1
|
Fang H, Li Q, Wang H, Ren Y, Zhang L, Yang L. Maternal nutrient metabolism in the liver during pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1295677. [PMID: 38572473 PMCID: PMC10987773 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1295677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver plays pivotal roles in nutrient metabolism, and correct hepatic adaptations are required in maternal nutrient metabolism during pregnancy. In this review, hepatic nutrient metabolism, including glucose metabolism, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and protein and amino acid metabolism, is first addressed. In addition, recent progress on maternal hepatic adaptations in nutrient metabolism during pregnancy is discussed. Finally, the factors that regulate hepatic nutrient metabolism during pregnancy are highlighted, and the factors include follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, prostaglandins fibroblast growth factor 21, serotonin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, melatonin, adrenal hormone, leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin glucagon and thyroid hormone. Our vision is that more attention should be paid to liver nutrient metabolism during pregnancy, which will be helpful for utilizing nutrient appropriately and efficiently, and avoiding liver diseases during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Fang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ying Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Leying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ortiz JR, Lewis SM, Ciccone M, Chatterjee D, Henry S, Siepel A, Dos Santos CO. Single-Cell Transcription Mapping of Murine and Human Mammary Organoids Responses to Female Hormones. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2024; 29:3. [PMID: 38289401 PMCID: PMC10827859 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-023-09553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
During female adolescence and pregnancy, rising levels of hormones result in a cyclic source of signals that control the development of mammary tissue. While such alterations are well understood from a whole-gland perspective, the alterations that such hormones bring to organoid cultures derived from mammary glands have yet to be fully mapped. This is of special importance given that organoids are considered suitable systems to understand cross species breast development. Here we utilized single-cell transcriptional profiling to delineate responses of murine and human normal breast organoid systems to female hormones across evolutionary distinct species. Collectively, our study represents a molecular atlas of epithelial dynamics in response to estrogen and pregnancy hormones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven M Lewis
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Michael Ciccone
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | | | - Samantha Henry
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Adam Siepel
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ortiz JR, Lewis SM, Ciccone MF, Chatterjee D, Henry S, Siepel A, Dos Santos CO. Single-cell transcription mapping of murine and human mammary organoids responses to female hormones. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.28.559971. [PMID: 37808747 PMCID: PMC10557705 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.28.559971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
During female adolescence and pregnancy, rising levels of hormones result in a cyclic source of signals that control the development of mammary tissue. While such alterations are well understood from a whole-gland perspective, the alterations that such hormones bring to organoid cultures derived from mammary glands have yet to be fully mapped. This is of special importance given that organoids are considered suitable systems to understand cross species breast development. Here we utilized single-cell transcriptional profiling to delineate responses of murine and human normal breast organoid systems to female hormones across evolutionary distinct species. Collectively, our study represents a molecular atlas of epithelial dynamics in response to estrogen and pregnancy hormones.
Collapse
|
4
|
Alex NS, Khan HR, Ramachandra SG, Medhamurthy R. Pregnancy-associated Steroid Effects on Insulin Sensitivity, Adipogenesis, and Lipogenesis: Role of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad076. [PMID: 37440965 PMCID: PMC10334487 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Context The shift in maternal energy metabolism characteristic of pregnancy is thought to be driven by various hormonal changes, especially of ovarian and placental steroids. Imbalances in circulating estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels during this period are often associated with metabolic disturbances leading to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Since abnormalities in the Wnt pathway effector transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) are commonly associated with the occurrence of GDM, we hypothesized that the canonical or β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling pathway mediates the metabolic actions of E2 and P4. Objective Our study was aimed at elucidating the metabolic function of the steroids E2 and P4, and examining the role of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in mediating the actions of these steroids. Methods The ovariectomized (OVX) rat was used as a model system to study the effect of known concentrations of exogenously administered E2 and P4. Niclosamide (Nic) was administered to block Wnt signaling. 3T3-L1 cells were used to analyze changes in differentiation in the presence of the steroids or niclosamide. Results In the present study, we observed that E2 enhanced insulin sensitivity and inhibited lipogenesis while P4 increased lipogenic gene expression-in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of OVX rats when the dosage of E2 and P4 mimicked that of pregnancy. Both E2 and P4 were also found to upregulate Wnt signaling. Nic nhibited the steroid-mediated increase in Wnt signaling in adipocytes and OVX rats. The insulin-sensitizing and antilipogenic actions of E2 were found to be mediated by the canonical Wnt pathway, but the effects of P4 on lipogenesis appeared to be independent of it. Additionally, it was observed that inhibition of Wnt signaling by Nic hastened adipogenic differentiation, and the inhibitory effect of E2 on differentiation was prevented by Nic. Conclusion The findings presented in this study highlight the role of steroids and Wnt pathway in glucose and lipid metabolism and are relevant to understanding the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders arising from hormonal disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Sara Alex
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Habibur Rahaman Khan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Subbaraya Gudde Ramachandra
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Rudraiah Medhamurthy
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma H, Zhang H, Yu J, Wang Z, Zeng X, Ye J, Wang C. Integrated analysis of microRNA expression profiles and function network in mice testes after low dose lead exposure from early puberty. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116260. [PMID: 36183778 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence suggesting the participation of non-coding RNAs in male reproductive dysfunction induced by lead, and the significance of microRNAs has been highlighted recently because of their essential roles in gene regulatory networks. To comprehensively understand the functions of miRNA and the regulatory networks, RNA sequencing was carried out to obtain miRNA expression profiles in mice testes exposed to low dose Pb for 90 days at the onset of puberty. In total, 44 differentially expressed miRNAs with 26 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated were identified between 200 mg/L Pb group and control group (p < 0.05). Enrichment analysis confirmed that the target genes of DE miRNAs might participate in the metabolism of testicular cells. Furthermore, a miRNA-mRNA co-expression network consisting of 19 miRNAs and 106 mRNAs and a competing endogenous RNA network of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA including 179 genes were established. Finally, the expressions of 4 miRNAs (mmu-miR-451a, mmu-miR-133a-3p, mmu-miR-1a-3p and mmu-miR-486a-3p) and 4 mRNAs (Gramd1b, Tcf7l2, Mov10 and Srcin1) involved in regulatory networks were verified by RT-qPCR. In conclusion, our research might provide targets for the mechanism studies of miRNAs in reproductive toxicity of Pb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Ma
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ziqiong Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiangchao Zeng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingping Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Z, Xu L, Xu X. The role of transcription factor 7-like 2 in metabolic disorders. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13166. [PMID: 33615650 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), a member of the T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor family, generally forms a complex with β-catenin to regulate the downstream target genes as an effector of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. TCF7L2 plays a vital role in various biological processes and functions in many organs and tissues, including the liver, islet and adipose tissues. Further, TCF7L2 down-regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and promotes lipid accumulation. In islets, TCF7L2 not only affects the insulin secretion of the β-cells but also has an impact on other cells. In addition, TCF7L2 influences adipogenesis in adipose tissues. Thus, an out-of-control TCF7L2 expression can result in metabolic disorders. The TCF7L2 gene is composed of 17 exons, generating 13 different transcripts, and has many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The discovery that these SNPs have an impact on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has attracted thorough investigations in the study of TCF7L2. Apart from T2D, TCF7L2 SNPs are also associated with type 1, posttransplant and other types of diabetes. Furthermore, TCF7L2 variants affect the progression of other disorders, such as obesity, cancers, metabolic syndrome and heart diseases. Finally, the interaction between TCF7L2 variants and diet also needs to be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mao R, Yang F, Zhang Y, Liu H, Guo P, Liu Y, Zhang T. High expression of CD52 in adipocytes: a potential therapeutic target for obesity with type 2 diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11043-11060. [PMID: 33705353 PMCID: PMC8109061 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the involvement of CD52 in adipocytes as well as to explore its effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to improve our understanding of the potential molecular events of obesity with type 2 diabetes. Global changes in the CD52 expression patterns were detected in adipocytes and preadipocytes derived from obese and lean individuals. In particular, CD52 was identified as significantly differentially upregulated and was analyzed, both in vitro and in vivo, using various approaches. In vitro experiments, CD52 was a significantly up-regulated mRNA in mature adipocytes and preadipocytes. In addition, CD52 gradually increased with the differentiation of preadipocytes. In vivo experiments, the expression of CD52 in high-fat diet (HFD) -fed mice tended to be higher than that in regular diet (RD) -fed mice. Further analysis showed that CD52 expression was positively correlated with Smad3 and TGF-β in mice, and the downregulation of CD52 was accompanied by increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Moreover, a comparison of CD4+CD52high T cells and CD4+CD52low T cells showed that many T2DM-related genes were aberrantly expressed. Overall, CD52 may functioned as an important potential target for obesity with T2DM via TGF-β/Smad3 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Emergency Department, Third Clinical Medical College, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Pengsen Guo
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.,Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang L, Yan T, Wu B, Xu F, Jia Y. Silychristin A activates Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway to reduce apoptosis and improve GLP-1 production through upregulation of estrogen receptor α in GLUTag cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 881:173236. [PMID: 32497626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a glucagon-like peptide secreted mainly from intestinal L cells, possesses the functions of promoting synthesis and secretion of insulin in pancreatic β-cells, and maintaining glucose homeostasis in an insulin-independent manner. Silychristin A, a major flavonolignan from silymarin, was reported to protect pancreatic β-cells from oxidative damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. However, the role of silychristin A in the protection of intestinal L-cells is still unknown. Our current study demonstrated that palmitate (PA) inhibited protein expression of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and subsequently increased reactive oxygen species level to induce apoptosis and decrease GLP-1 content in intestinal L-cell line GLUTag cells. Pre-incubation of silychristin A effectively reversed PA-inactivated Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 antioxidative pathway accompanied with decreased apoptosis level and increased GLP-1 level in GLUTag cells. As a potential target of silychristin A, estrogen receptor α was shown to be downregulated by PA stimulation, and the expression of which was improved by silychristin A in a concentration-dependent manner. Further study revealed that the treatment of estrogen receptor α antagonist MPP induced apoptosis and blocked the stimulation of GLP-1 production by silychristin A through the activation of Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway in GLUTag cells. Taken together, our study found silychristin A activated estrogen receptor α-dependent Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway to decrease apoptosis and upregulate GLP-1 production in GLUTag cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Luxin Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Ying Jia
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Handgraaf S, Philippe J. The Role of Sexual Hormones on the Enteroinsular Axis. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1152-1162. [PMID: 31074764 DOI: 10.1210/er.2019-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroid estrogens, androgens, and progesterone, produced by the gonads, which have long been considered as endocrine glands, are implicated in sexual differentiation, puberty, and reproduction. However, the impact of sex hormones goes beyond these effects through their role on energy metabolism. Indeed, sex hormones are important physiological regulators of glucose homeostasis and, in particular, of the enteroinsular axis. In this review, we describe the roles of estrogens, androgens, and progesterone on glucose homeostasis through their effects on pancreatic α- and β-cells, as well as on enteroendocrine L-cells, and their implications in hormonal biosynthesis and secretion. The analysis of their mechanisms of action with the dissection of the receptors implicated in the several protective effects could provide some new aspects of the fine-tuning of hormonal secretion under the influence of the sex. This knowledge paves the way to the understanding of transgender physiology and new potential therapeutics in the field of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Handgraaf
- Laboratory of Molecular Diabetes, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Nutrition, University Hospital/Diabetes Center/University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Philippe
- Laboratory of Molecular Diabetes, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Nutrition, University Hospital/Diabetes Center/University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
杨 鑫, 汪 悦. [Correlation analysis of serum progesterone with clinical indicators and common traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types in male type 2 diabetic patients]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:586-590. [PMID: 31140424 PMCID: PMC6743947 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.05.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation of serum progesterone (PROG) level with blood biochemical parameters and common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We collected the clinical data of 192 male patients with T2DM, who were admitted in the Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medical Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine between January, 2018 and March, 2019. The general clinical data, C-peptide level, blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), HOMA, blood lipid level, and sex hormones were compared between the patients with normal PROG and elevated PROG levels and also between the patients with two common TCM syndromes, namely qi and Yin deficiency syndrome and damp- heat accumulation in the spleen syndrome. We further compared the sex hormones, C-peptide level, HOMA, HbA1c, and blood glucose level among the patients with the two TCM syndromes having normal or elevated PROG levels. RESULTS Compared with those in patients with normal PROG level, BMI, C-peptide, HOMA-β, and HOMA2-IR were significantly lowered and HOMA-IS, E2, and T were significantly increased in patients with elevated PROG level; no statistical differences were found in age, disease duration, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), smoking history, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, HbA1c, LH, FSH or PRL between the two groups. Compared with the patients with damp-heat accumulation syndrome group, the patients with qi and Yin deficiency syndrome were older and had a longer disease duration, a greater BMI, and higher levels of PROG, C-Peptide, HOMA-β, HOMA2-IR and HOMA-IS, but the smoking history, WHR, HbA1c, blood glucose, and sex hormone levels were comparable between the two groups. Among the 4 groups of patients with different PROG levels and TCM syndromes, significant differences were found in the levels of C-peptide, HOMA-β, HOMA-IS, HOMA2-IR, PROG, E2, T, LH and FSH, and the patients with qi and Yin deficiency syndrome as well as an elevated PROG level had the lowest C-peptide level, HOMA-β and HOMA2-IR and the highest HOMA-IS, PROG, E2, T, LH and FSH. CONCLUSIONS An elevated PROG level is closely related to islet cell dysfunction and TCM syndrome types in male patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 鑫 杨
- 南京中医药大学 第一临床医学院,江苏 南京 210000First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
- 南京中医药大学 南京市中医院,江苏 南京 210000Nanjing Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - 悦 汪
- 南京中医药大学 南京中医药大学附属医院//江苏省中医院,江苏 南京 210000Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boyuk G, Arzu Yigit A, Aydogan I. Co-culture of rat luteal cells with islet cells enhances islet viability and revascularization. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:640-647. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
12
|
Mauvais-Jarvis F. Role of Sex Steroids in β Cell Function, Growth, and Survival. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:844-855. [PMID: 27640750 PMCID: PMC5116277 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The gonads have long been considered endocrine glands, producing sex steroids such as estrogens, androgens, and progesterone (P4) for the sole purpose of sexual differentiation, puberty, and reproduction. Reproduction and energy metabolism are tightly linked, however, and gonadal steroids play an important role in sex-specific aspects of energy metabolism in various physiological conditions. In that respect, gonadal steroids also influence the secretion of insulin in a sex-specific manner. This review presents a perspective on the physiological roles of estrogens, androgens, and P4 via their receptors in pancreatic β cells in the gender-specific tuning of insulin secretion. I also discuss potential gender-specific therapeutic avenues that this knowledge may open in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Diabetes Discovery and Gender Medicine Laboratory, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|