer - a case series and review of literature. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 38:471-485. [PMID: 33635158 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2021.1872748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has become an established component of treatment protocols for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with excellent efficacy and no relevant sustained toxicity. Part of its action has been attributed to the inhibition of Hedgehog signaling (Hh) which enables a possible therapeutic approach as many pediatric tumor entities have been associated with increased Hh activity. We retrospectively analyzed 31 patients with refractory and relapsed pediatric cancer who were treated with ATO at the University Children's Hospital of Tuebingen. Additionally a literature review on the clinical and preclinical use of ATO in pediatric cancer treatment was performed.ATO alone as well as combinations with other drugs have proven effective in vitro and in mouse models of various pediatric malignancies. However, only few data on the clinical use of ATO in pediatric patients besides APL exist. In our patient sample, ATO was overall well tolerated in the treatment of various pediatric cancers, even in combination with other cytostatic drugs. Due to distinct tumor entities, differently progressed disease stages and varying co-medication, no clear statement can be made regarding the efficacy of ATO treatment. However, patients with proven Hh activation in molecular tumor profiling surpassed all other patients, who received ATO in an experimental treatment setting, in terms of survival. As molecular profiling of tumors increases and enhanced Hh activity can be detected at an early stage, ATO might expand its clinical use to other pediatric malignancies beyond APL depending on further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Abele
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sara-Lena Müller
- Clinic for Anaesthesiology, Critical Care, Emergency Medicine and Pain Management, Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Schleicher
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Döring
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manon Queudeville
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Peter Lang
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Ebinger
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Anticancer Mechanism of Curcumin on Human Glioblastoma. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030950. [PMID: 33809462 PMCID: PMC7998496 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor and accounts for most adult brain tumors. Current available treatment options for GBM are multimodal, which include surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Despite the significant advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, GBM remains largely resistant to treatment, with a poor median survival rate between 12 and 18 months. With increasing drug resistance, the introduction of phytochemicals into current GBM treatment has become a potential strategy to combat GBM. Phytochemicals possess multifarious bioactivities with multitarget sites and comparatively marginal toxicity. Among them, curcumin is the most studied compound described as a potential anticancer agent due to its multi-targeted signaling/molecular pathways properties. Curcumin possesses the ability to modulate the core pathways involved in GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, paraptosis, oxidative stress, and tumor cell motility. This review discusses curcumin’s anticancer mechanism through modulation of Rb, p53, MAPK, P13K/Akt, JAK/STAT, Shh, and NF-κB pathways, which are commonly involved and dysregulated in preclinical and clinical GBM models. In addition, limitation issues such as bioavailability, pharmacokinetics perspectives strategies, and clinical trials were discussed.
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Alvarez-Trotta A, Wang Z, Shersher E, Li B, Long J, Lohse I, Wahlestedt C, El-Rifai W, Robbins DJ, Capobianco AJ. The bromodomain inhibitor IBET-151 attenuates vismodegib-resistant esophageal adenocarcinoma growth through reduction of GLI signaling. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3174-3187. [PMID: 32913560 PMCID: PMC7443367 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog/GLI (HH/GLI) signaling pathway plays a critical role in human oncogenesis. Unfortunately, the clinical use of HH inhibitor(s) has been associated with serious adverse effects and mutation-related drug resistance. Since the efficacy of SMO (Smoothened) and GLI inhibitors is limited in clinical trials, there remains a critical need for the HH/GLI pathway inhibitors with different mechanisms of action. Here, we show that esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cell lines are insensitive to vismodegib (SMO inhibitor) but respond to GANT61 (GLI1 inhibitor). Furthermore, we examine the role of GLI1 in tumorigenicity of EAC and how a selective bromodomain inhibitor IBET-151 downregulates transcriptional activity of the GLI1 transcription factor in EAC. Our study demonstrates that GLI1 plays an important role in tumorigenicity of EAC and that elevated GLI1 expression in patients’ ultrasound-assisted endoscopic biopsy may predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) FOLFOX. Importantly, IBET-151 abrogates the growth of vismodegib-resistant EAC cells and downregulates HH/GLI by reducing the occupancy of BRD4 at the GLI1 locus. IBET-151 also attenuates tumor growth of EAC-PDXs and does so in an on-target manner as it reduces the expression of GLI1. We identify HH/GLI signaling as a novel druggable pathway in EAC as well as validate an ability of clinically relevant GLI inhibitor to attenuate the viability of vismodegib-resistant EAC cells. Therefore, we propose that selective bromodomain inhibitors, such as IBET-151, could be used as novel therapeutic agents for EAC patients harboring GLI-dependent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamil Alvarez-Trotta
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Division of Surgical Oncology, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Elena Shersher
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jun Long
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ines Lohse
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Division of Surgical Oncology, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Division of Surgical Oncology, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Co-senior authors
| | - Anthony J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Division of Surgical Oncology, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Co-senior authors
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Yao F, Yu J, He Y, Liu J, Li H, Liu Q, Long H, Wu Q. Primary impact of Gli1 on radioresistance in esophageal cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4825-4833. [PMID: 31611993 PMCID: PMC6781776 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is the primary cause for the low efficacy of radiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer (EC). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway may be involved in the pathology of various tumors, including EC. The present study aimed to examine the association between radioresistance in EC and the Sonic Hedgehog pathway, and to determine whether a downstream transcription factor of the Shh pathway, glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 1 (Gli1), serves a primary role in radioresistance. The radiation-resistant cell line Eca109R was established by repeated low dose (cumulative dose 60 Gy) irradiation of the human EC cell line Eca109. The level of cell radiosensitivity was determined by colony formation assay, and the localization of Gli1 was detected using immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression levels of Gli1, Shh, patched 1 (Ptch) and smoothened frizzled class receptor (Smo) in the two cell lines. Significantly higher levels of Gli1 were identified in the Eca109R cell line compared with those inEca109 cells (P<0.05). Additionally, western blotting analysis demonstrated an increased expression level of the Gli1, Shh, Ptch and Smo proteins in Eca109R, compared with Eca109 cells (P<0.05). Overexpression of Gli1 in the parental cell line led to decreased levels of radiosensitivity and radiosensitivity of the radioresistant cell line was restored through knockdown of Gli1. The present study demonstrated that Gli1 may be associated with the development of radioresistance in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Jinjing Yu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Yulin He
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Hui Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Qingming Wu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
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Kotulak-Chrzaszcz A, Klacz J, Matuszewski M, Kmiec Z, Wierzbicki PM. Expression of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway components in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5801-5810. [PMID: 31788053 PMCID: PMC6865145 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and the most aggressive histopathological subtype of kidney cancer, with patients exhibiting high mortality rates for metastatic tumors. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway serves a crucial role in embryonic development. The abnormal activity of SHH signaling is observed in a broad range of malignancies. However, its role in ccRCC is still undetermined. The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of the SHH pathway genes in ccRCC. Neoplastic and morphologically unchanged kidney tissues were obtained during radical nephrectomy from 37 patients with ccRCC. The SHH, PTCH1, SMO and GLI1 mRNA levels were assessed using the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Western blot analysis was used to assess the full-length and C-terminal SHH protein level. The mRNA levels of SHH, SMO and GLI1 were approximately 2-, 2,5- and 7-fold higher in ccRCC tissue compared with control kidney tissue, respectively. Correlational analysis between the mRNA levels of SHH pathway genes and patients' clinicopathological factors revealed decreased and increased mRNA levels of PTCH1 and SMO respectively, in tumor samples derived from older patients (age >62). Furthermore, the level of C-terminal SHH protein in ccRCC samples was significantly lower in a group of males compared with females. No correlation was exhibited between molecular data and patient survival. Western blot analysis indicated a ~3-fold higher level of SHH full-length protein, and a 4-fold lower level of the C-terminal SHH protein domain, in ccRCC tumor tissues compared with normal kidney samples. The current study indicated an involvement of the SHH pathway in ccRCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kotulak-Chrzaszcz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80211, Poland
| | - Jakub Klacz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80402, Poland
| | - Marcin Matuszewski
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80402, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmiec
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80211, Poland
| | - Piotr M Wierzbicki
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80211, Poland
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Cortes JE, Gutzmer R, Kieran MW, Solomon JA. Hedgehog signaling inhibitors in solid and hematological cancers. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 76:41-50. [PMID: 31125907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hedgehog signaling pathway is normally tightly regulated. Mutations in hedgehog pathway components may lead to abnormal activation. Aberrantly activated hedgehog signaling plays a major role in the development of solid and hematological cancer. In recent years, inhibitors have been developed that attenuate hedgehog signaling; 2 have been approved for use in basal cell carcinoma (BCC), while others are under development or in clinical trials. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of known hedgehog inhibitors (HHIs) and their potential for the treatment of hematological cancers and solid tumors beyond BCC. DESIGN Published literature was searched to identify articles relating to HHIs in noncutaneous cancer. Both preclinical and clinical research articles were included. In addition, relevant clinical trial results were identified from www.clinicaltrials.gov. Information on the pharmacology of HHIs is also included. RESULTS HHIs show activity in a variety of solid and hematological cancers. In preclinical studies, HHIs demonstrated efficacy in pancreatic cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, breast cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In clinical studies, HHIs showed activity in medulloblastoma, as well as prostate, pancreatic, and hematological cancers. Current clinical trials testing the efficacy of HHIs are underway for prostate, pancreatic, and breast cancers, as well as multiple myeloma and AML. CONCLUSIONS As clinical trial results become available, it will be possible to discern which additional tumor types are suited to HHI mono- or combination therapy with other anticancer agents. The latter strategy may be useful for delaying or overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Cortes
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. #428, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Department of Dermatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mark W Kieran
- Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - James A Solomon
- Ameriderm Research, 725 W Granada Blvd Ste 44, Ormond Beach, FL 32174, USA; University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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Corsi L, Mescola A, Alessandrini A. Glutamate Receptors and Glioblastoma Multiforme: An Old "Route" for New Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071796. [PMID: 30978987 PMCID: PMC6479730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant tumor of the central nervous system, with poor survival in both treated and untreated patients. Recent studies began to explain the molecular pathway, comprising the dynamic structural and mechanical changes involved in GBM. In this context, some studies showed that the human glioblastoma cells release high levels of glutamate, which regulates the proliferation and survival of neuronal progenitor cells. Considering that cancer cells possess properties in common with neural progenitor cells, it is likely that the functions of glutamate receptors may affect the growth of cancer cells and, therefore, open the road to new and more targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Corsi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mescola
- CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Andrea Alessandrini
- CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy.
- Department of Physics, Informatics e Mathematics, Via G. Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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10
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Triptonide inhibits lung cancer cell tumorigenicity by selectively attenuating the Shh-Gli1 signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 365:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Melamed JR, Morgan JT, Ioele SA, Gleghorn JP, Sims-Mourtada J, Day ES. Investigating the role of Hedgehog/GLI1 signaling in glioblastoma cell response to temozolomide. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27000-27015. [PMID: 29930746 PMCID: PMC6007474 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy substantially hinders successful glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, contributing to an almost 100% mortality rate. Resistance to the frontline chemotherapy, temozolomide (TMZ), arises from numerous signaling pathways that are deregulated in GBM, including Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Here, we investigate suppression of Hh signaling as an adjuvant to TMZ using U87-MG and T98G cell lines as in vitro models of GBM. We found that silencing GLI1 with siRNA reduces cell metabolic activity by up to 30% in combination with TMZ and reduces multidrug efflux activity by 2.5-fold. Additionally, pharmacological GLI inhibition modulates nuclear p53 levels and decreases MGMT expression in combination with TMZ. While we surprisingly found that silencing GLI1 does not induce apoptosis in the absence of TMZ co-treatment, we discovered silencing GLI1 without TMZ co-treatment induces senescence as evidenced by a significant 2.3-fold increase in senescence associated β-galactosidase staining, and this occurs in a loss of PTEN-dependent manner. Finally, we show that GLI inhibition increases apoptosis in glioma stem-like cells by up to 6.8-fold in combination with TMZ, and this reduces the size and number of neurospheres grown from glioma stem-like cells. In aggregate, our data warrant the continued investigation of Hh pathway inhibitors as adjuvants to TMZ chemotherapy and highlight the importance of identifying signaling pathways that determine whether co-treatment will be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua T Morgan
- Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Stephen A Ioele
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jason P Gleghorn
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - Emily S Day
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Newark, DE, USA.,Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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12
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Luo H, Li S, Zhao M, Sheng B, Zhu H, Zhu X. Prognostic value of progesterone receptor expression in ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36845-36856. [PMID: 28415663 PMCID: PMC5482703 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective While a prognosis value of progesterone receptor (PR) in ovarian cancer has been reported in some publications, controversial data were presented by different reports. In order to address the disagreement of progesterone receptor in ovarian cancer survival, we conducted this meta-analysis. Methods Relevant articles on progesterone receptor and ovarian cancer prognosis were identified via a thorough search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were extracted from studies on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)/progress-free survival (PFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS). Result A total of 28 eligible studies containing 5685 patients were collected for analysis. It was found that progesterone receptor positivity was significantly associated with favorable overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78 to 0.95, P = 0.002) and disease-free survival (DFS)/progress-free survival (PFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61 to 0.93, P = 0.008) of ovarian cancer patients. Subgroup analysis showed that progesterone receptor expression was associated with a favorable prognosis of unclassified ovarian cancer, European origin, and immunohistochemical detection method. Conclusion Progesterone receptor expression can be used as a favorable prognostic predictor in ovarian cancer managements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saisai Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Menghuang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Lu L, Wu M, Zhao F, Fu W, Li W, Li X, Liu T. Prognostic and clinicopathological value of Gli-1 expression in gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69087-69096. [PMID: 27634907 PMCID: PMC5356614 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma associated oncogene-1 (Gli-1) is considered as a strong positive activator of downstream target genes of hedgehog signal pathway in mammalians. However, its diagnostic and prognostic value in gastric cancer remains unclear and controversial. Therefore, a quantitative meta-analysis was conducted to determine the clinical value of Gli-1 in gastric cancer patients. Twelve eligible articles with 886 gastric cancer patients were included in this meta-analysis. The relationship between Gli-1 expression in gastric cancer patients and clinicopathological features and 5-year overall survival (OS) was evaluated using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis showed that the upregulated Gli-1 was associated with sample type (gastric cancer tissues) (OR 10.31, 95%CI 7.14-14.88; P = 0.000), differentiation type (OR 3.76, 95%CI 2.55-5.53; P = 0.000), depth of invasion (OR 8.17, 95%CI 3.60-18.55; P = 0.000), lymph node metastasis (OR 3.97, 95%CI 2.73-5.78; P = 0.000) and high TNM stage (OR 3.65, 95%CI 1.89-7.04; P = 0.000). Three studies including 316 patients were assessed for the correlation between Gli-1 and 5-year OS, which indicated that positive Gli-1 expression was associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients (HR 2.14, 95%CI 1.35-3.40; P = 0.001). Little publication bias was identified by funnel plots and Egger's tests. The sensitivity analysis indicated that no study substantially influenced pooled OR/HR. Taken together, Gli-1 is a credible indicator for highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin, China
| | - Feixiang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin, China
| | - Weihua Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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14
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Old Sonic Hedgehog, new tricks: a new paradigm in thoracic malignancies. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14680-14691. [PMID: 29581874 PMCID: PMC5865700 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway is physiologically involved during embryogenesis, but is also activated in several diseases, including solid cancers. Previous studies have demonstrated that the Shh pathway is involved in oncogenesis, tumor progression and chemoresistance in lung cancer and mesothelioma. The Shh pathway is also closely associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Recent findings have revealed that a small proportion of lung cancer cells expressed an abnormal full-length Shh protein, associated with cancer stem cell features. In this paper, we review the role of the Shh pathway in thoracic cancers (small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and mesothelioma) and discuss the new perspectives of cancer research highlighted by the recent data of the literature.
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15
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Functional analysis of Cullin 3 E3 ligases in tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1869:11-28. [PMID: 29128526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cullin 3-RING ligases (CRL3) play pivotal roles in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes, including neoplastic events. The substrate adaptors of CRL3 typically contain a BTB domain that mediates the interaction between Cullin 3 and target substrates to promote their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. The biological implications of CRL3 adaptor proteins have been well described where they have been found to play a role as either an oncogene, tumor suppressor, or can mediate either of these effects in a context-dependent manner. Among the extensively studied CRL3-based E3 ligases, the role of the adaptor protein SPOP (speckle type BTB/POZ protein) in tumorigenesis appears to be tissue or cellular context dependent. Specifically, SPOP acts as a tumor suppressor via destabilizing downstream oncoproteins in many malignancies, especially in prostate cancer. However, SPOP has largely an oncogenic role in kidney cancer. Keap1, another well-characterized CRL3 adaptor protein, likely serves as a tumor suppressor within diverse malignancies, mainly due to its specific turnover of its downstream oncogenic substrate, NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2). In accordance with the physiological role the various CRL3 adaptors exhibit, several pharmacological agents have been developed to disrupt its E3 ligase activity, therefore blocking its potential oncogenic activity to mitigate tumorigenesis.
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16
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Zhao Z, Jia Q, Wu MS, Xie X, Wang Y, Song G, Zou CY, Tang Q, Lu J, Huang G, Wang J, Lin DC, Koeffler HP, Yin JQ, Shen J. Degalactotigonin, a Natural Compound from Solanum nigrum L., Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma through GSK3β Inactivation-Mediated Repression of the Hedgehog/Gli1 Pathway. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:130-144. [PMID: 28951519 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Agents extracted from natural sources with antitumor property have attracted considerable attention from researchers and clinicians because of their safety, efficacy, and immediate availability. Degalactotigonin (DGT), extracted from Solanum nigrum L, has anticancer properties without serious side effects. Here, we explored whether DGT can inhibit the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma.Experimental Design: MTT, colony formation, and apoptosis assays were performed to analyze the effects of DGT on osteosarcoma cell viability in vitro The migration and invasion abilities were measured using a Transwell assay. Animal models were used to assess the roles of DGT in both tumor growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Gli1 expression and function were measured in osteosarcoma cells and clinical samples. After DGT treatment, Gli1 activation and the phosphorylation status of multiple cellular kinases were measured with a luciferase reporter and phospho-kinase antibody array.Results: DGT inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed migration and invasion in osteosarcoma cells. DGT, injected intraperitoneally after tumor inoculation, significantly decreased the volume of osteosarcoma xenografts and dramatically diminished the occurrence of osteosarcoma xenograft metastasis to the lungs. Mechanistically, DGT inhibited osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through repression of the Hedgehog/Gli1 pathway, which maintains malignant phenotypes and is involved in the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. DGT decreased the activity of multiple intracellular kinases that affect the survival of osteosarcoma patients, including GSK3β. In addition, DGT represses the Hedgehog/Gli1 pathway mainly through GSK3β inactivation.Conclusions: Our studies provide evidence that DGT can suppress the growth and metastasis of human osteosarcoma through modulation of GSK3β inactivation-mediated repression of the Hedgehog/Gli1 pathway. Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 130-44. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Guangzhou City Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Man-Si Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbiao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqian Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Song
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Ye Zou
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Tang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinchang Lu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun-Qiang Yin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingnan Shen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Gu Y, Pei X, Ren Y, Cai K, Guo K, Chen J, Qin W, Lin M, Wang Q, Tang N, Cheng Z, Ding Y, Lin J. Oncogenic function of TUSC3 in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with Hedgehog signalling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1749-1760. [PMID: 28487226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 75-80% of all lung carcinomas, which is the most common cause of death from cancer. Tumour suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) is pivotal in many biochemical functions and cytological processes. Dis-regulation of TUSC3 is frequently observed in epithelial cancers. In this study, we observed up-regulated TUSC3 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in clinical NSCLC samples compared with adjacent non-tumorous lung tissues. The expression level of TUSC3 is significantly correlated with tumour metastasis and patient survival. Overexpression of TUSC3 in NSCLC cells led to increased proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and accelerated xenograft tumour growth in vivo, while the opposite effects were achieved in TUSC3-silenced cells. Increased GLI1, SMO, PTCH1, and PTCH2 abundance were observed in TUSC3 overexpressed cells using western blotting. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analyses further revealed interaction between TUSC3 and GLI1. In conclusion, our study demonstrated an oncogenic role of TUSC3 in NSCLC and showed that dis-regulation of TUSC3 may affect tumour cell invasion and migration through possible involvement in the Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Pei
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Department of Pathology, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, PR China
| | - Yansong Ren
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Kang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jiaye Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Weizhao Qin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Mingdao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 510820, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 510820, PR China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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18
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Kim Y, Do IG, Hong M, Suh YL. Negative prognostic effect of low nuclear GLI1 expression in glioblastomas. J Neurooncol 2017; 133:69-76. [PMID: 28417299 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The hedgehog signaling plays supportive roles in various aspects of tumorigenesis. Increased expression of the key component, GLI1, has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis in many types of cancers. We aimed to investigate the effect of GLI1 expression in glioblastoma focusing on the nuclear localization. Immunohistochemistry for GLI1, GLI2, PTCH1, SMO, and SHH were done in 140 glioblastoma tissues, and the staining was graded. For GLI1, nuclear and cytoplasmic expression was separately assessed. No significant correlation was found between clinicopathologic parameters and expression grades of the five proteins. Low nuclear GLI1 expression was associated with a worse progression-free survival while overall survival was not significantly affected. In contrast, cytoplasmic GLI1 expression did not have a prognostic effect. PTCH1 expression correlated with nuclear GLI1 expression without exerting a significant prognostic effect. Analysis of the TCGA-glioblastoma dataset revealed that low GLI1 mRNA level also correlated with a poor prognosis for both overall and progression-free survival. The adverse effect of low nuclear GLI1 expression in glioblastomas is in contrast with the negative prognostic effect of high GLI1 expression reported in non-cranial malignancies. The relative impact of hedgehog signaling among other oncogenic pathways in the brain may be responsible for the difference. The different implication of GLI1 expression in glioblastomas needs to be considered in studies of hedgehog signaling-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuil Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gu Do
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mineui Hong
- Department of Pathology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Lim Suh
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Noncanonical GLI1 signaling promotes stemness features and in vivo growth in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:4641-4652. [PMID: 28368412 PMCID: PMC5558095 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant Hedgehog/GLI signaling has been implicated in a diverse spectrum of human cancers, but its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is still under debate. We show that the downstream effector of the Hedgehog pathway, GLI1, is expressed in 76% of LACs, but in roughly half of these tumors, the canonical pathway activator, Smoothened, is expressed at low levels, possibly owing to epigenetic silencing. In LAC cells including the cancer stem cell compartment, we show that GLI1 is activated noncanonically by MAPK/ERK signaling. Different mechanisms can trigger the MAPK/ERK/GLI1 cascade including KRAS mutation and stimulation of NRP2 by VEGF produced by the cancer cells themselves in an autocrine loop or by stromal cells as paracrine cross talk. Suppression of GLI1, by silencing or drug-mediated, inhibits LAC cells proliferation, attenuates their stemness and increases their susceptibility to apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide insight into the growth of LACs and point to GLI1 as a downstream effector for oncogenic pathways. Thus, strategies involving direct inhibition of GLI1 may be useful in the treatment of LACs.
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20
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McNeish IA. Prognostic pathways in early-stage ovarian cancer: can gene expression transcend histological subtype? Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1366-8. [PMID: 27358384 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I A McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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