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Yin L, Shen X, Yin D, Wang J, Zhao R, Dai Y, Pan X. Characteristics of the MicroRNA Expression Profile of Exosomes Released by Vero Cells Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040806. [PMID: 35458536 PMCID: PMC9025164 DOI: 10.3390/v14040806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles actively secreted by a variety of cells. They contain regulated microRNA (miRNA), allowing them to function in intercellular communication. In the present study, the role of exosomal miRNAs in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection was investigated using exosomes isolated from Vero cells infected with PEDV. The results of transmission electron microscopy observation showed that the exosomes are spherical in shape, uniform in size, and negatively stained in the membrane. Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed that the average exosome particle size is 130.5 nm. The results of miRNA sequencing showed that, compared with the control group, a total of 115 miRNAs are abnormally expressed in the exosomes of infected cells. Of these, 80 miRNAs are significantly upregulated and 35 miRNAs are significantly downregulated. Functional annotation analysis showed that the differentially expressed miRNAs are associated with PEDV infection through interaction with the cAMP, Hippo, TGF-beta, HIF-1, FoxO, MAPK, and Ras signaling pathways. Thus, our findings provide important information about the effects of PEDV infection on exosomal miRNA expression and will aid the search for potential anti-PEDV drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xuehuai Shen
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Dongdong Yin
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jieru Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ruihong Zhao
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaocheng Pan
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (L.Y.); (X.S.); (D.Y.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence:
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He G, Wu J, Kong H, Zhang Y, Li Y, Cai M, Shaduhan G, Yan Y, Zheng Y, Ding J. Comparative analysis of miRNAs in exosomes released by sheeppox virus-infected ovine testicular cells. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 67:101363. [PMID: 31600681 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes, secreted by various cells, are nanometer-scale vesicles with the functions in intercellular communication. To understand a role of exosomal miRNAs in the sheeppox virus infection, exosomes were isolated from sheeppox virus-infected sheep testicular cells 0 h, 24 h and 72 h post infection. The results of transmission electron microscopy and size distribution showed that all three exosome samples were spherical particles with negatively-stained membrane, ranging from 39 nm to 127 nm in diameter. A total of 106 known and 279 novel miRNAs were identified, and 78 known and 54 novel miRNAs were commonly detected in three exosome samples. Compared with the exosomes by the uninfected controls, a total of 34 known miRNAs were aberrantly expressed in the exosomes from infected cells. In agreement with the sequencing data, the expression of oar-miR-21 and oar-miR-10b was shown to be the highest in exosomes at 24 h after SPPV-infected, and the expression of oar-let-7f was the highest in exosomes at 72 h. Conversely, the expression of oar-let-7b and oar-miR-221 was significantly decreased 24 h and 72 h post infection compared with 0 h. The analysis results also revealed that differentially expressed miRNAs were mostly involved in an immune system process and stimulus response. These results provide rich data to further investigate a role of exosomal miRNAs in SPPV-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guitian He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Jin'en Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Helei Kong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Yong'e Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Yating Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Mengting Cai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Gulinazi Shaduhan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Yuting Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Yadong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Juntao Ding
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
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Piotto C, Julier Z, Martino MM. Immune Regulation of Tissue Repair and Regeneration via miRNAs-New Therapeutic Target. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:98. [PMID: 30057898 PMCID: PMC6053520 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of immunity in tissue repair and regeneration is now evident. Thus, promoting tissue healing through immune modulation is a growing and promising field. Targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) is an appealing option since they regulate immunity through post-transcriptional gene fine-tuning in immune cells. Indeed, miRNAs are involved in inflammation as well as in its resolution by controlling immune cell phenotypes and functions. In this review, we first discuss the immunoregulatory role of miRNAs during the restoration of tissue homeostasis after injury, focusing mainly on neutrophils, macrophages and T lymphocytes. As tissue examples, we present the immunoregulatory function of miRNAs during the repair and regeneration of the heart, skeletal muscles, skin and liver. Secondly, we discuss recent technological advances for designing therapeutic strategies which target miRNAs. Specifically, we highlight the possible use of miRNAs and anti-miRNAs for promoting tissue regeneration via modulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Piotto
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ziad Julier
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mikaël M Martino
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Rebustini IT. A Functional MicroRNA Screening Method for Organ Morphogenesis. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CELL BIOLOGY 2017; 74:19.19.1-19.19.17. [PMID: 28256721 DOI: 10.1002/cpcb.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The increasing repertoire of microRNAs expressed during organ development and their role in regulating organ morphogenesis provide a compelling need to develop methods to assess microRNA function using various in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Methods to assess microRNA function during organ morphogenesis include transfection of microRNA inhibitors (antagomirs) and activators (mimics) into mouse embryonic explanted organs using liposomes, which can potentially result in low efficiency of transfection and off-target effects. We devised a method to assess microRNA function in explanted organs by transfecting antagomirs and mimics using peptide-based nanoparticles, increasing functional microRNA targeting efficiency, and decreasing off-target effects. Our method can be applied to a variety of embryonic organs that can be explanted and provides an alternative to efficiently and functionally prioritize microRNAs during organ morphogenesis for further in vivo genetic approaches. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan T Rebustini
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Tang CY, Man XF, Guo Y, Tang HN, Tang J, Zhou CL, Tan SW, Wang M, Zhou HD. IRS-2 Partially Compensates for the Insulin Signal Defects in IRS-1 -/- Mice Mediated by miR-33. Mol Cells 2017; 40:123-132. [PMID: 28190325 PMCID: PMC5339503 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling is coordinated by insulin receptor substrates (IRSs). Many insulin responses, especially for blood glucose metabolism, are mediated primarily through Irs-1 and Irs-2. Irs-1 knockout mice show growth retardation and insulin signaling defects, which can be compensated by other IRSs in vivo; however, the underlying mechanism is not clear. Here, we presented an Irs-1 truncated mutated mouse (Irs-1-/-) with growth retardation and subcutaneous adipocyte atrophy. Irs-1-/- mice exhibited mild insulin resistance, as demonstrated by the insulin tolerance test. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity and phosphorylated Protein Kinase B (PKB/AKT) expression were elevated in liver, skeletal muscle, and subcutaneous adipocytes in Irs-1 deficiency. In addition, the expression of IRS-2 and its phosphorylated version were clearly elevated in liver and skeletal muscle. With miRNA microarray analysis, we found miR-33 was down-regulated in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) of Irs-1-/- mice, while its target gene Irs-2 was up-regulated in vitro studies. In addition, miR-33 was down-regulated in the presence of Irs-1 and which was up-regulated in fasting status. What's more, miR-33 restored its expression in re-feeding status. Meanwhile, miR-33 levels decreased and Irs-2 levels increased in liver, skeletal muscle, and subcutaneous adipocytes of Irs-1-/- mice. In primary cultured liver cells transfected with an miR-33 inhibitor, the expression of IRS-2, PI3K, and phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT) increased while the opposite results were observed in the presence of an miR-33 mimic. Therefore, decreased miR-33 levels can up-regulate IRS-2 expression, which appears to compensate for the defects of the insulin signaling pathway in Irs-1 deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Xiao-Fei Man
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Hao-Neng Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Ci-La Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Shu-Wen Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008,
China
| | - Hou-De Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011,
China
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